EP0723656A1 - Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier - Google Patents

Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier

Info

Publication number
EP0723656A1
EP0723656A1 EP95920348A EP95920348A EP0723656A1 EP 0723656 A1 EP0723656 A1 EP 0723656A1 EP 95920348 A EP95920348 A EP 95920348A EP 95920348 A EP95920348 A EP 95920348A EP 0723656 A1 EP0723656 A1 EP 0723656A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parameters
pulp
properties
chips
lumber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95920348A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Olsson
Mikael Karlsson
Christer BJÖRKLUND
kjell SJÖBERG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bestwood AB
Original Assignee
BESTWOOD SJOEBERG KJELL AB
Bestwood AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BESTWOOD SJOEBERG KJELL AB, Bestwood AB filed Critical BESTWOOD SJOEBERG KJELL AB
Publication of EP0723656A1 publication Critical patent/EP0723656A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/34—Paper
    • G01N33/343—Paper pulp
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light

Definitions

  • the line can also be customers, sellers and their different product demands. Intermedi ⁇ ate process-steps in the line or parts thereof also have to be determined in order to obtain control feedback to the manufacturing process.
  • Pulp is characterised by, for instance, the measuring of tensile and tear index, density and light scattering coefficient. It is thus evident that not only chemical parameters such as kappa number - a measure of remaining lignin in the pulp - cellulose and hemicellulose are crucial for the product characterisation.
  • Tearindex and tensiieindex are examples of this.
  • pulping and bleaching the pulp is changed as well in properties as in appearance. The same holds true for paper after addition of filler materials and treatment with different chemicals.
  • Addi ⁇ tion of recycled fibre demands knowledge about the quality of virgin fibre as well as recycled.
  • different parameters and quality properties are cru ⁇ cial for the final result.
  • a future competitive manufacture will need improved measuring methods in order to be able to
  • the invention is a method to determine properties, qualitative and quantita ⁇ tive, of cellulose fibre products such as trees, lumber, timber, chips, saw dust, pulp and paper.
  • the method can be performed before, during and after processing or parts thereof to a from the charge to the final product.
  • the method can be used for product classification, sorting and for monitor ⁇ ing of processes and additions during different process steps.
  • the method is characterised by the mathematical treating data from spec- troscopy of named fibre products by multivariate methods so-called chemometrics, with the spectra preferably obtained in the wavenumber region of 200-15400 cm "1 .
  • the invention is not limited to the cellulose fibre products given above.
  • the method also can predict several parameters determined at the same time, chemical as well as physical as latent and collective parameters such as processability. Further, the status and changes in a process such as ageing or chemical conversion can be determined. Parameters and properties today tak ⁇ ing hours and days to determine now can be made in minutes, seconds or parts thereof.
  • Mentioned manufacturing processes generally consists of several steps where the product of one step is the raw material for the next.
  • the advantage of being able to use comparative methods of determination during and in- between several process steps is obvious.
  • the figure below show determination of dependent variables in processes with several steps.
  • latent information we mean results of several parameters together. Single parameters and correlation may however be meas- urable, but the demanded total result can also be grouped in a way where the effects of underlying chemical and physical parameters appear as one entity.
  • Another example is the ability to predict quality as for instance flaws in me ⁇ chanical properties of lumber used for glued wood.
  • NIR Near Infra Red spectroscopy
  • Banerjee Lignin determination by FT-IR. Appl. Spect., 1992. 46(2): p. 246-248. Wright, J.A., M.D. Birkett, and M.J.T. Gambino, Prediction of pulp yield and cellu- lose content from wood samples using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Tappi J., 1990. 73(8): p. 164-166.
  • Wallbacks, L., U. Edlund, and B. Norden Multivariate data analysis of in situ pulp kinetics using 13C CP/MAS NMR. J. of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 1989. 9(2): p. 235-249.
  • Wallbacks, L. Pulp Characterization Using Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis. 1991, University of Umea, Dept. of Organic Chemis ⁇ try, S-901 87, Umea, Sweden: Wallbacks, L., et al, Multivariate characterization of pulp using solid-state C13 NMR, FT-IR and NIR. Tappi J., 1991. 74(10): p.
  • NIR compared to NMR and FT-IR is the spectroscopic method gen ⁇ erating most information from a system of birch pulp. He shows that xylose, glucose, Klason lignin and galactose can be predicted by NIR, FT-IR, NMR in combination with multivariate methods. The best result is obtained by adding spectra from the three methods to a combination spectrum. Wallbacks tech ⁇ nique does not generate as good models as those in the present invention. This is caused by non linearities mentioned above that can not acceptably be mod- elled.
  • Possibilities are also shown by transforming classic physical descriptors (18#) originating from 7 commercially available pulp samples to a latent vari ⁇ able plane (with PCA), to follow the influence of certain unit operations such as grinding and with some doubt predict those. Wallback points out that it is "extremely important to be able to characterise pulp (physically) in a fast and efficient manner in the future. One way would be using spectroscopic measures such as NIR or FT-IR". We show exactly this in the present invention.
  • Wallback also show in: Characterisation of Chemical Pulps using Spectros ⁇ copy, Fibre Dimensions and Multivariate Data Analysis, in the 7th ISWPC. 1993. Beijing, PR of China. The possibility to predict physical descriptors by spectroscopy. It is however necessary that to independent data (spectra) add information about grinding which generally is not available in the real case. This makes Wallback's method to differ from the present invention.
  • the absorbance data obtained are analysed by multi ⁇ variate statistical analysis e.g. chemometrics.
  • multi ⁇ variate statistical analysis e.g. chemometrics.
  • the spectral data first have been linearised.
  • NIRR Near Infra Red Reflectance
  • the measured absorbance is not line ⁇ arly correlated to the desired properties of the samples. This depends mostly on light scattering effects, in turn depending on the physical nature and form of the samples.
  • Several methods of transforming for linearising have been devel- oped to overcome with this effect. Four of the most common are:
  • K-M Kubelka-Munk transformation
  • MSC Multiplicative Scatter Correction
  • SNV Standard Normal Variate Transformation
  • Multivariate analysis of absorbance or reflectance data identify spectral fea ⁇ tures, so-called principal components, which are then used to model qualitative and quantitative properties of the samples.
  • chemometrics is used to construct a calibration set and to predict unknown samples.
  • PCA Principal Component Analysis
  • ASTM Standard E131-90, Def ofPCA, in Standard Definitions of Terms and Symbols Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy. De- vaux, M.F., et al., Application of multidimensional analyses to the extraction of dis ⁇ criminant spectral patterns from NIR spectra. Appl.
  • chemometric algorithms preferred in this invention are PCA for qualita ⁇ tive results and PLS for quantitative results.
  • PCA is a powerful transformation technique which projects a multidimen ⁇ sional data set with correlated variables to a smaller data set with non corre ⁇ lated variables.
  • the purpose of this transformation is to rotate the coordinate system so that maximal amount of information is obtained on fewer axis than in the original arrangement.
  • This smaller and non correlated amount of data which retains almost the same amount of information as the original data-set thereafter can be used to calculate predictive model.
  • principal components explain up to 99% of the variance of the data.
  • the principal com- ponents which can be related to desired properties of the samples are then used to determine these properties i.e. qualitative results.
  • PLS is a development of PCA having a regression step between information from the principal components and a desired property of the samples, i.e. PLS gives quantitative results.
  • the invention describes a method for the determination of quality of differ ⁇ ent material originating from wood, which we hereafter have given the collec ⁇ tive name of cellulose fibre products.
  • the invention will now be described in detail.
  • the procedure according to the invention is described for discrete wood, saw dust, chips and pulp samples which have been scanned by NIRR in a probe cell in laboratory environment, but the procedure is not limited to samples measured in this manner, measurements in situ can also be made.
  • fibre optics can be used in any standard configuration i.e. the detector and/ or source of light can be placed remote from the measured object, the actual cellulose fibre product.
  • the detector obtains its analyte-beam from the light source via one or more optical fibres by which in some way passes via the sample.
  • absorbance data preferably in the wavelength region between 200 cm “1 and 15400 cm “1 , are collected for samples with known chemical concentrations and physical properties.
  • the samples collected reflects the actual span of the parameters or properties of the product.
  • the number of samples which in this way are gathered for the calibration should be more than 30 and they must also be representative for the parameters or properties to be measured.
  • Standard methods e.g. TAPPI meth- ods which are common in wood, paper and pulp industry are used to obtain mentioned reference concentrations and properties.
  • Absorbance data, in the above mentioned spectral region, of corresponding samples are then analysed with the mentioned multivariate statistics with the objective to build a predict ⁇ ing model.
  • Figure 1 Qualitative analysis of wood chips show the possibilities to iden ⁇ tify wood chips from different tree species and trunk sampling location. The samples are from spruce, pine, maple, birch and are divided in bark and wood respectively. In the case of pine a separation of splint and core was made. Every quality are represented by 5 samples of each. Obtained spectral data were ana ⁇ lysed by PCA. Very good possibilities for identification are present as shown in figure 1.
  • the charged saw dust must have passed through a certain storing/ageing.
  • the storing process is af ⁇ fected by external factors, such as temperature, moisture, season, biological degradation, quality and origin of ingoing saw dust.
  • external factors such as temperature, moisture, season, biological degradation, quality and origin of ingoing saw dust.
  • Especially large problems are present in winter time.
  • the extent of how far the storage procedure has pro- ceeded is today determined by sensoric human estimation.
  • the present inven ⁇ tion correlates the qualitative judgement of the status of the storage procedure, so-called processability, by spectral data.
  • n number of samples
  • Chips were taken from birch, stored during 1.5 years, dried and sieved. The chips were boiled in an autoclave in laboratory scale and 46 pulp samples were taken out during different intervals to obtain a varying degree of delig- nification. The samples were dried and ground before analysis.
  • Figure 3 a-f "characterisation of pulp I" show how yield, kappa number and concentrations of lignin, glucose, xylose and uronic acid were predicted by PLS.
  • moisture was determined on 50 samples of spruce. The samples are sorted after area of growth, different sampling locations on the trunk. The samples were obtained during various periods from January through April. Samples from all these groups are used in the regression model. The samples were accuired as saw dust from above mentioned spruce logs which subsequently was submitted to NIRR analysis in the wavelength interval of 400-2500 nm. The spectra obtained have first been pretreated by the second derivative according to Savitzky et. al. Then a multivariate regression was made with all wavelengths using the PLS regression, for prediction results see figure 5.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour déterminer des caractéristiques de qualité, des paramètres qualitatifs et quantitatifs relatifs à des produits en fibre cellulosique tels que des arbres, du bois d'÷uvre, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pâte et du papier, avant, pendant et après leur transformation partielle ou complète en un produit final, paramètres décisifs pour la classification, le triage et le contrôle des produits ainsi que pour les adjuvants ajoutés au cours des différentes étapes du procédé. Ce dernier est caractérisé par le traitement des données spectroscopiques dans la région de longueur d'onde de 200-15 400 nm desdits produits fibreux à l'aide d'une technique multivariable appelée chimiométrie. L'invention ne se limite pas aux produits en fibre cellulosique précitées. Plusieurs paramètres peuvent être déterminés simultanément, qu'il s'agisse de paramètres chimiques et physiques ou de paramètres latents ou collectifs tels que l'aptitude à la mise en ÷uvre. Par ailleurs, l'état et les variations d'un processus tel que le vieillissement ou la transformation chimique peuvent être déterminés. Des paramètres et des caractéristiques, dont la détermination exige actuellement des heures et des jours, pourront désormais être déterminés en l'espace de quelques minutes, secondes ou fractions de seconde.
EP95920348A 1994-05-18 1995-05-17 Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier Withdrawn EP0723656A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9401707 1994-05-18
SE9401707A SE9401707L (sv) 1994-05-18 1994-05-18 Spektrofotometrisk metod att mäta kvalitets och styrke parametrar hos träd, virke trävaror, flis, spån, massa och papper
PCT/SE1995/000560 WO1995031710A1 (fr) 1994-05-18 1995-05-17 Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0723656A1 true EP0723656A1 (fr) 1996-07-31

Family

ID=20394039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95920348A Withdrawn EP0723656A1 (fr) 1994-05-18 1995-05-17 Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0723656A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2582795A (fr)
SE (1) SE9401707L (fr)
WO (1) WO1995031710A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0967326B1 (fr) 1998-06-22 2006-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour conduire et optimaliser un processus lors de la fabrication de nappes et/ou plaques de fibres
DE19827743C2 (de) * 1998-06-22 2002-03-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung eines holzverarbeitenden Prozesses
FI110545B (fi) 1998-10-28 2003-02-14 Valtion Teknillinen Puuaineksen mittausmenetelmä ja -järjestely
SE523308E (sv) 2000-03-02 2007-12-27 Valmet Fibertech Ab Förfarande för kontinuerlig bestämning av egenskaper hos ett trägiberflöde för träfiberskiveframställning
SE516232C2 (sv) 2000-04-14 2001-12-03 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Sätt vid framställning av massa samt produkt av sättet
AU2001234954A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-08 Midwest Research Institute Use of a region of the visible and near infrared spectrum to predict mechanical properties of wet wood and standing trees
DE10041071C2 (de) * 2000-08-22 2002-09-26 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Überwachung von thermo-mechanischen Holzaufschlussprozessen
GB0102688D0 (en) * 2001-02-02 2001-03-21 Enigma Nv Method for assessing remaining useful life and overall quality of laminating paper
EP1859253B1 (fr) * 2005-03-04 2012-09-12 FPInnovations Procédé de détermination de l indice kappa de pulpe chimique par spectrométrie visible-proche de l infrarouge, et moyens pour ceci
GB0509671D0 (en) * 2005-05-12 2005-06-15 Scottish Crop Res Inst Analysis of wood
US7324904B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2008-01-29 Weyerhauser Company Methods for determining dimensional stability of wood products utilizing single and multiple sensor groups
US7584652B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2009-09-08 Weyerhaeuser Nr Company Methods of rapidly simulating in-service warp distortion of a wood product and/or rapidly estimating shrinkage properties using electromagnetic energy
US7286956B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2007-10-23 Weyerhaeuser Company Methods of estimating the dimensional stability of a wood product from simple algebraic functions of moisture, shrinkage rates and grain angles
AT504893B1 (de) * 2007-06-18 2008-09-15 Kompetenzzentrum Holz Gmbh Verfahren zum bestimmen der zusammensetzung von faserstoffgemischen und/oder formteilen
CN101900673A (zh) * 2010-06-02 2010-12-01 北京林业大学 一种在线无损检测纸张性能的方法
CN102605663A (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-07-25 湖南骏泰浆纸有限责任公司 一种木片流量监控系统及稳定制浆连续蒸煮的方法
DE102015005379B4 (de) * 2015-04-23 2017-06-01 Christoph Cramer Verfahren zum Herstellen von Platten, Scheiben und anderen Körpern aus Birkenrindenstücken
CA3118401A1 (fr) 2018-11-02 2020-05-07 Gcp Applied Technologies, Inc Production de ciment

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5104485A (en) * 1988-05-31 1992-04-14 Hercules Incorporated Method of measuring non-aqueous constituents in a pulp slurry of a water/cellulose matrix
US5121337A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-06-09 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Method for correcting spectral data for data due to the spectral measurement process itself and estimating unknown property and/or composition data of a sample using such method
US5206701A (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-04-27 Amoco Corporation Apparatus for near-infrared spectrophotometric analysis
US5242602A (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-07 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Spectrophotometric monitoring of multiple water treatment performance indicators using chemometrics

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9531710A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2582795A (en) 1995-12-05
SE9401707L (sv) 1995-11-19
WO1995031710A1 (fr) 1995-11-23
SE9401707D0 (sv) 1994-05-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2189858C (fr) Procede et moyens de quantification d'agents chimiques fonctionnels dans du papier et dans de la pate a papier
EP0723656A1 (fr) Procede spectrophotometrique pour mesurer des parametres de qualite et de resistance dans des arbres, du bois de construction, des copeaux, de la sciure de bois, de la pate et du papier
US5842150A (en) Method of determing the organic content in pulp and paper mill effulents
US5965888A (en) Prediction of the properties of board by using a spectroscopic method combined with multivariate calibration
US5638284A (en) Method of quantifying the wet strength of paper
US6606568B2 (en) Method for predicting dry mechanical properties from wet wood and standing trees
Yao et al. Determination of lignin content in Acacia spp. using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Hein et al. Robustness of models based on near infrared spectra to predict the basic density in Eucalyptus urophylla wood
Gherardi Hein et al. Effects of sample preparation on NIR spectroscopic estimation of chemical properties of Eucalyptus urophylla ST Blake wood
Fardim et al. Multivariate calibration for quantitative analysis of eucalypt kraft pulp by NIR spectrometry
Karlinasari et al. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for estimating the chemical composition of (Acacia mangium Willd.) wood
Pope Near-infrared spectroscopy of wood products
Kothiyal et al. Multi-species NIR calibration for estimating holocellulose in plantation timber
Brink et al. On-line predictions of the aspen fibre and birch bark content in unbleached hardwood pulp, using NIR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis
EP1279026B1 (fr) Procede lie a la production de pate a papier, de papier ou de carton
Zhou et al. Rapid determination of cellulose content in pulp using near infrared modeling technique
Cozzolino et al. The use of visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to predict fibre diameter in both clean and greasy wool samples
AU771753B2 (en) Method for identifying properties of wood by infra-red or visible light
Ruiz et al. Estimating density and pulping yield of E. globulus wood: comparison of near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR)
Çeliktaş et al. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and multivariate analyses for fast and non-destructive prediction of corn seed germination
Jonsson et al. Strategies for implementation and validation of on‐line models for multivariate monitoring and control of wood chip properties
Freer et al. Estimating the density and pulping yield of E. globulus wood by DRIFT-MIR spectroscopy and principal components regression (PCR)
Hames High‐Throughput NIR Analysis of Biomass Pretreatment Streams
So et al. NIR
FIŠEROVÁ et al. Non-destructive analysis of kraft pulp by NIR spectroscopy

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19960219

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB SE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: BESTWOOD AB

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SJOEBERG, KJELL

Inventor name: BJOERKLUND, CHRISTER

Inventor name: KARLSSON, MIKAEL

Inventor name: OLSSON, RALF

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20020422

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20021105