EP0742870B1 - Hydrostatische axialkolbenmaschine - Google Patents

Hydrostatische axialkolbenmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0742870B1
EP0742870B1 EP95904712A EP95904712A EP0742870B1 EP 0742870 B1 EP0742870 B1 EP 0742870B1 EP 95904712 A EP95904712 A EP 95904712A EP 95904712 A EP95904712 A EP 95904712A EP 0742870 B1 EP0742870 B1 EP 0742870B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working
cam
machine
shaft
pistons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95904712A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0742870A1 (de
Inventor
Andrzej Osiecki
Leszek Osiecki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0742870A1 publication Critical patent/EP0742870A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0742870B1 publication Critical patent/EP0742870B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/14—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B1/16—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/14—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B1/18—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having self-acting distribution members, i.e. actuated by working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/26—Control
    • F04B1/28—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/0003—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving the distribution member forming both the inlet and discharge distributor for one single pumping chamber
    • F04B7/0015—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving the distribution member forming both the inlet and discharge distributor for one single pumping chamber and having a slidable movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to hydrostatic axial piston machines according to the species of claim 1.
  • a hydrostatic axial piston machine according to the species of claim 1 has been disclosed in US 2,391,579 "Reversible Engine".
  • Two support plates are attached immovably on the drive shaft.
  • the known machine consists of a cylinder block with axial pistons inside, mounted on a drive shaft, said axial pistons pressed against the face of a fixed fluid collector providing supply and drainage of working medium.
  • An inclined support plate mounted independently on a shaft together with a piston slipper forms a hydrostatic support for each piston.
  • the hydrostatic support is supplied with working medium from working chamber through a narrow hole in the piston and slipper.
  • the main drawback of such a construction and others, where the inclination angle can be changed from 0 to 15-20°, thereby providing stepless control of the stroke of piston, is a large energetic loss caused by influence of the fixed oil collector on a rotating cylinder block.
  • the main components are: friction force caused by hydrostatic unbalance, leakage and pressure drop due to rapid flow deflection in supply and drain channels caused by fast rotation. Together they are responsible for about 50% of total power loss of such a machine.
  • a linear narrow damping hole through the piston, which supplies the hydrostatic support unit with working medium gives a small pressure drop because of its limited length.
  • the pressure drop is about 1% of working chamber pressure.
  • the pressure drop results in a low stiffness of hydrostatic support and a big leakage through the clearance between the slipper and the support plate.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the drawback of the prior art and to achieve a machine with low energetic loss.
  • a hydrostatic axial piston machine with a drive shaft, a cylinder block with pistons and at least one support plate is characterized in that the
  • the cam is axially shiftable and/or rotatable on the shaft, preferably by a pusher which cooperates with an electromagnet.
  • Each piston is equipped inside with a screw throttle located on the hydrostatic support inlet of the slipper.
  • the reduction of dead volume to about 8 % stroke volume decreases volumetric loss. Further lowering of the flow volume ratio of the machine does not increase its dead volume, i.e. the dead volume is small independently of the current flow volume ratio as an effect of constant inclination angle of the support plate.
  • the cylinder block is fixed.
  • a fluid collector is eliminated and mechanical loss due to friction between collector and block together with pressure drop due to fluid stream deflection are excluded.
  • screw throttles assembled in the pistons not only reduce the dead volume, but also enable to obtain pressure drop of 10-15 % of the pressure of the working chamber, which improves the hydrostatic support characteristics and decreases leakage through clearance between the slipper and the support plate.
  • this invention allows to obtain a compact construction with a high power-to weight ratio of several kW/kg, high overall efficiency higher than 90% and considerably reduced working noise.
  • Working pressure exceeds 42 MPa.
  • the machine as a pump is self-sucking.
  • the Figur shows an axial cross-section of an embodiment of the invention, i.e. a machine with sleeves.
  • the Figur illustrates a case 1 with a drive shaft 2 and two support plates 3 symmetrically attached on it. Said support plates have fixed inclination angles.
  • Immovably assembled in case 1 between plates 3 is the cylinder block 4 with double pistons 5.
  • the shaft 2 is equipped with an axial cam 6.
  • Each piston 5 ends with a ball joint 7 connecting it with a slipper 8 hydrostatically supported on plate 3.
  • the pistons 5 are placed inside sleeves 9.
  • the internal surface of the sleeve 9 together with the heads of the pistons form the working chamber.
  • Each sleeve 9 is equipped with a hole 10 in shape of circumferential, parted clearance.
  • a projection 11 is an element controlling the flow of working medium between working chambers and low pressure 12 or high pressure 13 channels.
  • the projection 11 is supported on the running surface of the cam 6.
  • a pusher 14 which cooperates with a proportional electromagnet 15 to shift axially and/or rotate said cam 6 on the shaft 2.
  • the machine driven by energy in the form of a torque which drives shaft 2 acts as a pump transporting working medium between channels 12 and 13 through the working chambers, in direction depending on the rotation direction of shaft 2. Otherwise, the supply of energy in form of pressurized fluid stream to channels 12 or 13 causes rotation of the shaft 2 in direction depending on the flow direction of the fluid and machine acts as a motor.
  • the drawn construction is characterized in that the cam 6, rotating together with the shaft 2 and the support plates 3, shifts due to the shape of the running surface the sleeve 9 axially, thus displacing the hole 10 from full connection of the working chamber to channel 12 to a full connection of this chamber to channel 13.
  • Displacement of the cam 6 along and/or around the axis of the shafts 2 shortens this phase of working cycle, while the working chamber is connected to the high pressure channel 12 and simultaneously lengthens the period of the connection of the working chamber to the low pressure channel 13. As a result a part of working medium reaches the low pressure channel 13 instead of the high pressure channel 12, thus allowing to reduce steplessly the flow of the machine until the working chamber is continuously connected to the low pressure channel 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine umfassend
    einen Zylinderblock (4) mit Kolben (5),
    eine Antriebswelle (2) mit wenigstens einer Stützplatte (3), welche unbeweglich an der Antriebswelle (2) mit einem festen Neigungswinkel befestigt ist und an welcher Stützplatte die Kolben in einem Gelenk (7) enden,
    ein Arbeitsmedium, das zwischen Arbeitskammern, die die Kolben aufnehmen, sowie von und zu Nieder- und Hochdruckkanälen (12, 13) fließt, die mit den Arbeitskammern durch wenigstens eine Öffnung in jeder der Arbeitskammern verbunden sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Arbeitskammern mit beweglichen inneren Buchsen (9) ausgerüstet sind, die wenigstens eine der Öffnungen (10), einen Vorsprung (11) und eine innere Oberfläche aufweisen,
    jede Arbeitskammer durch die innere Oberfläche der Buchse zusammen mit wenigstens einem Kolbenkopf gebildet ist,
    die Antriebwelle (2) einen axialen Nocken (6) mit einer Lauffläche trägt, wobei die Lauffläche die Vorsprünge (11) der inneren Buchsen aufnimmt und wobei durch Rotation der Lauffläche (6a) die Buchsen (9) axial verschoben werden, wodurch die Öffnungen (10) von einer Vollverbindung einer Arbeitskammer mit dem Niederdruckkanal (12) zu einer Vollverbindung der Arbeitskammer mit dem Hochdruckkanal (13) versetzt werden.
  2. Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (6) auf der Antriebswelle (2) axial verschieblich und/oder rotierbar ist.
  3. Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (6) durch einen Schieber (14), der mit einem Elektromagnet zusammenwirkt, axial verschieblich und/oder rotierbar ist.
EP95904712A 1994-07-12 1995-01-09 Hydrostatische axialkolbenmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0742870B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL30428194 1994-07-12
PL94304281A PL173937B1 (pl) 1994-07-12 1994-07-12 Maszyna hydrostatyczna wielotłoczkowa osiowa
PCT/PL1995/000001 WO1996001946A1 (en) 1994-07-12 1995-01-09 Hydrostatic axial piston machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0742870A1 EP0742870A1 (de) 1996-11-20
EP0742870B1 true EP0742870B1 (de) 1999-04-14

Family

ID=20062870

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95904712A Expired - Lifetime EP0742870B1 (de) 1994-07-12 1995-01-09 Hydrostatische axialkolbenmaschine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0742870B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE178974T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69509070T2 (de)
PL (1) PL173937B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996001946A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1672215A2 (de) 2004-12-17 2006-06-21 Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulische Kolbenmaschine

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69800445T2 (de) * 1997-02-25 2001-06-13 Sanden Corp., Isesaki Ein- und Auslassventilvorrichtung für einen Kompressor
DE102007001794A1 (de) 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulische Kolbenmaschine
EP2402608A1 (de) 2010-07-02 2012-01-04 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Pumpe zum Dosieren von Flüssigkeiten
CN103967731B (zh) * 2014-05-09 2016-02-24 西安交通大学 一种采用配流环配油的端面凸轮驱动式轴向柱塞泵
CN117345574A (zh) * 2023-11-03 2024-01-05 上海交通大学 一种数字配流与调速式低速轴向柱塞泵

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2391575A (en) * 1943-01-07 1945-12-25 New York Air Brake Co Reversible engine
GB791604A (en) * 1955-07-15 1958-03-05 Norman Tetlow Improvements in or relating to hydraulic swash plate pumps or motors
US3319576A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-05-16 Jr Elias Orshansky Free plate motor or pump

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1672215A2 (de) 2004-12-17 2006-06-21 Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulische Kolbenmaschine
EP1672215A3 (de) * 2004-12-17 2008-03-12 Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulische Kolbenmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE178974T1 (de) 1999-04-15
PL173937B1 (pl) 1998-05-29
DE69509070T2 (de) 1999-11-18
WO1996001946A1 (en) 1996-01-25
DE69509070D1 (de) 1999-05-20
EP0742870A1 (de) 1996-11-20
PL304281A1 (en) 1996-01-22

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