EP0768124A2 - A method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire - Google Patents
A method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0768124A2 EP0768124A2 EP96116446A EP96116446A EP0768124A2 EP 0768124 A2 EP0768124 A2 EP 0768124A2 EP 96116446 A EP96116446 A EP 96116446A EP 96116446 A EP96116446 A EP 96116446A EP 0768124 A2 EP0768124 A2 EP 0768124A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- work material
- couple
- rolling
- couples
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
- B21B1/18—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
- B21B13/08—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process
- B21B13/12—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process axes being arranged in different planes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2273/00—Path parameters
- B21B2273/22—Aligning on rolling axis, e.g. of roll calibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
- B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls
- B21B31/18—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls axially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
- B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls
- B21B31/20—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis
- B21B31/22—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis mechanically, e.g. by thrust blocks, inserts for removal
- B21B31/26—Adjusting eccentrically-mounted roll bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B35/00—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
- B21B35/02—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives for continuously-operating mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire, particularly for manufacturing wire with a diameter less than 5.5 mm
- As conventional methods for manufacturing metal wire, metal drawing process, metal rolling process and combinational process of said two ones have been known. The metal drawing method has been used mainly for manufacturing fine wire, wherein work material is successively drawn trough a plurality of drawing dies, wherein the sizing passes successively decreases. On the other hand, in the metal rolling process, work material is successively rolled by a plurality of roller-couples which are alternately arranged so that the angle between the roller axes of adjacent roller-couples is almost 90°. This process achieves a higher productivity in comparison with the metal drawing process.
- In many cases of the metal rolling process, the two rollers of each roller-couple have grooves on their rolling surfaces, respectively, which form a sizing pass for determining the cross sectional shape of resulting wire. By using an oval shape of sizing pass for upstream roller-couple and a circular shape of sizing pass for downstream one in adjacent roller-couples, a high wire productivity is achieved since the reduction of area against the work material at each pass of rolling increases.
- The metal rolling process, however, has a problem that work material (or wire) is sometimes twisted when it is introduced to the downstream roller-couple from the upstream one. The tendency of occurring such twisting is rather high in the case that the shapes of the sizing passes are different between upstream and downstream roller-couples, particularly in the case of a combination of oval-circular sizing passes. Anyway, the twisting of work material may lead to such trouble as irregular cross section of resulting wire or cutting off of the material.
- One of effective methods for preventing the work material from twisting is using auxiliary roller guides for guiding the introduction of the work material to the roller-couple. However, the size of the roller guises be comes smaller with decreasing the diameter of resulting wire, and it becomes substantially impossible to use such roller guides when the diameter of the wire is less than 5.5 mm, so that it has been regarded vary difficult to produce fine wire with a diameter less than 5.5 mm through the metal rolling process.
- Therefore, in the process of the prior art for manufacturing such fine wire, first the work material is rolled to the diameter around 5.5 mm, and next drawn by using drawing dies to a designated diameter less than 5.5 mm. This process, however, has a disadvantage that the high productivity of the metal rolling process is reduced because the metal drawing process, whose productivity is rather low, should be combined. Furthermore, the metal drawing process can be applied only for the cold working process, so that for producing wires of work-difficult materials such as high speed tool steel or high alloy steel, stress relief annealing should be performed every designated number of drawing passes, so that the productivity becomes further worse.
- The object of this invention is to offer a method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire with a diameter less than 5.5 mm which achieves a high productivity and high quality of wire.
- This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire by rolling work material successively with a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding (or transportation) direction of the work material and roll the work material in different directions each other.
- For accomplishing the aforementioned problem, the method of this invention is characterized by that the first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is a center distance between the first and the second roller-couples, and D is a wire diameter obtained after the rolling by the second roller-couple, the work material is rolled by the roller-couples so that reduction of area of the work material achieved by each roller-couples is 5 - 35%, and resulting wire diameter is less than 5.5 mm.
- The inventor has discovered that an adjacent arrangement of the first and the second roller-couples with L/D less than 30 may effectively protect the work material from said twisting during rolling without using any roller guides, thereby enabling production of wire with a diameter less than 5.5 mm by a metal rolling process and achieving very high efficiency of production of such fine wire in comparison with conventional method such as metal drawing process.
- The reduction of area of the work material achieved by each roller-couples is set in a range of 5 - 35%. The reduction of area less than 5% leads to a poor wire productivity, and that exceeding 35% causes excess degree of working which may lead to a generation of faults in the work material or damaging the rollers. The reduction of area is preferably set in a range of 10 - 30%.
- The apparatus of this invention comprises said first and second roller-couples. At least one of the first and second roller-couples can be constructed so as to comprise two rollers each of which has a groove on the circumferential surface thereof for forming a sizing pass, which determines the cross sectional shape of the wire. According to this construction, the cross section of the wire may be precisely formed in a designated shape. The optimization for the shapes of the sizing passes of the first and the second roller-couples may improve the wire productivity with maintaining high accuracy of dimension and good working condition of the wire since high reduction of area may be achieved for each pass of rolling.
- For achieving a wire diameter less than 5.5 mm, the width of the grooves is set to be less than 7 mm for the first roller-couple and less than 6 mm for the second roller-couple. On the other hand, the wire may by produced by using a roller-couple having flat rolling surfaces without grooves. In this case, the clearance formed between two rollers is less than 7 mm for the first roller-couple and less than 6 mm for the second roller-couple. In both of the constructions, the center distance between the first and the second roller-couples, L, is set to be less than 50 mm. The inventor has also discovered that an adjacent arrangement of the first and the second roller-couples with the center distance L less than 50 mm may effectively protect the work material from said twisting during rolling.
- For preventing the work material from twisting, the center distance L is preferably set to be as short as possible with a range where no interference occurs between the adjacent roller-couples. Specifically, the center distance L can be determined according to the outer diameter of each roller. When the outer diameter, d, of the rollers of the first roller-couple is the same as that of the second roller-couple, the ratio L/d is preferably set to be less than 1.2, and more preferably less than 1.0.
- The first and second roller-couples may be arranged alternatingly so that the angle between the rotation axes thereof is almost 90°. More specifically, the first roller-couple can be constructed so as to roll the work material so that the cross sectional dimension of the work material in a direction of rolling reduction, D1, becomes shorter than that in a direction perpendicular to the direction of rolling reduction, D2, and the second roller-couple rolls the work material so that the ratio of the dimensions, D2/D1, is decreased. According to this configuration, a high reduction of area may be achieved for each pass of rolling, whereby the wire productivity improves.
- The sizing passes may be formed in different shapes between the first and the second roller-couples, whereby the wire productivity improves while a high dimensional accuracy and a good working condition are maintained. For example, the sizing pass may be formed in an oval shape for the first roller-couple and in a circular shape for the second roller-couple. Such configuration of sizing passes achieves high dimensional accuracy and productivity of wire having a circular cross section.
- The apparatus can be constructed so that a plurality of roller-couple units each of which comprises the first and the second roller-couples can be arranged in the feeding direction of the work material, and the work material may be successively rolled by the roller-couple units. According to such configuration, the work material can be rolled successively, so that fine wire may be produced even from work material with a large cross section.
- The final diameter of the wire produced is preferably set in a range of 1.30 - 5.40 mm for achieving high dimensional accuracy of wire and for suppressing the frequency of faults in the resulting wire, whereby the superiority in wire productivity against the conventional method, such as the metal drawing process, becomes very significant.
- Although the variety of the work material is not limited to a particular one, this invention is particularly advantageous for producing wire of work-difficult iron-based materials, such as high speed tool steels, stainless steels and other high alloy steels, whose efficient production has been regarded to be difficult. However, this invention can be applied also to any other iron-based material such as soft steels, cold-workable carbon steels, alloy tool steels, and non-iron based metals such as Ni alloy and Ti alloy (for example, Ni-Ti based shape memory alloy), and so on.
- The rolling temperature of the work material can be chosen arbitrarily according to the variety thereof. For a material with a high deformation resistance at a room temperature, a high rolling temperature is preferable for improving wire productivity since the deformation resistance decreases thereby increasing the reduction of area. Furthermore, such high rolling temperature may suppress the increase in the work stress according to the recovery or the recrystarization of the work material during rolling, so that no process annealing for stress relief or for reducing hardness is needed, whereby the advantage in the productivity becomes more significant.
- In the case of iron-based work material, the temperature of the material when it is introduced to the first roller-couple is preferably adjusted in a range of 400 - 1300°C. The temperature below 400°C makes the effect of decreasing the deformation resistance insufficient, and that over 1300°C causes oversoftening of the work material which leads to buckling or twisting thereof, so that normal rolling becomes impossible.
- In the case of using a plurality of roller-couple units for successively rolling the work material, the temperature of the material can be maintained in the temperature range mentioned above when it is introduced into the first roller-couple of the first unit.
- Several kinds of work material have further preferable temperature range for rolling. For example, high speed tool steels is preferably rolled in a range of 800 - 1150°C. Rolling temperature below 800°C deteriorates not only the deformation resistance of the material but also the ductility, toughness and post-quenching hardness of the material since micro-voids are formed in the texture of the material due to cracking of carbides. On the other hand, temperature over 1150°C causes coarsening of carbides in the texture of the material, which decreases the strength of the wire obtained.
- The hot-rolling process according to the method of this invention is preferably performed as follows. The method comprises steps of continuously removing scale formed on work material in feeding by using a scale-removing device arranged on the passage of said work feeding, and heating the work material after the removal of the scale by using a heating device which comprises an electrode contacting with the work material allowing continuous feeding thereof and sending electric current into the work material through the electrode for resistance-heating of the work material. The heated work material is rolled by using a rolling mill so that resulting diameter of wire is less than 5.5 mm. Since the scale formed on the work material is preliminarily removed and then heated by a resistance heating method through the electrode, the contact between the work material and the electrode becomes reliable and stable, and spark generation is suppressed therebetween, so that high quality of fine wire can be produced with a large yield.
- The heating step may be performed so that the work material in feeding is heated by a heating device which is arranged on the passage of said transportation and comprises an induction heating coil. This configuration comprises no electrode contacting with the work material, so that no spark occurs during heating whereby fine wire can be produced with high quality and a large yield.
- The distance between the heating device and the rolling mill is preferably set to be less than 4 m. In the hot-rolling process for fine wire, the heated work material tends to be cooled quickly because of its small diameter. In this case, work-difficult materials, such as high speed tool steels, stainless steels, super alloys, Ti alloys (for example, Ti-Ni based shape memory alloys), and so on, have considerable narrow temperature range suitable for hot-rolling and apt to occur cracks or other faults during rolling if the material is cooled below the optimum temperature range. However, when said distance is set to be less than 4 m, the work material can be immediately introduced into the roller-couples, so that said cooling of the material and relating faults may be effectively prevented. The distance between the heating device and the rolling mill is more preferably set to be less than 3 m.
- The preferable construction of the apparatus for performing the hot-rolling method mentioned above comprises the afore-mentioned rolling mill and following elements:
- (1) a scale-removing device which is arranged on the passage of feeding of the work material and continuously removes the scale formed on said work material in continuous feeding; and
- (2) a heating device for heating the work material after the removal of the scale comprising an electrode contacting with the work material allowing the feeding thereof and sending electric current into the work material through the electrode for resistance-heating of the work material.
- The scale-removing device may comprise a shot-blasting device which removes the scale by blasting a flow of abrasive particles onto the surface of the work material in continuous feeding. According to this construction, the scale on the surface of the work material can be effectively removed.
- The heating device can be constructed so as to comprise a roller electrode which contacts with the work material and sends electric current into the work material for its resistance-heating and an urging mechanism which urges the roller electrode against the work material. According to this construction, the contact between the roller electrode and the work material becomes more reliable. In this case, a groove is preferably formed on the circumferential surface of the roller electrode for guiding the feeding of the work material. The urging mechanism may be constructed as a spring mechanism or a pressure cylinder mechanism comprising an air or hydraulic cylinder. The pressure cylinder mechanism comprising an air cylinder is particularly preferable since the urging pressure of the roller electrode against the work material can be adjusted easily.
- The heating device may be constructed so as to comprise an induction heating coil for heating said work material in continuous feeding which is arranged on the passage of the feeding.
- The rolling reduction against the work material by each roller-couple can be varied according to the variety of the work material, and the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates in the first and second roller-couple, respectively, can be adjusted according to the rolling reduction. In this case, the rolling reduction and the ratio R1/R2 can be varied according to the torsional rigidity of the work material. The function and effect of this configuration is as follows.
- The probability of occurrence of the wire twisting specifically depends upon the torsional rigidity of the work material. For example, as is shown in Fig.30 (a), when the rolling reduction is increased for the first roller-couple, the work material (A1) is deformed largely in the direction of the compression (or rolling) between the rollers. The resulting shape of the cross section of the work material is to be elongated along the direction perpendicular to said compression and cause a significant twisting torque upon the work material when a secondary rolling is performed in the direction crossing to the primary one. This means that a work material having a low torsional rigidity is apt to be twisted when the rolling reduction is increased for the first roller-couple. Therefore, such twisting of wire may be effectively prevented by adjusting the rolling reduction according to the variety of the work material, particularly to the torsional rigidity thereof.
- In this case, the change in the rolling reduction at the first roller-couple causes a change in the reduction of area achieved thereat, so that the feeding rate of the work material from the first roller-couple, i.e., the feeding rate to the second roller-couple should be also changed. Therefore, by changing the rotation rate of the second roller-couple corresponding to the change in the feeding rate of the work material, i.e., by changing the ratio R1/R2, the rolling may be performed smoothly upon the work material even if the rolling reduction is varied.
- On the other hand, the resulting wire diameter can be varied in a designated range by changing the rolling reductions in the first and second roller-couples against the work material in a corresponding range. According to this construction, there is no need to substitute current rollers with other ones having different configuration of sizing pass for changing the wire diameter, whereby wires having various diameter can be produced efficiently.
- In the case that the ratio of roller rotation rates R1/R2 is fixed in a designated value, the total rolling reduction against said work material by the first and second roller-couples can be varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of the work material is within 10 %. The inventor discovered that even if the rolling reduction is changed at a fixed value of R1/R2, the rolling can be maintained in a excellent condition. In other words, the wire diameter can be changed without changing the sizing pass of the roller-couple as long as the change in the reduction of area is within 10%. This contributes significantly for increasing productivity of wires having various diameters. In this case, the change in the rolling reduction is preferably maintained within 7%.
- If the ratio R1/R2 is varied according to the value of the total rolling reduction against the work material, the total rolling reduction can be varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material is up to 40 %. When the rolling reduction exceeds certain upper limit, the reduction of area at the first roller-couple increases, whereby the increase in the feeding rate of the work material from the first roller-couple, i.e., to the second one becomes no longer negligible. However, if the roller-rotation ratio R1/R2 is changed corresponding to the change in said transportation rate, the rolling can be performed smoothly even the rolling reduction is changes in such wider range. In this case, the shapes and/or sizes of sizing passes of the first and the second roller-couples are preferably changed according to the value of said total rolling reduction against said work material for maintaining the cross sectional shape of the resulting wire in a good condition.
- In the case of changing R1/R2, the first and the second roller-couples can be driven by a common driving means through a first and a second reduction gear systems, respectively, and the inter-stand reduction ratio, Q1/Q2, where Q1 is the reduction gear ratio of said first reduction gear system and Q2 is the reduction gear ratio of said second reduction gear system, may be varied for changing the ratio R1/R2. According to this configuration, a common driving means is used for the first and the second roller-couples, so that the construction of the apparatus becomes simple.
- Furthermore, in a configuration wherein a plurality of roller-couple units each of which comprises the first and second roller-couples are arranged in the feeding direction of said work material and the work material is successively rolled in each roller-couple units, the inter-stand reduction ratios Q1/Q2 of the roller-couple units can be changed synchronously. In this construction, when the inter-stand reduction ratio is set in a designated value for one of roller-couple units, the inter-stand reduction ratios for other roller-couple units are also set in corresponding values synchronously. According to this construction, even in the case of using many roller-couple units, the roller reductions and inter-stand reduction ratios may be easily changed corresponding to the torsional rigidity of the work material, and so on.
- The clearances between two rollers of the first and second roller-couples can be changed by a roller-clearance adjusting mechanism which moves the two rollers of each roller-couple relatively to and from each other in the direction of rolling reduction. Such roller-clearance adjusting mechanism can be constructed so as to comprise bearing portions which rotatively support the shafts of the two rollers, respectively, and a bearing rotation mechanism which rotates each bearing portion around an eccentric axis deviated from a corresponding roller axis in opposite direction, respectively, thereby moving the two rollers relatively to and from each other. This configuration accomplishes a simple and compact mechanism for changing the roller spacing.
- The bearing rotation mechanism for the first roller-couple can be arranged upstream of the first roller-couple, and that for the second roller-couple can be arranged downstream of the second roller-couple. This configuration is preferable for accomplishing the proximate arrangement of the first and the second roller-couples with a center distant L within 50 mm since no bearing rotation mechanism is located between these roller-couples, so that there is no need to prepare auxiliary roller guides for guiding the work material to the second roller-couple.
- The bearing rotation mechanism can be constructed so as to comprise first gear portions which are formed on the circumferences of the bearing portions of the two rollers, respectively, second gear portions each of which engages with corresponding first gear portion, and a driving mechanism which rotates the second gear portions synchronously in opposite directions each other.
- The second gear portions can be specifically constructed as worms which are axially formed on a worm rotating shaft at an designated intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof and whose threads are formed in opposite directions each other. The driving mechanism drives the worm rotating shaft for rotating said worms integrally. This configuration accomplishes a simple and compact construction of the bearing rotation mechanism.
- In a further specified construction of the apparatus, the bearing portion comprises bearing casings which are arranged corresponding to both end portions of each roller shaft and each of which has a bearing accommodating hole extending along said roller shaft, a bearing main body which is accommodated in each said bearing accommodating hole. In this construction, a bearing hole is formed in each bearing main body so that the center of said bearing hole is deviated from the rotation axis of the bearing main body. Each end portion of each roller shaft is rotatively supported in the bearing hole, and the bearing main body has the first gear portion on its circumference and is rotated by the worm engaged with the first gear portion around an eccentric axis deviated from the rotation axis of the roller.
- The bearing hole of the first roller couple can be formed in the bearing main body deviated from its rotation axis in the downstream, and the bearing hole of said second roller couple can be formed in the bearing main body deviated from its rotation axis in the upstream. In addition, each corresponding worm rotating shaft van be arranged in the similar manner. This configuration is preferable for accomplishing the proximate arrangement of the first and the second roller-couples.
- At least one of said first and second roller-couples can be equipped with a roller thrust adjusting mechanism which moves the two rollers relatively in the thrust direction thereof and hold these two rollers at an arbitrary positions in the thrust direction. As is shown in Fig.19 (b), the thrust displacement between two rollers of the roller-couple is one of major factor of causing wire twisting during rolling. In this case, as shown in Fig.19 (a), if these two rollers (101a, 101b) are precisely positioned, the distance line (U1, U2) between the inner surfaces of the grooves (161a, 161b) of said two rollers trough the center (O) of the sizing pass (161c) becomes uniform, thereby providing uniform compression against the work material. Therefore, the twisting of the work material becomes to be difficult to occur since the twisting torque against the work material is suppressed.
- Such adjustment of the two rollers in the trust direction can be performed by using said roller thrust adjusting mechanism, and the thrust displacement in these two rollers can be dissolved by an adjustment of the position of each roller (thrust adjustment, hereinafter). On the other hand, such roller displacement in the thrust direction may causes an irregularity of the cross sectional shape of the resulting wire. However, aforementioned thrust adjustment of the rollers can simultaneously dissolve such problem. Furthermore, even if the surface accuracy of the sizing pass is not very high, a designated revel of the dimensional accuracy of the wire can be secured by such thrust adjustment.
- The roller thrust adjusting mechanism can be constructed so as to comprise a fixed bearing portion which is provided for at least one of the two rollers and holds the roller shaft rotatively and movably in its thrust direction, and a roller sliding mechanism which is connected to one end portion of the roller shaft and slides the roller shaft against the bearing portion in the thrust direction.
- The roller sliding mechanism can comprise a shaft holder to which the end portion of the roller shaft is connected and which is movable integrally with the roller shaft in the thrust direction, adjusting screw mechanism which is connected to the shaft holder directly or indirectly with other member and moves the shaft holder in the thrust direction according to its screwing or unscrewing operation. According to the operation of such adjusting screw mechanism, said thrust adjustment of the rollers can be easily performed.
- A further specified configuration can be constructed as follows. The bearing portion comprises a bearing main body which has a through hole as a bearing hole in the direction of the roller shaft and rotatively supports the one end portion of the roller shaft in the through hole. The shaft holder is movable in the through hole with the roller shaft in the thrust direction. The shaft holder has a shaft-like protruding portion which extends along the axial direction of the roller shaft in the through hole and the end portion of which protrudes outside from the corresponding opening of the through hole. On the inner side of the through hole, a female threaded portion is formed on the end portion thereof leading to the opening. A male screw member is screwed on the female threaded portion in a position corresponding to the intermediary part of the shaft-like protruding portion. A stopper is mounted on the shaft-like protruding portion for preventing the male screw member from its relative moving against the shaft-like protruding portion in the axial direction thereof. The adjusting screw mechanism moves the shaft holder and the roller shaft in the thrust direction along with the male screw member according to the rotation of the male screw member. The adjusting screw mechanism becomes compact according to this configuration.
- In the accompanying drawings:
- Fig.1 is a perspective view presenting the main part of one embodiment of the apparatus of this invention;
- Fig.2 is a schematic view presenting the cross sectional shape of the sizing passes of the first and the second roller couples;
- Fig.3 is a top view presenting the main part of one embodiment of the apparatus of this invention;
- Fig.4 is a cross sectional side view presenting one embodiment of the apparatus of this invention;
- Fig.5 is a schematic top view presenting the bearing rotation mechanism in Fig.4;
- Fig.6 is a cross sectional side view of the first roller stand;
- Fig.7 is a front view presenting the arrangement of the bearing main body and the worm rotating shaft;
- Fig.8 is a schematic side view of Fig.7;
- Fig.9 is a schematic top view presenting the states of the first roller-couple for rolling wires with various diameters;
- Fig.10 is a schematic view presenting several modifications of the shape of the sizing pass;
- Fig.11 is a schematic view presenting other example of the change in the cross sectional profile of work material;
- Fig.12 is a top view conceptually presenting an apparatus comprising a plurality of roller-couple units;
- Fig.13 is a schematic view presenting several examples of the change in the cross sectional profile of work material according to a successive rolling by the plural roller-couple units;
- Fig.14 is a perspective view presenting the main part of an embodiment of the apparatus having flat rollers;
- Fig.15 is a figure explaining the function of the first and second roller-couples in Fig.14;
- Fig.16 is a cross sectional side view of an apparatus equipped with a roller thrust adjusting mechanism;
- Fig.17 is a figure explaining the function of the roller thrust adjusting mechanism;
- Fig.18 is an another figure explaining the function of the roller thrust adjusting mechanism;
- Fig.19 is a figure explaining the influence of thrust displacement of the rollers upon the work material;
- Fig.20 is a sectional view conceptually presenting one embodiment of a hot-rolling line for wire production;
- Fig.21 is a schematic view of a shot-blasting device;
- Fig.22 is a figure presenting a main part of an example of resistance-heating device with along the function thereof;
- Fig.23 is a schematic view presenting an example of a heating device comprising movable roller electrode
- Fig.24 is a figure explaining the function of the heating device in Fig.23;
- Fig.25 is a figure of an induction heating device;
- Fig.26 is a side view conceptually presenting a rolling apparatus equipped with a distributor and a reduction gear mechanism;
- Fig.27 is a schematic view presenting the reduction gear mechanism;
- Fig.28 is a figure explaining the method to change the inter-stand reduction ratio;
- Fig.29 is a figure presenting how the inter-stand reduction ratios of plural roller-couple units are changed synchronously;
- Fig.30 is a figure explaining how the wire twisting occurs;
- Fig.31 is a figure presenting how the wire diameter is varied by changing in the roller-spacing.
- Several embodiments of this invention will now be described with reference to drawings.
- Fig.1 presents the main part of one embodiment of the apparatus regarding this invention for manufacturing wire by metal rolling process ("rolling apparatus", hereinafter). In the rolling
apparatus 1, a first roller stand (horizontal stand) 12 comprising a first roller-couple couple first roller stand 12 on the downstream thereof along the feeding passage of work material A1 so that the roller axes is almost horizontal. These roller stands 12 and 14 construct a roller-couple unit S1. The angle between the roller axes of adjacent roller-couples - As shown in Fig.2, the roller-
couples surfaces grooves respective rolling surfaces grooves grooves couple oval sizing pass 161c is formed as the combination of thegrooves couple circular sizing pass 162c is formed as the combination of thegrooves - As is shown in Fig.3, the center distance L between the first and the second stands 12 and 14 is less than 50 mm, and the ratio of L/d, where d is the outer diameter of the
rollers - Fig.4 is a cross sectional side view of the first and the second roller stands 12 and 14. These two roller stands 12 and 14 have almost the same configurations except for the direction of the roller axes. Therefore, the detailed description is presented only for the
first roller stand 12, and the same portions or the members of thesecond roller stand 14 are indexed with the same numerals as those for the first one. - In the
first roller stand 12, a pair of bearingcasings 24 are arranged on both sides of the feeding passage (or pass line) PL of the work material A1. Each bearingcasing 24 has a bearingaccomodating hole 24a formed along the direction intersecting with the pass line PL. Each bearingaccomodating hole 24a rotatively accommodates a bearingmain body 26 wherein a throughhole 26a as a bearing hole is eccentrically formed. In these throughhole 26a, both end portions of aroller shaft 28 are rotatively supported by abearing 30, respectively. On the intermediary portion of theroller shaft 28, aroller 101a (or 101b: represented by 101a, hereinafter) is integrally mounted. As shown in Fig.5 (a), the axis C1 of theroller shaft 28 is located deviating from the axis C2 of the bearingmain body 26 at a designated distance. The axes C1 forrollers main bodies 26 according to the mechanism described later on. - As shown in Fig.4, on the upstream of the
roller shaft 28, a pair ofworm rotating shaft 32 are arranged in a direction crossing over theroller shaft 28. Theworm rotating shaft 32 is provided on each side with respect to the first roller-couple worms 34 are integrally mounted thereon corresponding to upper and lower bearingmain bodies 26 and engage with thegear portions 26b formed on the circumferences of the corresponding bearingmain bodies 26, respectively (see also Fig.8). As shown in Fig.5, the direction of threads of the twoworms 34 on eachworm rotating shaft 32 are opposite each other. On the other hand, as shown in Fig.7, the threads ofworms 34 corresponding to both end portions of thesame roller shaft 28 are formed in the same direction. - As shown in Fig.7 and Fig.8, on the corresponding end portions of two
worm rotating shaft worm rotating shafts 32, respectively. These gears 36 engage with anadjusting gear 38 which is rotatively mounted on the bearingcasing 24. The adjustinggear 38 is rotated by an unillustrated driving means, such as a motor, whereby said twoworm rotating shafts main bodies 26 rotate around the axis C2 through correspondingworms 34, and the upper andlower roller shafts roller shafts rollers - As shown in Fig.4, there is no
worm rotating shaft 32 as a bearing rotating mechanism is located downstream of the bearingcasing 24, where theroller shaft 28 is eccentrically arranged, so that the thickness of thefirst roller stand 12 is decreased on that side. The thickness of the second roller stand 14 located upstream of the bearingcasing 24 is also decreased due to the same reason. Since these twostands couples - Now, the operation of the rolling
apparatus 1 is going to be explained in the following. As is shown in Fig.1, the work material A1 having a circular cross section with a diameter D0 is introduced to thefirst roller stand 12 and rolled in the sizingpass 161c so that the shape of the cross section becomes oval as shown in Fig.2 (a). After that, as shown in Fig.2 (b), work material A1 is fed to the second roller stand 14 (Fig.1) and rolled in the sizingpass 162c so that the shape of the cross section becomes circular. Thus, the cross section of the work material A1 successively decreases with alternately varying the shape thereof as circular - oval - circular as shown in Fig.2 (c). The work material A1 is rolled in thefirst roller stand 12 so that the cross sectional dimension thereof in a direction of rolling reduction, D1 (corresponding to the short axis of oval), becomes shorter than that in a direction perpendicular to the direction of rolling reduction, D2 (corresponding to the long axis of oval). Then, in thesecond roller stand 14, since the direction of rolling-compression is changed by 90°, the work material A1 is rolled so that the ratio of the dimensions, D2/D1, is decreased (i.e., (D2/D1) > (D2'/D1'), where D1' and D2' are corresponding dimensions after rolling). - Since the first and the
second roller stand couples first stand 12 can be precisely supplied to thesecond one 14 causing no twisting of itself without any aid of roller guides. The final diameter of produced wire W2 is preferably set in a range of 1.30 - 5.40 mm for achieving high dimensional accuracy of the wire and for suppressing the frequency of the faults in the resulting wire, whereby the superiority in wire productivity to the conventional method such as the metal drawing process becomes very significant. For this purpose, the width W1 of thegrooves grooves - The roller spacing can be changed in such way as follows (explained according to an example for the
first roller stand 12, representatively). As shown in Fig.9, when the work material A1 is switched to that having a larger cross sectional dimension, A2, the roller-couple ones 101a',101b' with wider width ofgrooves worm rotating shafts gears 36 and theadjusting gear 38. Then, as shown in Fig.5 (a) and (b), the bearingmain bodies 26 rotate around the axis C2, the upper and thelower roller shafts main bodies 26, whereby the roller clearance is adjusted. The roller-couples can be driven independently by corresponding motors for the adjustment of said clearance. - The combination of the sizing passes 161c and 162c is not limited to the oval-circular one. Fig.10 presents an example of combination of rhombic and square sizing passes 161c and 162c. The work material is to be rolled into wire A2 having a square cross section. Furthermore, according to the choice of combination of sizing passes 161c and 162c presented in Fig.11, the work material A2 can be rolled successively changing the cross section as square-oval-circular, and so on.
- As shown in Fig.12, the wire A2 rolled in the first roller-couple unit S1 can be further rolled into wire A3 having a smaller diameter by using another similarly constructed roller-couple unit S2 which comprises roller stands 212 and 214 having smaller sizing passes and is arranged adjacently to the first one S1 on the downstream thereof. For performing further many steps of successive rolling, more than three roller-couple units can be arranged in a series along the work feeding direction. In this case, the plural roller-couples are alternately arranged so that the angle between the roller axes of adjacent roller-couples is almost 90°.
- In the case of using a plurality of roller-couple units, although the same combination of the sizing passes can be used for all roller-couple units, different combinations can be also used for each roller-couple unit. Fig.13 presents several example of using two roller-couple units. Fig.13 (a) and (b) are examples of using the same combinations for each units, such as oval-circular or rhombic-rhombic. Fig.13 (c) presents an example of using different combinations such as rectangular-square for the upstream unit S1 and oval-circular for the downstream unit S2.
- As is shown in Fig.14, the wire may by produced by using first and second roller-
couples flat rolling surfaces rollers surfaces rollers surfaces - In such construction of the apparatus, as shown in Fig.15, the work material A1 is deformed to be a rectangular cross sectional one due to the compression between the
rollers rollers - An example of roller thrust adjusting mechanism will now be explained according to an example for
roller 101a in Fig.4. As shown in Fig.16, the rollerthrust adjusting mechanism 170 is constructed so as to comprise a fixed bearing portion (or a bearing) 30 which holds theroller shaft 28 rotatively and movably in its thrust direction, and aroller sliding mechanism 171 which is connected to one end portion of theroller shaft 28 and slides theroller shaft 28 to the bearingportion 30 in the thrust direction. - The roller sliding 171 mechanism comprises a
shaft holder 172 to which the end portion of theroller shaft 28 is connected and which is movable integrally with theroller shaft 28 in the thrust direction, and an adjustingscrew mechanism 173 which is connected to theshaft holder 172 and moves theshaft holder 172 in the thrust direction according to its screwing or unscrewing operation. Theshaft holder 172 comprises abearing 174, asleeve 175, a holdermain body 176, and so on. Thebearing 174 is engaged with an annular groove 28a which is formed on the circumferential surface of one end portion of theroller shaft 28, and held by thesleeve 175 from outside which is provided slidable in the throughhole 26a in its axial direction. Furthermore, annular rib 175a is formed protruding from the inner surface of thesleeve 175 on one end portion thereof and engages with the edge portion of the end surface of thebearing 174. - On the inner surface of the
sleeve 175, a female threaded portion 175b is formed in opposition to the rib 175a with respect to thebearing 174. The holdermain body 176 connected with thesleeve 175 from inside by means of the male threaded portion 176a which is formed on its circumferential surface and is screwed in said female threaded portion 175b. Thebearing 174 is clumped between the rib 175a and the holdermain body 176, thereby prevented from loosening in the thrust direction. Theroller shaft 28 is slidable integrally with theshaft holder 172 comprising said portion and members 174 - 176 so as to be able to rotate by means of bearing 174. - A shaft-like protruding
portion 177 is integrally formed on the end surface of the holdermain body 176. Thisportion 177 extends along the axial direction of theroller shaft 28 in the throughhole 26a, and the end portion thereof protrudes outside from thecorresponding opening 26b of the throughhole 26a. On the inner side of the throughhole 26a, a female threadedportion 26c is formed on the end portion thereof leading to theopening 26b. Amale screw member 178 is screwed on the female threadedportion 26c in a position corresponding to the intermediary part of the shaft-like protrudingportion 177. Themale screw member 178 has a through hole 178a wherein the shaft-like protrudingportion 177 is extending in its axial direction, and is rotatably held around theportion 177. These female threadedportion 26c and themale screw member 178 constructs said adjustingscrew mechanism 173. - The end surface of the
male screw member 178 is contacting with the edge portion of corresponding end surface of the holdermain body 176. On the other hand, the opposite end surface of themale screw member 178 is contacting with anut 179 screwed on the male thread 177a formed on the outer surface of the protrudingportion 177. These holdermain body 176 andnut 179 function as a stopper for preventing themale screw member 178 from its relative movement to the shaft-like protrudingportion 177 in the axial direction thereof. On the other hand, alock nut 180 is screwed on themale screw member 178 and secured toward the bearingmain body 26 for preventing themale screw member 178 from loosening. Furthermore, thenut 179 also functions as a lock nut for themale screw member 178. - The adjusting
screw mechanism 173 is operated in the following manner for the thrust adjustment of theroller 101a. As shown in Fig.17 (a), for the roller needed to be adjusted (represented by theroller 101a), thelock nut 180 is loosened, and subsequently thenut 179 is loosened so as not to occur an excess loosening thereof in the axial direction. In the case of moving theroller 101a toward the adjusting screw mechanism 173 (right on the figure), themale screw member 178 is rotated so as to move to right on the figure as shown in Fig.17 (b). Themale screw member 178 urges theshaft holder 172 and theroller shaft 28 through thenut 179 and moves them integrally to the right. When the new position of theroller 101a is determined, thelock nut 180 and thenut 179 are successively secured in this order, and the operation of the adjustment is to be finished. On the other hand, in the case of moving theroller 101a leaving from the adjusting screw mechanism 173 (left on the figure), themale screw member 178 is reversely rotated. As shown in Fig.18, themale screw member 178 urges theshaft holder 172 and theroller shaft 28 through the holdermain body 176, and moves them integrally to the left. When the new position of theroller 101a is determined, thelock nut 180 and thenut 179 are successively secured in this order. - In the case of using work-difficult materials, such as high speed tool steels, stainless steels, high alloy steel or Ti-Ni based shape memory alloys, it is advantageous to elevate the rolling temperature for decreasing the deformation resistance, whereby improving the productivity of wire. Therefore, the work material can be heated rolling in the
first roller stand 12. As is shown in Fig.3, the work material can be heated by a heating device which compriseselectrodes electric power unit 72 through theelectrode - Fig. 20 presents one of preferable embodiments of hot-rolling
line 401 for the wire production. Thisline 401 comprises anuncoiler 2 for drawing the work material A1, such as of a high speed tool steel or a stainless steel, from the coil thereof. The work material A1 drawn off by theuncoiler 2 is fed to ascale removing device 4 via aroller leveling device 3. - The scale-removing
device 4 is constructed as a shot-blasting device. As shown in Fig.21, thisdevice 4 removes the scale from the work material A1 by blasting a flow ofabrasive particles 114b fromrotary nozzles 114a onto the surface of the work material A1. Theabrasive particles 114b is collected at the bottom of thehousing 114c, elevated by abucket conveyor 114d, and then mixed with a gas flow from an unillustrated source, such as a blower, and then supplied to therotary nozzles 114a again. - As shown in Fig.20, the work material A1 after the removal of the scale is fed to the
heating device 5. As shown in Fig.22, theheating device 5 comprises first and second water cooledroller electrodes second air cylinders roller electrodes grooves 51a-54a are formed, respectively, for guiding the transportation of the work material A1. The cross sections ofgrooves 51a-54a are formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the work material A1, for example in a semicircular shape for a work material A1 having circular cross section. - As is shown in Fig.20, the work material A1 heated by the
heating device 5 is rolled by the rolling mill 6 (or the rolling apparatus), cooled in a water-coolingdevice 7, and then wound in a coil by acoiler 8. In the rollingmill 6, a plurality of aforementioned roller-couple units S are arranged along the direction of material feeding. The distance K between theheating device 5 and the rollingmill 6 is set to be less than 4 m, where K is defined as the distance from thesecond roller electrodes - Now, the operation of the hot rolling line 40 is going to be explained in the following. After leaving the
roller levering device 3, the work material A1 is removed the scale in the shot-blastingdevice 4, and resistance-heated between the first and thesecond roller electrodes electrodes - Since the scale is preliminarily removed from the surface of the work material A1 by using the shot-blasting
device 4, the contact between the work material A1 and the electrodes 51-54 becomes more reliable, whereby spark generation is suppressed therebetween. Furthermore, since thegrooves 51a-54a is formed corresponding to the cross sectional shape of the work material A1, the spark generation due to imperfect contact is prevented more effectively. When the cross section of the work material A1 is circular with a diameter of D0, the radius R of the semicircular cross section of thegrooves 51a-54a is preferably in the range of 1.05×(D0/2) ≤ R ≤ 5.0×(D0/2) for preventing the spark generation. - When the work material A1 is heated over 1000°C, the deformation resistance of the material becomes considerably low, so that the urging pressure from the
second roller electrodes first roller electrodes - The
heating device 5 can be constructed so that at least one of first andsecond electrodes electrodes - In the embodiment presented in Fig.23, the
rollers rollers electrode holders motors electrode holders air cylinders - The work material A1 from the scale removing device 4 (Fig.20) is fed to the
heating device 5 at a rate v. As shown in Fig.24, electric current is started to be supplied to the work material A1 when the tip end portion thereof is protruded from thesecond roller electrodes roller electrodes electrodes heating device 5, next the part of length l1 without being resistance-heated and following insufficiently heated part of length l2, i.e., l1+l2 in total, are cut off by an unillustrated cutting device, and then the rest of the work material is supplied to the rollingmill 6. - On the other hand, when the length of the rest of the work material A1 becomes said l1+l2, the
air cylinder 123 starts to move thefirst roller electrodes cylinder 123stops moving electrodes - Instead of resistance-heating device, the work material A1 can be heated by means of an induction heating device. In this case, the
scale removing device 4 and resistance-heating device 5 in Fig.20 is substituted with aninduction heating device 44 as shown in Fig.25. Theinduction heating device 44 is formed in a tunnel-like configuration having an entrance 44a and anexit 44b, and comprises aninduction heating coil 44c. The work material A1 entered therein from the entrance 44a is continuously heated by theinduction heating coil 44c and runs out from theexit 44b. In this case, if the distance from theexit 44b to the rollingmill 6 is set to be less than 4 m, the cooling of the work material A1 can be effectively suppressed. - Now, an example of rolling apparatus whose roller-couples are driven by a common driving means will be conceptually described in the following. As shown in Fig.26, the roller couples 101,102 of the unit S1 and the roller-couples 201,202 of the stand S2 is driven by a
motor 252 as said common driving means through adistributor 250 and reduction gear mechanisms 253-256 each of which corresponds to each said roller-couple. The rotation of themotor 252 is reduced at each reduction gear mechanism 253-256 according to a designated reduction ratio and transmitted to corresponding roller couple 101,102,201,202 through thedistributor 250. - Fig.27 schematically presents the reduction gear mechanisms 253,254 for the upstream roller stand S1. The
reduction gear mechanism 253 comprises plural gears J1-J3 (tooth numbers are N1-N3, respectively) which are secured on a drivingshaft 300 driven by themotor 252, and plural gears K1-K3 (tooth numbers are M1-M3, respectively) which are secured on a transmittingshaft 301 for the roller-couple 101 and engage directly or indirectly through other gears with said gears J1-J3, respectively. According to a relative sliding between the drivingshaft 300 and the transmittingshaft 301, one of the gears K1-K3 is to be engages with corresponding one of the gears J1-J3. The rotation of themotor 252 is thus reduced according to the reduction gear ratio Q1 which is determined as the tooth number ratio of the engaging gears (N1/M1 in Fig.27), whereby the rotation rate R1 of the roller-couple 101 is to be determined to a corresponding value. - The
reduction gear mechanism 254 comprises plural gears J4-J6 (tooth numbers are N4-N6, respectively) which are secured on a drivingshaft 302 driven by themotor 252, and plural gears K4-K6 (tooth numbers are M4-M6, respectively) which are secured on a transmittingshaft 303 for the roller-couple 102 and engage directly or indirectly through other gears with said gears J4-J6, respectively. According to a relative sliding between the drivingshaft 302 and transmittingshaft 303, one of the gears K4-K6 is to be engaged with corresponding one of the gears J4-J6. The rotation of themotor 252 is thus reduced according to the reduction gear ratio Q2 which is determined by the tooth number ratio of the engaging gears (N4/M4 in Fig.27), whereby the rotation rate R2 of the roller-couple 102 is to be determined to a corresponding value. - As is shown in Fig.29, the reduction mechanisms 255,256 has almost the same construction as those of said mechanisms 253,254, except for the reduction ratios. The former one 255 comprises gears J7-J9 on a driving
shaft 304 and gears K7-K9 on a transmittingshaft 305, and the latter one 256 comprises gears J10-J12 on a drivingshaft 306 and gears K10-K12 on a transmittingshaft 307. - For example, in the roller stands S1 and S2, the inter-stand reduction ratio Q1/Q2, i.e., the ratio of the roller rotation rate R1/R2 between the first and the second roller-
couples couple 101 than for the second one 102, so that Q1>Q2. Therefore, the inter-stand reduction ratio Q1/Q2 decreases with decreasing the rotation rate R2 of thesecond one 102. As shown in Fig.28, the inter-stand reduction ratio Q1/Q2 can be changed, for example, by changing the reduction gear ratio Q2 for the second roller-couple 102 (N4/M4 → N5/M5, for example) while fixing the reduction gear ratio Q1 for the first roller-couple 101 to a designated value (N1/M1, for example). Furthermore, as shown in Fig.29, when the inter-stand reduction ratio Q1/Q2 of the roller-couple unit S1 is changed to Q1'/Q2', the ratio Q3/Q4 of the roller-couple unit S2 is synchronously changed to Q3'/Q4'. - Now, the operation of the rolling apparatus described above is going to be explained in the following. First of all, as shown in Fig.29, the inter-stand reduction ratios are set to designated values for the first and the second roller-couple units S1 and S2, respectively. The probability of occurrence of wire twisting specifically depends upon the torsional rigidity of the work material. For example, as is shown in Fig.30 (a), when the rolling reduction is increased for the first roller-
couple couples - Such twisting can be effectively suppressed by decreasing the rolling reduction for the work material having a low torsional rigidity as shown in Fig.30 (b). In this case, the decrease in the rolling reduction at the first roller-couple causes a decrease in the reduction of area achieved thereat, so that the feeding rate of the work material A1 from the first roller-couple, i.e., that to the second roller-couple should be also decreased. Therefore, under an assumption that the rotation rate for the first roller couple is constant, the inter-stand reduction ratios Q1/Q2 and Q3/Q4 are to be set in a smaller values for a work material A1 having smaller torsional rigidity.
- On the other hand, by using such construction of the rolling apparatus, the diameter of the wire produced can be easily changed. In the roller-couple units S1 and S2, the rolling reduction against the work material A1 varies according to the change in roller clearance. Fig.31 presents an example for the unit S1, where the roller clearance of the roller-
couple first stand 12 increases in the order of (a), (b), (c). The rolling reduction P1 for the working material A1 decreases in this order with decreasing the axial ratio of the oval cross section of the work material A1 after rolling. Therefore, the rolling reduction P2 in thesecond stand 14 for rolling the work material A1 in a circular cross section should be decreased in this order and the roller clearance of the roller-couple - For example, when the rolling reduction P1 is increased for the first roller-
couple - On the other hand, when the rolling reduction P1 exceeds 20%, the rotation rate of the second roller-couple can be increased with the increase in the feeding rate of the work material A1 for the second roller-couple for maintaining the rolling condition in a optimum state. Such change in the rotation rate of roller-couples can be performed by varying the inter-stand reduction ratios Q1/Q2 and Q3/Q4. For maintaining the optimum rolling condition, the configurations, i.e., the shapes and/or sizes of sizing passes of the first and the second roller-couples are preferably changed according to the value of said total rolling reduction against said work material A1. The total rolling reduction in each roller-couple unit can be varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material A1 is up to 40 %.
Claims (33)
- A method for manufacturing wire by hot-rolling work material comprising the steps of:continuously removing scale formed on work material in continuous feeding by using a scale-removing device arranged on the passage of said work feeding;heating said work material after the removal of said scale by using a heating device which comprises an electrode contacting with said work material allowing the continuous feeding thereof and sending electric current into said work material through said electrode for resistance-heating of said work material;rolling heated work material by using a rolling mill so that resulting diameter of wire is less than 5.5 mm;wherein said rolling mill comprises a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in the feeding direction of said work material and successively roll said work material in different directions each other;
and wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple. - A method for manufacturing wire by hot-rolling work material comprising the steps of:heating said work material in continuous feeding by using a heating device which is arranged on the passage of said feeding and comprises an induction heating coil for continuously heating said work material;rolling heated work material by using a rolling mill so that the resulting diameter of the wire is less than 5.5 mm;wherein said rolling mill comprises a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in the feeding direction of said work material and successively roll said work material in different directions each other,
and wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after rolling by said second roller-couple. - The method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the distance between said heating device and said rolling mill is less than 4 m.
- A method for manufacturing wire by rolling work material successively with a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of said work material and roll said work material in different directions each other,
wherein rolling reduction against said work material by each roller-couple is varied according to the variety of said work material, and the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates of said first and second roller-couples, respectively, is adjusted according to said rolling reduction.
wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after rolling by said second roller-couple;
and wherein said work material is rolled so that the resulting diameter of wire obtained is less than 5.5 mm. - The method according to claim 4 wherein said rolling reduction and said ratio R1/R2 are varied according to the torsional rigidity of said work material.
- A method for manufacturing wire by rolling work material successively with a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of said work material and roll said work material in different directions each other,
wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple;
and wherein resulting diameter of wire is varied in a designated range by changing the rolling reductions in said first and second roller-couples against said work material in a corresponding range. - The method according to claim 6 wherein the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates in said first and second roller-couples, respectively, is fixed in a designated value,
and wherein total rolling reduction against said work material by said first and second roller-couples are varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material is within 10 %. - The method according to claim 6 wherein total rolling reduction against said work material by said first and second roller-couples are varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material is within 40 %;
and wherein the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates of said first and second roller-couple, respectively, is varied according to the value of said total rolling reduction against said work material. - The method according to claim 8 wherein shapes and/or sizes of sizing pass of said first and second roller-couples are changed according to the value of said total rolling reduction against said work material.
- An apparatus for manufacturing wire comprising;a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of work material and roll successively said work material in different directions each other;wherein each of said first and second roller-couples comprises two rollers having grooves on the circumferential surface thereof for forming a sizing pass which determines cross sectional shape of said wire;
wherein the width of said grooves are less than 7 mm for said first roller-couple;
wherein the width of said grooves are less than 6 mm for said second roller-couple;
and wherein the center distance between said first and second roller-couples is less than 50 mm. - An apparatus for manufacturing wire comprising;a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of work material and roll successively said work material in different directions each other ;wherein clearance formed between two rollers is less than 7 mm for said first roller-couple;
wherein clearance formed between two rollers is less than 6 mm for said second roller-couple;
and wherein the center distance between said first and second roller-couples is less than 50 mm. - The apparatus according to claim 10 or 11 wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged alternatingly so that the angle between the rotation axes thereof are almost 90°;
wherein said first roller-couple rolls said work material so that the cross sectional dimension of said work material in a direction of rolling reduction, D1, becomes less than that in a direction perpendicular to said direction of rolling reduction, D2;
and wherein said second roller-couple rolls said work material so that the ratio of said dimensions, D2/D1, is decreased. - The apparatus according to one of claims 10-12 wherein each of said first and second roller-couples is accompanied with a roller-clearance adjusting mechanism which moves two rollers of each roller-couple relatively to and from each other in the direction of rolling reduction;
and wherein each said roller-clearance adjusting mechanism comprises;bearing portions which rotatively support the shafts of said two rollers, respectively;and a bearing rotation mechanism which rotates each said bearing portion around an eccentric axis deviated from a corresponding roller axis in opposite direction, respectively, thereby moving said two rollers relatively to and from each other. - The apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said bearing rotation mechanism for said first roller-couple is arranged upstream of said first roller-couple, and said bearing rotation mechanism for said second roller-couple is arranged downstream of said second roller-couple.
- The apparatus according to claim 14 wherein said bearing rotation mechanism comprises;first gear portions which are formed on the circumferences of said bearing portions of said two rollers, respectively;second gear portions each of which engages with corresponding said first gear portion;and a driving mechanism which rotates said second gear portions synchronously in opposite directions each other.
- The apparatus according to claim 15 wherein said second gear portions are worms which are axially arranged on a worm rotating shaft at an designated intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof and whose threads are formed in opposite directions each other;
and wherein said driving mechanism drives said worm rotating shaft thereby rotating said worms integrally. - The apparatus according to claim 16 wherein said bearing portion comprises;bearing casings which are arranged corresponding to both end portions of a roller shaft and each of which has a bearing accommodating hole extending along said roller shaft;bearing main bodies each of which is accommodated in each said bearing accommodating hole;wherein a bearing hole is formed in each said bearing main body so that the center of said bearing hole is deviated from the rotation axis of said bearing main body, and each end portion of said roller shaft is rotatively supported in said bearing hole;
and wherein said bearing main body has said first gear portion on its circumference and is rotated by said worm engaged with said first gear portion around an eccentric axis deviated from the rotation axis of said roller. - The apparatus according to claim 17 wherein said bearing hole of said first roller-couple is formed in said bearing main body deviated from its rotation axis in the downstream, and said bearing hole of said second roller-couple is formed in said bearing main body deviated from its rotation axis in the upstream.
- The apparatus according to one of claims 10-18 wherein at least one of said first and second roller-couples is equipped with a roller thrust adjusting mechanism which moves said two rollers relatively in the thrust direction thereof and hold said two rollers at an arbitrary positions in said thrust direction.
- The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein said roller thrust adjusting mechanism comprises;a fixed bearing portion which is provided for at least one of said two rollers and hold the roller shaft rotatively and movably in its thrust direction;and a roller sliding mechanism which is connected to one end portion of said roller shaft and slides said roller shaft against said bearing portion in said thrust direction.
- The apparatus according to claim 20 wherein said roller sliding mechanism comprises;a shaft holder to which said end portion of said roller shaft is connected and which is movable integrally with said roller shaft in said thrust direction;adjusting screw mechanism which is connected to said shaft holder directly or indirectly with other member and moves said shaft holder in said thrust direction according to its screwing or unscrewing operation.
- The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein said bearing portion comprises a bearing main body which has a through hole as a bearing hole in the direction of said roller shaft and rotatively supports said one end portion of said roller shaft in said through hole;
wherein said shaft holder is movable in said through hole with said roller shaft in said thrust direction;
wherein said shaft holder has a shaft-like protruding portion which extends along the axial direction of said roller shaft in said through hole and the end portion of which protrudes outside from the corresponding opening of said through hole;
wherein on the inner side of said through hole, a female threaded portion is formed on the end portion thereof leading to said opening;
wherein a male screw member is screwed on said female threaded portion in a position corresponding to the intermediary part of said shaft-like protruding portion;
wherein a stopper is mounted on said shaft-like protruding portion for preventing said male screw member from its relative movement against said shaft-like protruding portion in the axial direction thereof;
and wherein said adjusting screw mechanism moves said shaft holder and said roller shaft in said thrust direction along with said male screw member according to the rotation of said male screw member. - An apparatus for manufacturing wire comprising;a scale-removing device which is arranged on the passage of feeding of work material and continuously removes the scale formed on said work material in continuous feeding;a heating device for heating said work material after the removal of said scale comprising an electrode contacting with said work material allowing the feeding thereof and sending electric current into said work material through said electrode for resistance-heating said work material;a rolling mill which comprises a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in the direction of work material transportation and roll said work material successively in different directions each other so that L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple.
- The apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said scale-removing device comprises a shot-blasting device which removes said scale by blasting a flow of abrasive particles onto the surface of said work material in continuous feeding.
- The apparatus according to claim 23 or 24 wherein said heating device comprises;a roller electrode which contacts with said work material and sends electric current into said work material for its resistance-heating;and an urging mechanism which urges said roller electrode against said work material.
- An apparatus for manufacturing wire comprising;a heating device comprising an induction heating coil for heating work material in continuous feeding which is arranged on the way of said feeding;a rolling mill which comprises a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in the feeding direction of said work material and roll said work material successively in different directions each other so that L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is the wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple.
- The apparatus according to one of claims 23-26 wherein the distance between said heating device and said rolling mill is less than 4 m.
- An apparatus for manufacturing wire by rolling work material successively with a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of said work material and roll said work material in different directions each other,
wherein rolling reduction against said work material by each roller-couple is varied according to the variety of said work material, and the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates in said first and second roller-couples, respectively, is adjusted according to said rolling reduction.
wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is a wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple;
and wherein said work material is rolled so that the resulting diameter of wire is less than 5.5 mm. - An apparatus for manufacturing wire by rolling work material successively with a first roller-couple and a second roller-couple which are arranged adjacently in a feeding direction of said work material and roll said work material in different directions each other,
wherein said first and second roller-couples are arranged so that the ratio of L/D is less than 30, where L is the center distance between said first and second roller-couples, and D is a wire diameter obtained after the rolling by said second roller-couple;
and wherein resulting wire diameter is varied in a designated range by changing the rolling reductions in said first and second roller-couples against said work material in a corresponding range. - The apparatus according to claim 29 wherein the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates in said first and second roller-couple, respectively, is fixed in a designated value,
and wherein total rolling reduction against said work material by said first and second roller-couples are varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material is within 10 %. - The apparatus according to claim 29 wherein total rolling reduction against said work material by said first and second roller-couples are varied so that resulting change in the reduction of area of said work material is within 40 %;
and wherein the ratio, R1/R2, where R1 and R2 are roller-rotation rates in said first and second roller-couple, respectively, is varied according to the value of said total rolling reduction against said work material. - The apparatus according to claim 28 or 31 wherein said first and second roller-couples are driven by a common driving means through a first and a second reduction gear systems, respectively;
and wherein the inter-stand reduction ratio, Q1/Q2, where Q1 is the reduction gear ratio of said first reduction gear system and Q2 is the reduction gear ratio of said second reduction gear system, is varied for changing said ratio, R1/R2. - The apparatus according to claim 32 wherein a plurality of roller-couple units each of which comprises said first and second roller-couples are arranged in the feeding direction of said work material, and said work material is successively rolled by said roller-couple units;
wherein said inter-stand reduction ratios Q1/Q2 of said roller-couple units are changed synchronously;
and wherein when said inter-stand reduction ratio is set in a designated value for one of roller-couple unit, the inter-stand reduction ratios for other roller-couple units are also set in corresponding values synchronously.
Applications Claiming Priority (18)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29219995 | 1995-10-14 | ||
JP29219995A JP3552074B2 (en) | 1995-10-14 | 1995-10-14 | Wire rod rolling equipment |
JP292199/95 | 1995-10-14 | ||
JP29220095A JPH09108709A (en) | 1995-10-14 | 1995-10-14 | Rolling machine for wire |
JP292200/95 | 1995-10-14 | ||
JP29220095 | 1995-10-14 | ||
JP353332/95 | 1995-12-29 | ||
JP35333295 | 1995-12-29 | ||
JP35333295A JP3573177B2 (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1995-12-29 | Method and apparatus for hot rolling wire |
JP148322/96 | 1996-05-17 | ||
JP14832296A JP3564870B2 (en) | 1996-05-17 | 1996-05-17 | Wire rod rolling equipment |
JP14832296 | 1996-05-17 | ||
JP211984/96 | 1996-07-22 | ||
JP21198496 | 1996-07-22 | ||
JP21198496A JP3565300B2 (en) | 1996-07-22 | 1996-07-22 | Wire rod rolling method and apparatus |
JP8274134A JPH1094812A (en) | 1996-09-24 | 1996-09-24 | Method and device for rolling wire |
JP27413496 | 1996-09-24 | ||
JP274134/96 | 1996-09-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0768124A2 true EP0768124A2 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
EP0768124A3 EP0768124A3 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
EP0768124B1 EP0768124B1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
Family
ID=27553039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19960116446 Expired - Lifetime EP0768124B1 (en) | 1995-10-14 | 1996-10-14 | A method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0768124B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2187720C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69631272T2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0933145A2 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-04 | Morgan Construction Company | Optional multi-ratio gear transmission system |
EP1181990A2 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-27 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Reversible guideless rolling mill |
EP1338350A2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-08-27 | SMS Meer GmbH | Rolling train for the rolling of wire and small sections |
CN102240684A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-16 | 东莞市科力钢铁线材有限公司 | Improved vibration husking device |
CN102500730A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 广东亚太不锈钢制品有限公司 | Production method for titanium alloy V-shaped eyeglass edge wire |
CN104662189A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-05-27 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | Super non-magnetic soft stainless steel wire material having excellent cold workability and corrosion resistance, method for manufacturing same, steel wire, steel wire coil, and method for manufacturing same |
WO2017004783A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Rolling mill |
CN114317935A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 黄萍萍 | Wire winding wire cooling and annealing mechanism |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5617104A (en) * | 1979-07-23 | 1981-02-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for rolling bar or rod |
AU643143B2 (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-11-04 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd. | A method of and an apparatus for producing wire |
US5152165A (en) * | 1991-07-11 | 1992-10-06 | Morgan Construction Company | Rolling mill |
DE4207296A1 (en) * | 1992-03-07 | 1993-09-09 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | FINE STEEL / WIRE ROAD |
-
1996
- 1996-10-11 CA CA 2187720 patent/CA2187720C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-14 DE DE1996631272 patent/DE69631272T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-14 EP EP19960116446 patent/EP0768124B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0933145A2 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-04 | Morgan Construction Company | Optional multi-ratio gear transmission system |
EP0933145A3 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2002-01-02 | Morgan Construction Company | Optional multi-ratio gear transmission system |
CN1096896C (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2002-12-25 | 摩根建设公司 | Optional multi-ratio gear transmission system |
EP1181990A2 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-27 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Reversible guideless rolling mill |
EP1181990A3 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2004-11-17 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Reversible guideless rolling mill |
EP1338350A2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-08-27 | SMS Meer GmbH | Rolling train for the rolling of wire and small sections |
DE10207176A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-11 | Sms Meer Gmbh | Rolling line for rolling wire and fine iron |
EP1338350A3 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2004-11-24 | SMS Meer GmbH | Rolling train for the rolling of wire and small sections |
CN102240684A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-16 | 东莞市科力钢铁线材有限公司 | Improved vibration husking device |
CN102240684B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2014-02-12 | 东莞市科力钢铁线材有限公司 | Improved vibration husking device |
CN102500730A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 广东亚太不锈钢制品有限公司 | Production method for titanium alloy V-shaped eyeglass edge wire |
CN104662189A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-05-27 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | Super non-magnetic soft stainless steel wire material having excellent cold workability and corrosion resistance, method for manufacturing same, steel wire, steel wire coil, and method for manufacturing same |
CN104662189B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2017-07-04 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | Cold-workability, the super nonmagnetic soft STAINLESS STEEL WIRE of excellent corrosion resistance and its manufacture method, steel wire, steel wire coil and its manufacture method |
WO2017004783A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Rolling mill |
CN107847998A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-03-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Rolling mill |
US10875064B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2020-12-29 | Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. | Rolling mill |
CN114317935A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 黄萍萍 | Wire winding wire cooling and annealing mechanism |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2187720C (en) | 2005-06-14 |
DE69631272D1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
EP0768124A3 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
CA2187720A1 (en) | 1997-04-15 |
EP0768124B1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
DE69631272T2 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5832765A (en) | Method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire | |
JP2687488B2 (en) | Rolling method for sizing mill and round bar | |
EP0768124B1 (en) | A method and an apparatus for manufacturing wire | |
CN110038921B (en) | Sizing and straightening process for welded steel pipe | |
JP3573177B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for hot rolling wire | |
US3878701A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing rolled metal balls from bars or rods | |
US2099497A (en) | Guide for tube rolling mills | |
US4510787A (en) | Method of manufacturing hollow rods | |
JP2806264B2 (en) | Rolling equipment row of 3 roll mandrel mill | |
EP1554064A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for rolling a tube | |
CN210547005U (en) | Finish machining device for reducing anisotropy of metal material | |
JP3564870B2 (en) | Wire rod rolling equipment | |
EP2335875A1 (en) | Belt grinding machine for processing curved surfaces | |
US20020023471A1 (en) | Reversible guideless rolling mill | |
JP3552074B2 (en) | Wire rod rolling equipment | |
RU2084300C1 (en) | Line for making precise tubes | |
JPH11267703A (en) | Method for continuously cold-rolling small-diameter wire | |
JP3565300B2 (en) | Wire rod rolling method and apparatus | |
DE3401595A1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MOLDING CYLINDRICAL PRODUCTS FROM METAL | |
JP3386001B2 (en) | Rolling method and block rolling machine for round bar products | |
JP2682356B2 (en) | Cold rolling method of steel pipe | |
RU2054980C1 (en) | Method of periodical cold rolling of tubes | |
JPH04224008A (en) | Method and device for manufacturing seamless pipe of medium thickness and thin thickness | |
JPH04284902A (en) | Device for hot-finish-rolling metallic plate and method therefor | |
CN110180896A (en) | A kind of anisotropic precise machining device of reduction metal material and its method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010227 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020411 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69631272 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20040212 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20041008 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20061011 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20061012 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20071014 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080501 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20080630 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20061010 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071014 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071031 |