EP0733422A1 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing moulded metal articles - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for manufacturing moulded metal articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0733422A1 EP0733422A1 EP96810144A EP96810144A EP0733422A1 EP 0733422 A1 EP0733422 A1 EP 0733422A1 EP 96810144 A EP96810144 A EP 96810144A EP 96810144 A EP96810144 A EP 96810144A EP 0733422 A1 EP0733422 A1 EP 0733422A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold cavity
- metal
- filling chamber
- thixoforming
- mold
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/004—Thixotropic process, i.e. forging at semi-solid state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing molded parts from metal by pressing a thixotropic metal bolt with a piston from a filling chamber into a mold cavity.
- a thixoforming plant suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- thixoforms The process for the production of molded parts from thixotropic, i.e. partially solid / partially liquid, metal bolts is referred to as thixoforms. All bolts made of a metal which can be converted into a thixotropic state are suitable as metal bolts.
- the metal bolts can consist of aluminum, magnesium or zinc and their alloys.
- the thixoforming of thixotropic metal alloys is known per se. This process uses the thixotropic properties of partially liquid or partially solid metal alloys.
- the thixotropic behavior of a metal alloy is understood to mean that a correspondingly prepared metal behaves unloaded like a solid, but reduces its viscosity under shear stress to such an extent that it behaves similarly to a metal melt. This requires heating the alloy in the solidification interval between the liquidus and solidus temperature. The temperature is to be set so that, for example, a microstructure content of 20 to 80% by weight is melted, but the rest remains in solid form.
- partially solid / partially liquid metal in the form of a thixotropic metal bolt is placed in a filling chamber which is usually arranged horizontally and is introduced or shot into a mold cavity in which the thixotropic metal alloy solidifies by means of pressure by means of a piston.
- the mold filling with the partially solid / partially liquid metal takes place in thixoforming as a largely laminar flow.
- the metal forms a closed metal front that pushes the air in front of it in the direction of the ventilation ducts.
- the air can escape through these channels.
- the ventilation ducts can also at least partially become clogged with separating agent over time. This leads to increased gas pressures in front of the metal front and thus to an increased gas absorption in the molded part.
- the gas porosity in the molded parts can vary.
- the inventors have set themselves the task of creating a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which the gas porosity in the molded parts can be reduced further. Furthermore, a thixoforming plant suitable for carrying out the method is to be provided.
- the mold cavity is forcibly vented at least until the metal enters the mold cavity.
- molded parts can be produced by thixoforming which have a further reduced gas porosity compared to molded parts which are produced according to the prior art.
- the gas content in thixoforming parts is generally already at a very low level and therefore there should be no problems with porosity. Nevertheless, with certain parts and with very high quality requirements, the gas content in certain molded part areas can be too high.
- One reason for a locally increased gas porosity is, for example, that in the case of thin-walled parts, the filling speed must be chosen so high that the metal front is no longer compact.
- the filling chamber is designed to be heat-insulating and / or it is heated.
- the piston speed can be increased after the time of the entry of the metal into the mold cavity and thus the mold filling can be accelerated, which enables the production of thin-walled parts.
- a thixoforming installation suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention has a filling chamber for receiving a thixotropic metal bolt, a mold cavity adjoining the filling chamber and a piston for pressing the metal bolt out of the filling chamber into the mold cavity.
- the mold cavity is connected to a vacuum container.
- An actuating element for opening and closing the connection between the mold cavity and the vacuum container is expediently arranged between the mold cavity and the vacuum container.
- the actuator has a control bolt with a closure head, the closure head being used to open and close a ventilation channel directly adjoining the mold cavity.
- the filling chamber can consist of a ceramic material, in particular of Si 3 N 4 . It is also possible to provide the filling chamber with heating devices. These heating devices can be arranged in the wall of the filling chamber, for example as heating rods or as bores in which a heated medium such as oil flows.
- a thixoforming system 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a horizontally lying cylindrical filling chamber 12 with a filling chamber cavity 14.
- An opening 18 in the filling chamber 12 serves to introduce a thixotropic metal bolt 20 into the filling chamber cavity 14.
- the metal bolt 20 is displaced within the filling chamber cavity 14 by means of a piston 16 which is arranged in the filling chamber 12 and can be moved in the direction of the filling chamber axis x.
- the filling chamber 12 ends in a fixed mold plate 22, which is opposite a movable mold plate 24.
- the two mold plates 22, 24 each receive a mold half 26, 28 which, when closed, form a mold cavity 30 in which the molded part 32 is formed after the metal has solidified.
- the mold cavity 30 has one or more ventilation channels 34, which may be combined to form a collecting channel.
- a control insert 36 with a control pin 38 is arranged in the movable mold plate 24.
- the control pin 38 has a closure head 40 for opening or closing the ventilation channel 34.
- the control bolt 38 is displaced via an actuating cylinder 42 flanged on the outside of the movable mold plate 24. With this arrangement, the forced ventilation can be maintained until the mold is completely filled. Only when the mold has been filled is the venting channel 34 at the end of the mold cavity 30 closed via the closure head 40 of the control bolt 38.
- a vacuum line 44 connects to the control insert 36 and is connected to a vacuum container 48 via a valve 46.
- the vacuum container 48 is evacuated with a vacuum pump 50 and kept at negative pressure.
- Pressure gauges 52 are provided for pressure control.
- the forced venting begins at the earliest when the piston 16 has closed the opening 18 in the filling chamber 12 and ends at the latest when the tool is opened again by separating the mold halves 26, 28.
- the forced venting ends as soon as the mold filling is complete, ie the piston 16 no longer moves.
- Forced ventilation can of course also end earlier.
- the switch-on and switch-off points for the forced ventilation can be determined by means of displacement transducers arranged on the piston rod. Switching on and off can also be time, speed or pressure controlled. Another possibility is the use of metal front sensors, which trigger a circuit when the metal front reaches a certain point.
- the piston leads the metal to the gate, during a second filling phase, which begins at the time t E of the entry of the metal into the mold cavity, the mold cavity is filled with metal.
- the two filling phases are of approximately the same length and are, for example, 0.5 seconds each.
- the evacuation time is therefore less than 1 second.
- the gases can only be suctioned off when the piston has closed the filling opening.
- the speed of the piston cannot be reduced arbitrarily, since otherwise too much metal would solidify in the filling chamber.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus Metall durch Einpressen eines thixotropen Metallbolzens mit einem Kolben aus einer Füllkammer in einen Formhohlraum. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt weiter eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeignete Thixoforming-Anlage.The invention relates to a method for producing molded parts from metal by pressing a thixotropic metal bolt with a piston from a filling chamber into a mold cavity. Within the scope of the invention is also a thixoforming plant suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus thixotropen, d.h. teilfesten/teilflüssigen, Metallbolzen wird als Thixoformen bezeichnen. Als Metallbolzen kommen dabei alle Bolzen aus einem in einen thixotropen Zustand überführbaren Metall in Frage. Insbesondere können die Metallbolzen aus Aluminium, Magnesium oder Zink und deren Legierungen bestehen.The process for the production of molded parts from thixotropic, i.e. partially solid / partially liquid, metal bolts is referred to as thixoforms. All bolts made of a metal which can be converted into a thixotropic state are suitable as metal bolts. In particular, the metal bolts can consist of aluminum, magnesium or zinc and their alloys.
Das Thixoformen thixotroper Metallegierungen ist an sich bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren werden die thixotropen Eigenschaften teilflüssiger bzw. teilfester Metallegierungen ausgenützt. Unter thixotropem Verhalten einer Metallegierung wird verstanden, das ein entsprechend vorbereitetes Metall sich unbelastet wie ein Festkörper verhält, unter Scherbeanspruchung seine Viskosität jedoch soweit verringert, dass es sich ähnlich einer Metallschmelze verhält. Dazu ist ein Aufheizen der Legierung in das Erstarrungsintervall zwischen Liquidus- und Solidustemperatur erforderlich. Die Temperatur ist dabei so einzustellen, dass beispielsweise ein Gefügeanteil von 20 bis 80 Gew.% aufgeschmolzen wird, der Rest jedoch in fester Form verbleibt. Beim Thixoformen wird teilfestes/teilflüssiges Metall in der Form eines thixotropen Metallbolzens in eine üblicherweise horizontal angeordnete Füllkammer gegeben und durch Druckbeaufschlagung mittels eines Kolbens in einen Formhohlraum eingebracht bzw. eingeschossen, in welchem die thixotrope Metallegierung erstarrt.The thixoforming of thixotropic metal alloys is known per se. This process uses the thixotropic properties of partially liquid or partially solid metal alloys. The thixotropic behavior of a metal alloy is understood to mean that a correspondingly prepared metal behaves unloaded like a solid, but reduces its viscosity under shear stress to such an extent that it behaves similarly to a metal melt. This requires heating the alloy in the solidification interval between the liquidus and solidus temperature. The temperature is to be set so that, for example, a microstructure content of 20 to 80% by weight is melted, but the rest remains in solid form. In the case of thixoforming, partially solid / partially liquid metal in the form of a thixotropic metal bolt is placed in a filling chamber which is usually arranged horizontally and is introduced or shot into a mold cavity in which the thixotropic metal alloy solidifies by means of pressure by means of a piston.
Die Formfüllung mit dem teilfesten/teilflüssigen Metall erfolgt beim Thixoformen als weitgehend laminare Strömung. Das Metall bildet eine geschlossene Metallfront, die die Luft in Richtung der Entlüftungskanäle vor sich herschiebt. Ueber diese Kanäle kann die Luft entweichen. Obwohl die Formfüllung verhältnismässig langsam erfolgt, können Luft und/ oder andere Gasbestandteile im Formteil eingeschlossen werden, was insbesondere nach einer Wärmebehandlung zu Porosität und Blasen führen kann. Auch können die Entlüftungskanäle mit der Zeit zumindest teilweise durch sich ablagerndes Trennmittel verstopft werden. Dies führt zu erhöhten Gasdrücken vor der Metallfront und somit zu einer erhöhten Gasaufnahme im Formteil. Je nach Verschmutzungsgrad der Form kann demzufolge die Gasporosität in den Formteilen variieren.The mold filling with the partially solid / partially liquid metal takes place in thixoforming as a largely laminar flow. The metal forms a closed metal front that pushes the air in front of it in the direction of the ventilation ducts. The air can escape through these channels. Although the mold filling takes place relatively slowly, air and / or other gas components can be trapped in the molded part, which can lead to porosity and bubbles in particular after heat treatment. The ventilation ducts can also at least partially become clogged with separating agent over time. This leads to increased gas pressures in front of the metal front and thus to an increased gas absorption in the molded part. Depending on the degree of contamination of the mold, the gas porosity in the molded parts can vary.
Bei der Herstellung von Formteilen mit speziellen Ausbildungsformen wie beispielsweise Augen ist es unvermeidlich, dass sich zwei oder mehr Metallfronten bilden, deren Zusammentreffen zu einem lokalen Einschluss von Gasen zwischen den Fronten führen kann. Dies tritt insbesondere dann auf, wenn am Ort des Zusammentreffens der Metallfronten keine Entlüftung vorgesehen oder möglich ist, was zwangsläufig zu systematischen Fehlern führt.In the production of molded parts with special training forms such as eyes, it is inevitable that two or more metal fronts are formed, the meeting of which can lead to a local confinement of gases between the fronts. This occurs in particular if no ventilation is provided or possible at the point where the metal fronts meet, which inevitably leads to systematic errors.
Angesichts dieser Gegebenheiten haben sich die Erfinder die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, mit welchem die Gasporosität in den Formteilen weiter vermindert werden kann. Des weiteren soll eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Thixoforming-Anlage bereitgestellt werden.In view of these circumstances, the inventors have set themselves the task of creating a method of the type mentioned at the outset with which the gas porosity in the molded parts can be reduced further. Furthermore, a thixoforming plant suitable for carrying out the method is to be provided.
Zur erfindungsgemässen Lösung der Aufgabe führt, dass der Formhohlraum zumindest bis zum Zeitpunkt des Eintritts des Metalls in den Formhohlraum zwangsentlüftet wird.To achieve the object according to the invention, the mold cavity is forcibly vented at least until the metal enters the mold cavity.
Spezielle und weiterbildende Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von abhängigen Patentansprüchen.Special and further developing embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.
Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren lassen sich durch Thixoformen Formteile herstellen, die gegenüber Formteilen, welche nach dem Stand der Technik hergestellt werden, eine weiter verminderte Gasporosität aufweisen. Untersuchungen haben zwar gezeigt, dass der Gasgehalt in Thixoforming-Teilen im allgemeinen ein bereits sehr tiefes Niveau aufweist und somit keine Probleme bezüglich Porosität auftreten sollten. Trotzdem kann bei bestimmten Teilen und bei sehr hohen qualitativen Anforderungen der Gasgehalt in gewissen Formteilbereichen zu hoch sein. Ein Grund für eine lokal erhöhte Gasporosität liegt beispielsweise darin, dass bei dünnwandigen Teilen die Füllgeschwindigkeit so hoch gewählt werden muss, dass die Metallfront nicht mehr kompakt ist. Darüber hinaus ist es bei bestimmten Formteilgeometrien praktisch unmöglich, Gase aus bestimmten nicht entlüftbaren Bereichen abzuleiten. Solange keine vollständige Lösungsglühung notwendig ist, bleiben die Gase in Lösung bzw. unter sehr hohem Druck komprimiert, was keine besonderen Probleme bereitet. Wenn nun aber sehr hohe mechanische Eigenschaften erforderlich sind und somit eine Wärmebehandlung vorgenommen werden muss, können selbst kleine Mengen von Gasen, die an einer bestimmten Stelle konzentriert sind, zu Problemen führen. Die erfindungsgemäss angewendete Zwangsentlüftung des Formhohlraums schafft hier Abhilfe.With the method according to the invention, molded parts can be produced by thixoforming which have a further reduced gas porosity compared to molded parts which are produced according to the prior art. Studies have shown that the gas content in thixoforming parts is generally already at a very low level and therefore there should be no problems with porosity. Nevertheless, with certain parts and with very high quality requirements, the gas content in certain molded part areas can be too high. One reason for a locally increased gas porosity is, for example, that in the case of thin-walled parts, the filling speed must be chosen so high that the metal front is no longer compact. In addition, with certain molded part geometries, it is practically impossible to derive gases from certain non-ventable areas. As long as complete solution annealing is not necessary, the gases remain in solution or compressed under very high pressure, which poses no particular problems. However, if very high mechanical properties are required and a heat treatment has to be carried out, even small amounts of gases that are concentrated at a certain point can lead to problems. The forced ventilation of the mold cavity used according to the invention provides a remedy here.
Besonders gute Resultate lassen sich erzielen, wenn die Zwangsentlüftung bis zur praktisch vollständigen Formfüllung aufrechterhalten wird.Particularly good results can be achieved if the forced ventilation is maintained until the mold is almost completely filled.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Verfahrens ist die Füllkammer wärmeisolierend ausgestaltet und/oder sie wird beheizt. Mit diesen Massnahmen wird der Wärmeentzug aus dem Metallbolzen reduziert und das Metall erstarrt weniger rasch, so dass auch die Evakuierzeit verlängert werden kann.In an advantageous development of the method, the filling chamber is designed to be heat-insulating and / or it is heated. With these measures, the heat removal from the metal bolt is reduced and the metal solidifies less quickly, so that the evacuation time can also be extended.
Durch die Zwangsentlüftung bzw. Evakuierung des Formhohlraums kannn die Kolbengeschwindigkeit nach dem Zeitpunkt des Eintritts des Metalls in den Formhohlraum erhöht und damit die Formfüllung beschleunigt werden, was die Herstellung von dünnwandigen Teilen ermöglicht.Due to the forced ventilation or evacuation of the mold cavity, the piston speed can be increased after the time of the entry of the metal into the mold cavity and thus the mold filling can be accelerated, which enables the production of thin-walled parts.
Eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeignete Thixoforming-Anlage weist eine Füllkammer zur Aufnahme eines thixotropen Metallbolzens, einen an die Füllkammer anschliessenden Formhohlraum sowie einen Kolben zum Einpressen des Metallbolzens aus der Füllkammer in den Formhohlraum auf. Erfindungsgemäss steht der Formhohlraum mit einem Vakuumbehälter in Verbindung.A thixoforming installation suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention has a filling chamber for receiving a thixotropic metal bolt, a mold cavity adjoining the filling chamber and a piston for pressing the metal bolt out of the filling chamber into the mold cavity. According to the invention, the mold cavity is connected to a vacuum container.
Zweckmässigerweise ist zwischen dem Formhohlraum und dem Vakuumbehälter ein Stellorgan zum Oeffnen und Schliessen der Verbindung zwischen dem Formhohlraum und dem Vakuumbehälter angeordnet.An actuating element for opening and closing the connection between the mold cavity and the vacuum container is expediently arranged between the mold cavity and the vacuum container.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Thixoforming-Anlage weist das Stellorgan einen Steuerungsbolzen mit einem Verschlusskopf auf, wobei der Verschlusskopf dem Oeffnen und Schliessen eines unmittelbar an den Formhohlraum anschliessenden Entlüftungskanals dient.In a preferred embodiment of the thixoforming system, the actuator has a control bolt with a closure head, the closure head being used to open and close a ventilation channel directly adjoining the mold cavity.
Zur Erzielung einer guten Wärmeisolation kann die Füllkammer aus einem keramischen Werkstoff, insbesondere aus Si3N4, bestehen. Es ist auch möglich, die Füllkammer mit Heizeinrichtungen zu versehen. Diese Heizeinrichtungen können beispielsweise als Heizstäbe oder als Bohrungen, in welchen ein geheiztes Medium wie z.B. Oel fliesst, in der Wandung der Füllkammer angeordnet sein.To achieve good thermal insulation, the filling chamber can consist of a ceramic material, in particular of Si 3 N 4 . It is also possible to provide the filling chamber with heating devices. These heating devices can be arranged in the wall of the filling chamber, for example as heating rods or as bores in which a heated medium such as oil flows.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt schematisch in
- - Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Thixoforming-Anlage mit Zwangsentlüftung;
- - Fig. 2
- einen typischen Ablauf einer Formfüllung beim Thixoformen.
- - Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a thixoforming system with forced ventilation;
- - Fig. 2
- a typical process of filling a mold during thixoforming.
Eine in Fig. 1 dargestellte Thixoforming-Anlage 10 weist eine horizontal liegende zylinderförmige Füllkammer 12 mit einem Füllkammerhohlraum 14 auf. Eine Oeffnung 18 in der Füllkammer 12 dient der Einführung eines thixotropen Metallbolzens 20 in den Füllkammerhohlraum 14. Die Verschiebung des Metallbolzens 20 innerhalb des Füllkammerhohlraums 14 erfolgt mittels eines in der Füllkammer 12 angeordneten Kolbens 16, der in Richtung der Füllkammerachse x bewegt werden kann.A
Die Füllkammer 12 endet in einer festen Formplatte 22, welcher eine bewegliche Formplatte 24 gegenüber steht. Die beiden Formplatten 22, 24 nehmen je eine Formhälfte 26, 28 auf, welche im geschlossenen Zustand einen Formhohlraum 30 bilden, in welchem nach dem Erstarren des Metalls das Formteil 32 entsteht.The
Der Formhohlraum 30 weist einen oder mehrere Entlüftungskanäle 34 auf, die ggf. zu einem Sammelkanal zusammengefasst sind. In der beweglichen Formplatte 24 ist ein Steuerungseinsatz 36 mit einem Steuerungsbolzen 38 angeordnet. Der Steuerungsbolzen 38 weist einen Verschlusskopf 40 zum Oeffnen bzw. Schliessen des Entlüftungskanals 34 auf. Die Verschiebung des Steuerungsbolzens 38 erfolgt über einen auf der Aussenseite der beweglichen Formplatte 24 angeflanschten Betätigungszylinder 42. Mit dieser Anordnung kann die Zwangsentlüftung bis zur vollständigen Formfüllung aufrechterhalten werden. Erst bei erfolgter Formfüllung wird über den Verschlusskopf 40 des Steuerungsbolzens 38 der Entlüftungskanal 34 am Ende des Formhohlraums 30 verschlossen.The
An den Steuerungseinsatz 36 schliesst eine Vakuumleitung 44 an, die über ein Ventil 46 mit einem Vakuumbehälter 48 verbunden ist. Der Vakuumbehälter 48 wird mit einer Vakuumpumpe 50 evakuiert und auf Unterdruck gehalten. Zur Druckkontrolle sind Manometer 52 vorgesehen.A
Der als Ventil wirkende Verschlusskopf 40 des Steuerungsbolzens 38 hat mehrere Aufgaben:
- Vor der Formfüllung ist das Ventil geschlossen und die
Vakuumpumpe 50baut im Vakuumbehälter 48 einen Unterdruck auf. - Während einer ersten Füllphase erfolgt ein gesteuertes Oeffnen des Ventils und damit der Beginn der Zwangsentlüftung.
- Bei erfolgter Formfüllung wird das Ventil geschlossen, damit kein Metall in den Vakuumteil der Anlage eintritt. Das Schliessen des Ventils ist auch notwendig, damit die
Formhälften Unterdruck im Vakuumbehälter 48 wieder aufgebaut werden kann.
- Before the mold is filled, the valve is closed and the
vacuum pump 50 builds up a negative pressure in thevacuum container 48. - During a first filling phase, the valve is opened in a controlled manner and thus the start of the forced ventilation.
- When the mold has been filled, the valve is closed so that no metal enters the vacuum section of the system. It is also necessary to close the valve so that the mold halves 26, 28 can be separated and thus the mold can be opened and the vacuum in the
vacuum container 48 can also be built up again.
Das Zwangsentlüften beginnt frühestens, wenn der Kolben 16 die Oeffnung 18 in der Füllkammer 12 geschlossen hat und endet spätestens, wenn das Werkzeug durch Trennung der Formhälften 26, 28 wieder geöffnet wird. Vorteilhaft und zweckmässig endet das Zwangsentlüften, sobald die Formfüllung abgeschlossen ist, d.h. der Kolben 16 sich nicht mehr bewegt. Die Zwangsentlüftung kann selbstverständlich auch früher enden. Die Ein- und Ausschaltpunkte für die Zwangsentlüftung können mittels auf der Kolbenstange angeordneter Wegaufnehmer bestimmt werden. Das Ein- bzw. Ausschalten kann aber auch zeit-, geschwindigkeit- bzw. druckgesteuert erfolgen. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist der Einsatz von Metallfrontsensoren, die eine Schaltung auslösen, wenn die Metallfront eine bestimmte Stelle erreicht.The forced venting begins at the earliest when the
In Fig. 2 ist ein typischer Füllvorgang bei einer Thixoforming-Anlage mit Zwangsentlüftung dargestellt. Während einer ersten Füllphase führt der Kolben das Metall bis zum Anschnitt, während einer zweiten Füllphase, die mit dem Zeitpunkt tE des Eintritts des Metalls in den Formhohlraum beginnt, wird der Formhohlraum mit Metall gefüllt. Typischerweise sind beim Thixoformen die beiden Füllphasen etwa gleich lang und betragen beispielsweise je 0,5 sec. Die Evakuierzeit beträgt somit weniger als 1 sec. Das Absaugen der Gase kann erst beginnen, wenn der Kolben die Einfüllöffnung geschlossen hat. Andererseits kann die Geschwindigkeit des Kolbens nicht beliebig reduziert werden, da sonst zuviel Metall in der Füllkammer erstarren würde.2 shows a typical filling process in a thixoforming system with forced ventilation. During a first filling phase, the piston leads the metal to the gate, during a second filling phase, which begins at the time t E of the entry of the metal into the mold cavity, the mold cavity is filled with metal. Typically, in the case of thixoforming, the two filling phases are of approximately the same length and are, for example, 0.5 seconds each. The evacuation time is therefore less than 1 second. The gases can only be suctioned off when the piston has closed the filling opening. On the other hand, the speed of the piston cannot be reduced arbitrarily, since otherwise too much metal would solidify in the filling chamber.
Die Aufrechterhaltung eines sehr tiefen Vakuums ist nicht erforderlich. Es genügt, die im Formhohlraum vorhandenen Gase vor und während der Formfüllung abzusaugen, damit wenig bis keine Gegendrücke durch diese Gase aufgebaut werden. Durch Versuche konnte bestätigt werden, dass zur Erzielung ausserordentlich guter Resultate bezüglich Porosität ein sehr tiefes Vakuum nicht zwingend notwendig ist.It is not necessary to maintain a very deep vacuum. It is sufficient to suck off the gases present in the mold cavity before and during the mold filling, so that little to no counterpressures are built up by these gases. Tests have confirmed that a very deep vacuum is not absolutely necessary to achieve extraordinarily good porosity results.
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Formhohlraum (30) zumindest bis zum Zeitpunkt (tE) des Eintritts des Metalls in den Formhohlraum (30) zwangsentlüftet wird.Method for producing molded parts made of metal by pressing a thixotropic metal bolt (20) with a piston (16) from a filling chamber (12) into a mold cavity (30),
characterized,
that the mold cavity (30) is forcibly vented at least until the time (t E ) of the metal entering the mold cavity (30).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH797/95 | 1995-03-21 | ||
| CH00797/95A CH689448A5 (en) | 1995-03-21 | 1995-03-21 | Producing shaped metal components |
| CH79795 | 1995-03-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0733422A1 true EP0733422A1 (en) | 1996-09-25 |
| EP0733422B1 EP0733422B1 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
Family
ID=4195412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96810144A Expired - Lifetime EP0733422B1 (en) | 1995-03-21 | 1996-03-08 | Method for manufacturing moulded metal articles |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0733422B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH08257729A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE189634T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2170714A1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH689448A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59604390D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0733422T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2143743T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3033176T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO312182B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT733422E (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10022560A1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Fuchs Lubritech Gmbh | Pressure casting machine comprises a two-part casting mold forming a casting chamber via a ventilating channel, and a pressure monitoring device connected to the ventilating channel and arranged between a valve and a filter |
| DE10144945A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-04-10 | Alcan Bdw Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for controlling a vacuum valve of a vacuum pressure casting device and vacuum pressure casting device |
| DE102009033532A1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Extruder for producing light metal component by semi-solid process, comprises cylinder, screw conveyor, device, heating device and degassing zone, where device is used for transferring material into cylinder |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10043717A1 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-14 | Buehler Druckguss Ag Uzwil | Process for compressive reforming of aluminum or magnesium alloys comprises conveying the liquid or liquid material from a preparation chamber into a casting chamber of a die casting machine |
| JP5556108B2 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2014-07-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Semi-molten metal casting method and semi-molten metal casting apparatus |
| CN104259430B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-03-30 | 湖南航天诚远精密机械有限公司 | Metal and alloy evacuated die-casting process Forming Equipments thereof and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0005239A1 (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1979-11-14 | Leibfried, Dieter | Low-pressure casting method for metals, especially non-iron metals, and apparatus for carrying out this method |
| EP0489503A1 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-06-10 | Micromatic Operations, Inc. | Apparatus and process for producing shaped articles from semisolid metal preforms |
| WO1992013662A1 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-08-20 | Transvalor S.A. | Method and machine for moulding an alloy ingot with fine dendritic structure |
| EP0513523A1 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-11-19 | MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. | Die casting process for producing high mechanical performance components via injection of a semiliquid metal alloy |
-
1995
- 1995-03-21 CH CH00797/95A patent/CH689448A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-02-29 CA CA002170714A patent/CA2170714A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-08 DK DK96810144T patent/DK0733422T3/en active
- 1996-03-08 EP EP96810144A patent/EP0733422B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 PT PT96810144T patent/PT733422E/en unknown
- 1996-03-08 ES ES96810144T patent/ES2143743T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 AT AT96810144T patent/ATE189634T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-08 DE DE59604390T patent/DE59604390D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-15 JP JP8058889A patent/JPH08257729A/en active Pending
- 1996-03-19 NO NO19961110A patent/NO312182B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-07 GR GR20000400869T patent/GR3033176T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0005239A1 (en) * | 1978-04-27 | 1979-11-14 | Leibfried, Dieter | Low-pressure casting method for metals, especially non-iron metals, and apparatus for carrying out this method |
| EP0489503A1 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-06-10 | Micromatic Operations, Inc. | Apparatus and process for producing shaped articles from semisolid metal preforms |
| WO1992013662A1 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-08-20 | Transvalor S.A. | Method and machine for moulding an alloy ingot with fine dendritic structure |
| EP0513523A1 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-11-19 | MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. | Die casting process for producing high mechanical performance components via injection of a semiliquid metal alloy |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10022560A1 (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Fuchs Lubritech Gmbh | Pressure casting machine comprises a two-part casting mold forming a casting chamber via a ventilating channel, and a pressure monitoring device connected to the ventilating channel and arranged between a valve and a filter |
| DE10144945A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-04-10 | Alcan Bdw Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for controlling a vacuum valve of a vacuum pressure casting device and vacuum pressure casting device |
| DE10144945B4 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2005-05-04 | Alcan Bdw Gmbh & Co. Kg | A method of controlling a vacuum valve of a vacuum die casting apparatus and vacuum die casting apparatus |
| US6948549B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2005-09-27 | Alcan Bdw Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for controlling a vacuum valve of a vacuum die casting device and a vacuum die casting device |
| DE102009033532A1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Extruder for producing light metal component by semi-solid process, comprises cylinder, screw conveyor, device, heating device and degassing zone, where device is used for transferring material into cylinder |
| DE102009033532B4 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2020-11-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Extruder for manufacturing a component made of light metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE189634T1 (en) | 2000-02-15 |
| GR3033176T3 (en) | 2000-08-31 |
| NO312182B1 (en) | 2002-04-08 |
| CA2170714A1 (en) | 1996-09-22 |
| DK0733422T3 (en) | 2000-07-24 |
| PT733422E (en) | 2000-06-30 |
| CH689448A5 (en) | 1999-04-30 |
| ES2143743T3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
| DE59604390D1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| NO961110D0 (en) | 1996-03-19 |
| EP0733422B1 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
| NO961110L (en) | 1996-09-23 |
| JPH08257729A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
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