EP0753879A2 - Anordnungen von Röhren mit induktivem Ausgang - Google Patents
Anordnungen von Röhren mit induktivem Ausgang Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0753879A2 EP0753879A2 EP96304941A EP96304941A EP0753879A2 EP 0753879 A2 EP0753879 A2 EP 0753879A2 EP 96304941 A EP96304941 A EP 96304941A EP 96304941 A EP96304941 A EP 96304941A EP 0753879 A2 EP0753879 A2 EP 0753879A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- arrangement
- cavity
- high frequency
- electron gun
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/04—Tubes having one or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly density modulation, e.g. Heaff tube
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/14—Leading-in arrangements; Seals therefor
- H01J23/15—Means for preventing wave energy leakage structurally associated with tube leading-in arrangements, e.g. filters, chokes, attenuating devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
- H01J23/54—Filtering devices preventing unwanted frequencies or modes to be coupled to, or out of, the interaction circuit; Prevention of high frequency leakage in the environment
Definitions
- This invention relates to inductive output tube arrangements and more particularly to input resonator cavities for such tubes at which high frequency energy is applied.
- An IOT device includes a tube having an electron gun arranged to produce a linear electron beam and a resonant input cavity at which an r.f. signal to be amplified is applied to produce modulation of the beam at a grid of the electron gun.
- the resultant interaction between the r.f. energy and the electron beam produces amplification of the high frequency signal which is then extracted from an output resonant cavity.
- the IOT includes an electron gun 1 which comprises a cathode 2, an anode 3 and a grid 4 located between them.
- the electron gun is arranged to produce an electron beam directed along the longitudinal axis X-X of the arrangement.
- the IOT also includes drift tubes 5 and 6 via which the electron beam passes before being collected by a collector (not shown).
- a cylindrical annular input cavity 7 is arranged coaxially about the electron gun 1 and includes an input coupling 8 at which an r.f. signal to be amplified is applied.
- An output cavity 9 surrounds the gap between the drift tubes 5 and 6 and includes a coupling loop 10 via which an amplified r.f. signal is extracted and coupled into a secondary output cavity 11 from which the output signal is taken via an output coupling 12.
- the IOT includes two transversely arranged annular plates 13 and 14 which each form part of respective rf chokes.
- the first plate 13 is connected via conductive spring fingers (not shown) to a tubular member 15 which mechanically supports the cathode 2 and is maintained at cathode potential.
- the other transverse plate 14 is connected via spring fingers to a support 16 of the grid 4 and is at the grid potential.
- An outer portion is electrically separate from the inner portion and comprises transverse annular plates 17 and 18 connected by a cylindrical axially extensive wall 19 and arranged coextensively with part of the plate 13.
- the outer body portion also includes further transverse plates 20 and 21 connected by a cylindrical wall 22 which are partially coextensive with the plate 14 which is electrically connected to the grid 4.
- the two rf chokes formed by the interleaved structures reduce leakage of the applied high frequency energy from the cavity 7.
- the cavity 7 further includes an axially extensive portion 23 having a movable tuning door 24 to permit the frequency of operation to be altered. It also includes a cylindrical wall 25 coaxial with the axis X-X and extensive in the region between the grid support 16 and anode support 26.
- Dielectric material 27 is located between the interleaved transverse plates of the rf chokes to provide structural support and electrical insulation.
- Ceramic cylinders 28 and 29 surround the electron gun assembly and define part of the vacuum envelope.
- a d.c. voltage typically of the order of 30-40kV is established between the cathode 2 and the anode 3 and an r.f. input signal is applied between the cathode 2 and the grid 4.
- the r.f. choke defined by plates 14, 20 and 21 reduces coupling between the cathode/grid region and the anode 3.
- this may be insufficient to completely prevent leakage of r.f. energy and coupling between the two regions and, as a result, unwanted oscillation of the electron beam may occur.
- Such oscillation may not only decrease the operating efficiency of the tube but may also cause arcing within the tube sufficient to damage or disable it.
- an inductive output tube arrangement comprising an electron gun assembly including a cathode and a grid for generating an electron beam; a substantially annular high frequency resonant input cavity arranged coaxially about the assembly; means for applying high frequency energy to the resonant cavity to modulate the electron beam; and wherein a wall of the cavity includes a channel within which is located material capable of absorbing high frequency energy.
- unwanted oscillation may be reduced or eliminated as the lossy material within the wall may be arranged so that it tends to absorb energy which might otherwise be coupled between different parts of the tube, in particular between the cathode/grid region and the anode.
- the channel provides a large surface area in contact with the absorbing material and this is a significantly more effective configuration than would be the case if the material were simply carried on a surface as the high frequency energy travels around the channel walls.
- the invention thus provides a compact arrangement with better energy absorption than would be achievable in a device where the channel is not used.
- suitable absorbing material is expensive, use of the invention may also lead to cost benefits, as a reduced amount may be used to achieve the same effect as absorbing material merely attached to a wall.
- a suitable absorbing material for use in the invention is a ferrite loaded dielectric material and preferably the dielectric material is silicone rubber.
- One suitable material loaded with dielectric particles is that designated as Eccosorb CF-S-4180 obtainable from Emerson and Cuming.
- This ferrite loaded silicone rubber material is a high loss material in the UHF and microwave ranges and is also capable of holding off high dc voltages of the order of several tens of kilovolts. Other absorbing materials may be used.
- the silicone rubber for the absorbing material could be replaced by other types of rubber or a resin, and could be loaded with one, or a combination of, the following: powdered iron, powdered nickel, silicon carbide, dispersed graphite or ferrite. Other materials having similar characteristics may also be suitable, and the dispersed material could be present in powder or particulate form, for example.
- the channel may have one of a number of different cross-sectional configurations. In one preferred embodiment, it is substantially annular and has three sides in cross-section.
- the substantially U-or C-shaped channel thus provides a large surface area for contact with the absorbing material such that currents in the cavity wall may be absorbed to reduce unwanted oscillation.
- the absorbing material may wholly occupy the interior defined by the channel.
- the surfaces of the channel are in contact with the absorbing material but an inner volume within the channel is free from such material. This volume could be occupied by a non-lossy material such as silicone rubber or it could be an air space.
- facing sides may extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis along which the electron beam is directed or in a radial direction either inwardly into the cavity or outwardly from it.
- the channel is partially radially orientated and partially extensive in an axial direction.
- the channel may have other cross-sectional shapes, for example it could have a rounded wall to give a C-shaped section or could have more than three sides.
- one wall of the channel also defines part of an rf choke means. This gives a compact arrangement and as the interior surfaces of the channel are those which are in contact with the absorbing material, the inclusion of the channel wall in the choke arrangement should not substantially adversely affect the effectiveness of the choke.
- the channel is located substantially in the region between supports for the grid and an anode of the electron gun assembly. It is particularly effective in this region in reducing the unwanted oscillations or substantially eliminating them.
- the electron gun assembly is located within a vacuum envelope and the material is located outside the envelope.
- a cavity arrangement for use with an inductive output tube comprises a wall which includes a channel within which is located material capable of absorbing high frequency energy.
- the material As the material is located within a channel included in a wall defining the cavity, it can be arranged to be readily accessible for replacement, if necessary, or for upgrading an existing tube.
- the main body of the tube including sections under vacuum, may be kept in situ as set up for operation and the cavity wall removed for servicing elsewhere, if desired.
- a replacement cavity wall can be fitted to the tube to enable operation to continue substantially uninterrupted whilst the servicing work is carried out separately.
- the positioning of the material on the cavity wall gives significant benefits in maintaining the tube in a serviceable condition whilst also enhancing its performance.
- FIGS 2 to 9 schematically illustrate parts of lOTs in accordance with the invention which include respective different configurations of the channel and absorbing material, with like references being used for like parts. Other portions of the lOTs are as shown in Figure 1.
- an IOT has an electron gun assembly 1 with a cathode 2, grid 4 and anode 3.
- the IOT includes an annular input resonant cavity 7 arranged to receive high frequency energy to cause modulation of the electron beam.
- the cavity 7 includes a cylindrical cavity wall 30 which extends from a choke arrangement 31 to the anode support 26 in a longitudinal axial direction X-X along which an electron beam is generated during use.
- An annular channel 32 is defined by part of the cavity wall 30 and two other walls 33 and 34.
- the channel has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the facing surfaces are extensive in the longitudinal direction X-X and in which the wall which joins them is located at their ends nearest the rf choke 31.
- the channel 32 is substantially wholly filled with ferrite loaded silicone rubber 35.
- the wall 33 which joins the two facing walls 30 and 34 of the channel is also included as part of the rf choke 31 in combination with plates 14 and 20.
- the region between the interleaved sections of the choke 31 is filled with dielectric material such as silicone rubber.
- dielectric material such as silicone rubber.
- a channel 36 is again defined by part of the cavity wall 30 between the choke 31 and anode support member 26 but in this case the two other sides of the U-shaped channel are formed by part 37 of the support plate 26 and a wall 38 extending from the plate 26 towards the choke 31.
- the channel 36 is wholly filled with absorbing material.
- the absorbing material 39 does not wholly fill the channel 40 defined by walls 30, 41 and 42.
- the interior part of the channel is occupied by an air space 43 and the absorbing material 39 covers the interior walls of the channel 40.
- another arrangement in accordance with the invention includes an rf choke 31 and a cylindrical cavity wall 30 which adjoins the support 26 of the anode.
- a channel 45 is again of U-shaped cross-sectional area but in this case the facing wall 46 and 47 are extensive in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis X-X of the arrangement.
- a wall 48 joins them to define the channel 45.
- the channel is adjacent the rf choke 31 but does not form part of it.
- Absorbing material 49 fills the channel.
- the channel 45 extends outwards away from the centre of the tube and thus increases the volume occupied by the IOT. In other embodiments (not shown) a radially extensive channel extends inwardly.
- the channel is of a more complicated structure having a transversely extending part 50 similar to that shown in Figure 6 in combination with an axial extending part 51 similar to that of the Figure 2 arrangement. This provides a large surface area over which the absorbing material 52 is in contact, the material filling the channel.
- a channel 53 is defined by a part of the cylindrical cavity wall 30, the end plate 26 which supports the anode 3 part 54 of the rf choke 55 and a wall 56 extensive in a direction towards the rf choke 55 from the support 26.
- the channel is substantially four sided, there being a gap between the part 54 and that the free end of the wall 56. Absorbing material 57 is enclosed within the channel.
- the rf chokes are shown as being made up of interleaved plates which are in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis X-X. However, in other arrangements, these may be replaced by axial rf chokes which, say, two cylinders are located one within the other to form a choke between them and are coaxial with axis X-X.
- an electron gun 1 is again surrounded by an annular resonant input cavity 7.
- the input cavity 7 comprises an outer body portion 58 and an inner body portion 60 maintained at a different potential to the first body portion.
- Two rf chokes 61 and 62 are included between the inner and outer body portions 58 and 60.
- Each of the chokes 61 and 62 is extensive in the direction of the longitudinal axis X-X along which in use an electron beam is generated.
- a ceramic tube 63 is arranged coaxially around axis X-X and forms part of chokes 61 and 62.
- Choke 61 includes copper metallised regions 64 and 65 on the outer and inner surfaces of ceramic cylinder 63.
- Choke 62 includes a metallisation layer 66 on the inner surface of ceramic tube 63 and a second metallisation layer 67 on its outer surface.
- the metallisation 67 extends over a greater axial length than the inner metallisation region 66.
- An anode support 68 has a section 69 which is connected to an annular plate 70 forming part of the outer body portion 58 of resonant cavity 7.
- a non-lossy dielectric material such as silicone rubber is located over part of the inner surface of ceramic cylinder 63 and over the metallisation layer 66 as shown by the broken line at 72.
- materials other than ceramic may form part one or both rf chokes.
- the dielectric material need not be continuous between both chokes.
- the metallisation layers shown in Figure 9 may be replaced by metallic members affixed to the interposed dielectric material.
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- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9514005 | 1995-07-10 | ||
GBGB9514005.9A GB9514005D0 (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1995-07-10 | Electron beam tubes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0753879A2 true EP0753879A2 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
EP0753879A3 EP0753879A3 (de) | 1997-01-29 |
Family
ID=10777385
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96304941A Withdrawn EP0753879A2 (de) | 1995-07-10 | 1996-07-04 | Anordnungen von Röhren mit induktivem Ausgang |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0753879A2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1149194A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2180491A1 (de) |
GB (2) | GB9514005D0 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2767963A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-30 | 1999-03-05 | Daewoo Electronics Co Ltd | Four a micro-ondes equipe d'un dispositif de production de micro-ondes structurellement simple |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2346257A (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-08-02 | Eev Ltd | Electron beam tubes |
US20050230387A1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-10-20 | Michael Regan | Insulated RF suppressor for industrial magnetrons |
CN104201080A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | 倍频感应输出管 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0632481A1 (de) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-01-04 | Eev Limited | Elektronenstrahlröhre |
EP0652580A1 (de) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-10 | Eev Limited | Lineare Elektronenstrahlröhrenanordnungen |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3748513A (en) * | 1969-06-16 | 1973-07-24 | Varian Associates | High frequency beam tube having an r.f. shielded and insulated collector |
US4163175A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1979-07-31 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. | Magnetron for which leakage of H.F. noise is minimized |
DE3134034A1 (de) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-10 | Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH, 6100 Darmstadt | "absorber" |
US5130206A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1992-07-14 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Surface coated RF circuit element and method |
GB2259708B (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1995-05-10 | Eev Ltd | RF radiation absorbing material |
US5572092A (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1996-11-05 | Communications And Power Industries, Inc. | High frequency vacuum tube with closely spaced cathode and non-emissive grid |
US5477107A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-12-19 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Linear-beam cavity circuits with non-resonant RF loss slabs |
-
1995
- 1995-07-10 GB GBGB9514005.9A patent/GB9514005D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-07-03 GB GB9613896A patent/GB2303244A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-04 EP EP96304941A patent/EP0753879A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-07-04 CA CA 2180491 patent/CA2180491A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-10 CN CN 96110946 patent/CN1149194A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0632481A1 (de) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-01-04 | Eev Limited | Elektronenstrahlröhre |
EP0652580A1 (de) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-10 | Eev Limited | Lineare Elektronenstrahlröhrenanordnungen |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2767963A1 (fr) * | 1997-08-30 | 1999-03-05 | Daewoo Electronics Co Ltd | Four a micro-ondes equipe d'un dispositif de production de micro-ondes structurellement simple |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2180491A1 (en) | 1997-01-11 |
CN1149194A (zh) | 1997-05-07 |
GB2303244A (en) | 1997-02-12 |
GB9613896D0 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
EP0753879A3 (de) | 1997-01-29 |
GB9514005D0 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19981003 |