EP0746007B1 - Polarized electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Description

• einem Sockel aus Isolierstoff, der mit seiner Bodenseite eine Grundebene definiert und in dem Träger für Festkontakte sowie Kontakt-Anschlußstifte verankert sind,
• einem über dem Sockel angeordneten Wipp-Anker, der mittig beiderseits mit zur Grundebene paralleler Drehachse gelagert ist,
• einer oberhalb des Ankers angeordneten Spule mit zur Grundebene paralleler, zur Ankerdrehachse senkrechter Achse,
• einem in der Spule axial angeordneten Kern mit an beiden Enden senkrecht zur Grundebene nach unten gerichteten Jochen, die jeweils mit den Enden des Ankers Arbeitsluftspalte bilden,
• einer Dauermagnetanordnung, die in den Jochen gleichnamige Magnetpole und über der Ankerdrehachse einen dazu ungleichnamigen Magnetpol erzeugt, und
• einer über eine Isolierstoff-Umhüllung mit dem Anker fest verbundene Kontaktfederanordnung, die entsprechend der Ankerbewegung mit den Festkontakten des Sockels zusammenwirkt.

The invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay

• a base made of insulating material, which defines a base plane with its bottom side and is anchored in the carrier for fixed contacts and contact connecting pins,
• a rocker anchor arranged above the base, which is mounted centrally on both sides with an axis of rotation parallel to the base plane,
• a coil arranged above the armature with an axis parallel to the base plane and perpendicular to the armature axis of rotation,
• an axially arranged core in the coil with yokes directed downwards at both ends perpendicular to the base plane, each of which forms working air gaps with the ends of the armature,
• a permanent magnet arrangement which produces magnetic poles of the same name in the yokes and a magnetic pole of the same name above the armature axis of rotation, and
• a contact spring arrangement which is firmly connected to the armature via an insulating material sheath and which cooperates with the fixed contacts of the base in accordance with the armature movement.

A relay of the type mentioned is in WO 94/22156 described. There is a coil former directly on the base put on, in addition to the coil winding and the Kern also carries the yokes and the permanent magnet and the in Side areas is connected directly to the base. A Cap placed over the bobbin is with the base Formation of a closed housing connected. This well-known Structure is designed for conventional solder connection technology; for stronger mechanical or thermal loads is the connection structure of the base and the bobbin not designed. However, since for the assembly of printed circuit boards increasingly alongside conventional contacting The surface mounting technology is also available via solder pins (SMT) and the connection technology with press-in pins required relays should also be constructed as far as possible the mechanical or thermal occurring with these techniques Withstand loads without the precisely set Characteristic values of the relay deteriorate.

A rotary armature relay is also already known from DE 27 23 430 A1 known with a body with an H-cross section, the a coil space at the bottom of a contact space the top separates. However, the construction there requires relatively long, in the side walls of the body embedded contact connection elements. The connection of this Connection elements in the top contact space is also neither suitable for taking up the pressure load for press-in pins nor can the contact arrangement be of thermal Exposed to surface mounting technology.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a polarized relay to constructively construct the type mentioned at the beginning, that on the one hand the isolation between the contacts and the Coil improved and on the other hand the construction as a whole is made more stable so that the desired characteristics of the Relays set in a simpler way and in handling or safer when operating the relay. In particular, a basic construction is to be created be different only by installing different Connection elements both for solder pin connection and for SMT connection and suitable for press-in connection.

According to the invention, this goal is achieved with the relay structure mentioned achieved in that a base body made of insulating material is provided which is a partition wall parallel to the base plane - with bushings for the yokes - between the anchor and the Coil forms that the base body by means of side walls the base is nested and with this one at least partially closed control room forms and that the main body has a paragraph on either side of the anchor, under which are the contact pins arranged in a row and if necessary as a support area is suitable for these pins.

Due to the basic body provided according to the invention high rigidity and stability of the relay structure. The adjustments made during production are so retained safely, even if mechanical or external thermal loads on the relay housing. This The advantages of the more stable structure also come into play if the support areas provided on both sides of the anchor not required to support connector pins be because only simple, from the injected in the base Printed circuit board bent solder pins are provided.

However, the structure according to the invention is particularly effective then when connecting pins are used, which differ from the Base vertically up to the respective support area extend the body. In order to manufacture a Avoiding over-determination is expediently provided that the connection pins each in grooves of the base body and fixed there by means of a hardenable sealing compound. So it is possible that after mounting the anchor with an accurate Setting the contact spacing of the base with the Base body connected magnet system on the base so far can be pushed on until the anchor is exactly on the magnet system is present or the specified air gaps to the yokes are reached Has. By pouring in adhesive or potting compound can then on the one hand the base body with the base sealing are connected, the pins in the mentioned Grooving in a previous or simultaneous operation be shed. This creates a dense and stable control room that is insulated from the coil. This control room also has compared to similarly constructed Relays have a very low volume of air because of the coil space is not included. This is particularly beneficial with strong heat, such as when soldering the Relays, especially for reflow soldering of SMT connections.

The base body thus forms closed at least around the contact space Side walls, so that the otherwise required housing cap can be omitted. One is particularly advantageous Embodiment in which the base body is H-shaped Cross section and so the coil in one up open, trough-shaped coil space. This coil room is expediently wholly or at least partially with Potting compound filled, reducing the rigidity of the construction is further increased. This is particularly beneficial if that Relay is provided with press-fit pins, which in the be anchored in the base body as mentioned above. In this Case, the press tool can be poured directly onto the Press the coil space, the press-in forces over the Base body to be transferred to the pins and a There is no need to fear impairment of the adjustments in the relay is. At the top of the coil space, if necessary a cover plate can be attached. This can be metallic be or have a metallic outer layer, in particular to act as a heat shield for surface mounting (SMT).

Further advantageous embodiments are in the subclaims specified.

Figur 1 die Hauptbaugruppen eines erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Relais vor dem Zusammenbau in perspektivischer, teilweise geschnittener Darstellung,

Figur 2 das Relais von Figur 1 in zusammengebautem Zustand,

Figur 3 einen Schnitt durch das Relais von Figur 2 mit beiderseits einer Mittelebene etwas versetzter Schnittführung,

Figur 4 einen Figur 3 entsprechenden Schnitt durch ein Relais mit SMT-Anschlußstiften,

Figur 5 einen Figur 3 entsprechenden Schnitt durch ein Relais mit Einpreß-Anschlußstiften,

Figur 6 eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht auf ein Relais mit einer gegenüber Figur 1 abgewandelten Anker- und Kontaktanordnung,

Figur 7 eine Schnittansicht von oben auf die Hälfte des Ankers von Figur 6,

Figur 8 eine Querschnittsansicht auf das Relais von Figur 6,

Figur 9 eine Detail-Schnittansicht auf die Ankerlagerung und den Kontaktfederanschluß des Relais nach den Figuren 6 bis 8,

Figur 10 und 11 zwei abgewandelte Ausführungsformen der Kontaktfederanschlüsse in einer Figur 9 vergleichbaren Seitenansicht,

Figur 12 eine weitere Abwandlung eines Kontaktfederanschlusses und der Ankerlagerung in teilweise geschnittener Seitenansicht,

Figur 13 eine Figur 7 vergleichbare Schnittansicht von oben auf eine Ankerhälfte in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform,

Figur 14 eine Seitenansicht auf die Ankerlagerung von Figur 13,

Figur 15 und 16 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Relais in zwei Ansichten.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows

FIG. 1 shows the main assemblies of a relay designed according to the invention before assembly in a perspective, partially sectioned illustration,

FIG. 2 shows the relay from FIG. 1 in the assembled state,

3 shows a section through the relay from FIG. 2 with a slightly offset cut on both sides of a central plane, FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 3 through a relay with SMT connection pins,

5 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 3 through a relay with press-in connection pins, FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a partially sectioned side view of a relay with an armature and contact arrangement modified compared to FIG. 1,

FIG. 7 shows a sectional view from above onto half of the armature from FIG. 6,

FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the relay from FIG. 6,

FIG. 9 shows a detailed sectional view of the armature bearing and the contact spring connection of the relay according to FIGS. 6 to 8,

FIGS. 10 and 11 show two modified embodiments of the contact spring connections in a side view comparable to FIG. 9,

FIG. 12 shows a further modification of a contact spring connection and the armature bearing in a partially sectioned side view,

FIG. 13 shows a sectional view, comparable to FIG. 7, from above of an anchor half in a modified embodiment,

FIG. 14 shows a side view of the anchor bearing from FIG. 13,

Figures 15 and 16 another embodiment of a relay in two views.

The relay shown in Figures 1 to 3 consists essentially from a base 1 with one over the base pivotably arranged armature 3. A base body 5 takes the Base 1 from below and forms a closed one with it Contact space 4. In addition, the base body 5 forms a coil space 6 open at the top, in which a coil 7 is inserted becomes.

The base 1 has a flat bottom 11, which is the base plane of the relay defined, as well as partially raised peripheral sides 12. In the insulating material of the base are parallel to the base plane from a sheet metal blank 8 stamped contact carrier 13 embedded with exposed fixed contacts 14; one piece with the contact carriers are connection pins at the bottom 15 integrally formed, which usually serve as solder connections. In addition, there are contact spring pins in the side walls 16 embedded from the board material, the Extensions upwards as bearing supports 16a for the anchor 3 serve.

The armature 3 consists of an essentially elongated one ferromagnetic sheet, the one in its central section upward curved bearing curvature 31 to define a transverse has its rolling axis extending to its longitudinal extent. The two wings of the anchor define in their end sections each pole faces 32.

A movable contact arrangement is located below the armature an insulating jacket 33 arranged in the two elongated Contact springs 34 embedded in a plane next to each other are such that their ends are each below the anchor ends are exposed and there movable Wear contacts 35 with the underlying fixed contacts 14 work together. Each contact spring has an im Side area emerging from the envelope 33 in the area the anchor bearing is arched and into one vertical position angled bearing band 36, which with a corresponding fastening section 37 to an associated one Contact spring pin 16 welded or on otherwise connected to it in a conductive manner. The insulation covering 33 has pegs 38 formed upwards, which is inserted through holes in the armature 3 and at its Top are deformed so that the movable contact arrangement with the contact springs 34 firmly connected to the armature 3 and thus takes part in its switching movement. During installation the anchor 3 on the base 1 is first on suitable Way the desired contact distance between the movable Contacts 35 and the fixed contacts 14 set before the Bearing tapes 36 are connected to the connecting pins 16.

The base body 5 made of insulating material has one generally H-shaped cross section with a to the base plane parallel partition 51 and circumferential side walls 52 which together with the partition 51 down the mentioned Switch room 4 and form the coil room 6 upwards. In the Partition 51 two openings 53 are recessed, in which two ferromagnetic yokes 54 inserted vertically become. Between the lower ends of the two yokes 54 is a rod-shaped permanent magnet 55 between clamping ribs 56 (see Figure 3) attached. The permanent magnet has three poles magnetized so that it is centered over the anchor axis Permanent magnetic pole (N) and two opposite ends at both ends Pole (S) generated. Along the two long sides of the base body 5 are paragraphs 57 below the partition 51 integrally formed, which are above the pins 15 and 16 and if necessary as support areas for corresponding extended Pins can serve. In any case, give this Heels an additional stiffening of the base body; specific Refinements will be described later.

The coil 7 has a coil body 71 made of insulating material, on which a winding 73 is arranged between flanges 72 is. In an axial through opening of the coil body a core 74 is arranged. In addition, 72 are each in the flanges Coil connector pins 75 anchored.

During assembly, the coil 7 is inserted into the coil space 6 from above of the base body used, the coil terminal pins 75 inserted through corresponding holes 58 of the base body become. Then the coil in the base body with potting compound fixed, the yokes 54 and the permanent magnet 55 be glued. The bushings are also tight locked. By filling the coil space 6 with potting compound creates a very stable bond that also has high mechanical Able to absorb forces. Above the coil For example, a plate 76 is placed on a flat Provides surface for labeling. The plate can be made of metal exist or be coated with metal so that they forms a heat shield when the relay is in, for example SMT assembly is exposed to strong heat radiation.

Then the base 1 pre-assembled with the anchor 3 in the Control room 4 of the base body used, the side walls 52 of the base body box-shaped over the side walls Grab 12 of the base. The base 1 is inserted as far as that the bearing curvature 31 more or less on the permanent magnet 55 is present and the anchor optionally on one of the yokes can concern. The switching mobility of the armature can can be checked by ventilation openings 17 (in Figure 8 to see) a test pin is inserted and the Switching movement measures. For this purpose, two ventilation or Test openings 17, one under each anchor wing, are provided. These are each in the middle between the two contact springs in the area of a raised insulating web 18. After setting the exact position between anchor and permanent magnet or yokes the base 1 with the Base body 5 firmly connected, preferably by pouring of sealing compound or adhesive in the marginal gap between the respective side walls. The ventilation and test openings 17 can be locked separately later.

As can be seen in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, for example, in Contact space below the paragraphs 57 each formed a groove 63, that of the outer wall 52 of the base body and one Wall web 59 is limited. This wall web 59 forms at the same time insulation between the metal parts of the anchor and the connecting elements or bearing strips 36 of the contact springs. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, can be in these grooves 63 Potting compound to be poured in to protruding pins to be firmly anchored in the base body; this will also additionally increases the rigidity. In Figure 4 there is one Embodiment of pins 20 shown in the Base area through the injected board of the contact carrier 13 inserted and in openings 13a in a suitable manner is contacted with this. The connector pins 20 with a rectangular Cross sections are at their upper end portion 21 in the casting compound 60 anchored and with its lower end in each case bent outwards in the form of SMT connecting lugs 22.

In Figure 5, round pins 23 are in the same way Anchored base and contacted with the carrier board 13. In addition, the upper end portions 24 are also here in the Potting compound 60 anchored while the lower ends in this Case are deformed to press-in handles 25. Of course come all possible types of press-fit zones are considered here; Moreover can round the press-in pins instead of the one shown Cross section also a rectangular cross section as in Figure 4 or have another cross-sectional shape. Furthermore the relay according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is the same or similar constructed like the one shown before; minor modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

A particularly simple way of fastening and contacting the pins 20 and 23 is that in the Contact carrier 13 forming plate openings 13a recessed are that have a slightly smaller cross section than that pins 20 or 23 to be inserted depending on the cross-sectional shape of the pins, these openings 13a are round or rectangular designed. The recesses lla in the base 1 or in the In contrast, base base 11 are somewhat larger in cross section than the pins 20 and 23, so that the edge of the openings 13a there is something exposed around the pens. When pressing in the connector pins 20 or 23 with a correspondingly large force in the Breakthroughs 13a are therefore the edge of the concerned Breakthrough 13a with slight deflection to the outer surface of the respective pin 20 or 23. Through this penetration between the contact carrier board 13 and the respective Pin 20 or 23 results in a permanent Voltage that ensures the desired contact.

In Figure 5 is in the right half of the anchor representation a laterally protruding bearing pin 41 is shown, that in a bearing shell 61 of the base body or of the wall web 59 lies. In this way the anchor can, if necessary, more precisely compared to the base body and the permanent magnet 55 be positioned. The storage is therefore more independent of the shape and properties of the bearing tapes 36. These bearing tapes In this case, 36 are unnecessary and can be replaced by a simple flexible connection section 42 can be replaced, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. The area of anchor storage from Figure 6 is again in Figure 9 in detail shown, here the cut a little outwards into the side wall of the base body is laid around the bearing shell 61 to show. The meandering connecting section 42 has in in this case an integrally molded connecting pin 43, which is led through an opening 19 of the base to the outside. Through a locking pin 62 formed on the base body the opening 19 is closed and the pin 43 is fixed. The bearing section is again schematized in FIG of the anchor shown from the side. In this case, one is simple angled connection section 42 with an additional molded closure piece 44 provided with the Connector pin is inserted into the opening 19 of the base and closes it.

A further modified embodiment of the bearing details shows FIG. 11. In this case, the connection section is 42 in its horizontal and diagonally upward part encapsulated by the sheath 33 of the contact arrangement, so that only the vertical part is springy. In this case too a closure piece 44 is sprayed onto the connection section.

In a further modification, FIG. 12 shows that a meandering or other shaped connection section 42 instead of a molded thin pin also with a solid connecting pin anchored in the base 23, similar to that in FIG. 5, can be connected. The connector pin In this case, 23 is through a recess 45 of the connecting section 42 inserted and not shown in detail Way connected to this.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show a further modification in two Detail views shown, the anchor over a bearing journal 41 is stored as before and the contact springs each via a connecting section 42, which is parallel as a torsion bar to the bearing axis from the anchor to the outside, with a round pin 23 are connected.

Another modification of the anchor bearing is in the figures 15 and 16 are shown, largely as shown in the figures 6 and 7 correspond. In modification of the embodiment there 15 is the anchor here according to FIG additional bearing piece 46 stored on the permanent magnet 55, the forms a bearing cutting edge 47. The anchor has one in its Axial area molded bearing notch 48, which as well the bearing edge has an obtuse angle or can also be rounded. The contact springs 34 are in this case via a meandering connecting section 42 connected to a pin 23.

Further modifications are possible, especially individual ones Elements from the various examples, in particular the different anchor bearings and contact spring connections, can be combined with each other.

Claims (20)

1. Polarized electromagnetic relay having

   a base (1) made of insulating material, which defines a base plane with its bottom side (11) and in which carriers (13) for fixed contacts (14) and also contact connection pins (15, 16; 20; 23; 43) are anchored,

   a rocker armature (3), which is arranged above the base (1) and is mounted centrally on both sides with an axis of rotation parallel to the base plane,

   a coil (7) arranged above the armature (3) and having an axis which is parallel to the base plane and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the armature,

   a core (74) arranged axially in the coil and having, at both ends, yokes (54) directed downwards perpendicularly to the base plane, the said yokes respectively forming operating air gaps with the ends of the armature (32),

   a permanent magnet arrangement (55), which produces like magnet poles (S) in the yokes (54) and an opposite magnet pole (N) with respect thereto above the axis of rotation of the armature, and

   a contact spring arrangement (34), which is fixedly connected to the armature (3) via an insulating material encapsulation (33) and interacts with the fixed contacts (14) of the base (1) in accordance with the armature movement,

   characterized

   in that a base body (5) made of insulating material is provided, which forms a partition (51) parallel to the base plane - with bushings (53) for the yokes (54) - between the armature (3) and the coil (7),

   in that the base body (5) is interlocked with the base (1) by means of side walls (52) and forms, with the said base, an at least partly closed switching space (4), and

   in that the base body (5) has a shoulder (57) on both sides of the armature (3), the contact connection pins (15, 16; 20; 23) arranged in a row in each case being situated under the said shoulder, and the said shoulder being suitable as required, as a supporting region for these connection pins.
2. Relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base body (5) has an essentially H-shaped cross section, the coil (7) being arranged in a trough-shaped coil space (6), which is open to the top.
3. Relay according to Claim 2, characterized in that the coil (7) is embedded at least partly in potting compound in the coil space (6).
4. Relay according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the coil space (6) is closed off by a covering plate (76) on the top side.
5. Relay according to Claim 4, characterized in that the covering plate (76) is composed of metal at least in a layer on the top side.
6. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the permanent magnet arrangement comprises a three-pole magnetized permanent magnet (55) in the form of a bar which is fastened in the base body (5) below the partition (51) between the yokes (54).
7. Relay according to Claim 6, characterized in that the permanent magnet (55) is clamped in between vertical wall sections (56) of the base body (5).
8. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the contact spring arrangement comprises two contact springs (34) arranged in one plane, each contact spring in each case having a flexible connection section (36; 42) which is routed out laterally in the bearing region of the armature (3) and is connected to a connection pin (16, 20; 23) anchored in the base (1).
9. Relay according to Claim 8, characterized in that the connection sections (36) simultaneously serve as bearing strips for the armature (3).
10. Relay according to Claim 8, characterized in that horizontal bearing journals (41) in each case are integrally formed on the insulating encapsulation (33), which is connected to the armature, laterally in the bearing region of the armature, the said bearing journals lying in corresponding bearing shells (61) of the base body (5).
11. Relay according to Claim 10, characterized in that the connection sections (42) of the contact springs (34) in each case form connection pins (43) which are integrally formed in one piece and are routed outwards to openings (19) in the base (1).
12. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that conductor tracks of a prestamped circuit board which are embedded in one plane in the base (1) in each case form carriers (13) for the fixed contacts (14), if appropriate upwardly bent connection sections (16a) for the contact springs and connection pins (15; 16; 43) routed out perpendicularly downwards.
13. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that conductor tracks which are embedded in one plane in the base (1) in each case form carriers (13) for the fixed contacts, and in that connection pins (20; 23), perpendicular to the base plane, passing through the plane of the conductor tracks are connected to the latter and are supported by their upper ends (21) on the shoulder (57) of the base body (5).
14. Relay according to Claim 13, characterized in that those ends of the connection pins (23) which emerge at the underside of the base are formed into press-fit pegs (25).
15. Relay according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that those ends of the connection pins (20) which emerge at the underside of the base are formed into SMT connection lugs (22).
16. Relay according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the top-side end sections (21; 24) of the connection pins (20; 23) project, in the region of the base body shoulder (57), into a groove (58), which is open to the bottom, and are fixed in the latter by cured potting compound (60).
17. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a respective test and ventilation opening (17) is provided in the base (1) below each armature vane (3; 32).
18. Relay according to Claim 11, characterized in that the connection lugs in each case have a meander-shaped section (42) in the region between the encapsulation (33) and their passage through the opening (19) in the base.
19. Relay according to Claim 11 or 18, characterized in that the connection lugs (43) of the contact springs (34) are in each case encapsulated by a closure stopper (44), which closes off the opening (19) in the base.
20. Relay according to Claim 11 or 18, characterized in that the connection lugs (43) of the contact springs (34) are fixed in the opening (19) in the base with a closure pin (62) protruding downwards from the base body (5).

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