EP0727993A1 - (non descriptive)-a method for delaying hiv individual aids by administration of substituted azaspirane compounds - Google Patents
(non descriptive)-a method for delaying hiv individual aids by administration of substituted azaspirane compoundsInfo
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- EP0727993A1 EP0727993A1 EP93904656A EP93904656A EP0727993A1 EP 0727993 A1 EP0727993 A1 EP 0727993A1 EP 93904656 A EP93904656 A EP 93904656A EP 93904656 A EP93904656 A EP 93904656A EP 0727993 A1 EP0727993 A1 EP 0727993A1
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- azaspirane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of preventing
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- seropositive humans which comprises administering to
- immunomodulating CD8 lymphocytes have
- CsA compound cyclosporin A
- R 1 and R 2 different and are selected from hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl, provided that the total number of carbon atoms contained by R 1 and R 2 when taken together is 4-10; or R.1 and R 2 together form a cyclic alkyl group containing 3-7 carbon atoms/ A is absent or present as C 1 -C 7 alkyl; and R 3 is a heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring, said heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring thereby containing up to 10 carbon atoms and from 1-3
- R 4 is absent or present as hydrogen, or a straight chain alkyl
- n 1 or 2;
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are
- R 1 and R 2 are selected from hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl, provided that the total number of carbon atoms contained by R 1 and R 2 when taken together is 4-10; or R 1 and R 2 together form a cyclic alkyl group containing 3-7 carbon atoms;
- A is bond or a C 1 -C 7 alkylene group/
- R 3 is a heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring, said heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring being a 5 to 13 membered ring system containing carbon and 1-3 nitrogen atoms and the nitrogen atoms may be substituted with hydrogen or a C 1-3 alkyl group;
- heterocyclic and heterobicyclic rings of the present invention include/ piperidine pyrroldine, imidazole and quinuclidine.
- the compounds of this invention are prepared by procedures described here below and illustrated by the examples. Reagents, protecting groups and functionality of the molecule must be consistent with the proposed chemical transformations. Steps in the synthesis must be compatible with the functional groups and the
- the starting anhydride compounds are known and are synthesized from available precursors using known procedures. According to Scheme I, a solution of an anhydride compound (a) and a substituted primary amine compound are added to an appropriate organic solvent, preferably xylene or toluene, to form a reaction mixture. This reaction mixture is stirred at reflux with constant water removal, and evaporated to form formula (b) compounds.
- Formula (c) compounds are prepared by adding to a formula (b) compound dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), a suitable reducing agent, preferably, lithium aluminum hydride.
- a suitable organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), a suitable reducing agent, preferably, lithium aluminum hydride.
- the compounds of Formula (I) may form hydrates or solvates. It is known to those of skill in the art that charged compounds form hydrated species when lyophilized with water, or form solvated species when concentrated in a solution with an appropriate organic solvent.
- a preferred compound of Formula (I) is the compound where R 1 and R 2 are propyl, m is 1, A is a bond, and R 3 is 4-pi ⁇ eridine which is 8,8-dipro ⁇ yl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2-(4-piperidine).
- This invention discloses compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates or solvates thereof as being useful for preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans.
- This invention relates to a method of preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS which comprises
- a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof is administered to an HIV seropositive human an effective therefor amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof.
- a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof is administered to an HIV seropositive human an effective therefor amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof is administered to an HIV seropositive human in an amount sufficient to prevent or delay the occurrence of AIDS.
- the route of administration of the Formula (I) ("active ingredient”) compound is not critical but is usually oral or parenteral, preferably oral.
- parenteral as used herein includes
- each parenteral dosage unit will contain the active
- the compounds of Formula (I) which are active when given orally can be formulated as liquids, for example syrups, suspensions or emulsions, tablets, capsules and lozenges.
- a liquid formulation will generally consist of a suspension or solution of the compound or
- a suitable liquid carrier(s) for example, ethanol, glycerine, non-aqueous solvent, for example polyethylene glycol, oils, or water with a suspending agent, preservative, flavoring or coloring agent.
- a suitable liquid carrier(s) for example, ethanol, glycerine, non-aqueous solvent, for example polyethylene glycol, oils, or water with a suspending agent, preservative, flavoring or coloring agent.
- a composition in the form of a tablet can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s) routinely used for preparing solid formulations.
- a composition in the form of a capsule can be prepared using routine encapsulation procedures.
- pellets containing the active ingredient can be prepared using standard carriers and then filled into a hard gelatin capsule/ alternatively, a dispersion or suspension can be prepared using any suitable
- each oral dosage unit will contain the active ingredient in an amount of from about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof will be determined by the nature and extent of the condition being treated, the form, route and site of administration, and the particular patient being
- treatment i.e., the number of doses of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof given per day and duration of therapy can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional course of treatment determination tests.
- the compounds of the present invention can be co-administered with further active ingredients, such as other compounds known to prevent or delay the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans, such as retrovir (the brand name for zidovudine, formerly called azidothymidine (AZT)).
- retrovir the brand name for zidovudine, formerly called azidothymidine (AZT)
- the reaction mixture was heated at reflux with a Dean-Stark trap until 1 equivalent of water was collected in the trap.
- the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a white solid.
- the crude imide was dissolved in excess ethyl acetate followed by two washes with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution to remove any residual acid-amide from the product.
- the organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the desired imide as a white solid/ mp 148-149°C; 90-95% yield.
- the white solid was recrystallized from ethanol or methanol; mp 298-300°C; yield 85-90%.
- Example 1 The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (iv) by substituting 2-(4-(N-Methyl)piperidinyl-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane for 2-(4-Piperidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane; mp 332-334°C.
- Example 1 The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iv) by substituting 4,4-diethylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride for 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride; mp 331-332°C.
- Example 7 The title compound is prepared according to Example 7 (i-iii) by substituting 3- ⁇ -Amino-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo (3.2.1) octane (3 ⁇ -aminotropane) for 3-aminogainaclidine.
- the dihydrochloride was isolated as described in Example 7 (iii); yield 60% as a white amorphous solid; m.p. 234-235°C.in 60% yield. Elemental analyses suggest that the title compound was isolated as the monohydrate.
- Example 1 The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iv) by substituting 3- ⁇ -aminotropane for 3- ⁇ -aminotropane.
- the dihydrochloride was isolated as a white amorphous solid; m.p. 245-247°C. Elemental analyses suggest that the title compound was isolated as the monohydrate.
- An oral dosage form for administering Formula (1) compounds is produced by filing a standard two piece hard gelatin capsule with the ingredients in the
- An injectable form for administering Formula (I) compounds is produced by stirring 1.5% by weight of 8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2-(4-piperidine)
- sucrose, calcium sulfate dihydrate and Formula (I) compound shown in Table II below are mixed and granulated in the proportions shown with 10% gelatin solution.
- the wet granules are screened, dried, mixed with the starch, talc and stearic acid, screened and compressed into a tablet.
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Abstract
Invented is a method of preventing or delaying the occurrence of aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive humans which comprises administering to such human an effective therefor amount of a substituted azaspirane.
Description
(Non Descriptive)-A method for delaying HIV individual AIDS by administration of suostituted azaspirane compounds.
This invention relates to a method of preventing
or delaying the occurrence of acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
seropositive humans which comprises administering to
such human an effective therefore amount of a
substituted azaspirane.
Background of the Invention
The use of immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory
agents has been shown to suppress viral replication.
Specifically, immunomodulating CD8 lymphocytes have
been shown to suppress replication of HIV in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (Waler et al. Science,
234:1563-6 (1986)) and activated CD8+ T cells have been
shown to inhibit the replication of HIV in cultures of
CD4+ cells from asymptomatic HIV seropositive
individuals (Brinchmann et al. CD8+ T cells J . Immunol.
144 2961-2966 (1990)). Further, the immunosuppressive
compound cyclosporin A (CsA) has demonstrated a
protective effect in several animal models of viral
infection. Particularly, chronic treatment with CsA before and after infection with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus has proven effective against the development of immunodeficiency disease (Cerny, A. et al. Eur. J.
Immunol. 21:1747-50 (1991)). Evidence that treatment of AIDS and HIV-seropositive non-AIDS patients with CsA increases T4 cells and inhibits lymphadenopathy has also been reported. (Andrieu et al. Clin. Immunol, and Immumopathol. 46:181-198 (1988)).
Badger, et al. U.S. Patent Application No.
07/712,325 filed on June 7, 1991, (Badger I) discloses compounds of formula
in which: m is 1 or 2/ R1 and R2 are the same or
different and are selected from hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl, provided that the total number of carbon atoms contained by R1 and R2 when taken together is 4-10; or R.1 and R2 together form a cyclic alkyl group containing 3-7 carbon atoms/ A is absent or present as C1-C7 alkyl; and R3 is a heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring, said heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring thereby containing up to 10 carbon atoms and from 1-3
heteroatoms of the formula
, where R4 is absent or present as hydrogen, or a straight chain alkyl
containing 1-3 carbon atoms/ or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof.
Badger I discloses compounds of Formula I as a novel class of compounds which induce an
immunomodulatory effect which is characterized by the stimulation of suppressor cell activity.
Badger (I) does not disclose compounds of Formula (I) as agents for preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans.
Summary of the Invention
This invention relates to a method of preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans which comprises administering to such mammal an effective therefor amount of a compound of the formula
in which:
m is 1 or 2;
R1 and R2 are the same or different and are
selected from hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl, provided that the total number of carbon atoms contained by R1 and R2 when taken together is 4-10; or R1 and R2 together form a cyclic alkyl group containing 3-7 carbon atoms;
A is bond or a C1-C7 alkylene group/ and
R3 is a heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring, said heterocyclic or heterobicyclic ring being a 5 to 13 membered ring system containing carbon and 1-3 nitrogen atoms and the nitrogen atoms may be substituted with hydrogen or a C1-3alkyl group;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The preparation of the compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvates and formulations thereof is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 07/712,325, filed June 7, 1991 the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Examples of heterocyclic and heterobicyclic rings of the present invention include/ piperidine pyrroldine, imidazole and quinuclidine.
The compounds of this invention are prepared by procedures described here below and illustrated by the examples. Reagents, protecting groups and functionality of the molecule must be consistent with the proposed chemical transformations. Steps in the synthesis must be compatible with the functional groups and the
protecting groups.
Formula (I) compounds are prepared as described in Scheme I where R1, R2, R3 and A are as defined in
Formula I and the definition of R3 additionally
comprises protecting groups, preferably benzyl
protecting groups, which are dissociated to prepare the substituents of R3 as defined in Formula (I) or are dissociated and further reacted to prepare the
substituents of R3 as defined in Formula (I).
SCHEME I
Scheme I depicts formation of Formula (I)
compounds. The starting anhydride compounds are known and are synthesized from available precursors using known procedures. According to Scheme I, a solution of an anhydride compound (a) and a substituted primary amine compound are added to an appropriate organic solvent, preferably xylene or toluene, to form a reaction mixture. This reaction mixture is stirred at reflux with constant water removal, and evaporated to form formula (b) compounds. Formula (c) compounds are prepared by adding to a formula (b) compound dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), a suitable reducing agent, preferably, lithium aluminum hydride. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts and their preparation are well known to those of skill in the art Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable salts for basic compounds of Formula (I) include, but are not limited
to, hydrochloride, citrate, maleate, lactate,
hydrobromide, and sulfate.
The compounds of Formula (I) may form hydrates or solvates. It is known to those of skill in the art that charged compounds form hydrated species when lyophilized with water, or form solvated species when concentrated in a solution with an appropriate organic solvent. A preferred compound of Formula (I) is the compound where R1 and R2 are propyl, m is 1, A is a bond, and R3 is 4-piρeridine which is 8,8-diproρyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2-(4-piperidine). This invention discloses compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates or solvates thereof as being useful for preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans.
This invention relates to a method of preventing or delaying the occurrence of AIDS which comprises
administering to an HIV seropositive human an effective therefor amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof. A compound of Formula (I) or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof can be administered to such human in a
conventional dosage form prepared by combining a
compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof, with a conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent according to known techniques, such as those described in Badger (I) U.S. Application No. 07/712,325 filed on June 7, 1991.
It will be recognized by one of skill in the art that the form and character of the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent is dictated by the amount of active ingredient with which it is to be combined, the route of administration and other well-known
variables. A compound of Formula (I) or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof is administered to an HIV seropositive human in an amount sufficient to prevent or delay the occurrence of AIDS.
The route of administration of the Formula (I) ("active ingredient") compound is not critical but is usually oral or parenteral, preferably oral.
The term parenteral as used herein includes
intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal, intrarectal, transdermal, intravaginal or
intraperitoneal administration. The subcutaneous and intramuscular forms of parenteral administration are generally preferred. The daily parenteral dosage regimen will preferably be from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg of total body weight, most preferably from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 1 mg/kg. Preferably, each parenteral dosage unit will contain the active
ingredient in an amount of from about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg. The compounds of Formula (I) which are active when given orally can be formulated as liquids, for example syrups, suspensions or emulsions, tablets, capsules and lozenges.
A liquid formulation will generally consist of a suspension or solution of the compound or
pharmaceutically acceptable salt in a suitable liquid carrier(s) for example, ethanol, glycerine, non-aqueous solvent, for example polyethylene glycol, oils, or water
with a suspending agent, preservative, flavoring or coloring agent.
A composition in the form of a tablet can be prepared using any suitable pharmaceutical carrier(s) routinely used for preparing solid formulations.
Examples of such carriers include magnesium stearate, starch, lactose, sucrose and cellulose. A composition in the form of a capsule can be prepared using routine encapsulation procedures. For example, pellets containing the active ingredient can be prepared using standard carriers and then filled into a hard gelatin capsule/ alternatively, a dispersion or suspension can be prepared using any suitable
pharmaceutical carrier(s), for example aqueous gums, celluloses, silicates or oils and the dispersion or suspension then filled into a soft gelatin capsule. The daily oral dosage regimen will preferably be from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg of total body weight. Preferably each oral dosage unit will contain the active ingredient in an amount of from about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg.
While it is possible for an active ingredient to be administered alone, it is preferable to present it as a pharmaceutical formulation. It will be recognized by one of skill in the art that the optimal quantity and spacing of individual dosages of a compound of Formula (I) or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof will be determined by the nature and extent of the condition being treated, the form, route and site of administration, and the particular patient being
treated, and that such optimums can be determined by
conventional techniques. It will also be appreciated by one of skill in the art that the optimal course of
treatment, i.e., the number of doses of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate or solvate thereof given per day and duration of therapy can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional course of treatment determination tests. In addition, the compounds of the present invention can be co-administered with further active ingredients, such as other compounds known to prevent or delay the occurrence of AIDS in HIV seropositive humans, such as retrovir (the brand name for zidovudine, formerly called azidothymidine (AZT)).
Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding
description, utilize the present invention to its
fullest extent. The following examples are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative and not a
limitation of the scope of the present invention in any way. I. SYNTHETIC EXAMPLES
In the following Examples, temperature is in
degrees Centigrade (°C).
4,4-Dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride, 4,4-diethylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride,
4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1,1-diacetic acid anhydride, and
4,4-diethylcyclohexane-1,1-diacetic acid anhydride were synthesized as described in U.S. Patent 4,963,557.
4-Amino-1-benzylpiperidine, lithium aluminum hydride and tropinone are commercially available. 3R-Pyrrolidine and 3S-pyrrolidine were purchased from CTC Organics
(Atlanta, GA).
EXAMPLE 1
2-[4-Piperidinyl]-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]-decane dihydrochloride (i) 2-[4-(N-Benzyl)piperidinyl]-8,8-dipropyl-2-
To a solution of 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride (1 molar equivalent) in xylene was added 4-amino-1-benzylpiperidine (1 molar
equivalent). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux with a Dean-Stark trap until 1 equivalent of water was collected in the trap. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a white solid. The crude imide was dissolved in excess ethyl acetate followed by two washes with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution to remove any residual acid-amide from the product. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to give the desired imide as a white solid/ mp 148-149°C; 90-95% yield.
(ii) 2-[4-(N-Benzyl)piperidinyl]-8,8-dipropyl-2- azaspiro[4,5]-decane
To a mixture of lithium aluminum hydride (3.2 molar equivalents) in tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise a solution of 2-[4-(N-benzyl)piperidinyl]-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane -1,3-dione (1 molar equivalent) in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2-6 h following completion of addition. The excess hydride was quenched with sodium sulfate-decahydrate and the resulting mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give the desired diamine as a viscous, colorless oil. The oil was used directly without further purification/ yield 90-95%.
(iii) 2-[4-Piperidinyl]-8, 8-dipropyl-2- azaspiro [ 4 .5 ] -decane
To a suspension of 10% palladium-on-carbon (0.1 molar equivalents) in a 7.5% formic acid in methanol solution was added 2-[4-(N-benzyl)piperidinyl]-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane (1 molar equivalent). The reaction mixture was hydrogenated at 60 psi hydrogen pressure in a Parr hydrogenation apparatus at room temperature until hydrogen uptake had ceased (48-96h). The catalyst was removed by filtration through celite and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in water and then basified with 10% NaOH. The resulting aqueous emulsion was extracted with ethyl ether. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give the debenzylated diamine product as a colorless oil;
90-95% yield.
(iv) 2-(4-Piperidinyl)-8,8-dipropyI-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane dihydrochloride
2-(4-Piperidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane was dissolved in a minimum of anhydrous ethanol and added to a cooled solution of hydrogen chloride in ethanol. On addition of a large volume of ether, a white precipitate formed which was isolated by
filteration. The white solid was recrystallized from ethanol or methanol; mp 298-300°C; yield 85-90%.
EXAMPLE 2
2- (4- (N-Methyl ) piperidinyl ) -8 , 8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro- [4. 5 ] -decane dihydrochloride (i ) 2- (4- (N-Methyl ) piperidinyl -8 , 8-dipropyl -2-azaspiro [4.5]-decane
To a solution of 2-(4-piperidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane (1 molar equivalent prepared according to Example 1 (iii)) in acetonitrile was added 37% aqueous formaldehyde (5 molar equivalents) and sodium cyanoborohydride (1.6 molar equivalents). The
reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room
temperature. Added 2 N KOH and extracted the reaction mixture twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give a yellow viscous oil. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel using MeOH/ethyl acetate/cone, ammonium hydroxide (74/24/1.5) as eluant. The product was isolated as a colorless oil/ yield 60%.
(ii) 2-(4-N-Methyl)piperidinyl-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane dihydrochlpride
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (iv) by substituting 2-(4-(N-Methyl)piperidinyl-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane for 2-(4-Piperidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane; mp 332-334°C.
EXAMPLE 3
2-(4-Piperidinyl)-8,8-diethyl-2-azaspiro[ 4.5]-decane dihydrochloride
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iv) by substituting 4,4-diethylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride for 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride; mp 331-332°C.
EXAMPLE 4
2-(2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2- azaspiro[4.5]decane dihydrochloride
(i) 2-(2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethyl)-8,8-dipropy3-2- azaspiro[ 4.5]decane
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iii) by substituting histamine for 4-amino-1-benzylpiperidine.
(ii) 2-(2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane dihydrochloride
2-(2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azasρiro-[4.5]decane was dissolved in a minimum amount of ethanol and a solution of HCl (g) /EtOH was added. The
dihydrochloride did not precipitate. The solution was concentrated to dryness and placed in a vacuum oven overnight at 60°/ 5 mm to give the desired
dihydrochloride salt as a white solid: yield 72%; m.p. 258-262°C.
EXAMPLE 5
2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl)-8.8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[ 4.5]- decane dimaleate (i) 2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane-1,3-dione
To a solution of 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride (1 molar equivalent) in xylene was added 3R-aminopyrrolidine (1 molar equivalent). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux with a Dean-Stark trap until 1 equivalent of water was collected in the trap. The reaction mixture was cooled to room
temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a viscous, dark brown oil. The crude product was dissolved in methanol and a methanol solution containing maleic acid (1 molar equivalent) was added. The
volatiles were stripped off under reduced pressure from the product-maleate solution to yield a dark brown solid. The solid was recrystallized from
dichloromethane/ethyl acetate to afford the pure salt as a white crystalline solid. The product salt was
solubilized in a minimum of water and the resulting solution basified with 1 M sodium hydroxide and
extracted with ethyl ether. The ether extracts were combined, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and
concentrated to give the desired imide as a viscous oil; 70-75% yield.
(ii) 2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl) -8 , 8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane
To a mixture of lithium aluminum hydride (3.2 molar equivalents) in ethyl ether was added dropwise a
solution of 2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]-decane-1,3-dione (1 molar equivalent) in ethyl ether. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2-6 h after addition was completed. The excess hydride was quenched with sodium sulfate-decahydrate and the
resulting mixture was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the diamme as a viscous, colorless oil; 80-85% yield.
(iii) 2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl)-8.8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane dimaleate
2-(3R-pyrrolidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane was dissolved in methanol and a methanol solution containing maleic acid (2 molar equivalents) was added. The solvent volume was reduced under vacuum. A 10% hexane in ethyl acetate solution was carefully added to the product-methanol solution to form a white
precipitate which was isolated by filtration. The white solid product required no further purification; mp
168.5-170°C; 70-80% yield.
EXAMPLE 6
2- (3S-pyrrolidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]-decane dimaleate
The title compound is prepared according to Example 5 (i-iii) by substituting 3S-aminopyrrolidine for 3R- aminopyrroldine; mp 169.5-170.5°C.
EXAMPLE 7
2- (3 ' -Quinuclidinyl ) -8 , 8-di propyl-2-azaspiro[4.5 ] -decane dihydrochloride (i) 2-(3'-Quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane-1,3-dione
To a solution of 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride (1 molar equivalent) in toluene was added 3-aminoquinuclidine (1 molar equivalent). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux with stirring using a Dean-Stark trap until the volume of water collected was unchanged (approximately five hours), and then allowed to cool. The toluene was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue partitioned between ethyl acetate and IN sodium hydroxide solution. The organic phase was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO4) and evaporated to give 2-(3-quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane-1,3-dione ( 94%) as a yellow oil which solidified on standing. This was used without further purification.
(ii) 2-(3'-Quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane
To a stirred suspension of lithium aluminum hydride (3.5 molar equivalents) in the THF (80 ml) at 0°C under argon was added a solution of 2-(3'-quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro [4.5]decane-1,3-dione (1 molar equivalent) in THF dropwise over 45 minutes. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature then stirred overnight. Sodium sulfate decahydrate was added slowly in portions to quench the unreacted LAH and the resulting suspension of solids was filtered and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to yield a residual colorless oil.
(iii) 2-(3'-Quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[ 4.5]decane dihydrochloride
2-(3'-Quinuclidinyl)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane was dissolved in a small volume of ethanol and a solution of saturated hydrogen chloride in ethanol was added. Upon addition of a large volume of ether a white precipitate formed which was filtered and dried giving the title compound (yield 70%) as a white amorphous solid; mp 277-278°C. Elemental analysis suggest that the title compound was isolated as the monohydrate.
EXAMPLE 8
2-(3'-α-(8'-Methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)-8.8-dipropyl-2- azaspiro[ 4.5]decane dihydrochloride
(i) 3-α-Amino-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane (3-a-aminotropane)
A solution of tropinone (5.0 g) in ethanol
containing palladium on activated carbon (10%, 2.0 g) was saturated with ammonia at 0° C then hydrogenated on a Parr apparatus at 50 psi for 24 hours. The mixture was filtered through celite and evaporated under reduced pressure. The colorless residual oil was used without further purification.
The above amine (0.5 g) in methanol (5 ml) was treated with 1 ml of phenyl isothiocyanate. After stirring for 30 minutes and triturating with ether, a crystalline solid precipitated which was filtered off and recrystallized from ethyl acetate. The thioureide melted at 156-157°C (A. Stoll, E. Tucker and A.
Ebnother, Helv. Chim. Acta 38, 559 (1955) and S. Archer, T.R. Lewis and M.J. Unser, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 4194 (1957) report melting points of the endo thioureide as 153-154°C and 160-161°C, respectively.)
(ii) 3-β-Amino-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane (3β-aminotropane)
Prepared by sodium/amyl alcohol reduction of tropinone oxime (M.S. Hadley and F.D. King U.S. 4, 273, 778 for exact procedures).
The corresponding β-aminotropane thioureide melted at 178-179°C (R. Willstatler and W. Moller Ber., 31, 1202 (1898) and S. Arther, T.R. Lewis and M.J. Unser, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 4194 (1957) report melting points of 171-172°C and 173-175°C, respectively)
(iii) 2-(3'-α-(8'-Methyl-8'-azabicyclo(3.2.1)-octane)-8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4.5] decane dihydrochloride
The title compound is prepared according to Example 7 (i-iii) by substituting 3-β-Amino-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo (3.2.1) octane (3β-aminotropane) for 3-aminogainaclidine. The dihydrochloride was isolated as described in Example 7 (iii); yield 60% as a white amorphous solid; m.p. 234-235°C.in 60% yield. Elemental analyses suggest that the title compound was isolated as the monohydrate.
EXAMPLE 9
2-(3'β-8'-Methyl-8'-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane)-8,8-dipropy1-2-azaspiro[4.5] decane-dihydrochloride
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iv) by substituting 3-β-aminotropane for 3-α-aminotropane. The dihydrochloride was isolated as a white amorphous solid; m.p. 245-247°C. Elemental analyses suggest that the title compound was isolated as the monohydrate.
EXAMPLE 10
2-(4-Piperidinyl)-9,9-dipropyl-3-azaspiro[4.5]-decane dihydrochloride
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (i-iv) by substituting 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1,1-diacetic acid anhydride for 4,4-dipropylcyclohexane-1-carboxy-1-acetic acid anhydride.
II. Composition Examples
EXAMPLE 1 - CAPSULE COMPOSITION
An oral dosage form for administering Formula (1) compounds is produced by filing a standard two piece hard gelatin capsule with the ingredients in the
proportions shown in Table I, below.
Table I
INGREDIENTS AMOUNTS
8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2- 25 mg (4-piperidine) dihydrochloride
Lactose 55 mg
Talc 16 mg
Magnesium Stearate 4 mg EXAMPLE 2 - INJECTABLE PARENTERAL COMPOSITION
An injectable form for administering Formula (I) compounds is produced by stirring 1.5% by weight of 8,8-dipropyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2-(4-piperidine)
dihydrochloride in 10% by volume propylene glycol in water. Example 3 - Tablet Composition
The sucrose, calcium sulfate dihydrate and Formula (I) compound shown in Table II below, are mixed and granulated in the proportions shown with 10% gelatin solution. The wet granules are screened, dried, mixed with the starch, talc and stearic acid, screened and compressed into a tablet.
Tabl e II
Ingredients Amounts 8,8-diproρyl-2-azaspiro[4,5]decane-2- 20 mg (4-piperidine) dihydrochloride
calcium sulfate dihydrate 30 mg sucrose 4 mg starch 2 mg talc 1 mg stearic acid 0 .5 mg
While the above descriptions and examples fully describe the invention and the preferred embodiments thereof, it is understood that the invention is not limited to the particular disclosed embodiments coming within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
I. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various
antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 5 member hetero group with one hetero atom and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 408+.
II. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various
antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 5 member hetero group with 2 hetero atoms and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 361+.
III. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various
antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 5 member hetero group with 3 hetero atoms and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 383+.
IV. Claims 1-18, drawn to various antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 6 member hetero group with 1 hetero atom and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 277+.
V. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various
antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 6 member hetero group with 1 hetero atom and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 241+.
VI. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 6 member hetero group with 2 hetero atoms and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 247+.
VII. Claims 1, 3-7, 3-13 and 15-18, drawn to various antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 7 member hetero group with 1 hetero atom and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 212+.
VIII. Claims 1, 3-7, 9-13 and 15-18, drawn to various antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 7 member hetero group with 2 hetero atoms and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 218+.
IX. Claims 1, 3-7, 3-13 and 15-18, drawn to various antiviral azaspirane pharmaceutical compositions, containing a 7 member hetero group with 3 hetero atoms and methods for using such compositions, classified in Class 514, subclass 211.
The above delineaτeα inventions are independent and
patentably distinct each from the other . The grouped inventions differ both chemically and pharmacologically, a reference which would anticipate the invention of one group would neither anticipate, nor make obvious the inventions in the other groups. The searches are not co-inclusive as indicated by the diverse classification and nature of the subject matter. One skilled in the art would readily practice the invention of one of the above groups with out infringing and or practicing the invention of another group. The subject matter is unique and has acquired a separate status in the art and is fully capable of supporting
separate patents. For the foregoing reasons restriction is proper for examination purposes.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9201804 | 1992-01-28 | ||
GB929201804A GB9201804D0 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Methods |
PCT/US1993/000712 WO1993015735A1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-27 | (non descriptive)-a method for delaying hiv individual aids by administration of substituted azaspirane compounds |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0727993A1 true EP0727993A1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
EP0727993A4 EP0727993A4 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
Family
ID=10709399
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP93904656A Withdrawn EP0727993A1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-27 | (non descriptive)-a method for delaying hiv individual aids by administration of substituted azaspirane compounds |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0727993A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07504405A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3594293A (en) |
GB (1) | GB9201804D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993015735A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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PT100566B (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1999-06-30 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | IMMUNOMODULATOR AZASPIRANES, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM, PREPARATION AND USE |
GB9315351D0 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1993-09-08 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Methods |
GB9315340D0 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1993-09-08 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Methods |
GB9315306D0 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1993-09-08 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Methods |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0310321A2 (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-04-05 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Immunomodulatory azaspiranes |
WO1992014462A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Cytokine inhibitors |
WO1992022294A1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-23 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Immunomodulatory azaspiranes |
-
1992
- 1992-01-28 GB GB929201804A patent/GB9201804D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-01-27 AU AU35942/93A patent/AU3594293A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-27 JP JP5514099A patent/JPH07504405A/en active Pending
- 1993-01-27 WO PCT/US1993/000712 patent/WO1993015735A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-01-27 EP EP93904656A patent/EP0727993A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0310321A2 (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-04-05 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Immunomodulatory azaspiranes |
WO1992014462A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Cytokine inhibitors |
WO1992022294A1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-23 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Immunomodulatory azaspiranes |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, vol.46, 1988 pages 181 - 198 J.M. ANDRIEU ET AL. 'EFFECTS OF CYCLOSPORIN ON T-CELL SUBSETS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS DISEASE' * |
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol.33, no.11, 1990 pages 2963 - 2970 A.M. BADGER ET AL. 'ANTIARTHRITIC AND SUPPRESSOR CELL INDUCING ACTIVITY OF AZASPIRANES: STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS OF A NOVEL CLASS OF IMMUNOMODULATORY AGENTS' * |
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES, vol.26, no.3, 1988 pages 207 - 215 S. GOODMAN 'THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ORGANIC GERMANIUM' * |
See also references of WO9315735A1 * |
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JPH07504405A (en) | 1995-05-18 |
EP0727993A4 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
WO1993015735A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
AU3594293A (en) | 1993-09-03 |
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