EP0727794B1 - Transformer, in particular for energy converter, and resonant energy converter with such a transformer - Google Patents

Transformer, in particular for energy converter, and resonant energy converter with such a transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0727794B1
EP0727794B1 EP19960200430 EP96200430A EP0727794B1 EP 0727794 B1 EP0727794 B1 EP 0727794B1 EP 19960200430 EP19960200430 EP 19960200430 EP 96200430 A EP96200430 A EP 96200430A EP 0727794 B1 EP0727794 B1 EP 0727794B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
magnetic circuit
branches
air gap
magnetic
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EP19960200430
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0727794A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Dupuy
Christophe Lefebvre
Jean-Luc Morato
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Actia Automotive SA
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Actia SA
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/346Preventing or reducing leakage fields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F2027/348Preventing eddy currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer, in particular for an energy converter, comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding established on a magnetic circuit able to channel the flow of primary winding to secondary winding. She extends to a resonant energy converter with a such a transformer.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of transformers due to the existence of a magnetic flux leakage, and intends to provide a transformer designed to remove nuisance linked to this magnetic leakage flux.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a resonant energy converter from simplified design compared to converters of current resonance energy.
  • the invention aims, first place, a transformer whose magnetic circuit includes at least three branches, called lateral and central (s), connected to each other, to each of their ends, by two crosspieces.
  • Such a transformer therefore has the particularity of integrating, by design, a self leak whose flow is channeled into the material of the circuit magnetic, and whose characteristics can be adjusted according to the thickness and section of the air gap.
  • the presence of the closed coil avoids radiation to the outside of the flow magnetic leakage and therefore leads to a determination very precise characteristics of the self, and even in the range of high frequencies in conversion of energy, i.e. frequencies higher than 10 kHz.
  • Such an invention thus makes it possible to remove the nuisances linked to the existence of the flow of magnetic leak, using it to achieve a controlled self, and leads to supply a component integrating the functions of self and transformer which so far required two separate components.
  • this design ensures galvanic isolation and obtain performance of excellent dielectric strength.
  • patent DE 36 09617 describes a device in which two air gaps interrupt the magnetic circuit comprising the coils, and the common flow branch is devoid of air gap. This device therefore constitutes a coupled circuit which cannot act as a transformer, and its teaching does not can in no way suggest the object of the invention.
  • Patent DE 11 22627 describes, for its part, a magnetic amplifier whose primary windings and secondary are arranged on the same branch of the circuit magnetic, and having an air gap on another branch able to generate a coupling on a third winding.
  • the primary and secondary windings are crossed by the same magnetic flux, and the air gap cannot therefore constitute a controlled self such as that of the invention, materialized by the difference in flux between primary and secondary.
  • One of the applications of the invention aims thus the realization of energy converters constituted of a transformer connected in series with a choke, and this invention extends to energy converters to resonance incorporating a transformer as described above and at least one capacity connected in series and / or in parallel with the transformer, the air gap of said transformer being adjusted so that the resulting choke either a resonant choke capable of making it possible to obtain a high frequency in energy conversion, i.e. a frequency above 10 kHz between primary circuits and secondary.
  • Such a resonant energy converter has the advantage of being made up of a number of components restricted compared to energy converters at current resonance, and has a cost price lower and a simplified design compared to these last.
  • transformers represented schematically in Figures 2 to 4 show the particularity of integrating the functions of self and transformer that so far required two separate components. Such transformers are particularly intended for the realization of resonant energy converters, as shown schematically at Figure 1, comprising, in addition to said transformers, a electronic switch assembly I mounted on at least one capacity C, and a rectifier stage plus loads R.
  • the air gap and the capacity are adjusted so as to obtain a resonant frequency, that is to say a frequency greater than 10 kHz.
  • each of these transformers have a magnetic circuit 1 consisting of two identical elements 2, 3 adapted for be arranged in an inverted position with respect to the other, said elements having transversely the general shape of an E, one of the branches of which has a shorter length than other branches.
  • the magnetic circuit 1 thus formed therefore has three parallel branches, one branch central 4 and two side branches 5, 6, connected to each other, towards each of their ends, in pairs sleepers 7, 8.
  • One of the branches of this circuit magnetic 1 has an air gap 9 forming a choke controlled leak, the characteristics of which may be adjusted according to the thickness and the section of said air gap.
  • elements 2, 3 of the magnetic circuit 1 can be designed so that the air gap 9 is provided, either in line with the central branch 4 (FIG. 2), either to the right of one of the lateral branches, in example 6 (figure 3).
  • the transformer also has a primary winding 10 and a secondary winding 11 arranged respectively around the branches without air gap 9 and therefore mounted on a closed magnetic circuit at low magnetic reluctance with respect to an open circuit including an air gap. So according to the variant of embodiment shown in Figure 2, these windings primary 10 and secondary 11 are arranged respectively around the lateral branches 5, 6. On the other hand, according to the alternative embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, these primary 10 and secondary 11 windings are arranged respectively around the central branch 4 and one of the side branches 5.
  • the transformer has a turn closed exterior 12 arranged around the magnetic circuit 1 and intended to avoid the radiation of the magnetic flux of leak to the outside.
  • this outer fiber can be constituted by a housing 12 of a metallic material enclosing the circuit magnetic 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)

Description

L'invention vise un transformateur, notamment pour convertisseur d'énergie, comportant un bobinage primaire et un bobinage secondaire établis sur un circuit magnétique apte à canaliser le flux de l'enroulement primaire vers l'enroulement secondaire. Elle s'étend à un convertisseur d'énergie à résonance doté d'un tel transformateur.The invention relates to a transformer, in particular for an energy converter, comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding established on a magnetic circuit able to channel the flow of primary winding to secondary winding. She extends to a resonant energy converter with a such a transformer.

Un des inconvénients majeurs que présentent actuellement les transformateurs existants réside dans le fait que ces derniers présentent un flux magnétique de fuite pénalisant à double titre de tels transformateurs. En effet, et en premier lieu, ce flux magnétique génère des courants de Foucault qui engendrent des pertes au contact des conducteurs électriques. De plus, ce flux magnétique de fuite rayonnant dans l'air environnant, son comportement est fonction des caractéristiques électro-magnétiques de cet environnement. De ce fait, ce flux magnétique de fuite s'avère, dans la pratique, incontrôlable.One of the major drawbacks currently the existing transformers resides in the fact that these present a magnetic flux of leakage penalizing double such transformers. In effect, and first of all, this magnetic flux generates Eddy currents which generate contact losses electrical conductors. In addition, this magnetic flux of radiant leak in the surrounding air, its behavior is a function of the electromagnetic characteristics of this environment. Therefore, this magnetic flux of leakage proves, in practice, uncontrollable.

La seule solution actuelle proposée pour pallier ces inconvénients consiste à tenter de minimiser ce flux magnétique de fuite. A cet effet, la solution la plus courante consiste à réaliser autour du circuit magnétique un capotage formant une fibre extérieure fermée qui empêche le flux magnétique de fuite de rayonner à l'extérieur du transformateur. Une telle solution a pour avantage de limiter le flux magnétique de fuite en supprimant une partie de ce dernier. Toutefois, elle ne résout pas les problèmes liés à l'existence de ce flux magnétique de fuite car elle permet seulement de le minimiser mais non de le contrôler.The only current solution proposed for overcoming these disadvantages consists in trying to minimize this magnetic flux leakage. For this purpose, the most common is to perform around the magnetic circuit a cover forming a closed outer fiber which prevents the magnetic flux of leakage to radiate outside the transformer. The advantage of such a solution is limit the magnetic flux of leakage by removing a part of the latter. However, it does not resolve problems related to the existence of this magnetic flux leakage because it only allows to minimize it but not to control.

La présente invention vise à pallier les inconvénients des transformateurs dus à l'existence d'un flux magnétique de fuite, et se propose de fournir un transformateur conçu pour permettre de supprimer les nuisances liées à ce flux magnétique de fuite.The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of transformers due to the existence of a magnetic flux leakage, and intends to provide a transformer designed to remove nuisance linked to this magnetic leakage flux.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un convertisseur d'énergie à résonance de conception simplifiée par rapport aux convertisseurs d'énergie à résonance actuels.Another object of the invention is to provide a resonant energy converter from simplified design compared to converters of current resonance energy.

A cet effet, l'invention vise, en premier lieu, un transformateur dont le circuit magnétique comporte au moins trois branches, dites latérales et centrale(s), reliées les unes aux autres, vers chacune de leurs extrémités, par deux traverses.To this end, the invention aims, first place, a transformer whose magnetic circuit includes at least three branches, called lateral and central (s), connected to each other, to each of their ends, by two crosspieces.

Selon l'invention, ce transformateur se caractérise en ce que :

  • les bobinages primaire et secondaire sont disposés respectivement autour de deux branches distinctes reliées par les traverses de façon à former avec ces dernières un circuit fermé à faible réluctance magnétique par rapport à un circuit ouvert, c'est-à-dire un circuit comprenant un entrefer,
  • la troisième branche comporte un entrefer d'épaisseur prédéterminée ajustable entre une valeur minimale donnée et une valeur maximale sensiblement égale à la longueur de ladite branche, apte à canaliser le flux magnétique de fuite du transformateur correspondant à la différence de potentiel magnétique entre les traverses,
  • une spire extérieure fermée est disposée autour du circuit magnétique.
According to the invention, this transformer is characterized in that:
  • the primary and secondary windings are arranged respectively around two separate branches connected by the crosspieces so as to form with them a closed circuit with low magnetic reluctance compared to an open circuit, that is to say a circuit comprising an air gap ,
  • the third branch comprises a gap of predetermined thickness adjustable between a given minimum value and a maximum value substantially equal to the length of said branch, able to channel the magnetic leakage flux from the transformer corresponding to the difference in magnetic potential between the crosspieces,
  • a closed external coil is arranged around the magnetic circuit.

L'invention a donc consisté à réaliser un transformateur :

  • dont les bobinages primaire et secondaire sont disposés sur deux branches distinctes d'un circuit fermé et sont donc traversés par des flux de valeurs différentes,
  • comportant une branche à flux commun dotée d'un entrefer constituant une self contrôlée dont les caractéristiques sont déterminées par la différence de valeur entre les flux traversant les deux branches du circuit fermé.
The invention therefore consisted in making a transformer:
  • whose primary and secondary windings are arranged on two distinct branches of a closed circuit and are therefore crossed by fluxes of different values,
  • comprising a common flow branch provided with an air gap constituting a controlled reactor whose characteristics are determined by the difference in value between the flows passing through the two branches of the closed circuit.

Un tel transformateur a donc la particularité d'intégrer, de par sa conception, une self de fuite dont le flux est canalisé dans le matériau du circuit magnétique, et dont les caractéristiques peuvent être ajustées en fonction de l'épaisseur et de la section de l'entrefer.Such a transformer therefore has the particularity of integrating, by design, a self leak whose flow is channeled into the material of the circuit magnetic, and whose characteristics can be adjusted according to the thickness and section of the air gap.

De plus, la présence de la spire fermée permet d'éviter les rayonnements vers l'extérieur du flux magnétique de fuite et conduit donc à une détermination très précise des caractéristiques de la self, et ce même dans la gamme des hautes fréquences en conversion d'énergie, c'est-à-dire des fréquences supérieures à 10 kHz.In addition, the presence of the closed coil avoids radiation to the outside of the flow magnetic leakage and therefore leads to a determination very precise characteristics of the self, and even in the range of high frequencies in conversion of energy, i.e. frequencies higher than 10 kHz.

Une telle invention permet ainsi de supprimer les nuisances liées à l'existence du flux de fuite magnétique, en utilisant celui-ci de façon à réaliser une self contrôlée, et conduit à fournir un composant intégrant les fonctions de self et de transformateur qui nécessitaient, jusqu'à présent, deux composants distincts.Such an invention thus makes it possible to remove the nuisances linked to the existence of the flow of magnetic leak, using it to achieve a controlled self, and leads to supply a component integrating the functions of self and transformer which so far required two separate components.

Par ailleurs, une telle conception selon laquelle les bobinages primaire et secondaire sont dissociés, conduit à minimiser le couplage capacitif entre lesdits bobinages primaire et secondaire, et assure de ce fait une barrière vis à vis des parasites de mode commun qui confère au transformateur des performances excellentes en terme de compatibilité électro-magnétique (notamment sur les lignes de sortie).Furthermore, such a design according to which the primary and secondary windings are dissociated, leads to minimizing the capacitive coupling between said primary and secondary windings, and ensures that makes a barrier against common mode parasites which gives the transformer excellent performance in terms of electromagnetic compatibility (especially on the output lines).

En outre, cette conception permet d'assurer des isolements galvaniques et d'obtenir des performances de rigidité diélectrique excellentes.In addition, this design ensures galvanic isolation and obtain performance of excellent dielectric strength.

Il est à noter qu'il était connu notamment des brevets DE 36 09617 et DE 11 22627 de réaliser des circuits magnétiques du type décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1 et dont au moins une des branches comporte un entrefer. Toutefois, les objectifs visés dans ces brevets sont totalement différents de ceux visés par l'invention, et la conception des dispositifs décrits dans ces derniers ne suggère en rien de réaliser un transformateur conforme à l'invention. It should be noted that he was known in particular patents DE 36 09617 and DE 11 22627 to carry out magnetic circuits of the type described in the preamble to the claim 1 and of which at least one of the branches comprises an air gap. However, the objectives set out in these patents are totally different from those covered by the invention, and the design of the devices described in the latter in no way suggests carrying out a transformer according to the invention.

En effet, le brevet DE 36 09617 décrit un dispositif dans lequel deux entrefers interrompent le circuit magnétique comportant les bobines, et dont la branche de flux commun est dépourvu d'entrefer. Ce dispositif constitue donc un circuit couplé ne pouvant faire office de transformateur, et son enseignement ne saurait en aucun cas suggérer l'objet de l'invention.Indeed, patent DE 36 09617 describes a device in which two air gaps interrupt the magnetic circuit comprising the coils, and the common flow branch is devoid of air gap. This device therefore constitutes a coupled circuit which cannot act as a transformer, and its teaching does not can in no way suggest the object of the invention.

Le brevet DE 11 22627 décrit, quant à lui, un amplificateur magnétique dont les bobinages primaire et secondaire sont disposés sur une même branche du circuit magnétique, et comportant un entrefer sur une autre branche apte à générer un couplage sur un troisième bobinage. De par cette conception, les bobinages primaire et secondaire sont traversés par le même flux magnétique, et l'entrefer ne peut donc constituer une self contrôlée telle que celle de l'invention, matérialisée par la différence de flux entre primaire et secondaire.Patent DE 11 22627 describes, for its part, a magnetic amplifier whose primary windings and secondary are arranged on the same branch of the circuit magnetic, and having an air gap on another branch able to generate a coupling on a third winding. Of by this design, the primary and secondary windings are crossed by the same magnetic flux, and the air gap cannot therefore constitute a controlled self such as that of the invention, materialized by the difference in flux between primary and secondary.

Une des applications de l'invention vise ainsi la réalisation de convertisseurs d'énergie constitués d'un transformateur monté en série avec une self, et cette invention s'étend à des convertisseurs d'énergie à résonance incorporant un transformateur tel que décrit ci-dessus et au moins une capacité montée en série et/ou en parallèle avec le transformateur, l'entrefer dudit tansformateur étant ajusté de façon que la self résultante soit une self de résonance apte à permettre d'obtenir une haute fréquence en conversion d'énergie, c'est-à-dire une fréquence supérieure à 10 kHz entre les circuits primaire et secondaire.One of the applications of the invention aims thus the realization of energy converters constituted of a transformer connected in series with a choke, and this invention extends to energy converters to resonance incorporating a transformer as described above and at least one capacity connected in series and / or in parallel with the transformer, the air gap of said transformer being adjusted so that the resulting choke either a resonant choke capable of making it possible to obtain a high frequency in energy conversion, i.e. a frequency above 10 kHz between primary circuits and secondary.

Un tel convertisseur d'énergie à résonance offre l'avantage d'être constitué d'un nombre de composants restreint par rapport aux convertisseurs d'énergie à résonance actuels, et présente un coût de revient inférieur et une conception simplifiée par rapport à ces derniers.Such a resonant energy converter has the advantage of being made up of a number of components restricted compared to energy converters at current resonance, and has a cost price lower and a simplified design compared to these last.

D'autres caractéristiques buts et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui suit en référence aux dessins annexés qui en représentent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs deux variantes de réalisation. Sur ces dessins qui font partie intégrante de la présente description :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma équivalent d'un convertisseur d'énergie conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique frontale d'une première variante de réalisation d'un transformateur conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique frontale d'une deuxième variante de réalisation de ce transformateur,
  • et la figure 4 est une vue en perspective schématique d'un transformateur conforme à celui représenté à la figure 3.
Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings which show by way of non-limiting examples two alternative embodiments. On these drawings which form an integral part of this description:
  • FIG. 1 is an equivalent diagram of an energy converter according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a first alternative embodiment of a transformer according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a second alternative embodiment of this transformer,
  • and FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a transformer conforming to that shown in FIG. 3.

Les transformateurs représentés schématiquement aux figures 2 à 4 présentent la particularité d'intégrer les fonctions de self et de transformateur qui nécessitaient jusqu'à présent deux composants distincts. De tels transformateurs sont particulièrement destinés à la réalisation de convertisseurs d'énergie à résonance, tel que schématisés à la figure 1, comportant, outre lesdits transformateurs, un ensemble interrupteur électronique I monté sur au moins une capacité C, et un étage redresseur plus charges R.The transformers represented schematically in Figures 2 to 4 show the particularity of integrating the functions of self and transformer that so far required two separate components. Such transformers are particularly intended for the realization of resonant energy converters, as shown schematically at Figure 1, comprising, in addition to said transformers, a electronic switch assembly I mounted on at least one capacity C, and a rectifier stage plus loads R.

Dans ce cas, l'entrefer et la capacité sont ajustés de façon à obtenir une fréquence de résonance, c'est-à-dire une fréquence supérieure à 10 kHz.In this case, the air gap and the capacity are adjusted so as to obtain a resonant frequency, that is to say a frequency greater than 10 kHz.

Tel que représenté à la figure 4, chacun de ces transformateurs comporte un circuit magnétique 1 constitué de deux éléments identiques 2, 3 adaptés pour être disposés en position inversée l'un par rapport à l'autre, lesdits éléments présentant transversalement la forme générale d'un E dont l'une des branches présente une longueur inférieure à celle des autres branches.As shown in Figure 4, each of these transformers have a magnetic circuit 1 consisting of two identical elements 2, 3 adapted for be arranged in an inverted position with respect to the other, said elements having transversely the general shape of an E, one of the branches of which has a shorter length than other branches.

Le circuit magnétique 1 ainsi formé comporte donc trois branches parallèles, une branche centrale 4 et deux branches latérales 5, 6, reliées les unes aux autres, vers chacune de leurs extrémités, par deux traverses 7, 8.The magnetic circuit 1 thus formed therefore has three parallel branches, one branch central 4 and two side branches 5, 6, connected to each other, towards each of their ends, in pairs sleepers 7, 8.

De plus une des branches de ce circuit magnétique 1 comporte un entrefer 9 formant une self de fuite contrôlée dont les caractéristiques peuvent être ajustées en fonction de l'épaisseur et de la section dudit entrefer.One of the branches of this circuit magnetic 1 has an air gap 9 forming a choke controlled leak, the characteristics of which may be adjusted according to the thickness and the section of said air gap.

En outre, tel que représenté respectivement aux figures 2 et 3, les éléments 2, 3 du circuit magnétique 1 peuvent être conçus de façon que l'entrefer 9 soit ménagé, soit au droit de la branche centrale 4 (figure 2), soit au droit d'une des branches latérales, en l'exemple 6 (figure 3).In addition, as shown respectively in Figures 2 and 3, elements 2, 3 of the magnetic circuit 1 can be designed so that the air gap 9 is provided, either in line with the central branch 4 (FIG. 2), either to the right of one of the lateral branches, in example 6 (figure 3).

Le transformateur comporte également un bobinage primaire 10 et un bobinage secondaire 11 disposés respectivement autour des branches dépourvues d'entrefer 9 et donc montés sur un circuit magnétique fermé à faible réluctance magnétique par rapport à un circuit ouvert comprenant un entrefer. Ainsi, selon la variante de réalisation représentée à la figure 2, ces bobinages primaire 10 et secondaire 11 sont disposés respectivement autour des branches latérales 5, 6. Par contre, selon la variante de réalisation représentée aux figures 3 et 4, ces bobinages primaire 10 et secondaire 11 sont disposés respectivement autour de la branche centrale 4 et d'une des branches latérales 5.The transformer also has a primary winding 10 and a secondary winding 11 arranged respectively around the branches without air gap 9 and therefore mounted on a closed magnetic circuit at low magnetic reluctance with respect to an open circuit including an air gap. So according to the variant of embodiment shown in Figure 2, these windings primary 10 and secondary 11 are arranged respectively around the lateral branches 5, 6. On the other hand, according to the alternative embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, these primary 10 and secondary 11 windings are arranged respectively around the central branch 4 and one of the side branches 5.

Le transformateur comporte enfin, une spire extérieure fermée 12 disposée autour du circuit magnétique 1 et destinée à éviter le rayonnement du flux magnétique de fuite vers l'extérieur. Tel que schématisé à la figure 4, cette fibre extérieure peut être constituée par un boítier 12 en un matériau métallique renfermant le circuit magnétique 1.Finally, the transformer has a turn closed exterior 12 arranged around the magnetic circuit 1 and intended to avoid the radiation of the magnetic flux of leak to the outside. As shown in Figure 4, this outer fiber can be constituted by a housing 12 of a metallic material enclosing the circuit magnetic 1.

Claims (6)

  1. A transformer, particularly for an energy converter, having primary (10) and secondary (11) windings which are defined on a magnetic circuit (1) which is able to channel the flux from the primary winding (10) towards the secondary winding (11), wherein the magnetic circuit (1) comprises at least three so-called side and central branches (4 - 6) which are linked to each other towards each of the ends thereof by means of two crosspieces (7, 8),
    wherein said transformer is characterized in that:
    the primary (10) and secondary (11) windings are arranged around two respective separate crosspieces (5, 6; 4, 5) which are linked by means of the crosspieces (7, 8) so as to form therewith a closed magnetic circuit having a weaker magnetic reluctance as compared with an open magnetic circuit, namely a circuit having an air gap,
    at least one of the other branches (4; 6) comprises an air gap (9) having a predetermined thickness which is able to be adjusted between a given minimal value and a maximal value which is substantially equal to the length of said branch, said air gap being able to channel the leaking magnetic flux of the transformer corresponding to the magnetic potential difference between the crosspieces (7, 8);
    an outer closed winding (12) is arranged around the magnetic circuit.
  2. A transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer winding is comprised of a box (12) in a metallic material, said box enclosing the magnetic circuit (1).
  3. A transformer according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises three branches (4 - 6), wherein the branch of the magnetic circuit (1) having an air gap (9) is the central branch (4) of said magnetic circuit.
  4. A transformer according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises three branches (4 - 6), wherein the branch of the magnetic circuit (1) having an air gap (9) is one of the side branches (6) of said magnetic circuit.
  5. A transformer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic circuit (1) is comprised of identical elements (2, 3) which are adapted for being arranged in mutually reversed positions, wherein in the transversal direction, said elements have the general shape of a E one of the branches (4; 6) of which has a length which is shorter than that of the other branches (5, 6; 4, 5).
  6. A resonance energy converter, characterized in that it comprises a transformer according to one of claims 1 to 5 and at least one capacitance which is connected in series and/or in parallel with said transformer, wherein the air gap (9) of said transformer is adjusted such that the resulting inductance is a resonance inductance allowing to obtain a high energy conversion frequency between the primary (10) and secondary windings (11), namely a frequency which is higher than 10 kHz.
EP19960200430 1995-02-20 1996-02-19 Transformer, in particular for energy converter, and resonant energy converter with such a transformer Expired - Lifetime EP0727794B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502027A FR2730849B1 (en) 1995-02-20 1995-02-20 TRANSFORMER, PARTICULARLY FOR AN ENERGY CONVERTER, AND A RESONANCE ENERGY CONVERTER HAVING SUCH A TRANSFORMER
FR9502027 1995-02-20

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EP0727794A1 EP0727794A1 (en) 1996-08-21
EP0727794B1 true EP0727794B1 (en) 1999-09-01

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DE (1) DE69603993T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2730849B1 (en)

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EP0727794A1 (en) 1996-08-21
DE69603993T2 (en) 2000-05-18
FR2730849B1 (en) 1997-05-09
FR2730849A1 (en) 1996-08-23
DE69603993D1 (en) 1999-10-07

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