EP0743707B1 - Connector modules - Google Patents
Connector modules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0743707B1 EP0743707B1 EP96303204A EP96303204A EP0743707B1 EP 0743707 B1 EP0743707 B1 EP 0743707B1 EP 96303204 A EP96303204 A EP 96303204A EP 96303204 A EP96303204 A EP 96303204A EP 0743707 B1 EP0743707 B1 EP 0743707B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contacts
- end portions
- slots
- rows
- row
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
- H01R9/22—Bases, e.g. strip, block, panel
- H01R9/24—Terminal blocks
- H01R9/2425—Structural association with built-in components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
- H01R9/22—Bases, e.g. strip, block, panel
- H01R9/24—Terminal blocks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
- H04Q1/02—Constructional details
- H04Q1/14—Distribution frames
- H04Q1/142—Terminal blocks for distribution frames
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
- H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
- H01R4/2425—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates
- H01R4/2429—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
- H01R9/22—Bases, e.g. strip, block, panel
- H01R9/24—Terminal blocks
- H01R9/2425—Structural association with built-in components
- H01R9/2441—Structural association with built-in components with built-in overvoltage protection
Definitions
- This invention relates to modules for electrically connecting sets of wires.
- connecting blocks comprising an array of insulation displacement contacts are typically used in telephone central offices, building entrance terminals, and outside plant cabinets for electrical connection between cables and cross-connect wiring.
- One example of such a connecting block is the standard 110 connector block.
- Such connector blocks include rows of insulation displacement contacts mounted within a plastic module. Each contact includes insulation piercing slots on both ends.
- One set of wires is placed within an alignment strip, and the contact module is placed over the wires in order to make contact therewith.
- a second set of wires is inserted into the opposite end of the contacts to complete the electrical connection between the sets of wires.
- connector modules include slots for mounting protectors which are electrically connected to the contacts. (See, for example, U.S. Patents 4,171,857 and 4,283,103.)
- the invention is a connector module which includes two rows of contacts mounted within an insulating housing having a top and bottom surface. Each contact includes an end portion which is capable of providing electrical connection to a corresponding wire.
- the contacts are mounted so that the end portions of the first row extend through the top surface and the end portions of the second row extend through the bottom surface.
- the end portions of the two rows are laterally displaced, and the top and bottom surfaces include slots adjacent to the corresponding rows for receiving leads therein which make electrical contact with corresponding contacts.
- FIG. 1 Illustrated in FIG. 1 is a module 10 which can be inserted into a frame (not shown) along with other similar modules to form a connecting block.
- the module includes a housing which is made of insulating material such as plastic.
- the housing includes an essentially rectangular body portion 11 which is covered by caps, 14 and 15 respectively.
- the caps can be made of the same material as the housing and define an upper and lower surface 12 and 13 respectively, for the housing.
- Each cap includes a series of slits, e.g., 16, which permit insertion of a wire (e.g., 61 of FIG. 4 ) therein as discussed below.
- Each cap also includes a series of slots, e.g., 17 and 18 of FIG.
- first row of contacts e.g. 30 and a second row of contacts, e.g. 31.
- Each contact 30 and 31 includes an end portion, 32 and 33 respectively, which is capable of providing electrical connection to a wire 60 and 61, respectively.
- the end portions each comprise a slot 34 and 35 which pierces the insulation surrounding the wire to establish electrical contact.
- the contacts are mounted so that the end portions of the first row of contacts, e.g. 30, protrude through the top surface, 12 of the housing, while the end portions of the second row of contacts, e.g. 31 protrude through the bottom surface 13 of the housing.
- the end portions, e.g. 33 are also aligned with corresponding slits, e.g., 16 of FIG. 1, in the caps, e.g., 15 of FIG. 1, so that wires may be inserted through the caps for electrical connection by the contacts.
- the remainder of the contacts 30 and 31 also known as the stem portions, extend in the body portion, 11, so that one contact 30 from the first row makes mechanical and electrical contact with another contact, 31, from the second row.
- the two contacts make mechanical and electrical contact at two points, 38 and 39.
- the end portions of the first and second rows of contacts are laterally separated by a distance L, with the slots, e.g. 17 and 18 disposed in the lateral space.
- the contact points 38 and 39 are aligned with their respective slots 17 and 18 so that, in the example illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, a lead, 40 of a protector unit 21 may be inserted in the slot, 18, to make contact with the stems, and the lead 41 of a test cord 22, may be inserted in the slot 17 to also make contact with the stems.
- wires 61 from the cable can be connected to the contacts, e.g. 31, of the second row at the bottom of the module, and cross-connect wires 60 can be connected to the contacts, e.g., 30 of the first row at the top of the module.
- the density of terminations is increased.
- the user has the option of inserting protector units at the bottom surface as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, or at the top surface as illustrated in FIG. 5, where a protector cartridge, 20 including a plurality of gas tube protectors is illustrated.
- the protectors can remain in place when it is desired to insert a test probe 22 or a jumper cable (not shown) in the opposite surface of the module. Also, with the protectors on the bottom surface, there is plenty of room to connect the cross-connect wires at the top surface without the necessity of removing the protectors.
- the body portion 11 need not be open at the top and bottom and covered by the caps as shown, but can have its own top and bottom surface with either no cap or with a cap which covers only the end portions of the contacts.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
- Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
Description
- This invention relates to modules for electrically connecting sets of wires.
- In the telecommunications industry, connecting blocks comprising an array of insulation displacement contacts are typically used in telephone central offices, building entrance terminals, and outside plant cabinets for electrical connection between cables and cross-connect wiring. One example of such a connecting block is the standard 110 connector block. (See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 3,798,587.) Such connector blocks include rows of insulation displacement contacts mounted within a plastic module. Each contact includes insulation piercing slots on both ends. One set of wires is placed within an alignment strip, and the contact module is placed over the wires in order to make contact therewith. A second set of wires is inserted into the opposite end of the contacts to complete the electrical connection between the sets of wires. In some recent systems, connector modules include slots for mounting protectors which are electrically connected to the contacts. (See, for example, U.S. Patents 4,171,857 and 4,283,103.)
- While the prior art connector blocks are adequate, the fact that all wiring is generally done on the same surface has limited the density of wire terminations. Further, when protectors have been included in the block, they usually must be removed in order to insert jumper wires or test probes, creating inconvenience for the user.
- The invention is a connector module which includes two rows of contacts mounted within an insulating housing having a top and bottom surface. Each contact includes an end portion which is capable of providing electrical connection to a corresponding wire. The contacts are mounted so that the end portions of the first row extend through the top surface and the end portions of the second row extend through the bottom surface. The end portions of the two rows are laterally displaced, and the top and bottom surfaces include slots adjacent to the corresponding rows for receiving leads therein which make electrical contact with corresponding contacts.
- These and other features of the invention are delineated in detail in the following description. In the drawing:
- FIG 1 is a perspective view of a module in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
- FIGS. 2-4 are cross-sectional views of a module in accordance with the same embodiment; and
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the module of FIG. 1 with an additional component illustrated.
-
- It will be appreciated that, for purposes of illustration, these figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
- Illustrated in FIG. 1 is a
module 10 which can be inserted into a frame (not shown) along with other similar modules to form a connecting block. The module includes a housing which is made of insulating material such as plastic. The housing includes an essentiallyrectangular body portion 11 which is covered by caps, 14 and 15 respectively. The caps can be made of the same material as the housing and define an upper andlower surface bottom surfaces - As illustrated in FIGS. 2-4, mounted within the housing is a first row of contacts, e.g. 30 and a second row of contacts, e.g. 31. Each
contact 30 and 31 includes an end portion, 32 and 33 respectively, which is capable of providing electrical connection to awire slot 34 and 35 which pierces the insulation surrounding the wire to establish electrical contact. The contacts are mounted so that the end portions of the first row of contacts, e.g. 30, protrude through the top surface, 12 of the housing, while the end portions of the second row of contacts, e.g. 31 protrude through thebottom surface 13 of the housing. The end portions, e.g. 33 are also aligned with corresponding slits, e.g., 16 of FIG. 1, in the caps, e.g., 15 of FIG. 1, so that wires may be inserted through the caps for electrical connection by the contacts. - The remainder of the
contacts 30 and 31 also known as the stem portions, extend in the body portion, 11, so that one contact 30 from the first row makes mechanical and electrical contact with another contact, 31, from the second row. In this embodiment, the two contacts make mechanical and electrical contact at two points, 38 and 39. - It will be noted that the end portions of the first and second rows of contacts, e.g. 30 and 31, are laterally separated by a distance L, with the slots, e.g. 17 and 18 disposed in the lateral space. The
contact points respective slots 17 and 18 so that, in the example illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, a lead, 40 of aprotector unit 21 may be inserted in the slot, 18, to make contact with the stems, and the lead 41 of atest cord 22, may be inserted in theslot 17 to also make contact with the stems. - It will be appreciated that there are several advantages to the module disclosed herein. For example,
wires 61 from the cable can be connected to the contacts, e.g. 31, of the second row at the bottom of the module, andcross-connect wires 60 can be connected to the contacts, e.g., 30 of the first row at the top of the module. By utilizing two surfaces of the module, the density of terminations is increased. Further, the user has the option of inserting protector units at the bottom surface as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, or at the top surface as illustrated in FIG. 5, where a protector cartridge, 20 including a plurality of gas tube protectors is illustrated. In either case, the protectors can remain in place when it is desired to insert atest probe 22 or a jumper cable (not shown) in the opposite surface of the module. Also, with the protectors on the bottom surface, there is plenty of room to connect the cross-connect wires at the top surface without the necessity of removing the protectors. - Various modifications of the embodiment described herein will become apparent to the skilled artisan. For example, the
body portion 11 need not be open at the top and bottom and covered by the caps as shown, but can have its own top and bottom surface with either no cap or with a cap which covers only the end portions of the contacts.
Claims (5)
- A connector module comprising:an insulating housing (11, 14, 15) having a top and bottom surface (12, 13);first and second rows of contacts (30, 31) mounted within the housing, each contact including an end portion (32, 33) which is capable of providing electrical connection to a corresponding wire (60, 61) and a stem portion (42, 43),
the contacts being mounted so that the end portions of the first row extend through the top surface (12) and the end portions of the second row extend through the bottom surface (13), the end portions of the first and second rows being laterally displaced, and the top and bottom surfaces including slots (17, 18) adjacent to the corresponding rows for receiving therein leads which make electrical contact with corresponding contacts. - A connector module according to claim 1 wherein each end portion provides electrical connection by means of an insulation piercing slot (34, 35).
- A connector module according to claim 1 wherein the stem portions (42) of the contacts of the first row make electrical connection with the stem portions (43) of corresponding contacts of the second row and are aligned with corresponding slots (17, 18) in the top and bottom surfaces in order to receive leads which are inserted in the slots.
- A connector module according to claim 1 wherein the housing includes insulating caps (14, 15) placed over the end portions of the first and second rows of contacts, said caps including slits (16) aligned with corresponding end portions to permit wires to be inserted therein for making electrical connection with the end portions and slots (17) aligned with the stem portions to permit insertion of leads therein.
- A connector module according to claim 1 further comprising a protector component (20) with at least one lead (19) inserted into a slot on one of the top and bottom surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US442866 | 1995-05-17 | ||
US08/442,866 US5575689A (en) | 1995-05-17 | 1995-05-17 | Connector modules |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0743707A1 EP0743707A1 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
EP0743707B1 true EP0743707B1 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
Family
ID=23758462
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96303204A Expired - Lifetime EP0743707B1 (en) | 1995-05-17 | 1996-05-08 | Connector modules |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5575689A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0743707B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08321334A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100385805B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1064784C (en) |
BR (1) | BR9602242A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2174268C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69603542T2 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1003758A1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY117254A (en) |
TW (1) | TW276366B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA963721B (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5805404A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1998-09-08 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Common insulating housing for elements of varying terminals |
US5718593A (en) * | 1995-07-03 | 1998-02-17 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Polarity-sensitive protector device |
US5722850A (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 1998-03-03 | Molex Incorporated | Telecommunications connectors |
US5879197A (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-03-09 | Adc Telecommunications, Inc. | Jack module |
US6074257A (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-06-13 | Porta Systems Corp. | Electrical connection strip with pivoting conductor guide |
US6238232B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2001-05-29 | Avaya Technology Corp. | High density connector module |
US6994582B1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2006-02-07 | Porta Systems Corporation | Connector module |
DE102004017605B3 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-10-20 | Adc Gmbh | Connectors for printed circuit boards and distributor connection module |
US7335049B2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2008-02-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Connector assembly for housing insulation displacement elements |
US7399197B2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2008-07-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Connector assembly for housing insulation displacement elements |
US7458840B2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2008-12-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cap configured to removably connect to an insulation displacement connector block |
US7101216B2 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-09-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Insulation displacement system for two electrical conductors |
EP1699117A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A telecommunications module, an assembly of a telecommunications module and at least one outside module, a method for manufacturing a telecommunications module, and a use of a telecommunications module |
US7303446B2 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2007-12-04 | 3M Innovative Proprties Company | Frame assembly |
US20060264090A1 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-23 | Dower William V | Electrical connector assembly and method of forming the same |
US7207818B1 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Telecommunications assembly including at least one telecommunications module |
US7165983B1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2007-01-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Access cover configured to receive a testing device |
US7335069B1 (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-02-26 | Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina | Plugless normally-open connector module |
DE102007026097B4 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2023-05-11 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Connectors for printed circuit boards |
DE102007026095A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Adc Gmbh | Earth comb, in particular for a connector for printed circuit boards |
DE102007026094B4 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2023-05-11 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Contact element for a connector for printed circuit boards |
DE102007026102B3 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-11-13 | Adc Gmbh | Connectors for printed circuit boards |
DE102007026096A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Adc Gmbh | Cable termination module |
DE202007010607U1 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2007-12-06 | CCS Technology, Inc., Wilmington | Functional element of a telecommunications system |
SG152076A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-05-29 | Adc Gmbh | Cross connect block |
DE102008047375A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Cobi Net Fernmelde- Und Datennetzkomponenten Gmbh | mounting tray |
EP2553939B1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2016-10-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Telecommunications module with disconnection feature |
DE102011101201B4 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2019-12-05 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Distributor connection module and method for wiring a distributor connection module |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3308422A (en) * | 1965-08-19 | 1967-03-07 | Donald C Boysen | Bridging connector for telephone terminal blocks |
US3588785A (en) * | 1969-12-03 | 1971-06-28 | Ibm | Connector assembly |
BE794021A (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1973-05-02 | Western Electric Co | PERFECTED WIRE CONNECTION BLOCK |
US3966074A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1976-06-29 | Proto Production Plastics, Inc. | Terminal box and cover |
FR2341974A1 (en) * | 1976-02-18 | 1977-09-16 | Causse Raoul | LOW VOLTAGE LINE PROTECTION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR TELEPHONE NETWORKS |
US4059331A (en) * | 1976-02-20 | 1977-11-22 | Reliable Electric Company | Terminal block |
DE2725551C2 (en) * | 1977-06-07 | 1983-11-17 | Krone Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | Electrical clamp connector |
DE2804478C2 (en) * | 1978-01-31 | 1982-11-25 | Krone Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | Electrical clamp connector for the production of a contact on a fixed connection element without soldering, screwing or stripping, in particular for telecommunication line technology |
FR2423105A1 (en) * | 1978-04-10 | 1979-11-09 | Carpano & Pons | CONNECTION BLOCK FOR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS |
DE3710896A1 (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1988-10-20 | Krone Ag | DISTRIBUTION BOARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES, IN PARTICULAR HOUSE ENTRANCE DISTRIBUTION BOARD |
DE3726741C1 (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-09-01 | Krone Ag | Terminal block of telecommunications technology |
DE8716919U1 (en) * | 1987-12-23 | 1988-02-18 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Connection block for incoming and outgoing electrical cables |
DE3909783C2 (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1996-06-13 | Krone Ag | Protective plug for terminal strips in telecommunications and data technology |
DE4015238A1 (en) * | 1990-05-10 | 1991-11-14 | Krone Ag | CONNECTION BAR FOR TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY |
US5285014A (en) * | 1991-12-11 | 1994-02-08 | Gayland Gilchrist | Paint shield for electrical outlets and switches |
US5364288A (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-11-15 | North American Philips Corporation | Electrical connecting device |
-
1995
- 1995-05-17 US US08/442,866 patent/US5575689A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-13 TW TW084106024A patent/TW276366B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-04-16 CA CA002174268A patent/CA2174268C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-08 EP EP96303204A patent/EP0743707B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-08 DE DE69603542T patent/DE69603542T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-10 ZA ZA963721A patent/ZA963721B/en unknown
- 1996-05-14 MY MYPI96001812A patent/MY117254A/en unknown
- 1996-05-14 BR BR9602242A patent/BR9602242A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-15 CN CN96107420A patent/CN1064784C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-16 JP JP8120725A patent/JPH08321334A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-05-16 KR KR1019960016420A patent/KR100385805B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-04-03 HK HK98102827A patent/HK1003758A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9602242A (en) | 1998-01-13 |
DE69603542T2 (en) | 2000-02-17 |
KR100385805B1 (en) | 2003-09-19 |
MY117254A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
US5575689A (en) | 1996-11-19 |
CA2174268A1 (en) | 1996-11-18 |
CN1064784C (en) | 2001-04-18 |
MX9601819A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
CA2174268C (en) | 2001-08-14 |
EP0743707A1 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
CN1141520A (en) | 1997-01-29 |
HK1003758A1 (en) | 1998-11-06 |
JPH08321334A (en) | 1996-12-03 |
ZA963721B (en) | 1997-07-31 |
KR960043355A (en) | 1996-12-23 |
DE69603542D1 (en) | 1999-09-09 |
TW276366B (en) | 1996-05-21 |
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