EP0719997A1 - Room saving heat exchanger for three media - Google Patents

Room saving heat exchanger for three media Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0719997A1
EP0719997A1 EP95120016A EP95120016A EP0719997A1 EP 0719997 A1 EP0719997 A1 EP 0719997A1 EP 95120016 A EP95120016 A EP 95120016A EP 95120016 A EP95120016 A EP 95120016A EP 0719997 A1 EP0719997 A1 EP 0719997A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
series
pockets
heat exchanger
heat
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95120016A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0719997B1 (en
Inventor
Didier Loup
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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Valeo Climatisation SA
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Publication of EP0719997A1 publication Critical patent/EP0719997A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0085—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0096—Radiators for space heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a triple heat exchanger for the exchange of heat between a first fluid in the gaseous state and second and third fluids circulating in separate circuits, having a series of flat-shaped intervals stacked in a direction d stack alternately with a first series of flat pockets and a second series of flat pockets in which the second and third fluids circulate respectively, one pocket of each series being arranged between two consecutive intervals and each pocket being separated by at least one interval adjacent by a heat conducting wall suitable for being swept by a current of the first fluid flowing in said interval.
  • Such a heat exchanger is described in EP-A-0431917.
  • This known heat exchanger acts as a radiator for cooling the thermal engine driving a motor vehicle, and as a condenser for an air conditioning circuit in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • the first fluid is then atmospheric air, the second fluid the engine cooling fluid and the third fluid the refrigerant of the air conditioning circuit.
  • the two pockets arranged between two consecutive intervals are juxtaposed and each extend over a fraction of the area of the stack. They are at a certain distance from each other and each of them is adjacent to the two consecutive intervals.
  • the total size of this exchanger in the direction of juxtaposition of the pockets corresponds to the sum of the dimensions of a separate radiator and condenser which would perform the same functions as it, and an additional size corresponding to the distance between the two juxtaposed pockets.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy this drawback, and to provide a triple heat exchanger having a reduced size compared to all of the two exchangers which it replaces.
  • Another object is to allow, in addition to the direct heat exchange between the first fluid and each of the second and third fluids, a direct exchange between the second and third fluids.
  • the direct heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid of the heating radiator and the refrigerant fluid of the evaporator promotes heat transfer towards the latter fluid and therefore its complete evaporation.
  • the invention relates in particular to a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that the two pockets disposed between two consecutive intervals are superimposed in the stacking direction and each extend, and are in direct mutual thermal contact, substantially on the entire area of the stack.
  • the size of the heat exchanger in the direction of the width of the pockets is thus reduced to that of a simple exchanger with two fluids. This reduction is obtained at the cost of an increase in size in the stacking direction, this increase being limited to the sum of the thicknesses of the sleeves of a series. Overall, this results in a reduction in bulk in volume.
  • the direct heat exchange between the second and third fluids is provided by the surface contact between the pockets of the two series.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a heat exchanger as defined above, in which the first, second and third fluids are respectively air intended to be sent into the passenger compartment of a vehicle, a coolant capable of passing from the liquid state to the gaseous state in the exchanger by absorbing heat, and a hot fluid capable of giving off heat to the other two fluids.
  • the illustrated heat exchanger comprises a series of pockets 1 and a series of pockets 2 stacked alternately from left to right in FIG. 1 over a height H measured from top to bottom in FIG. 1.
  • the pockets have a substantially constant thickness e and are limited by substantially planar and vertical faces, the side facing to the right of a pocket 1 being in direct contact with the side facing left of the following pocket 2, and the side facing to the right of a pocket 2 being separated from the side turned to the left of the next pocket 1 by an interval 3.
  • Each of the intervals 3 is lined with a thin corrugated plate 4 conductive of heat, the crests of which are in alternately contact with the two sides of the pockets limiting the interval.
  • air can circulate in the intervals 3, inside the horizontal channels delimited by the corrugations of the plates 4, to exchange heat, through these plates and the walls of the pockets, with fluids which circulate in the latter as explained below.
  • All the pockets 1 and 2 are identical, each consisting of two sheet plates 5 and 6 also identical. These two plates are stamped in the form of bowls and are joined together in a sealed manner over their entire substantially rectangular outline to define a closed interior volume.
  • the lower side of the pockets 1 is located at the lower limit of the height H, and these same pockets protrude upwards beyond the upper limit of this height.
  • the depth of the bowls formed by the plates 5 and 6 is increased, compared to the constant shallow depth which they present over the height H, so that the flat bottom 7 of the bowl 5 , convex to the left, of a pocket 1 comes to rest on the flat bottom 8 of the plate 6, convex to the right, of the pocket 1 located to the left of the previous one.
  • each pocket is thus equal in this region to the pitch of the alternate stack, over the height H, of the intervals 3 and of the two series of pockets.
  • the upper side of the pockets 2 is located at the upper limit of the height H, and these pockets extend downwards beyond the lower limit of the height H, thickening and coming in mutual contact by flat bottoms 7 and 8 facing respectively to the left and to the right.
  • each pocket is also joined in a sealed manner in a central zone 9 relative to the width of the pockets, extending continuously from the end edge 14 thereof situated above or below the height H up to a certain distance from the opposite edge 15.
  • the interior volume of each pocket therefore has a U-shaped configuration, the ends of the two arms 10 and 11 of which are located in the thickened region of the pocket, each flat bottoms 7, 8 being separated into two parts 7a and 7b, 8a and 8b, by the connection zone 9.
  • Each of the parts 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b is pierced with an opening 12.
  • the openings 12 of two parts of adjacent bottoms ensure communication between the thickened ends of the branches of the U-shaped paths of two neighboring pockets of the same series.
  • the thickened ends 13a of the arms 10 constitute inlet chambers for the fluid in each pocket and are interconnected by the corresponding openings 12 to form an inlet pipe.
  • the ends 13b thickened branches 11 constitute the fluid outlet chambers of each pocket and are joined together by the corresponding openings 12 to form an outlet pipe.
  • the fluid circulates in parallel, in the U-shaped paths of the different pockets of the same series, between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.
  • the bottom part 7a or 7b and the mutually adjacent bottom part 8a or 8b of two neighboring pockets are tightly connected around their openings 12.
  • One of the two openings 12 located at the ends of each pipe d 'inlet or outlet is connected to an inlet or outlet manifold of the exchanger not shown, the other opening being closed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The heat exchanger, e.g. for a vehicle passenger compartment air-conditioning system to exchange heat between a gas and two fluids passing round separate circuits, has a series of flat spaces (3) which alternate with a first and second series (1,2) of flat chambers, separated by heat-conducting walls (4,5). The two flat chambers between each pair of spaces are in direct thermal contact for virtually the whole of their surfaces, and the width of the spaces is determined by thin, corrugated heat-conducting panels (4) inside them. Each of the flat chambers is formed from two pressed sheet metal walls with facing cavities, sealed together round their edges. They can also be joined in an intermediate zone extending for part of their length.

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur triple pour l'échange de chaleur entre un premier fluide à l'état gazeux et des second et troisième fluides circulant dans des circuits séparés, présentant une série d'intervalles de forme plate empilés dans une direction d'empilement en alternance avec une première série de pochettes plates et une seconde série de pochettes plates dans lesquelles circulent respectivement les second et troisième fluides, une pochette de chaque série étant disposée entre deux intervalles consécutifs et chaque pochette étant séparée d'au moins un intervalle adjacent par une paroi conductrice de la chaleur propre à être balayée par un courant du premier fluide s'écoulant dans ledit intervalle.The invention relates to a triple heat exchanger for the exchange of heat between a first fluid in the gaseous state and second and third fluids circulating in separate circuits, having a series of flat-shaped intervals stacked in a direction d stack alternately with a first series of flat pockets and a second series of flat pockets in which the second and third fluids circulate respectively, one pocket of each series being arranged between two consecutive intervals and each pocket being separated by at least one interval adjacent by a heat conducting wall suitable for being swept by a current of the first fluid flowing in said interval.

Un tel échangeur de chaleur est décrit dans EP-A-0431917. Cet échangeur de chaleur connu joue le rôle de radiateur pour le refroidissement du moteur thermique d'entraînement d'un véhicule automobile, et de condenseur d'un circuit de climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule. Le premier fluide est alors l'air atmosphérique, le second fluide le fluide de refroidissement du moteur et le troisième fluide le fluide réfrigérant du circuit de climatisation. Les deux pochettes disposées entre deux intervalles consécutifs sont juxtaposés et s'étendent chacune sur une fraction de la superficie de l'empilement. Elles sont à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre et chacune d'elles est adjacente aux deux intervalles consécutifs. L'encombrement total de cet échangeur dans la direction de juxtaposition des pochettes correspond à la somme des encombrements d'un radiateur et d'un condenseur séparés qui exerceraient les mêmes fonctions que lui, et d'un encombrement supplémentaire correspondant à la distance entre les deux pochettes juxtaposées.Such a heat exchanger is described in EP-A-0431917. This known heat exchanger acts as a radiator for cooling the thermal engine driving a motor vehicle, and as a condenser for an air conditioning circuit in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The first fluid is then atmospheric air, the second fluid the engine cooling fluid and the third fluid the refrigerant of the air conditioning circuit. The two pockets arranged between two consecutive intervals are juxtaposed and each extend over a fraction of the area of the stack. They are at a certain distance from each other and each of them is adjacent to the two consecutive intervals. The total size of this exchanger in the direction of juxtaposition of the pockets corresponds to the sum of the dimensions of a separate radiator and condenser which would perform the same functions as it, and an additional size corresponding to the distance between the two juxtaposed pockets.

Dans les dispositifs de climatisation de l'habitacle des véhicules, il est courant de disposer en série dans le trajet de l'air à traiter un évaporateur appartenant au circuit de fluide réfrigérant, destiné à refroidir cet air, et un radiateur pour le chauffage de l'air. L'espace disponible pour les dispositifs de climatisation étant généralement chichement mesuré, il est tentant, pour gagner de la place, de remplacer ces deux échangeurs de chaleur par un échangeur unique remplissant les deux fonctions. Cependant, un tel gain de place ne serait pas obtenu avec la solution selon le document antérieur, pour les raisons exposées plus haut.In air conditioning systems for vehicles, it is common to have an evaporator belonging to the circuit in series in the path of the air to be treated. refrigerant, intended to cool this air, and a radiator for heating the air. The space available for air conditioning devices is generally poorly measured, it is tempting, to save space, to replace these two heat exchangers by a single exchanger fulfilling the two functions. However, such a space saving would not be obtained with the solution according to the previous document, for the reasons explained above.

Le but de l'invention est de remédier à cet inconvénient, et de fournir un échangeur de chaleur triple ayant un encombrement réduit par rapport à l'ensemble des deux échangeurs qu'il remplace.The object of the invention is to remedy this drawback, and to provide a triple heat exchanger having a reduced size compared to all of the two exchangers which it replaces.

Un autre but est de permettre, outre l'échange de chaleur direct entre le premier fluide et chacun des second et troisième fluides, un échange direct entre les second et troisième fluides. Dans l'exemple précité d'un échangeur de chaleur jouant le rôle de radiateur de chauffage et d'évaporateur, l'échange de chaleur direct entre le fluide caloporteur du radiateur de chauffage et le fluide réfrigérant de l'évaporateur favorise le transfert de chaleur vers ce dernier fluide et par conséquent son évaporation complète.Another object is to allow, in addition to the direct heat exchange between the first fluid and each of the second and third fluids, a direct exchange between the second and third fluids. In the aforementioned example of a heat exchanger playing the role of heating radiator and evaporator, the direct heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid of the heating radiator and the refrigerant fluid of the evaporator promotes heat transfer towards the latter fluid and therefore its complete evaporation.

L'invention vise notamment un échangeur de chaleur du genre défini en introduction, et prévoit que les deux pochettes disposées entre deux intervalles consécutifs sont superposées dans la direction d'empilement et s'étendent chacune, et sont en contact thermique mutuel direct, sensiblement sur toute la superficie de l'empilement.The invention relates in particular to a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that the two pockets disposed between two consecutive intervals are superimposed in the stacking direction and each extend, and are in direct mutual thermal contact, substantially on the entire area of the stack.

L'encombrement de l'échangeur de chaleur dans la direction de la largeur des pochettes est ainsi réduit à celui d'un échangeur simple à deux fluides. Cette réduction est obtenue au prix d'une augmentation de l'encombrement dans la direction d'empilement, cette augmentation étant limitée à la somme des épaisseurs des pochettes d'une série. Il en résulte globalement une diminution de l'encombrement en volume. De plus, l'échange de chaleur direct entre les second et troisième fluides est assuré par le contact superficiel entre les pochettes des deux séries.The size of the heat exchanger in the direction of the width of the pockets is thus reduced to that of a simple exchanger with two fluids. This reduction is obtained at the cost of an increase in size in the stacking direction, this increase being limited to the sum of the thicknesses of the sleeves of a series. Overall, this results in a reduction in bulk in volume. In addition, the direct heat exchange between the second and third fluids is provided by the surface contact between the pockets of the two series.

Des caractéristiques optionnelles de l'invention, complémentaires ou alternatives, sont énoncées ci-après :

  • L'épaisseur de chaque intervalle est définie par une plaque mince ondulée conductrice de la chaleur, dont les crêtes sont en contact alternativement avec les deux parois limitant cet intervalle, qui sert d'entretoise entre les deux pochettes correspondantes et participe à l'échange de chaleur entre les trois fluides.
  • Chaque pochette est formée de deux plaques de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes plates, dont les concavités sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et qui sont mutuellement reliées de façon étanche à leur périphérie.
  • Les deux plaques de tôle sont en outre reliées de façon étanche en une zone médiane de leur largeur et sur une fraction notable de leur longueur à partir d'une première extrémité de celle-ci de façon à définir pour le fluide circulant dans la pochette un trajet en U dont les deux branches s'étendent de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane.
  • La profondeur de la cuvette formée par chaque plaque est augmentée dans une région adjacente à ladite première extrémité, de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane, pour former une chambre d'entrée du fluide dans la pochette et une chambre de sortie du fluide de la pochette, les couples chambre d'entrée-chambre de sortie d'une même série de pochettes étant alignés dans ladite direction, sur un côté de l'empilement, le fond d'une cuvette dans ladite région étant en contact étanche avec le fond d'une cuvette formée par une pochette voisine de la même série, autour d'une ouverture ménagée dans chacun de ces deux fonds, pour permettre le passage du fluide, de façon étanche vis-a-vis de l'extérieur des pochettes, de l'une à l'autre des chambres d'entrée et/ou de sortie définies par les deux cuvettes.
  • Les chambres d'entrée et les chambres de sortie d'une série de pochettes d'une part, les chambres d'entrée et les chambres de sortie de l'autre série de pochettes d'autre part, sont alignées sur deux côtés opposés de l'empilement.
  • Les pochettes d'une série au moins s'interrompent à distance des chambres d'entrée et de sortie de l'autre série, du côté de l'empilement où se trouvent ces chambres, de façon à définir au moins une zone latérale de l'empilement dans laquelle le premier fluide échange de la chaleur avec un seul des second et troisième fluides. Dans un dispositif de climatisation, l'air ayant traversé une telle zone latérale peut être envoyé dans une partie de l'habitacle où on désire de l'air plus chaud ou plus froid que dans les autres parties. Le cas échéant, une zone d'air chaud et une zone d'air froid peuvent être prévues de part et d'autre de l'empilement.
  • Les chambres d'entrée d'une part et les chambres de sortie d'autre part d'une même série de pochettes sont mutuellement alignées pour former une conduite d'entrée et une conduite de sortie respectivement, les trajets en U définis par lesdites pochettes étant disposés en parallèle entre les conduites d'entrée et de sortie.
Optional, complementary or alternative features of the invention are set out below:
  • The thickness of each interval is defined by a thin corrugated heat conducting plate, the crests of which are in contact alternately with the two walls limiting this interval, which serves as a spacer between the two corresponding pockets and participates in the exchange of heat between the three fluids.
  • Each pocket is formed by two pressed sheet metal plates in the form of flat bowls, the concavities of which are turned towards one another and which are mutually tightly connected at their periphery.
  • The two sheet plates are also tightly connected in a central region of their width and over a substantial fraction of their length from a first end thereof so as to define for the fluid circulating in the pocket a U-shaped path, the two branches of which extend on either side of said median zone.
  • The depth of the bowl formed by each plate is increased in a region adjacent to said first end, on either side of said central zone, to form a fluid inlet chamber in the pouch and a fluid outlet chamber of the pouch, the pairs inlet chamber-outlet chamber of the same series of pouches being aligned in said direction, on one side of the stack, the bottom of a bowl in said region being in sealed contact with the bottom of a bowl formed by a neighboring pocket of the same series, around an opening made in each of these two bottoms, to allow the passage of the fluid, in a sealed manner vis-à-vis the outside pockets, from one to the other of the inlet and / or outlet chambers defined by the two bowls.
  • The inlet chambers and the outlet chambers of one series of sleeves on the one hand, the inlet chambers and outlet chambers of the other series of sleeves on the other hand, are aligned on two opposite sides of stacking.
  • The pockets of at least one series are interrupted at a distance from the inlet and outlet chambers of the other series, on the side of the stack where these chambers are located, so as to define at least one lateral zone of the stack in which the first fluid exchanges heat with only one of the second and third fluids. In an air conditioning system, the air having passed through such a lateral zone can be sent to a part of the passenger compartment where one wants air hotter or colder than in the other parts. If necessary, a hot air zone and a cold air zone can be provided on either side of the stack.
  • The inlet chambers on the one hand and the outlet chambers on the other hand of the same series of pockets are mutually aligned to form an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe respectively, the U-shaped paths defined by said pockets being arranged in parallel between the inlet and outlet pipes.

L'invention a également pour objet une utilisation d'un échangeur de chaleur tel que défini ci-dessus, dans laquelle les premier, second et troisième fluides sont respectivement de l'air destiné à être envoyé dans l'habitacle d'un véhicule, un fluide réfrigérant propre à passer de l'état liquide à l'état gazeux dans l'échangeur en absorbant de la chaleur, et un fluide chaud propre à céder de la chaleur aux deux autres fluides.The invention also relates to the use of a heat exchanger as defined above, in which the first, second and third fluids are respectively air intended to be sent into the passenger compartment of a vehicle, a coolant capable of passing from the liquid state to the gaseous state in the exchanger by absorbing heat, and a hot fluid capable of giving off heat to the other two fluids.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront exposés plus en détail dans la description ci-après, en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de côté de l'empilement d'intervalles et de pochettes d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail in the description below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the stack of intervals and pockets of a heat exchanger according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1; and
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view along the line III-III of FIG. 2.

L'échangeur de chaleur illustré comprend une série de pochettes 1 et une série de pochettes 2 empilées en alternance de la gauche vers la droite de la figure 1 sur une hauteur H mesurée de haut en bas de la figure 1. Sur cette hauteur, les pochettes présentent une épaisseur sensiblement constante e et sont limitées par des faces sensiblement planes et verticales, la face tournée vers la droite d'une pochette 1 étant en contact direct avec la face tournée vers la gauche de la pochette 2 suivante, et la face tournée vers la droite d'une pochette 2 étant séparée de la face tournée vers la gauche de la pochette 1 suivante par un intervalle 3. Chacun des intervalles 3 est garni d'une plaque mince ondulée 4 conductrice de la chaleur, dont les crêtes sont en contact alternativement avec les deux faces des pochettes limitant l'intervalle. De façon connue, de l'air peut circuler dans les intervalles 3, à l'intérieur des canaux horizontaux délimités par les ondulations des plaques 4, pour échanger de la chaleur, à travers ces plaques et les parois des pochettes, avec des fluides qui circulent dans ces dernières comme exposé plus loin.The illustrated heat exchanger comprises a series of pockets 1 and a series of pockets 2 stacked alternately from left to right in FIG. 1 over a height H measured from top to bottom in FIG. 1. On this height, the pockets have a substantially constant thickness e and are limited by substantially planar and vertical faces, the side facing to the right of a pocket 1 being in direct contact with the side facing left of the following pocket 2, and the side facing to the right of a pocket 2 being separated from the side turned to the left of the next pocket 1 by an interval 3. Each of the intervals 3 is lined with a thin corrugated plate 4 conductive of heat, the crests of which are in alternately contact with the two sides of the pockets limiting the interval. In known manner, air can circulate in the intervals 3, inside the horizontal channels delimited by the corrugations of the plates 4, to exchange heat, through these plates and the walls of the pockets, with fluids which circulate in the latter as explained below.

Toutes les pochettes 1 et 2 sont identiques, chacune étant constituée par deux plaques de tôle 5 et 6 également identiques. Ces deux plaques sont embouties en forme de cuvettes et sont réunies entre elles de façon étanche sur tout leur contour sensiblement rectangulaire pour définir un volume intérieur fermé. Le côté inférieur des pochettes 1 se situe à la limite inférieure de la hauteur H, et ces mêmes pochettes font saillie vers le haut au-delà de la limite supérieure de cette hauteur. Dans la région surplombant ainsi la hauteur H, la profondeur des cuvettes formées par les plaques 5 et 6 est augmentée, par rapport à la faible profondeur constante qu'elles présentent sur la hauteur H, de façon que le fond plat 7 de la cuvette 5, convexe vers la gauche, d'une pochette 1 vienne s'appuyer sur le fond plat 8 de la plaque 6, convexe vers la droite, de la pochette 1 située à gauche de la précédente. L'épaisseur de chaque pochette est ainsi égale dans cette région au pas de l'empilement alterné, sur la hauteur H, des intervalles 3 et des deux séries de pochettes. De la même façon, le côté supérieur des pochettes 2 est situé à la limite supérieure de la hauteur H, et ces pochettes s'étendent vers le bas au-delà de la limite inférieure de la hauteur H, en s'épaississant et en venant en contact mutuel par des fonds plats 7 et 8 tournés respectivement vers la gauche et vers la droite.All the pockets 1 and 2 are identical, each consisting of two sheet plates 5 and 6 also identical. These two plates are stamped in the form of bowls and are joined together in a sealed manner over their entire substantially rectangular outline to define a closed interior volume. The lower side of the pockets 1 is located at the lower limit of the height H, and these same pockets protrude upwards beyond the upper limit of this height. In the region thus overhanging the height H, the depth of the bowls formed by the plates 5 and 6 is increased, compared to the constant shallow depth which they present over the height H, so that the flat bottom 7 of the bowl 5 , convex to the left, of a pocket 1 comes to rest on the flat bottom 8 of the plate 6, convex to the right, of the pocket 1 located to the left of the previous one. The thickness of each pocket is thus equal in this region to the pitch of the alternate stack, over the height H, of the intervals 3 and of the two series of pockets. Likewise, the upper side of the pockets 2 is located at the upper limit of the height H, and these pockets extend downwards beyond the lower limit of the height H, thickening and coming in mutual contact by flat bottoms 7 and 8 facing respectively to the left and to the right.

Les plaques 5 et 6 de chaque pochette sont en outre réunies de façon étanche en une zone 9 médiane par rapport à la largeur des pochettes, s'étendant de façon continue depuis le bord d'extrémité 14 de celle-ci située au-dessus ou au-dessous de la hauteur H jusqu'à une certaine distance du bord opposé 15. Le volume intérieur de chaque pochette présente donc une configuration en U dont les extrémités des deux branches 10 et 11 sont situées dans la région épaissie de la pochette, chacun des fonds plats 7, 8 étant séparé en deux parties 7a et 7b, 8a et 8b, par la zone de liaison 9. Chacune des parties 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b est percée d'une ouverture 12. Les ouvertures 12 de deux parties de fond adjacentes assurent une communication entre les extrémités épaissies des branches des trajets en U de deux pochettes voisines de la même série. Les extrémités épaissies 13a des branches 10 constituent des chambres d'entrée du fluide dans chaque pochette et sont reliées entre elles par les ouvertures 12 correspondantes pour former une conduite d'entrée. De même, les extrémités épaissies 13b des branches 11 constituent des chambres de sortie du fluide de chaque pochette et sont réunies entre elles, par les ouvertures 12 correspondantes, pour former une conduite de sortie. Le fluide circule en parallèle, dans les trajets en U des différentes pochettes de la même série, entre la conduite d'entrée et la conduite de sortie. Bien entendu, la partie de fond 7a ou 7b et la partie de fond 8a ou 8b mutuellement adjacente de deux pochettes voisines sont reliées de façon étanche, autour de leurs ouvertures 12. L'une des deux ouvertures 12 situées aux extrémités de chaque conduite d'entrée ou de sortie est raccordée à une tubulure d'entrée ou de sortie de l'échangeur non représentée, l'autre ouverture étant obturée.The plates 5 and 6 of each pocket are also joined in a sealed manner in a central zone 9 relative to the width of the pockets, extending continuously from the end edge 14 thereof situated above or below the height H up to a certain distance from the opposite edge 15. The interior volume of each pocket therefore has a U-shaped configuration, the ends of the two arms 10 and 11 of which are located in the thickened region of the pocket, each flat bottoms 7, 8 being separated into two parts 7a and 7b, 8a and 8b, by the connection zone 9. Each of the parts 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b is pierced with an opening 12. The openings 12 of two parts of adjacent bottoms ensure communication between the thickened ends of the branches of the U-shaped paths of two neighboring pockets of the same series. The thickened ends 13a of the arms 10 constitute inlet chambers for the fluid in each pocket and are interconnected by the corresponding openings 12 to form an inlet pipe. Likewise, the ends 13b thickened branches 11 constitute the fluid outlet chambers of each pocket and are joined together by the corresponding openings 12 to form an outlet pipe. The fluid circulates in parallel, in the U-shaped paths of the different pockets of the same series, between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. Of course, the bottom part 7a or 7b and the mutually adjacent bottom part 8a or 8b of two neighboring pockets are tightly connected around their openings 12. One of the two openings 12 located at the ends of each pipe d 'inlet or outlet is connected to an inlet or outlet manifold of the exchanger not shown, the other opening being closed.

Claims (9)

Échangeur de chaleur triple pour l'échange de chaleur entre un premier fluide à l'état gazeux et des second et troisième fluides circulant dans des circuits séparés, présentant une série d'intervalles (3) de forme plate empilés dans une direction d'empilement en alternance avec une première série de pochettes plates (1) et une seconde série de pochettes plates (2) dans lesquelles circulent respectivement les second et troisième fluides, une pochette de chaque série étant disposée entre deux intervalles consécutifs et chaque pochette étant séparée d'au moins un intervalle adjacent par une paroi (5, 6) conductrice de la chaleur propre à être balayée par un courant du premier fluide s'écoulant dans ledit intervalle, caractérisé en ce que les deux pochettes disposées entre deux intervalles consécutifs sont superposées dans la direction d'empilement et s'étendent chacune, et sont en contact thermique mutuel direct, sensiblement sur toute la superficie de l'empilement.Triple heat exchanger for heat exchange between a first fluid in the gaseous state and second and third fluids circulating in separate circuits, having a series of flat-shaped intervals (3) stacked in a stacking direction alternating with a first series of flat pockets (1) and a second series of flat pockets (2) in which the second and third fluids circulate respectively, a pocket of each series being arranged between two consecutive intervals and each pocket being separated from at least one interval adjacent by a wall (5, 6) conductive of heat suitable for being swept by a current of the first fluid flowing in said interval, characterized in that the two pockets arranged between two consecutive intervals are superimposed in the stacking direction and each extend, and are in direct mutual thermal contact, substantially over the entire surface of the stack ilement. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de chaque intervalle est définie par une plaque mince ondulée (4) conductrice de la chaleur, dont les crêtes sont en contact alternativement avec les deux parois limitant cet intervalle, qui sert d'entretoise entre les deux pochettes correspondantes et participe à l'échange de chaleur entre les trois fluides.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of each interval is defined by a thin corrugated plate (4) conducting the heat, the crests of which are in alternating contact with the two walls limiting this interval, which serves spacer between the two corresponding pockets and participates in the heat exchange between the three fluids. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque pochette est formée de deux plaques (5, 6) de tôle embouties en forme de cuvettes plates, dont les concavités sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et qui sont mutuellement reliées de façon étanche à leur périphérie.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each pocket is formed by two plates (5, 6) of pressed sheet metal in the form of flat bowls, the concavities of which face each other and which are mutually connected in a sealed manner at their periphery. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux plaques de tôle sont en outre reliées de façon étanche en une zone médiane (9) de leur largeur et sur une fraction notable de leur longueur à partir d'une première extrémité (14) de celle-ci de façon à définir pour le fluide circulant dans la pochette un trajet en U dont les deux branches (10, 11) s'étendent de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane.Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the two sheet plates are also tightly connected in a central region (9) of their width and over a substantial fraction of their length from a first end ( 14) of it so as to define for the fluid circulating in the pouch a U-shaped path, the two branches (10, 11) of which extend on either side of said central zone. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur de la cuvette formée par chaque plaque est augmentée dans une région adjacente à ladite première extrémité, de part et d'autre de ladite zone médiane, pour former une chambre (13a) d'entrée du fluide dans la pochette et une chambre (13b) de sortie du fluide de la pochette, les couples chambre d'entrée-chambre de sortie d'une même série de pochettes étant alignés dans ladite direction, sur un côté de l'empilement, le fond (7) d'une cuvette (5) dans ladite région étant en contact étanche avec le fond (8) d'une cuvette (6) formée par une pochette voisine de la même série, autour d'une ouverture (12) ménagée dans chacun de ces deux fonds, pour permettre le passage du fluide, de façon étanche vis-à-vis de l'extérieur des pochettes, de l'une à l'autre des chambres d'entrée et/ou de sortie définies par les deux cuvettes.Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the depth of the bowl formed by each plate is increased in a region adjacent to said first end, on either side of said central zone, to form a chamber (13a) of fluid inlet into the pouch and a fluid outlet chamber (13b) of the pouch, the input chamber-outlet chamber pairs of the same series of pouches being aligned in said direction, on one side of the stack, the bottom (7) of a bowl (5) in said region being in sealed contact with the bottom (8) of a bowl (6) formed by a neighboring pocket of the same series, around an opening (12) formed in each of these two bottoms, to allow the passage of the fluid, in a sealed manner vis-à-vis the outside of the pockets, from one to the other of the inlet chambers and / or outlet defined by the two bowls. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les chambres d'entrée et les chambres de sortie d'une série de pochettes d'une part, les chambres d'entrée et les chambres de sortie de l'autre série de pochettes d'autre part, sont alignées sur deux côtés opposés de l'empilement.Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the inlet chambers and the outlet chambers of one series of sleeves on the one hand, the inlet chambers and outlet chambers of the other series of sleeves on the other hand, are aligned on two opposite sides of the stack. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les pochettes d'une série au moins s'interrompent à distance des chambres d'entrée et de sortie de l'autre série, du côté de l'empilement où se trouvent ces chambres, de façon à définir au moins une zone latérale de l'empilement dans laquelle le premier fluide échange de la chaleur avec un seul des second et troisième fluides.Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the pockets of at least one series are interrupted at a distance from the inlet and outlet chambers of the other series, on the side of the stack where these chambers are located , so as to define at least one lateral zone of the stack in which the first fluid exchanges heat with only one of the second and third fluids. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les chambres d'entrée d'une part et les chambres de sortie d'autre part d'une même série de pochettes sont mutuellement alignées pour former une conduite d'entrée et une conduite de sortie respectivement, les trajets en U définis par lesdites pochettes étant disposés en parallèle entre les conduites d'entrée et de sortie.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the inlet chambers on the one hand and the outlet chambers on the other hand from the same series of pockets are mutually aligned to form an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe respectively, the U-shaped paths defined by said pockets being arranged in parallel between the inlet and outlet pipes. Utilisation d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les premier, second et troisième fluides sont respectivement de l'air destiné à être envoyé dans l'habitacle d'un véhicule, un fluide réfrigérant propre à passer de l'état liquide à l'état gazeux dans l'échangeur en absorbant de la chaleur, et un fluide chaud propre à céder de la chaleur aux deux autres fluides.Use of a heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first, second and third fluids are respectively air intended to be sent into the passenger compartment of a vehicle, a coolant capable of passing from the liquid state in the gaseous state in the exchanger by absorbing heat, and a hot fluid capable of yielding heat to the other two fluids.
EP95120016A 1994-12-26 1995-12-19 Room saving heat exchanger for three media Expired - Lifetime EP0719997B1 (en)

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FR9415652 1994-12-26
FR9415652A FR2728666A1 (en) 1994-12-26 1994-12-26 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH THREE REDUCED BULK FLUIDS

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EP0719997B1 EP0719997B1 (en) 1998-11-11

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EP (1) EP0719997B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69505943T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2124957T3 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69505943T2 (en) 1999-04-15
US5884696A (en) 1999-03-23
ES2124957T3 (en) 1999-02-16
FR2728666A1 (en) 1996-06-28
FR2728666B1 (en) 1997-02-14
DE69505943D1 (en) 1998-12-17
EP0719997B1 (en) 1998-11-11

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