EP0743393A2 - Paper material made from a fibrous pulp of industrial textile waste and exhausted sugarbeet pulp - Google Patents
Paper material made from a fibrous pulp of industrial textile waste and exhausted sugarbeet pulp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0743393A2 EP0743393A2 EP96107793A EP96107793A EP0743393A2 EP 0743393 A2 EP0743393 A2 EP 0743393A2 EP 96107793 A EP96107793 A EP 96107793A EP 96107793 A EP96107793 A EP 96107793A EP 0743393 A2 EP0743393 A2 EP 0743393A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- waste
- paper
- exhausted
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010784 textile waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182843 D-Lactic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-N D-lactic acid Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004063 acid-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 mixing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009896 oxidative bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/14—Secondary fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/12—Pulp from non-woody plants or crops, e.g. cotton, flax, straw, bagasse
Definitions
- the present invention relates to paper material made from a fibrous pulp of industrial textile waste and exhausted sugarbeet pulp; to a method of industrially producing such a pulp from said waste raw materials; and to a method of preserving the damp exhausted beet pulp used in the fabrication method according to the invention.
- a method of producing paper material from industrial textile and agricultural waste characterized by comprising the steps of:
- the present invention is based on the discovery that a fibrous pulp suitable for paper manufacture may be obtained easily and cheaply by mixing waste textile fibers, of acknowledged physical-mechanical properties, directly and in the right proportions with whole exhausted sugarbeet pulp resulting from diffusion extraction of sucrose, providing the exhausted pulp is used in the damp state.
- the exhausted beet pulp must contain a minimum of 40-50% by weight of humidity, and use is preferably made of pressed exhausted pulp in which the dry substance is limited to 22-28%, and more preferably 24-26%, of the total weight of the product.
- yet a further basis of the present invention is the possibility of preserving the damp exhausted beet pulp for long periods of time to prevent the formation of mold or similar (which would impair and contaminate the raw material) or any chemical or morphological alteration in the solid structure of the pulp (pectins, hemicellulose, cellulose) due to degradation or the use of chemical preservatives.
- the pulp is preserved by inducing lactic fermentation in anaerobic conditions to achieve and maintain in the damp pulp a pH of 4 to 4.5.
- the pulp may even be preserved for over a year, thus enabling it to be stored safely and easily, and to be used as raw material all the year round despite being produced on a strictly seasonal basis.
- damp exhausted pulp also eliminates the drying process, thus greatly reducing production cost as compared with known processes also employing exhausted beet pulp.
- the method according to the present invention also comprises the step of conditioning the damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp and waste textile fibers.
- the conditioning step is performed simultaneously with said mixing step, by performing the mixing step in a known Bi-VisTM machine capable of inducing a high shear rate in the mixed materials, and by operating in an aqueous suspension with a concentration of 2 to 20% by weight of solid substance, and in the presence of a strong base, preferably NaOH, dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.1 to 10 gr/l.
- a strong base preferably NaOH
- said conditioning step is performed prior to said mixing step, by hot treating both the damp exhausted pulp and the waste textile fibers in an autoclave, and instantaneously releasing the pressure.
- Such a treatment though used for entirely different materials, is known as "steam explosion".
- the autoclave treatment is performed by placing the materials separately inside a respective reactor made of stainless steel or other material resistant to an aggressive acid environment and high temperature, and presenting a large release valve at the bottom; supersaturated steam is then fed into the reactor at 20 to 30 bar pressure to bring the material to within a given temperature range and keep it there for a given length of time; at which point, the pressure is reduced instantaneously to ambient pressure by expelling the steam and materials simultaneously through said valve at the bottom of the reactor used as an autoclave.
- the waste textile fibers are treated at a temperature of 190 to 230°C for 2 to 10 minutes; whereas the damp exhausted beet pulp is treated less severely, at a temperature of 170 to 200°C for 2 to 6 minutes.
- the fiber structure and the supramolecular structure of both the textile fibers and the polysaccharide organic material in the pulp used in the method according to the invention are therefore so modified as to permit mixing using normal paper manufacturing methods.
- a similar variation in textile fiber structure is also obtained operating simultaneously with the mixing step according to the first embodiment described above, wherein the material for mixing, strongly diluted in soda water, is fed into mixers capable of developing very high shear rates, e.g. Bi-VisTM machines.
- mixers capable of developing very high shear rates, e.g. Bi-VisTM machines.
- the "conditioning" to which the materials for mixing are subjected enables any other raw materials, such as conventional wood pulp, to be eliminated, unlike other known processes employing agricultural and/or industrial waste.
- the waste cellulosic textile fibers used in the method according to the invention are selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic cellulosic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof. Waste cotton fiber from the manufacture of cotton products is, however, preferred.
- additives compatible with said paper manufacturing technique may be added to the pulp mixture to obtain specific characteristics of the finished paper material.
- limited amounts about 2% by weight, calculated on the total weight of dry pulp, i.e. not taking into account the weight of the water
- limited amounts about 2-20% by weight, calculated on dry pulp
- inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, china clay, etc.
- any other known additive such as sizing agents, adhesives (synthetic or rosin-based), and bleaching agents may be added to the paper pulp according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention also comprises the step of "bleaching" the mixture of beet pulp and fibers, which is preferably done during the mixing step in a Bi-Vis machine, by adding to the mixture 3-5% by weight (calculated on dry pulp only, i.e. without calculating the water) of hydrogen peroxide (or any other non-chlorine-based oxidizing bleaching agent, such as ozone, peracids, etc.), which provides for obtaining an excellent degree of whiteness of 70 to 75% (measured to ISO standards).
- hydrogen peroxide or any other non-chlorine-based oxidizing bleaching agent, such as ozone, peracids, etc.
- chlorine-based bleaching agents may also affect the cellulosic fiber structure of the beet pulp, and are therefore to be avoided.
- the paper pulp obtained using the method according to the invention comprises water, 2 to 50% of beet pulp, and, say, up to 80% of industrial waste cotton fiber or other cellulosic fibers.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a paper pulp which may be produced exclusively from cellulosic and fibrous raw materials in the form of industrial waste, characterized by comprising a mixture of 2 to 50% of exhausted sugarbeet pulp, and 88 to 40% of waste textile fibers selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof.
- the present invention also relates to an ecological paper material, characterized by comprising textile fibers mixed with a cellulosic matrix exclusively comprising exhausted sugarbeet pulp.
- the fibrous pulp according to the present invention may be used for producing widely different types of paper, by virtue of featuring a mixture of materials with complementary and synergic structural and morphological characteristics; and the invention also provides for a new ecological, low-energy paper manufacturing method capable of meeting the requirements of leading ecological brands.
- Beet pulp preparation and preservation - Sugarbeet pulp from the diffusion extraction of sucrose is partially dehydrated by pressing it to obtain a dry substance content of 22 to 28% (preferably 24 to 26%) by weight.
- the residual sucrose content may vary from 1.1 to 3% (on average, from 1.5 to 2%) by weight, calculated on dry pulp; the temperature of the pulp just after pressing is about 50°C; and the content of antifermenting products (such as formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium salts, etc.) must not exceed the normal amount remaining in exhausted pulp following normal antiseptic diffusion treatment.
- the damp exhausted beet pulp is ensiled anaerobically.
- the pressed ensiled pulp with correct lactic fermentation presents the following average composition: dry substance 25-27 % of total weight raw fiber 21-22 % of total weight pH 3.8-4.1 lactic acid 5.0-5.5 % by weight of dry pulp acetic acid 1-2 % by weight of dry pulp propionic acid ⁇ 0.01 % by weight of dry pulp L-butyric acid ⁇ 0.01 % by weight of dry pulp n-butyric acid ⁇ 0.01 % by weight of dry pulp valeric acid ⁇ 0.01 % by weight of dry pulp ethanol 0.1-0.20 % by weight of dry pulp In the above conditions, the damp pulp is preserved perfectly for long periods, even for over a year.
- the preservation method according to the invention was also tested, and gave the same results, using cold pressed exhausted pulp (at ambient temperature of, on average, 10 to 25°C).
- the sucrose content must be controlled and, if necessary, integrated to keep it at least equal to 1.5-2% by weight of dry pulp. If below this value, a sufficient amount of sugar, usually molasses, is added to the pulp, or Lactobacillus delbgurll is inoculated to reach the above value. Since oxygen encourages the formation of mold and yeast, anaerobic conditions must be guaranteed during ensilage. For this reason, the third method described above, using plastic bags, is preferable, and also presents the added advantages of ensuring the pulp is tightly packed, thus assisting fermentation, and of reducing storage cost by requiring no building work.
- Paper production using the Bi-Vis method Cotton waste and waste from other industrial textile processes (spinning, weaving, manufacture) are mixed - as they are or carded beforehand - with exhausted beet pulp preserved damp as in Example 1. Mixing is performed initially in a normal pulper equipped with a screw mixer, and in the presence of an aqueous solution of NaOH with a concentration of 4% by weight of dry pulp. The mixture, diluted with water to a concentration of 2% by weight of dry pulp, is then fed at the rate of 7 kg/h into a standard semiindustrial Bi-VisTM facility.
- the paper die cycle comprises: dispersion in water, addition of additives, mixing, cloth draining, damp pressing, and drying on a plate heated to 105°C, at the end of which, the paper sheet presents a residual humidity of 5-10% by weight.
- the sheets of different substance so formed are then conditioned in a conditioned chamber maintained at a temperature of 23°C and 50% relative humidity, and then subjected to mechanical and technological testing to ISO/UNI standards. The results are shown in comparison Table 1.
- the values relative to the sheets produced from the pulp according to the invention are comparable with the normal values of paper produced from conventional chemical pulp with a cellulosic content derived entirely from wood. Moreover, the pulp containing absolutely no beet pulp results in paper of slightly poorer properties, and above all with excessively high permeability values.
- Paper production using the steam explosion method -Waste cotton of the same type as in Example 2 is first steam explosion treated in a pilot facility. Supersaturated steam is used, and the cotton fibers maintained at a temperature of 210°C for about 4 minutes.
- the beet pulp in Example 1 is pretreated in the same facility at a lower temperature (170°C) for 2 minutes.
- the fibrous material so formed is mixed in varying proportions (% by weight) in the Example 2 pulper, and, operating as in Example 2, is subjected to a standard paper die cycle to produce 200 cm 2 sheets using the same facility as in Example 2.
- the physical-mechanical characteristics are shown in Table 2 and, as can be seen, are fully comparable with those of Example 2.
- white 200 cm 2 sheets of paper are produced by adding to the mixture, as it is mixed in a Bi-VisTM machine, from 3 to 5% by weight, calculated on dry pulp (odp), of 12-volume hydrogen peroxide.
- the physical-mechanical properties are the same as in Table 1.
- the degree of whiteness of the finished paper is assessed to ISO standards and found to range from 70 to 75%, which is more than enough to enable the paper according to the invention, and with the addition of normal bleaching agents, to be used in applications requiring a high degree of whiteness (writing and printing paper, etc.).
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to paper material made from a fibrous pulp of industrial textile waste and exhausted sugarbeet pulp; to a method of industrially producing such a pulp from said waste raw materials; and to a method of preserving the damp exhausted beet pulp used in the fabrication method according to the invention.
- Producing paper from textile waste is an ancient process. In fact, up to the seventeenth century, paper was produced almost exclusively from waste linen yarn and fabric glued using protein-based material of various sources.
- Since that time, the traditional use of textile waste and the demand for large quantities of paper material has led to the introduction of new techniques based almost exclusively on the use of fibrous materials from a wide range of multiannual plants, i.e. extensive use of cellulose for paper manufacture. Only a limited amount of poor quality paper and cardboard is still produced using agricultural waste, such as straw, and waste from the cultivation of cotton (linters), especially for producing paper money.
- In recent years, however, environmental problems, a shortage of conventional wood fiber, and a surplus of human and animal food products, have led to renewed interest in the use of industrial and agricultural waste as a source of raw material for the paper industry.
- The use of agricultural waste in the paper industry is, for example, the object of Czechoslovak Patent n. 174.308 and Italian Industrial Invention Patent Application n. VA93A000020 filed on 20.09.1993. The first proposes using only the cellulose present in beet pulp, which is extracted and added to conventional paper pulp to the amount of roughly 30% by weight; whereas the second proposes using the beet pulp as a whole, to the amount of up to 45% by weight, as an organic filler in conventional paper pulp of wood of various sources. In both methods, however, the material obtained from the beet pulp must be dried before use, thus greatly increasing cost as compared with conventional paper pulp. Moreover, in the case of the Czechoslovak patent, not all the beet pulp is used, thus further increasing production cost by requiring additional pressing, which cannot be performed at the paper mill; and both methods involve using considerable quantities of conventional wood pulp.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing good quality paper material, designed to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, and which, in particular, provides for producing paper pulp exclusively from waste materials and at low cost.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a method of producing paper material from industrial textile and agricultural waste, characterized by comprising the steps of:
- mixing damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp with waste textile fibers;
- diluting said mixture with water, with or without additives, to obtain a paper pulp compatible with a predetermined paper manufacturing technique; and
- manufacturing said paper material by applying said predetermined paper manufacturing technique to said paper pulp comprising the diluted mixture; said mixture forming the only cellulosic raw material in said paper pulp.
- In other words, the present invention is based on the discovery that a fibrous pulp suitable for paper manufacture may be obtained easily and cheaply by mixing waste textile fibers, of acknowledged physical-mechanical properties, directly and in the right proportions with whole exhausted sugarbeet pulp resulting from diffusion extraction of sucrose, providing the exhausted pulp is used in the damp state. In particular, the exhausted beet pulp must contain a minimum of 40-50% by weight of humidity, and use is preferably made of pressed exhausted pulp in which the dry substance is limited to 22-28%, and more preferably 24-26%, of the total weight of the product.
- yet a further basis of the present invention is the possibility of preserving the damp exhausted beet pulp for long periods of time to prevent the formation of mold or similar (which would impair and contaminate the raw material) or any chemical or morphological alteration in the solid structure of the pulp (pectins, hemicellulose, cellulose) due to degradation or the use of chemical preservatives.
- According to the present invention, the pulp is preserved by inducing lactic fermentation in anaerobic conditions to achieve and maintain in the damp pulp a pH of 4 to 4.5. In this condition, the pulp may even be preserved for over a year, thus enabling it to be stored safely and easily, and to be used as raw material all the year round despite being produced on a strictly seasonal basis. Using damp exhausted pulp also eliminates the drying process, thus greatly reducing production cost as compared with known processes also employing exhausted beet pulp.
- To simplify mixing, in view of the widely differing morphological structures of the two components used (textile waste and exhausted beet pulp), the method according to the present invention also comprises the step of conditioning the damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp and waste textile fibers.
- According to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the conditioning step is performed simultaneously with said mixing step, by performing the mixing step in a known Bi-Vis™ machine capable of inducing a high shear rate in the mixed materials, and by operating in an aqueous suspension with a concentration of 2 to 20% by weight of solid substance, and in the presence of a strong base, preferably NaOH, dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.1 to 10 gr/l.
- According to an alternative embodiment, said conditioning step is performed prior to said mixing step, by hot treating both the damp exhausted pulp and the waste textile fibers in an autoclave, and instantaneously releasing the pressure. Such a treatment, though used for entirely different materials, is known as "steam explosion".
- The autoclave treatment is performed by placing the materials separately inside a respective reactor made of stainless steel or other material resistant to an aggressive acid environment and high temperature, and presenting a large release valve at the bottom; supersaturated steam is then fed into the reactor at 20 to 30 bar pressure to bring the material to within a given temperature range and keep it there for a given length of time; at which point, the pressure is reduced instantaneously to ambient pressure by expelling the steam and materials simultaneously through said valve at the bottom of the reactor used as an autoclave.
- More specifically, the waste textile fibers are treated at a temperature of 190 to 230°C for 2 to 10 minutes; whereas the damp exhausted beet pulp is treated less severely, at a temperature of 170 to 200°C for 2 to 6 minutes.
- The fiber structure and the supramolecular structure of both the textile fibers and the polysaccharide organic material in the pulp used in the method according to the invention are therefore so modified as to permit mixing using normal paper manufacturing methods. A similar variation in textile fiber structure is also obtained operating simultaneously with the mixing step according to the first embodiment described above, wherein the material for mixing, strongly diluted in soda water, is fed into mixers capable of developing very high shear rates, e.g. Bi-Vis™ machines. These are none other than a mixing channel several meters long and housing two side by side counter-rotating opposite-pitch screws, which provide for simultaneously mixing and feeding the material, fed in by a hopper, to the output end of the channel. With a throughput speed of 2 to 10 kg/h, such machines are capable of developing in the material, as it is being mixed, a very high shear rate, which provides for considerably transforming the textile fibers so that they are fully compatible with the cellulose in the beet pulp.
- In both the embodiments described, the "conditioning" to which the materials for mixing are subjected enables any other raw materials, such as conventional wood pulp, to be eliminated, unlike other known processes employing agricultural and/or industrial waste.
- The waste cellulosic textile fibers used in the method according to the invention are selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic cellulosic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof. Waste cotton fiber from the manufacture of cotton products is, however, preferred.
- At the diluting step, additives compatible with said paper manufacturing technique may be added to the pulp mixture to obtain specific characteristics of the finished paper material. For example, limited amounts (about 2% by weight, calculated on the total weight of dry pulp, i.e. not taking into account the weight of the water) of known cationic starch to improve retention of the fine parts during the paper manufacturing process, and so provide for cleaner waste water from the mill; limited amounts (about 2-20% by weight, calculated on dry pulp) of inorganic fillers, such as calcium carbonate, china clay, etc.; and any other known additive, such as sizing agents, adhesives (synthetic or rosin-based), and bleaching agents may be added to the paper pulp according to the invention.
- More specifically, if the paper pulp is to be used for producing "white" paper, e.g. for printing, the method according to the invention also comprises the step of "bleaching" the mixture of beet pulp and fibers, which is preferably done during the mixing step in a Bi-Vis machine, by adding to the mixture 3-5% by weight (calculated on dry pulp only, i.e. without calculating the water) of hydrogen peroxide (or any other non-chlorine-based oxidizing bleaching agent, such as ozone, peracids, etc.), which provides for obtaining an excellent degree of whiteness of 70 to 75% (measured to ISO standards). In addition to being pollutant, chlorine-based bleaching agents may also affect the cellulosic fiber structure of the beet pulp, and are therefore to be avoided.
- In general, therefore, the paper pulp obtained using the method according to the invention comprises water, 2 to 50% of beet pulp, and, say, up to 80% of industrial waste cotton fiber or other cellulosic fibers.
- The present invention therefore also relates to a paper pulp which may be produced exclusively from cellulosic and fibrous raw materials in the form of industrial waste, characterized by comprising a mixture of 2 to 50% of exhausted sugarbeet pulp, and 88 to 40% of waste textile fibers selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof.
- The present invention also relates to an ecological paper material, characterized by comprising textile fibers mixed with a cellulosic matrix exclusively comprising exhausted sugarbeet pulp.
- The fibrous pulp according to the present invention may be used for producing widely different types of paper, by virtue of featuring a mixture of materials with complementary and synergic structural and morphological characteristics; and the invention also provides for a new ecological, low-energy paper manufacturing method capable of meeting the requirements of leading ecological brands.
- The present invention and further characteristics and advantages thereof will now be described in detail and purely by way of example with reference to the following non-limiting practical embodiments.
- Beet pulp preparation and preservation - Sugarbeet pulp from the diffusion extraction of sucrose is partially dehydrated by pressing it to obtain a dry substance content of 22 to 28% (preferably 24 to 26%) by weight. The residual sucrose content may vary from 1.1 to 3% (on average, from 1.5 to 2%) by weight, calculated on dry pulp; the temperature of the pulp just after pressing is about 50°C; and the content of antifermenting products (such as formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium salts, etc.) must not exceed the normal amount remaining in exhausted pulp following normal antiseptic diffusion treatment.
After regulating the composition, the damp exhausted beet pulp is ensiled anaerobically. Three different ensiling methods were experimented, all of which gave more or less the same results: conventional "trench" and "concrete platform" methods; and a new method limited so far to the conservation of forage, and wherein the damp exhausted pulp is placed inside cylindrical plastic bags of about 2.5 m in diameter, about 30 m long, and made of synthetic acid-resistant material of low oxygen permeability and good mechanical characteristics; the pulp is tamped into the bags by a special machine; and the bag is sealed hermetically and left resting directly on the ground with no flooring.
In all cases, and with no need for inoculum, ensiling results in anaerobic lactic fermentation of the damp pulp, wherein the remaining sugar in the pulp is mainly converted into lactic acid to lower the pH to about 4 and, on average, to 3.8 to 4.1. Such pH values provide for preserving the solid structure of the pulp (pectins, hemicellulose, cellulose) intact and so preventing the formation and/or development of mold and yeast which might destroy the structure of the pulp. To achieve this, the pH value must in no case exceed 4.5.
The pressed ensiled pulp with correct lactic fermentation presents the following average composition:dry substance 25-27 % of total weight raw fiber 21-22 % of total weight pH 3.8-4.1 lactic acid 5.0-5.5 % by weight of dry pulp acetic acid 1-2 % by weight of dry pulp propionic acid <0.01 % by weight of dry pulp L-butyric acid <0.01 % by weight of dry pulp n-butyric acid <0.01 % by weight of dry pulp valeric acid <0.01 % by weight of dry pulp ethanol 0.1-0.20 % by weight of dry pulp
The preservation method according to the invention was also tested, and gave the same results, using cold pressed exhausted pulp (at ambient temperature of, on average, 10 to 25°C). In this case, however, the sucrose content must be controlled and, if necessary, integrated to keep it at least equal to 1.5-2% by weight of dry pulp. If below this value, a sufficient amount of sugar, usually molasses, is added to the pulp, or Lactobacillus delbrückll is inoculated to reach the above value.
Since oxygen encourages the formation of mold and yeast, anaerobic conditions must be guaranteed during ensilage. For this reason, the third method described above, using plastic bags, is preferable, and also presents the added advantages of ensuring the pulp is tightly packed, thus assisting fermentation, and of reducing storage cost by requiring no building work. - Paper production using the Bi-Vis method - Cotton waste and waste from other industrial textile processes (spinning, weaving, manufacture) are mixed - as they are or carded beforehand - with exhausted beet pulp preserved damp as in Example 1. Mixing is performed initially in a normal pulper equipped with a screw mixer, and in the presence of an aqueous solution of NaOH with a concentration of 4% by weight of dry pulp. The mixture, diluted with water to a concentration of 2% by weight of dry pulp, is then fed at the rate of 7 kg/h into a standard semiindustrial Bi-Vis™ facility. After adding standard additives (8% by weight, calculated on dry pulp, of calcium carbonate, and 2% by weight, calculated on dry pulp, of cationic starch), the resulting pulp is subjected to a conventional paper die cycle using a standard Britannico sheet forming facility. The paper die cycle comprises: dispersion in water, addition of additives, mixing, cloth draining, damp pressing, and drying on a plate heated to 105°C, at the end of which, the paper sheet presents a residual humidity of 5-10% by weight.
The sheets of different substance so formed are then conditioned in a conditioned chamber maintained at a temperature of 23°C and 50% relative humidity, and then subjected to mechanical and technological testing to ISO/UNI standards.
The results are shown in comparison Table 1.
As can be seen, the values relative to the sheets produced from the pulp according to the invention are comparable with the normal values of paper produced from conventional chemical pulp with a cellulosic content derived entirely from wood. Moreover, the pulp containing absolutely no beet pulp results in paper of slightly poorer properties, and above all with excessively high permeability values.TABLE 1 PULP PROPERTIES IR IRB1 IRB2 IRB3 Waste cotton (% by weight) 90 80 75 60 Beet pulp (% by weight) 0 10 15 30 Cationic starch (% by weight) 2 2 2 2 Calcium carbonate (% by weight) 8 8 8 8 Freeness (SR) 33 32 37 45 SHEET PROPERTIES (1) Permeability (sec.) 42 148 150 202 Apparent consistency (kg/m3) 468 492 501 525 Tear length (km) 3.82 3.85 4.21 4.06 Stretch (%) 2.90 2.97 2.50 2.43 Tear energy (J/kg) 376 384 371 365 Tear resistance (Nm2/kg) 13.58 12.25 10.15 9.43 CMT (2) (N) 142 157 159 171 SCT (3) (kN/m) 2.43 2.46 2.63 2.77 Ash (% by weight) 4.83 4.92 5.12 5.19 (1) Measured using sheets of about 70 g/m2 if not otherwise stated. (2) CMT = Concora Medium Test: resistance to plane compression of laboratory undulated paper of about 120 g/m2 (3) SCT = Short-span Compression Test: resistance to short-span compression of sheets of about 120 g/m2. - Paper production using the steam explosion method -Waste cotton of the same type as in Example 2 is first steam explosion treated in a pilot facility. Supersaturated steam is used, and the cotton fibers maintained at a temperature of 210°C for about 4 minutes. The beet pulp in Example 1 is pretreated in the same facility at a lower temperature (170°C) for 2 minutes. The fibrous material so formed is mixed in varying proportions (% by weight) in the Example 2 pulper, and, operating as in Example 2, is subjected to a standard paper die cycle to produce 200 cm2 sheets using the same facility as in Example 2.
The physical-mechanical characteristics (measured to ISO standards) are shown in Table 2 and, as can be seen, are fully comparable with those of Example 2.TABLE 2 PULP PROPERTIES IR IRB1 IRB2 IRB3 Waste cotton (% by weight) 90 80 75 60 Beet pulp (% by weight) 0 10 15 30 Cationic starch (% by weight) 2 2 2 2 Calcium carbonate (% by weight) 8 8 8 8 Freeness (SR) 29 29 32 43 SHEET PROPERTIES (1) Permeability (sec.) 54 166 185 238 Apparent consistency (kg/m3) 512 566 576 624 Tear length (km) 3.51 3.55 3.76 4.16 Stretch (%) 2.01 2.07 2.90 2.78 Tear energy (J/kg) 257 268 316 275 Tear resistance (Nm2/kg) 12.43 11.15 10.61 9.22 CMT (2) (N) 154 161 178 202 SCT (3) (kN/m) 2.85 2.91 3.41 3.92 Ash (% by weight) 4.64 4.62 4.85 5.31 (1) As for Table 1 (2) CMT = as for Table 1 (3) SCT = as for Table 1 - Operating in the same way as in Example 2, white 200 cm2 sheets of paper are produced by adding to the mixture, as it is mixed in a Bi-Vis™ machine, from 3 to 5% by weight, calculated on dry pulp (odp), of 12-volume hydrogen peroxide. The physical-mechanical properties are the same as in Table 1. In addition, the degree of whiteness of the finished paper is assessed to ISO standards and found to range from 70 to 75%, which is more than enough to enable the paper according to the invention, and with the addition of normal bleaching agents, to be used in applications requiring a high degree of whiteness (writing and printing paper, etc.).
Claims (18)
- A method of producing paper material from industrial textile and agricultural waste, characterized by comprising the steps of:- mixing damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp with waste textile fibers;- diluting said mixture with water to obtain a paper pulp compatible with a predetermined paper manufacturing technique; and- manufacturing said paper material by applying said predetermined paper manufacturing technique to said paper pulp comprising the diluted mixture; said mixture forming the only cellulosic raw material in said paper pulp.
- A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that, in the course of said diluting step, respective additives compatible with said paper manufacturing technique are added to said mixture from which to prepare said pulp to achieve specific characteristics of the finished paper material.
- A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized by also comprising a conditioning step for conditioning said damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp and said waste textile fibers, to assist the mixing of the waste textile fibers with the exhausted pulp.
- A method as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that said conditioning step is performed simultaneously with said mixing step, by performing the mixing step in a Bi-Vis type machine capable of inducing a high shear rate in the mixed materials, and by operating in an aqueous suspension with a concentration of 2 to 20% by weight of solid substance, and in the presence of a strong base dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.1 to 10 gr/l.
- A method as claimed in Claim 3, characterized in that said conditioning step is performed prior to said mixing step, by hot treating both the damp exhausted pulp and the waste textile fibers in an autoclave, and instantaneously releasing the pressure.
- A method as claimed in Claim 5, characterized in that said autoclave treatment is performed by placing the materials for treatment separately inside a respective reactor, feeding supersaturated steam into the reactor at 20 to 30 bar pressure to bring the material to within a given temperature range, keeping the material within said given temperature range for a given length of time, and then instantaneously reducing the pressure to ambient pressure by expelling the steam and materials simultaneously from the reactor.
- A method as claimed in Claim 6, characterized in that said waste textile fibers are treated at a temperature of 190 to 230°C for 2 to 10 minutes.
- A method as claimed in Claim 6, characterized in that said damp exhausted sugarbeet pulp is treated at a temperature of 170 to 200°C for 2 to 6 minutes.
- A method as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims, characterized in that said waste textile fibers are selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic cellulosic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof.
- A method as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims characterized in that said paper pulp comprises water, soda, 2 to 50% of beet pulp, and, for the remainder, industrial waste cotton fiber.
- A method as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims characterized in that said damp exhausted beet pulp is derived from the diffusion extraction of sucrose, is pressed to obtain a dry substance content of 22 to 28% by weight of the total weight of damp pulp, and is stored in the absence of chemical additives pending the mixing step, by inducing lactic fermentation in the damp pulp in anaerobic conditions, to achieve and maintain a pH of the damp pulp of 4 to 4.5.
- A method as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims, characterized by comprising a "bleaching" step for "bleaching" the mixture of beet pulp and fibers; said "bleaching" step comprising adding to the mixture from 3 to 5% by weight, calculated on the dry substance only, of a non-chlorine-based oxidizing agent; said oxidizing agent preferably being hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
- A paper pulp which may be produced exclusively from cellulosic and fibrous raw materials in the form of industrial waste; characterized by comprising 2 to 50% of exhausted sugarbeet pulp mixed with waste textile fibers selected from a group comprising: cotton fibers and waste from the production of cotton or cotton yarn; linen fibers and waste from the production of linen or linen yarn; hemp fibers and waste from the production of hemp or hemp yarn; synthetic fibers, particularly waste from the production of viscose yarn; and mixtures thereof.
- A paper pulp as claimed in Claim 13, characterized in that the content of textile fibers in said mixture of exhausted beet pulp and textile fibers is such that the paper pulp contains up to 80% by weight of textile fibers.
- An ecological paper material, characterized by comprising textile fibers mixed with a cellulosic matrix exclusively comprising exhausted sugarbeet pulp.
- An ecological paper material producible from industrial waste, characterized by being produced using a method as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims from 1 to 12.
- An ecological paper material producible from industrial waste, characterized by being produced from a paper pulp as claimed in Claim 13 or 14.
- A method of preserving, without additives, exhausted sugarbeet pulp derived from the diffusion extraction of sucrose; the method comprising: a step wherein the humidity and sugar content of said pulp is regulated by bringing the content of dry substances of the pulp to 22 to 28% by weight, and the sugar content to at least 1.5 to 2% by weight, calculated on the dry pulp; and a step wherein anaerobic lactic fermentation is induced in said pulp to bring the pH of the pulp to 4 to 4.5.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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IT95TO000395A IT1279744B1 (en) | 1995-05-19 | 1995-05-19 | PAPER MATERIALS FROM FIBROUS MIXTURES BASED ON INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE WASTE AND EXHAUSTED SUGAR BEET PULP. |
ITTO950395 | 1995-05-19 |
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EP0743393A2 true EP0743393A2 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
EP0743393A3 EP0743393A3 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
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EP96107793A Withdrawn EP0743393A3 (en) | 1995-05-19 | 1996-05-15 | Paper material made from a fibrous pulp of industrial textile waste and exhausted sugarbeet pulp |
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Cited By (4)
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CN102248562A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-23 | 强光初 | Method for producing paperboards and paper tubes |
EP2148000A3 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-02-01 | OOO NPO 'Neftepromchim | Method for obtaining cellulose |
CN107044065A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-08-15 | 周燕 | A kind of paper-making pulping process |
US20210381166A1 (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-09 | Evrnu, Spc | Processing cellulose-containing materials for paper or packaging materials |
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DE3137232A1 (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-04-14 | Brummer, Johann Georg, Dipl.-Brau-Ing., 8706 Höchberg | Process for preserving sugar beet pulp |
US4832791A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1989-05-23 | Eduard Gerlach Gmbh | Multipurpose sheet material and method of manufacture |
FR2668508A1 (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-04-30 | Arjomari Europ | Paper product of flocked appearance |
EP0644293A1 (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-03-22 | CARTIERA FAVINI S.p.A. | Process for manufacturing paper from sugar-beet pulp and paper thus obtained |
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SU1313407A1 (en) * | 1985-03-04 | 1987-05-30 | Московский институт народного хозяйства им.Г.В.Плеханова | Method of preserving vegetables and roots having ph neutral alkali values |
JPH05331794A (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-14 | Kanebo Menshi Kk | Cotton paper and its production |
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- 1996-05-15 EP EP96107793A patent/EP0743393A3/en not_active Withdrawn
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US4832791A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1989-05-23 | Eduard Gerlach Gmbh | Multipurpose sheet material and method of manufacture |
DE3137232A1 (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1983-04-14 | Brummer, Johann Georg, Dipl.-Brau-Ing., 8706 Höchberg | Process for preserving sugar beet pulp |
FR2668508A1 (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-04-30 | Arjomari Europ | Paper product of flocked appearance |
EP0644293A1 (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-03-22 | CARTIERA FAVINI S.p.A. | Process for manufacturing paper from sugar-beet pulp and paper thus obtained |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 8802 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class D13, AN 88-012609 XP002046008 & SU 1 313 407 A (MOSCOW NAT ECONOMY INST) , 30 May 1987 * |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2148000A3 (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-02-01 | OOO NPO 'Neftepromchim | Method for obtaining cellulose |
CN102248562A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-11-23 | 强光初 | Method for producing paperboards and paper tubes |
CN102248562B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2013-07-24 | 强光初 | Method for producing paperboards and paper tubes |
CN107044065A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-08-15 | 周燕 | A kind of paper-making pulping process |
US20210381166A1 (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-09 | Evrnu, Spc | Processing cellulose-containing materials for paper or packaging materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ITTO950395A0 (en) | 1995-05-19 |
IT1279744B1 (en) | 1997-12-16 |
ITTO950395A1 (en) | 1996-11-19 |
EP0743393A3 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
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