EP0701523B1 - Clog-resistant toggle disk closure - Google Patents

Clog-resistant toggle disk closure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0701523B1
EP0701523B1 EP94916739A EP94916739A EP0701523B1 EP 0701523 B1 EP0701523 B1 EP 0701523B1 EP 94916739 A EP94916739 A EP 94916739A EP 94916739 A EP94916739 A EP 94916739A EP 0701523 B1 EP0701523 B1 EP 0701523B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
toggle
clog
standpipe
discharge orifice
resistant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94916739A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0701523A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Stanley Dirksing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of EP0701523A1 publication Critical patent/EP0701523A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0701523B1 publication Critical patent/EP0701523B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/20—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge
    • B65D47/2006—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge formed by a rigid spout outlet opened by tilting of the spout outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D47/00—Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices
    • B65D47/04—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps
    • B65D47/06—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages
    • B65D47/08—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures
    • B65D47/0857—Closures with discharging devices other than pumps with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages having articulated or hinged closures made separately from the base element provided with the spout or discharge passage
    • B65D47/0876—Hinges without elastic bias
    • B65D47/089—Hinges without elastic bias located within a flat surface of the base element
    • B65D47/0895—Hinges without elastic bias located within a flat surface of the base element one part of the hinge being integral with the hinged closure and the other part with the base element, without any other additional hinge element

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a clog-resistant toggle disk closure used with resilient bottles for dispensing fluids such as viscous liquid products.
  • the clog resistant feature automatically clears residual product remaining in the closure's discharge orifice when the toggle disk closure is closed after dispensing said products.
  • Resilient containers are commonly used to package and dispense fluid products.
  • Products packaged in such containers include viscous liquid products such as skin care products, and hair care products.
  • Said resilient containers have closures for prevention of leakage and contamination of said products.
  • the most elementary closures known in the art require their complete removal from the container in order to dispense the product. This makes the containers less convenient to use and increases the chances of spilling and contaminating the product.
  • Captive closures not requiring removal for dispensing, offer obvious advantages over the remove-to-use closures mentioned above.
  • many of the captive closures known in the art require a twisting, pulling, or prying action to open and thus present some difficulty for the user, especially persons who have some manual impairment, e.g., arthritics.
  • Examples of such captive closures include twist-to-open closures disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,240,404, to Porter et al. issued March 15, 1966; push-pull closures disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,227,332, to Gowdy et al., issued September 27, 1993; hinged flip caps disclosed in 4,666,068, to Bush, issued May 19, 1987.
  • Toggle closures were developed to avoid the problems mentioned above. Such toggle closures feature a simple "push-to-open” and “push-to-close” action.
  • Toggle closures known in the art include those disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,516,581 to Micallef, issued 06/23/70; 4,487,342 to Shy, issued 12/11/84; 4,776,501 to Ostrowsky, issued 10/11/88; 4,838,460 to Moore et al., issued 06/13/89; and 4,962,869 to Gross et al.,issued 10/16/90, which discloses a closure according to the preamble of appended claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention to provide a clog-resistant toggle disk closure for a resilient container. Residual product left in the discharge is automatically removed when said toggle disk closure is moved from the open position to the closed position.
  • Said toggle disk closures of the present invention are reliable and do not sacrifice the actuation advantages toggle closures are known to have.
  • the clog-resistant toggle disk closure of the present invention comprises a cap element for sealingly engaging the discharge opening of a resilient container, and a toggle element having a clog-resistant means.
  • the cap element comprises a means for sealingly engaging the resilient container, a pivot support, a platform, a port in the platform, and a standpipe projecting upwards from the port forming a discharge channel for the product.
  • the standpipe is preferably at a right angle to the platform.
  • the cap element may additionally comprise features for improving the efficiency in container filling and capping operations.
  • the toggle element is interfitted and pivotally mounted to the cap element.
  • the toggle element comprises a spout in fluid communication with the standpipe via a discharge orifice in the toggle element.
  • the toggle element also comprises a clog-resistant means comprising a stem attached to the interior surface of the cap element's standpipe.
  • the stem is directed upward from the cap element's platform, preferably parallel to interior surface of the standpipe, extending out of the standpipe and in alignment with the discharge orifice where upon rotating the toggle element about the pivot, the discharge orifice is penetrated by the stem purging the discharge orifice of residual product.
  • the stem fits tightly within the discharge orifice to form an liquid-tight seal.
  • the stem may be integrally molded within the standpipe or attached to the interior surface of the standpipe.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a particularly preferred toggle disk closure 1 of the present invention in the open condition.
  • Toggle disk closure 1 comprises a cap member 10 and a toggle element 20.
  • Recess 11 in cap element 10 provides an opening for tab 21 of toggle element 20 when toggle element 20 is pivoted to the open position.
  • Spout 22 projects above the top surface of toggle element 20 and is generally concentric about discharge orifice 25.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of toggle disk closure 1 of FIG. 1.
  • Cap element 10 comprises helical screw thread 13 for sealingly engaging toggle disk closure 1 to a corresponding helical screw thread of a container (not shown).
  • Alternative means may be employed to sealingly attach toggle disk closure 1 to a container, e.g. a snap ring.
  • Cap element 10 further comprises standpipe 15 which extends upward from platform 14.
  • Port 18 is located in platform 14 and provides an opening for the fluid product in said container to enter standpipe 15.
  • a clog-resistant means comprising stem 17 is attached to the interior surface of said standpipe 15.
  • stem 17 is attached to the interior of the standpipe by a plurality of radial arms 16 which extend across the interior of standpipe 15.
  • stem 17 be located near the center of standpipe 15 and parallel to the walls of said standpipe.
  • Pivot support 19 of the cap element 10 extends upward from platform 14.
  • Pivot socket 26 at the upper end of pivot support 19 engages pivot 16 of toggle element 20.
  • Pivot 16 is preferably positioned on the lower surface of toggle element 20 at about its midpoint.
  • the combination of pivot socket 26 and pivot 16 provide means to pivot toggle element 20 relative to cap element 10.
  • toggle element 20 is rotated relative to cap element 10 such that spout 22 is disengaged from stem 17, thereby providing an open discharge orifice 25.
  • a seal ring 23 extends downward from the lower surface of toggle element 20 and sealingly engages the upper exterior portion of standpipe 15. With toggle disk closure 1 in its open condition, a flow channel is created from port 18, through standpipe 15, around stem 17, through seal ring 23 and out discharge orifice 25 thus permitting dispensing of fluid product through toggle disk closure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of toggle disk closure 1 in the closed condition.
  • the user applies force onto the upper surface of toggle element 20 on the side opposite tab 21 thereby rotating toggle element 20 about pivot 16 relative to cap element 10 so that stem 17 projects through discharge orifice 25 of spout 22. Any residual fluid product in discharge orifice 25 will be ejected by stem 17.
  • Seal ring 23 extends downward from toggle element 20 and is generally concentric about the upper exterior portion of the standpipe 15.
  • Plug seal 24 located at the base of discharge orifice 25 of toggle element 20 sealingly engages the upper inner portion of standpipe 15.
  • the combination of plug seal 24 sealingly engaging the upper end of standpipe 15 and stem 17 sealingly engaging the interior of spout 22 provides a fluid-tight shipping and storage seal for toggle disk closure 1 in the closed condition.
  • detent 27 on the outer surface of ring 28 of toggle element 20 engages lip 12 of recess 11.
  • the interference between detent 27 and lip 12 requires that a slight resilient deformation of ring 28 occur to permit detent 27 to disengage lip 12 in order to pivot toggle element 20 for opening.
  • the combination of detent 27 and lip 12 aid in preventing accidental opening.

Abstract

A toggle disk closure sealingly engaged onto a container finish having a cap element (10), toggle element (20) interfitted and pivotally mounted in the cap element, and a clog-resistant means. The cap element has a platform (14), a pivot socket (6), and a standpipe (15) projecting upwards from a port (18) in said platform. The toggle element has a pivot (16) which engages the complimentary pivot socket in the pivot support (19) of the cap element and a spout (22) which is in fluid communication with said standpipe by means of a discharge orifice (25) in toggle element. The clog-resistant means comprises a stem (17) attached to the interior of said standpipe and is directed upwards toward the discharge orifice. When the toggle element is closed, the steam penetrates the discharge orifice thereby purging the discharge opening of product thus eliminating clogging due to the presence of hardened material in said discharge orifice.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention is related to a clog-resistant toggle disk closure used with resilient bottles for dispensing fluids such as viscous liquid products. The clog resistant feature automatically clears residual product remaining in the closure's discharge orifice when the toggle disk closure is closed after dispensing said products.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Resilient containers are commonly used to package and dispense fluid products. Products packaged in such containers include viscous liquid products such as skin care products, and hair care products. Said resilient containers have closures for prevention of leakage and contamination of said products. The most elementary closures known in the art require their complete removal from the container in order to dispense the product. This makes the containers less convenient to use and increases the chances of spilling and contaminating the product.
Captive closures, not requiring removal for dispensing, offer obvious advantages over the remove-to-use closures mentioned above. However, many of the captive closures known in the art require a twisting, pulling, or prying action to open and thus present some difficulty for the user, especially persons who have some manual impairment, e.g., arthritics. Examples of such captive closures include twist-to-open closures disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,240,404, to Porter et al. issued March 15, 1966; push-pull closures disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,227,332, to Gowdy et al., issued September 27, 1993; hinged flip caps disclosed in 4,666,068, to Bush, issued May 19, 1987.
Toggle closures were developed to avoid the problems mentioned above. Such toggle closures feature a simple "push-to-open" and "push-to-close" action. Toggle closures known in the art include those disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,516,581 to Micallef, issued 06/23/70; 4,487,342 to Shy, issued 12/11/84; 4,776,501 to Ostrowsky, issued 10/11/88; 4,838,460 to Moore et al., issued 06/13/89; and 4,962,869 to Gross et al.,issued 10/16/90, which discloses a closure according to the preamble of appended claim 1. Despite the improvement over the prior closures discussed above, these toggle closures are prone to clogging when residual product inside the closure's product flow channel and discharge opening thickens or hardens. To avoid the potential for clogging, the user must conscientiously remove the residual product from the discharge opening and flow channel after each use.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to provide a clog-resistant toggle disk closure for a resilient container. Residual product left in the discharge is automatically
removed when said toggle disk closure is moved from the open position to the closed position. Said toggle disk closures of the present invention are reliable and do not sacrifice the actuation advantages toggle closures are known to have.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The clog-resistant toggle disk closure of the present invention comprises a cap element for sealingly engaging the discharge opening of a resilient container, and a toggle element having a clog-resistant means.
The cap element comprises a means for sealingly engaging the resilient container, a pivot support, a platform, a port in the platform, and a standpipe projecting upwards from the port forming a discharge channel for the product. The standpipe is preferably at a right angle to the platform. The cap element may additionally comprise features for improving the efficiency in container filling and capping operations.
The toggle element is interfitted and pivotally mounted to the cap element. The toggle element comprises a spout in fluid communication with the standpipe via a discharge orifice in the toggle element. The toggle element also comprises a clog-resistant means comprising a stem attached to the interior surface of the cap element's standpipe. The stem is directed upward from the cap element's platform, preferably parallel to interior surface of the standpipe, extending out of the standpipe and in alignment with the discharge orifice where upon rotating the toggle element about the pivot, the discharge orifice is penetrated by the stem purging the discharge orifice of residual product. In addition to purging the
discharge orifice, the stem fits tightly within the discharge orifice to form an liquid-tight seal. The stem may be integrally molded within the standpipe or attached to the interior surface of the standpipe.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the present invention, it is believed the present invention will be better understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a two piece toggle disk closure of the present invention in the open position;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the toggle disk closure taken along the section line 2-2 in FIG. 1; and
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing the toggle element in the closed position.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    In FIG. 1 there is shown a particularly preferred toggle disk closure 1 of the present invention in the open condition. Toggle disk closure 1 comprises a cap member 10 and a toggle element 20. Recess 11 in cap element 10 provides an opening for tab 21 of toggle element 20 when toggle element 20 is pivoted to the open position. Spout 22 projects above the top surface of toggle element 20 and is generally concentric about discharge orifice 25.
    FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of toggle disk closure 1 of FIG. 1. Cap element 10 comprises helical screw thread 13 for sealingly engaging toggle disk closure 1 to a corresponding helical screw thread of a container (not shown). Alternative means may be employed to sealingly attach toggle disk closure 1 to a container, e.g. a snap ring. Cap element 10 further comprises standpipe 15 which extends upward from platform 14. Port 18 is located in platform 14 and provides an opening for the fluid product in said container to enter standpipe 15. A clog-resistant means comprising stem 17 is attached to the interior surface of said standpipe 15. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, stem 17 is attached to the interior of the standpipe by a plurality of radial arms 16 which extend across the interior of standpipe 15. It is further preferred that stem 17 be located near the center of standpipe 15 and parallel to the walls of said standpipe. Pivot support 19 of the cap element 10 extends upward from platform 14. Pivot socket 26 at the upper end of pivot support 19 engages pivot 16 of toggle element 20. Pivot 16 is preferably positioned on the lower surface of toggle element 20 at about its midpoint. The combination of pivot socket 26 and pivot 16 provide means to pivot toggle element 20 relative to cap element 10. In the open condition, toggle element 20 is rotated relative to cap element 10 such that spout 22 is disengaged from stem 17, thereby providing an open discharge orifice 25. A seal ring 23 extends downward from the lower surface of toggle element 20 and sealingly engages the upper exterior portion of standpipe 15. With toggle disk closure 1 in its open condition, a flow channel is created from port 18, through standpipe 15, around stem 17, through seal ring 23 and out discharge orifice 25 thus permitting dispensing of fluid product through toggle disk closure 1.
    FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of toggle disk closure 1 in the closed condition. To close toggle disk closure 1, the user applies force onto the upper surface of toggle element 20 on the side opposite tab 21 thereby rotating toggle element 20 about pivot 16 relative to cap element 10 so that stem 17 projects through discharge orifice 25 of spout 22. Any residual fluid product in discharge orifice 25 will be ejected by stem 17. Seal ring 23 extends downward from toggle element 20 and is generally concentric about the upper exterior portion of the standpipe 15. Plug seal 24 located at the base of discharge orifice 25 of toggle element 20 sealingly engages the upper inner portion of standpipe 15. The combination of plug seal 24 sealingly engaging the upper end of standpipe 15 and stem 17 sealingly engaging the interior of spout 22 provides a fluid-tight shipping and storage seal for toggle disk closure 1 in the closed condition.
    In the closed condition, detent 27 on the outer surface of ring 28 of toggle element 20 engages lip 12 of recess 11. The interference between detent 27 and lip 12 requires that a slight resilient deformation of ring 28 occur to permit detent 27 to disengage lip 12 in order to pivot toggle element 20 for opening. The combination of detent 27 and lip 12 aid in preventing accidental opening.
    While a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated and described, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

    Claims (9)

    1. A clog-resistant toggle disk closure (1) comprising:
      a cap element (10) comprising a means (13) for sealingly engaging a resilient container, a generally horizontal platform (14) at its upper end, a pivot support (19) including a pivot socket (26) attached to said platform, a port (18) in said platform and in fluid communication with said container, and a standpipe (15) projecting upwards from said port;
      and wherein a toggle element (20) is pivotally mounted to said cap element (10) by means of a pivot (16) engaging said pivot socket (26) and includes a discharge orifice (25) in fluid communication with said standpipe (15),
      characterized in that the standpipe includes an upwardly extending stem (17) and in that the discharge orifice (25) extends through the top surface of the toggle element, said stem (17) cooperating with the discharge orifice (22) such that rotation of the toggle element (20) about the pivot (16) to the closed position causes the stem (17) to penetrate and seal the discharge orifice (25), thereby purging the discharge orifice (25) of residual product and sealing the discharge orifice (25).
    2. A clog-resistant toggle disk closure according to claim 1, characterized by a sealing ring (23) extending downwardly from the lower surface of the toggle element (20), the sealing ring surrounding and sealingly engaging the upper exterior portion of the standpipe (15).
    3. A clog-resistant closure according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said stem (17) is attached to the interior of said standpipe (15) by a plurality of radial arms converging and attached to said stem (17) at about the center of said standpipe (15).
    4. A clog-resistant closure according to claim 3, characterized in that said radial arms are integrally molded and arranged in a planar orientation in the upper half portion of said standpipe (15).
    5. A clog-resistant closure according to any one of the above claims further characterized by a means (27) securing said toggle disk closure (1) in the closed position.
    6. A clog-resistant closure according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for securing said toggle disk closure in the closed position comprises a detent (27) which engages a complementary recess (11) requiring resilient deformation for disengagement when the toggle element is pivoted from the closed position.
    7. A clog-resistant closure according to any one of the claims further characterized by a recess (11) in said cap element providing an opening for a toggle element tab (21) when said toggle disk closure is in the open position.
    8. A clog-resistant closure according to any one of the above claims characterized in that said discharge orifice (25) is circumscribed within a spout (22) which projects above the upper surface of said toggle element.
    9. A clog-resistant toggle disk closure according to any one of the above claims characterized in that the means for sealingly engaging a resilient container includes a series of threads (13) integrally molded therein.
    EP94916739A 1993-06-10 1994-05-11 Clog-resistant toggle disk closure Expired - Lifetime EP0701523B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    US7518993A 1993-06-10 1993-06-10
    PCT/US1994/005252 WO1994029184A1 (en) 1993-06-10 1994-05-11 Clog-resistant toggle disk closure
    US75189 2002-02-13

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0701523A1 EP0701523A1 (en) 1996-03-20
    EP0701523B1 true EP0701523B1 (en) 1999-04-07

    Family

    ID=22124133

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP94916739A Expired - Lifetime EP0701523B1 (en) 1993-06-10 1994-05-11 Clog-resistant toggle disk closure

    Country Status (8)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0701523B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH08510978A (en)
    AT (1) ATE178552T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69417743T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2129639T3 (en)
    MX (1) MX9404369A (en)
    TW (1) TW243433B (en)
    WO (1) WO1994029184A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (11)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    IT1319501B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-10-20 Capsol S P A Stampaggio Resine POURER HOOD WITH CLOSING COVER
    US6343725B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2002-02-05 Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. Disk-type toggle-action dispensing closure, package and method of assembly
    GB2389575A (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-17 Erik Smyth Dispensing a measured amount of granulated material
    ITPR20030106A1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-06 Bormioli Rocco & Figlio Spa GLASS CONTAINER WITH LID WITH VALVE ROCKER VALVE.
    DE102005041701A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Wella Ag Cap for a container
    DE102005041702A1 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Wella Ag Cap for a container
    GB2434574A (en) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-01 Obrist Closures Switzerland A dispensing closure
    US8074849B2 (en) 2009-04-29 2011-12-13 Conopco, Inc. Toggle action dispensing closure with articulated rear flange
    US10669082B1 (en) 2019-06-17 2020-06-02 Packaging Concepts Associates Holding, Inc. Child-resistant disk-top closure and locking system for a container
    KR200494270Y1 (en) * 2019-11-04 2021-09-06 권봉선 Easy opening container cover for water bottle
    US11040809B1 (en) 2020-10-09 2021-06-22 Packaging Concepts Associates Holding, Inc. Push button tilt top closure and locking system for a container

    Family Cites Families (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US3516581A (en) * 1968-09-06 1970-06-23 Robert D Wise Toggle type closure
    US4298146A (en) * 1979-08-23 1981-11-03 Sunbeam Plastics Corporation One-piece dispensing closure
    IT211753Z2 (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-04-07 Mira Lanza Spa CLOSING DEVICE FOR LIQUID BOTTLES
    US4962869A (en) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-16 Sequist Closures Toggle-acting dispensing closure with impact resistance
    FR2648112B1 (en) * 1989-06-07 1991-10-25 Moulage Automatique Sa PLUG WITH INTEGRATED OPENING / CLOSING DEVICE FOR THE CONTROLLED DISPENSING OF A PRODUCT CONTAINED IN A BOTTLE

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0701523A1 (en) 1996-03-20
    DE69417743T2 (en) 1999-10-07
    JPH08510978A (en) 1996-11-19
    DE69417743D1 (en) 1999-05-12
    TW243433B (en) 1995-03-21
    ATE178552T1 (en) 1999-04-15
    ES2129639T3 (en) 1999-06-16
    WO1994029184A1 (en) 1994-12-22
    MX9404369A (en) 1995-01-31

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