EP0748859B1 - Process and apparatus to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant - Google Patents

Process and apparatus to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0748859B1
EP0748859B1 EP19950810396 EP95810396A EP0748859B1 EP 0748859 B1 EP0748859 B1 EP 0748859B1 EP 19950810396 EP19950810396 EP 19950810396 EP 95810396 A EP95810396 A EP 95810396A EP 0748859 B1 EP0748859 B1 EP 0748859B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
gas
pyrolysis
caracterized
pyrolysis gas
converter
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EP19950810396
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0748859A1 (en
Inventor
Alois Franke
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Aluminium Rheinfelden GmbH
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Aluminium Rheinfelden GmbH
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Priority to DE59508397T priority Critical patent/DE59508397D1/en
Priority to EP19950810396 priority patent/EP0748859B1/en
Publication of EP0748859A1 publication Critical patent/EP0748859A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the partial decoupling of Smoldering gas generation and smoldering gas consumption in a pyrolysis plant, which is generated in a pyrolysis reactor Carbonization gas is fed to a gas converter for conversion into cracked gas and the cracked gas as an environmentally friendly fuel is used.
  • a Gas converter for conversion into cracked gas and the cracked gas as an environmentally friendly fuel is used.
  • a Device suitable for carrying out the method.
  • Fission gas is available, which can be used in sync with the generation got to.
  • Generation and demand for pyrolysis gas are in usually out of sync as they are functions more independent Processes can be. With an excess supply of fission gas must therefore be flared if necessary.
  • the inventor has the Task, a method and a device of to create the kind mentioned above, with which a handling of the pyrolysis oil is not required and which one is optimal Allow use of a commercially available gas converter.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the exiting from the pyrolysis reactor Smoldering gas flow before it enters the gas converter Adaptation of the cracked gas stream emerging from the gas converter to the respective fuel requirements with lower fuel requirements by at least partially condensing Smoldering gas reduced and with higher fuel requirements additional vaporization of condensed carbonization gas increased becomes.
  • That part of the pyrolysis gas is called permanent gas understood that remains gaseous even at room temperature.
  • pyrolysis gas is cracked on a high-temperature coke bed at 1200 ° C to CO, CO 2 , CH 4 and H 2 . After acid separation, this so-called cracked gas is available as an environmentally friendly fuel using commercially available gas scrubbing, for example to generate process heat.
  • inventive sen process is carried out by the condensation of carbonization gas indirect cooling with water and the evaporation of condensed Smoldering gas or pyrolysis oil is preferably by indirect heating with hot air.
  • condensation of carbonization gas indirect cooling with water and the evaporation of condensed Smoldering gas or pyrolysis oil is preferably by indirect heating with hot air.
  • other coolants and heating agents it is also possible to use.
  • preferred device with a carbonization gas generating Pyrolysis reactor and a gas converter connected downstream of it for converting the carbonization gas into cracked gas is according to the invention provided that between the pyrolysis reactor and the gas converter optionally with respect to the carbonization gas operable as a condenser or as a water heater Aggregate is arranged.
  • the device has an optional cooling or Heatable container on which one Surrounds carbonization leading pipe.
  • condensate container for the unit assigned to that with a heater for evaporation can be equipped with condensed carbonization gas.
  • a unit 10 has a closed according to FIGS. 1 and 2 Container 12 with an inlet connector 14 and an outlet connector 16 for a cooling or flowing through the container 12 Heating medium.
  • the container 12 encloses part of one Pyrolysis gas line 18 in which the carbonization gas or pyrolysis gas from a pyrolysis reactor not shown in the drawing to be led.
  • the pyrolysis gas line 18 opens after the Emerges from the container 12 into a condensate container 20, the near the floor with a heating line 22 for evaporating Condensate or pyrolysis oil 24 is equipped.
  • the condensate container 20 has in the area above the Condensate 24 receiving part a gas discharge line 26th on, via which from the pyrolysis gas line 18 into the condensate tank 20 transferred smoldering gas and possibly evaporated Condensate or pyrolysis oil 24 from the condensate container 20 emerges and one not shown in the drawing
  • Commercially available gas converter for the generation of cracked gas supplied becomes.
  • FIG. 1 shows the unit 10 in the “capacitor” operating state. That from the pyrolysis reactor via the pyrolysis gas line 18 emerging carbonization gas is through the container 12th flowing cooling water indirectly cooled, so that up the permanent gas adds practically the entire amount of carbonization gas Pyrolysis oil condensed and collected in the condensate container 20 becomes.
  • the heater for the condensate tank 20 is not in operation, i.e. the heating line 22 is closed.
  • FIG. 2 shows the unit 10 in the "instantaneous water heater" operating state. That from the pyrolysis reactor via the pyrolysis gas line 18 escaping carbonization gas is through the container 12 heating gas flowing through indirectly heated, creating a Condensation of the carbonization gas is prevented. In this operating state is the total amount of carbonization gas or pyrolysis gas available.
  • the capacitor circuit 1 is selected.
  • the flow heater circuit according to FIG. 2 is selected, possibly reinforced by the condensate heating.
  • the choice of Circuit and the storage function of the condensate tank 20 bring about the desired decoupling of carbonization gas supply and carbonization consumption without handling the aromatic Pyrolysis oil is required. Only this decoupling makes the use of the environmentally friendly gas converter operational possible.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Teilentkopplung von Schwelgaserzeugung und Schwelgasverbrauch bei einer Pyrolyseanlage, wobei das in einem Pyrolysereaktor erzeugte Schwelgas einem Gaswandler zur Umwandlung in Spaltgas zugeführt und das Spaltgas als umweltfreundlicher Brennstoff eingesetzt wird. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt auch eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for the partial decoupling of Smoldering gas generation and smoldering gas consumption in a pyrolysis plant, which is generated in a pyrolysis reactor Carbonization gas is fed to a gas converter for conversion into cracked gas and the cracked gas as an environmentally friendly fuel is used. Within the scope of the invention is also a Device suitable for carrying out the method.

Zur Trennung und Rückgewinnung von Aluminium und Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen aus mit organischen Verbindungen behafteten Materialien durch Pyrolyse ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, in einem dem Pyrolysereaktor nachgeschalteten Kondensator das Pyrolyseöl aus dem Schwelgas für spätere Nutzung abzuscheiden und nur das Permanentgas unmittelbar zur Erzeugung von Prozesswärme zu nutzen. Dieses Verfahren hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass das Handling des Pyrolyseöls wegen seiner Konzentration an polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen unter besonderen Sicherheitsvorkehrungen erfolgen muss.For the separation and recovery of aluminum and hydrocarbon compounds made of organic compounds Materials through pyrolysis have already been proposed been in a condenser downstream of the pyrolysis reactor the pyrolysis oil from the carbonization gas for later use deposit and only the permanent gas immediately to Use process heat generation. This procedure has however, the disadvantage that the handling of the pyrolysis oil is due to its concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under special safety precautions must be done.

Andererseits stellt die online-Verknüpfung eines Pyrolysereaktors mit einem Gaswandler ohne besondere Massnahmen Spaltgas zur Verfügung, das erzeugungssynchron genutzt werden muss. Erzeugung und Bedarf von Pyrolysegas sind aber in der Regel nicht synchron, da sie Funktionen unabhängiger Prozesse sein können. Bei einem Ueberangebot an Spaltgas muss demzufolge notfalls abgefackelt werden.On the other hand, the online link of a pyrolysis reactor provides with a gas converter without special measures Fission gas is available, which can be used in sync with the generation got to. Generation and demand for pyrolysis gas are in usually out of sync as they are functions more independent Processes can be. With an excess supply of fission gas must therefore be flared if necessary.

Angesicht dieser Gegebenheiten hat sich der Erfinder die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, mit welchen ein Handling des Pyrolyseöls nicht erforderlich ist und welche einen optimalen Einsatz eines handelsüblichen Gaswandlers ermöglichen.In view of these circumstances, the inventor has the Task, a method and a device of to create the kind mentioned above, with which a handling of the pyrolysis oil is not required and which one is optimal Allow use of a commercially available gas converter.

Bezüglich des Verfahrens wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der aus dem Pyrolysereaktor austretende Schwelgasstrom vor seinem Eintritt in den Gaswandler zur Anpassung des aus dem Gaswandler austretenden Spaltgasstromes an den jeweiligen Brennstoffbedarf bei geringerem Brennstoffbedarf durch zumindest teilweise Kondensation von Schwelgas vermindert und bei höherem Brennstoffbedarf durch zusätzliches Verdampfen von kondensiertem Schwelgas erhöht wird.With regard to the method, the object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the exiting from the pyrolysis reactor Smoldering gas flow before it enters the gas converter Adaptation of the cracked gas stream emerging from the gas converter to the respective fuel requirements with lower fuel requirements by at least partially condensing Smoldering gas reduced and with higher fuel requirements additional vaporization of condensed carbonization gas increased becomes.

Im Zusammenhang mit vorliegender Erfindung wird unter Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolysegas das unter Sauerstoffabschluss oberhalb der Vergasungstemperatur organischer Verbindungen entstehende Gasgemisch verstanden. Dieses aus Kohlenwasserstoffen bestehende Gasgemisch kondensiert bei Abkühlung zu einer Flüssigkeit von öliger Konsistenz, dem sogenannten Pyrolyseöl. Durch erneutes Verdampfen kann das Pyrolyseöl wieder in die Gasphase überführt werden und entspricht dann bezüglich seiner Zusammensetzung wieder dem Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolysegas.In connection with the present invention is under Smoldering gas or pyrolysis gas with the exclusion of oxygen above the gasification temperature of organic compounds resulting gas mixture understood. This from hydrocarbons existing gas mixture condenses on cooling a liquid with an oily consistency, the so-called Pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil can be evaporated again be converted back into the gas phase and then corresponds with regard to its composition, the carbonization gas or Pyrolysis gas.

Unter Permanentgas wird derjenige Anteil des Pyrolysegases verstanden, der auch bei Raumtemperatur gasförmig bleibt.That part of the pyrolysis gas is called permanent gas understood that remains gaseous even at room temperature.

Bei einem handelsüblichen Gaswandler wird Pyrolysegas an einem Hochtemperatur-Koksbett bei 1200°C zu CO, CO2, CH4 und H2 gecrackt. Dieses sogenannte Spaltgas steht nach Säureabscheidung durch handelsübliche Gaswäsche als umweltfreundlicher Brennstoff zur Verfügung, z.B. zur Erzeugung von Prozesswärme. In a commercially available gas converter, pyrolysis gas is cracked on a high-temperature coke bed at 1200 ° C to CO, CO 2 , CH 4 and H 2 . After acid separation, this so-called cracked gas is available as an environmentally friendly fuel using commercially available gas scrubbing, for example to generate process heat.

Bei einer bevorzugten Durchführungsart des erfindungsgemäs- sen Verfahrens erfolgt die Kondensation von Schwelgas durch indirekte Kühlung mit Wasser und die Verdampfung von kondensiertem Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolyseöl wird vorzugsweise durch indirekte Beheizung mit Heissluft durchgeführt. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, andere Kühl- und Heizmittel einzusetzen.In a preferred embodiment of the inventive sen process is carried out by the condensation of carbonization gas indirect cooling with water and the evaporation of condensed Smoldering gas or pyrolysis oil is preferably by indirect heating with hot air. Of course it is also possible to use other coolants and heating agents to use.

Bei einer zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens bevorzugten Vorrichtung mit einem Schwelgas erzeugenden Pyrolysereaktor und einem diesem nachgeschalteten Gaswandler zur Umwandlung des Schwelgases in Spaltgas ist erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, dass zwischen dem Pyrolysereaktor und dem Gaswandler ein bezüglich des Schwelgases wahlweise als Kondensator oder als Durchlauferhitzer betreibbares Aggregat angeordnet ist.In one for carrying out the method according to the invention preferred device with a carbonization gas generating Pyrolysis reactor and a gas converter connected downstream of it for converting the carbonization gas into cracked gas is according to the invention provided that between the pyrolysis reactor and the gas converter optionally with respect to the carbonization gas operable as a condenser or as a water heater Aggregate is arranged.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung weist das Aggregat einen wahlweise mit Kühloder Heizmittel beaufschlagbaren Behälter auf, der eine Schwelgas führende Leitung umgibt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention The device has an optional cooling or Heatable container on which one Surrounds carbonization leading pipe.

Zur zeitweiligen Aufnahme von kondensiertem Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolyseöl ist dem Aggregat bevorzugt ein Kondensatbehälter zugeordnet, der mit einer Heizeinrichtung zur Verdampfung von kondensiertem Schwelgas ausgestattet sein kann.For the temporary absorption of condensed carbonization gas or Pyrolysis oil is preferably a condensate container for the unit assigned to that with a heater for evaporation can be equipped with condensed carbonization gas.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt schematisch in

- Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes Aggregat im Betriebszustand "Kondensator";
- Fig. 2
das Aggregat von Fig. 1 im Betriebszustand "Durchlauferhitzer".
Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawing; this shows schematically in
- Fig. 1
a cross section through a unit according to the invention in the "capacitor" operating state;
- Fig. 2
1 in the "instantaneous water heater" operating state.

Ein Aggregat 10 weist gemäss Fig. 1 und 2 einen geschlossenen Behälter 12 mit einem Einlassstutzen 14 und einen Auslassstutzen 16 für ein den Behälter 12 durchströmendes Kühl- oder Heizmedium auf. Der Behälter 12 umschliesst einen Teil einer Pyrolysegasleitung 18, in der das Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolysegas aus einem in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Pyrolysereaktor geführt wird. Die Pyrolysegasleitung 18 mündet nach dem Austritt aus dem Behälter 12 in einen Kondensatbehälter 20, der in Bodennähe mit einer Heizleitung 22 zum Verdampfen von Kondensat bzw. Pyrolyseöl 24 ausgestattet ist.A unit 10 has a closed according to FIGS. 1 and 2 Container 12 with an inlet connector 14 and an outlet connector 16 for a cooling or flowing through the container 12 Heating medium. The container 12 encloses part of one Pyrolysis gas line 18 in which the carbonization gas or pyrolysis gas from a pyrolysis reactor not shown in the drawing to be led. The pyrolysis gas line 18 opens after the Emerges from the container 12 into a condensate container 20, the near the floor with a heating line 22 for evaporating Condensate or pyrolysis oil 24 is equipped.

Der Kondensatbehälter 20 weist im Bereich oberhalb des das Kondensat 24 aufnehmenden Teils eine Gasabführleitung 26 auf, über die das aus der Pyrolysegasleitung 18 in den Kondensatbehälter 20 überführte Schwelgas sowie ggf. verdampftes Kondensat bzw. Pyrolyseöl 24 aus dem Kondensatbehälter 20 austritt und einem im der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten handelsüblichen Gaswandler zur Erzeugung von Spaltgas zugeführt wird.The condensate container 20 has in the area above the Condensate 24 receiving part a gas discharge line 26th on, via which from the pyrolysis gas line 18 into the condensate tank 20 transferred smoldering gas and possibly evaporated Condensate or pyrolysis oil 24 from the condensate container 20 emerges and one not shown in the drawing Commercially available gas converter for the generation of cracked gas supplied becomes.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Aggregat 10 im Betriebszustand "Kondensator". Das aus dem Pyrolysereaktor über die Pyrolysegasleitung 18 austretende Schwelgas wird durch das den Behälter 12 durchströmende Kühlwasser indirekt gekühlt, so dass bis auf das Permanentgas praktisch die gesamte Menge an Schwelgas zu Pyrolyseöl kondensiert und im Kondensatbehälter 20 aufgefangen wird. Die Heizvorrichtung für den Kondensatbehälter 20 ist nicht in Betrieb, d.h. die Heizleitung 22 ist geschlossen.1 shows the unit 10 in the “capacitor” operating state. That from the pyrolysis reactor via the pyrolysis gas line 18 emerging carbonization gas is through the container 12th flowing cooling water indirectly cooled, so that up the permanent gas adds practically the entire amount of carbonization gas Pyrolysis oil condensed and collected in the condensate container 20 becomes. The heater for the condensate tank 20 is not in operation, i.e. the heating line 22 is closed.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Aggregat 10 im Betriebszustand "Durchlauferhitzer". Das aus dem Pyrolysereaktor über die Pyrolysegasleitung 18 austretende Schwelgas wird durch das den Behälter 12 durchströmende Heizgas indirekt beheizt, wodurch eine Kondensation des Schwelgases verhindert wird. In diesem Betriebszustand steht somit die gesamte Menge an Schwelgas bzw. Pyrolysegas zur Verfügung. Wird darüber hinaus die Heizvorrichtung für den Kondensatbehälter 20 eingeschaltet, d.h. die Heizleitung 22 zusätzlich von Heizgas durchströmt, dann steht zusätzlich das zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt im Kondensatbehälter 20 bereits abgeschiedene Pyrolyseöl nach erneuter Ueberführung in die Gasphase wieder als Schwelgas und damit nach dessen Umwandlung im Gaswandler als zusätzliches Spaltgas zur Verfügung.2 shows the unit 10 in the "instantaneous water heater" operating state. That from the pyrolysis reactor via the pyrolysis gas line 18 escaping carbonization gas is through the container 12 heating gas flowing through indirectly heated, creating a Condensation of the carbonization gas is prevented. In this operating state is the total amount of carbonization gas or pyrolysis gas available. In addition, the Heating device for the condensate container 20 switched on, i.e. heating gas additionally flows through heating line 22, then this is also in the condensate container at an earlier point in time 20 already separated pyrolysis oil renewed conversion into the gas phase again as carbonization gas and thus as an additional after its conversion in the gas converter Fission gas available.

Aus der Betrachtung der Zeichnung ergibt sich ohne weiteres, dass bei geringem Bedarf an Spaltgas die Kondensatorschaltung gemäss Fig. 1 gewählt wird. Bei hohem Bedarf an Spaltgas wird die Durchlauferhitzerschaltung gemäss Fig. 2 gewählt, ggf. verstärkt durch die Kondensatbeheizung. Die Wahl der Schaltung und die Speicherfunktion des Kondensatbehälters 20 bewirken die gewünschte Entkopplung von Schwelgasangebot und Schwelgasverbrauch, ohne dass ein Handling des aromatischen Pyrolyseöls erforderlich wird. Erst diese Entkopplung macht den Einsatz des umweltfreundlichen Gaswandlers betriebsorganisatorisch möglich.Looking at the drawing, we can easily see that with low demand for cracked gas, the capacitor circuit 1 is selected. When there is a high demand for cracked gas the flow heater circuit according to FIG. 2 is selected, possibly reinforced by the condensate heating. The choice of Circuit and the storage function of the condensate tank 20 bring about the desired decoupling of carbonization gas supply and carbonization consumption without handling the aromatic Pyrolysis oil is required. Only this decoupling makes the use of the environmentally friendly gas converter operational possible.

Claims (7)

  1. Process to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant, whereby the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis reactor is conveyed to a gas converter to convert the pyrolysis gas into fission-gas and the fission-gas is used as an environment friendly fuel,
    caracterized in that
    before entering the gas converter to adapt the fission-gas stream emerging from the gas converter to the fuel consumption required, the pyrolysis gas stream emerging from the pyrolysis reactor is reduced by an at least partial condensation of pyrolysis gas and is increased at higher fuel consumption by additionally evaporating condensed pyrolysis gas.
  2. Process according to claim 1, caracterized in that the condensation of the pyrolysis gas is carried out by indirect cooling with water.
  3. Process according to claim 1, caracterized in that the evaporation of condensed pyrolysis gas is carried out by indirect heating with hot air.
  4. Device for carrying-through the process according to one of the claims 1 to 3, with a pyrolysis reactor generating pyrolysis gas and a gas converter following the pyrolysis reactor to convert the pyrolysis gas into fission-gas,
    caracterized in that
    an aggregate (10) which can be operated optionally as a condenser or as an inlet controlled heater is arranged between the pyrolysis reactor and the gas converter.
  5. Device according to claim 4, caracterized in that the aggregate (10) has a container (12) which optionally can be cooled or heated, and which surrounds a conduit (18) carrying pyrolysis gas.
  6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, caracterized in that a condensate container (20) to store condensed pyrolysis gas it adjoined the aggregate (10).
  7. Device according to claim 6, caracterized in that the condensate container (20) is equipped with a heating device (22) for evaporating condensed pyrolysis gas.
EP19950810396 1995-06-14 1995-06-14 Process and apparatus to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant Expired - Lifetime EP0748859B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59508397T DE59508397D1 (en) 1995-06-14 1995-06-14 Method and device for the partial decoupling of carbonization and carbonization in a pyrolysis plant
EP19950810396 EP0748859B1 (en) 1995-06-14 1995-06-14 Process and apparatus to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19950810396 EP0748859B1 (en) 1995-06-14 1995-06-14 Process and apparatus to partially uncouple the generation and utilization of pyrolysis gas in a pyrolysis plant

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EP0748859A1 EP0748859A1 (en) 1996-12-18
EP0748859B1 true EP0748859B1 (en) 2000-05-24

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0096140A1 (en) * 1982-06-15 1983-12-21 Herwig Michel-Kim Process and apparatus for the accumulation and production of bio energy
DE3347554C2 (en) * 1983-05-18 1986-08-07 Pka Pyrolyse Kraftanlagen Gmbh, 7080 Aalen Process for obtaining usable gas from waste by pyrolysis and apparatus for carrying out the process
DE3721451C1 (en) * 1987-06-30 1988-12-08 Asea Brown Boveri Process for operating a pyrolysis plant
CA2045254C (en) * 1991-06-21 1998-04-14 Christian Roy Treatment of automobile shredder residue by vacuum pyrolysis

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EP0748859A1 (en) 1996-12-18

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