EP0698771B1 - Freezer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a freezer with a one Body part, the interior of which can be closed by a door, existing housing, and with one above the other in the interior Compartments and / or drawers, each of which belongs to the Are assigned to plate evaporators arranged in parallel, wherein at least some of the plate evaporators are made up essentially rectangular metal plates, preferably made of aluminum, on which the refrigerant leading, preferably aluminum coils, preferably through the tongues bent out of the metal plates are held; (see. FR-A-2 538 513 and FR-A-2 094 055).

With freezers there is a need to make them inexpensive to manufacture and operate economically.

The object of the invention is therefore a freezer at the beginning specified type to create, with good efficiency can be produced in a cost-effective manner.

According to the invention, this task is carried out in a freezer Generic type solved, inter alia, that gutter-like in the metal plates Wells are embossed in which the coils lie. The plate evaporators according to the invention can be manufacture in an economical manner because the evaporator tubes receiving depressions through a simple stamping process have it made. The plate evaporators according to the invention are thus much cheaper than pressed together and connected metal or aluminum plates, in the case of mirror images Training the channels leading the refrigerant according to a predetermined patterns are embossed. Despite their inexpensive Production methods are distinguished by the invention Plate evaporators are characterized by a good cooling capacity because the the refrigerant pipe coils carrying large areas on the walls of the channel-like depressions, so that between the coils and the metal plates have a good heat transfer is guaranteed.

The profile of the channel-like depressions is expedient so adapted to the diameter of the tubes that they are about half of its coat essentially on the walls of the Deepen.

According to the invention it is provided that the trough-like depressions between pressed out of the plate base-like elevations with flat surfaces are. In this configuration, the groove-like depressions formed between the base-like elevations, the Elbows of coils in unembossed areas of the plate the narrow sides of the base-like elevations. The surveys can have an elongated rectangular shape with rounded Own corners. The length of the surveys is expedient smaller than the width of the plates, so that between the Bumps and the edges of the plates are embossed parts, in which the bends of the coils lie. Depending on The straight sections of the coils can require cold between the arches can be longer or shorter, so that the Arches a smaller or greater distance from the narrow sides of surveys.

The plate edges are expediently used to stiffen the plates angled.

Additional edge stiffening can be achieved that the edges of the plates are folded over before they are bent are so that there are double-layered bends after folding surrender.

At least one edge of each plate is expediently twice angled inwards so that the outer leg of the bend runs approximately parallel to the plate. The arches of the Pipe coil can bend from the outer leg are attacked, so that this is not only the stiffening of the Plate but also the holder of the pipe coil serves.

At least one of the bends of the plate can also do so be formed that a first bend approximately at right angles and two further bends in opposite directions are executed so that there is a U-shaped edge profile with transverse legs standing at the plate level.

In addition to a good heat-conducting connection between the coils and the record it's another need, one good and firm mounting of the coils on the plates too create. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is therefore provided that each for holding the coils two tongues are cut out of the plate, by the first of which grips the pipe and the other the free Covered end of first tongue. The end of the first tongue will under the slightly raised second tongue under the plate level and then the tongues are pushed together compresses that the second tongue essentially in again the level of the plate and is a good and firm holder for which creates the first tongue overlapping the tube.

A particular problem with freezers is that there is a particularly large amount of heat in the upper area, because in the upper area heat not only through the side walls, but in particular also penetrate through the large cover wall can. For this reason it was previously common to use the top wall of the freezer one pressed together and connected aluminum plates existing plate evaporators with a particularly dense arrangement of the refrigerant channels to arrange, due to its increased cooling capacity in the upper Cabinet area maintains the minimum temperature of - 18 ° C. Such one made of pressed aluminum plates Existing plate evaporators are however several times as expensive as plate evaporators consisting of aluminum plates on which the the refrigerant pipe coils are attached. Would now the freezer only with metal plates on it attached pipe coils equipped existing plate evaporators, would have to be well below - 18 ° in the middle cabinet area C lying temperature are generated so that due to the resulting from the increased heat input through the top wall Temperature profile the required minimum temperature of - 18 ° C can be reached under this top wall.

The problem when doing away with an expensive one out of two pressed plates existing plate evaporator by a Plate evaporators of the type according to the invention also directly the minimum temperature of - 18 ° below the top wall C to reach without the temperatures in the middle cabinet area having to lower it to a much deeper level for an inventive solution for which protection by itself is claimed, solved in that the plate in the area between two parallel pipe sections with transverse to the pipe sections and parallel to each other Cuts is provided and that by the cuts from each other separate strip-shaped webs from the plane of the plate are bent out. Experiments have shown that this simple Modification of the plate evaporator according to the invention also in the upper part of the freezer the minimum temperature of - 18 ° C is reached without the temperature in the middle Cabinet area significantly lowered above this minimum temperature should be. The favorable temperature distribution in the freezer is due to the modification of the plate evaporator according to the invention presumably achieved in that the convection flow is significantly improved in the freezer. Have attempts shown that by using the invention Plate evaporator with rust-like breakthrough of areas an improvement in efficiency between the pipe sections of about 10%.

The webs are expediently at an angle of approximately 45 ° bent out of the plane of the plate.

To make the improved and cooling performance saving more uniform Reaching the temperature profile via the freezer is enough that only the top plate evaporator has a plate with lamellar webs bent out of their plane.

To each compartment or drawer in the manner indicated assign a plate evaporator or each compartment on either side of Plate evaporators, they are prefabricated in such a way that they are interconnected by the coolant tubes be so that they already have the relative distance before assembly to each other, which they also in the installed state own in the freezer. With this type of prefabrication the plate evaporators, however, are very voluminous, so that problems arise and additional costs for their internal transport surrender. Because there can only ever be two prefabricated plate evaporator units are pushed into each other, which then occupy a volume that is only slightly smaller than that of the assembled Freezers is.

The problem, the prefabricated plate evaporator units for to combine rational internal transport in such a way that they only have a small transport volume, is solved according to an inventive further development in that the coils of all plate evaporators by essentially straight pipe sections are connected to each other in the substantially parallel to each other each from the end region Plate side to the opposite end portion of the same Side of the underlying plate. At this Design of the plate evaporator units according to the invention for each freezer, the plate evaporators form with the connect them from plate evaporator to plate evaporator Pipe sections a zigzag line, so that the plate evaporator units fold flat for the purpose of transportation leave so that all plate evaporators of a plate evaporator unit lie on one another. Need for installation purposes the plate evaporators only to the required installation distance to be pulled apart, which is the plate evaporator connecting pipe sections in their connection areas only slightly harmlessly twisted.

There is a particular problem with refrigerators and freezers in that consisting of copper or a copper alloy Capillary tube with the injection side of the coolant Pipeline and also made of copper or a copper alloy existing intake manifold with the end of the coolant line connect. This problem is usually solved in that consisting of two panels pressed together and connected Plate evaporators are used that are already compatible with the capillary tube and intake manifold connections are provided. This plate evaporator is usually with two ports for connection the beginning and end of the pipe sections provided with the coils assigned to the other plate evaporators are connected. This known use of one of two plates pressed plate evaporator does not only install a expensive plate evaporator required, but beyond it is also necessary the beginning and the end of the coils forming tube with the pressed plate evaporator connect to. Such connections are complicated and expensive, since these are welded joints, which are not only difficult to manufacture, but also often leak are.

The problem is the capillary tube in a simple and safe way to connect to the injection side of the evaporator tube after inventive training, for the self-employed Protection is claimed, solved by the capillary tube is connected to the evaporator tube by a press connection, where the capillary tube is inserted in the middle of the evaporator tube and is flattened on both sides of the capillary tube, that this gutter-shaped with its profile Bordered half shells. The connection can be made as long as that an already very dense connection is achieved.

In the same way, the suction pipe with the evaporator pipe can also be used connect by a press connection. Through this invention The type of connection cannot be linked Connect weldable aluminum and copper pipes.

At the suction end of the evaporator tubes are usually Collection bottles arranged in which there is no evaporated refrigerant in such a way that the compressor only evaporates Sucks refrigerant and not also liquid. In a further embodiment the invention provides that in the suction side A collector bottle is arranged in the end region of the evaporator tube is, which consists of a tube of larger diameter, the Ends by a press connection with the adjacent evaporator tube sections are connected.

The press connection described can now normally not in required to be completely gas-tight. For this reason an adhesive is used to seal the pipes Range entered. Since this adhesive does not connect the Pipes, but only used for sealing, needs for further processing of the pipes not to be waited for that the glue completely is cured.

The plate evaporators are also used in freezers the support of the drawers. For this purpose, the plate evaporators laterally on rib-like projections of the side walls supported. To prevent the evaporator plates pulled out of the freezer are on the front edges these locking devices provided the can also be connected to the inside of the side walls must, which are usually hammered into the side walls. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the rear wall of the interior clips for Bracket for the straight pipe sections running parallel to the rear wall are arranged. The plate evaporators according to the invention can be used in freezers in a particularly simple manner lock that back the individual plate evaporators connecting pipe sections used for mounting will.

Fig. 1

eine Vorderansicht von drei durchgehend durch ein Rohr miteinander verbundenen Plattenverdampfern in ihrem Einbauzustand in einen Gefrierschrank unter Weglassung des Gefrierschranks und der die Plattenverdampfer halternden Einrichtungen,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der drei Plattenverdampfer nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf den obersten Plattenverdampfer der Plattenverdampfereinheiten nach den Fig. 1 und 2,

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht auf einen der beiden unteren Plattenverdampfer der Plattenverdampfereinheit nach den Fig. 1 und 2,

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt durch den Plattenverdampfer nach Fig. 3 längs der Linie B-B in Fig. 3,

Fig. 6

eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils X des Plattenverdampfers nach Fig. 4,

Fig. 7

die Einzelheit U aus Fig. 6 in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 8

die Einzelheit V aus Fig. 6 in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 9

die Einzelheit X aus Fig. 5 in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A durch den Plattenverdampfer nach Fig. 3 und

Fig. 11

einen Schnitt längs der Linie C-C durch den Plattenverdampfer nach Fig. 4 mit eingerollter, ein Rohr halternder Zunge.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. In this shows

Fig. 1

3 shows a front view of three plate evaporators connected to one another by a tube in their installed state in a freezer, with the omission of the freezer and the devices holding the plate evaporators,

Fig. 2

2 shows a side view of the three plate evaporators according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows a plan view of the uppermost plate evaporator of the plate evaporator units according to FIGS. 1 and 2,

Fig. 4

2 shows a plan view of one of the two lower plate evaporators of the plate evaporator unit according to FIGS. 1 and 2,

Fig. 5

4 shows a section through the plate evaporator according to FIG. 3 along the line BB in FIG. 3,

Fig. 6

4 shows a view in the direction of arrow X of the plate evaporator according to FIG. 4,

Fig. 7

the detail U from FIG. 6 in an enlarged view,

Fig. 8

the detail V from FIG. 6 in an enlarged view,

Fig. 9

the detail X from FIG. 5 in an enlarged view,

Fig. 10

a section along the line AA through the plate evaporator according to Fig. 3 and

Fig. 11

a section along the line CC through the plate evaporator according to FIG. 4 with a rolled-in, a tube-holding tongue.

1 shows a plate evaporator unit consisting of three plate evaporators 1 seen in front view, namely in their position in a freezer, the Freezer and all the plate evaporators Facilities omitted for the sake of clarity are. The individual plate evaporators 2, 3 consist of aluminum plates with coils held on these, all Coils and the connecting pipe pieces arranged between them consist of a single continuous tube. The upper plate evaporator 2 is still based on the Fig. 3 explained in more detail and the two lower plate evaporators 3 with reference to FIG. 4.

The end of the continuous tube 4 is not shown in Way connected to the suction pipe of the compressor. The refrigerant is injected through the capillary tube 5 into the beginning of the tube.

The end section of the coil of the upper plate evaporator 2 is through the U-shaped tube section 6 at the beginning the coil of the plate evaporator 3 connected. The end of the coil of the plate evaporator is corresponding 3 through the pipe section 6 with the beginning of Pipe coil of the underlying plate evaporator 3 connected. The straight web parts 7 of the pipe sections 6 run in 1 seen obliquely from a rear end the top plate evaporator to the other rear end of the plate evaporator underneath, so that the plate evaporator units 1 Fold in this way before installation leave that the individual plate evaporators 2, 3 flat on each other lie. Because the pipe sections connecting the plate evaporators 7 run parallel to the rear wall, these can be fasten with clips on the back wall, so that with this fastening the plate evaporators 2, 3 fixed in the freezer are and cannot be pulled out unintentionally.

In the end section of the continuous evaporator tube is one Collection bottle 8 turned on, in the unevaporated refrigerant collects so that the compressor on the intake manifold only gaseous Sucks refrigerant.

The upper plate evaporator 2 consists of an aluminum plate 10, from the one lying parallel to one another in the deep-drawing process base-like elevations 11 are pressed out, in such a way that that in each case between two base-like elevations 11 half-shell-shaped groove-like depressions 12 are formed, in which the straight pipe sections 13 of the coolant coils are located. The base-like elevations 11 essentially have the Form oblong rectangles, with the corners 14 of the base-like Increases are rounded. For holding the straight sections 13 of the coils in the channel-like depressions 12 are from the plate 10 or the flat surfaces of the base-like Elevations 11 holding tongues 16, 17 cut out. The longer retaining tongues 16 can be seen in FIG. 10 Way around in a bottle-like manner over the straight pipe sections 13 and under the free end of the tongue 17 in the one from FIG. 10 obviously pushed. 10 are the individual ones Steps of putting tongue 16 'around pipe section 13 and the raised tongues 17 'shown in dash-dotted lines. The lifting of the tongues 17 is done for the purpose of front ends of the bottle-like bent tongues 16 under the Laying tabs 17. Once the ends of the tongues 16 under the tongues 17 are pushed, the bottle connection is pressed.

The flat surfaces of the base-like elevations are in the 3 apparent manner with transverse to the channel-shaped Wells 12 and cuts parallel to each other 18 provided so that through these lamellar webs 19 from the Plate are cut out. These webs 19 are then in the manner shown in FIGS. 5 and 9 by about 45 ° slanted so that there are lamellar rust or lattice parts result in the passage gaps for the air.

4 shows one of the lower plate evaporators 3. This also consists of an aluminum plate 20, the tongues 21 for holding the straight sections of the coils are cut out. For holding the straight sections of the coils, the tongues 21 in the from Fig. 11 evidently rolled up around the straight pipe sections 13. The front and rear side edges of the plate evaporator 2, 3 are braced by bending. The type of the front Angling is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. For the purpose of Forming the bend is the angled area first folded on itself so that it is double-layered. The angled area is then twice around the folded edges 24 and 25 angled so that an inwardly open U results. The free one essentially parallel to the plate plane Leg 26 engages over the outer bends 27 of the coil, so that these are determined by the bend.

Of course, the straight sections of the coils can can also be shortened if only a lower cooling capacity is required so that the bends 27 'on one side of the coil already in the middle area of the plates and anyway end at a distance from the rear edge area.

The rear side edge of the plate evaporator is through a 6 and 8 apparent stiffening braced. For this the edge region is initially down around the folded edge 30 and then angled outwards by two further folded edges 31, 32, so that there is a U-shaped edge, the legs of this edge profile are perpendicular to the plate plane.

The narrow side edges of the plate evaporators are also in of the manner shown in FIG. 6 with simple folds 33 Mistake.

The freezer according to the invention is further characterized by this from that both the evaporator plates and that Pipes and coils carrying refrigerant are preferred Aluminum or aluminum alloys that are not made with are provided with a coat of paint so that the inventive Freezers equipped with plate evaporators have it disposed of by material sorting.

Claims (20)

1. Freezer having a housing comprising a body part whose interior can be closed by a door, and having compartments and/or drawers which are arranged one above the other in the interior and each of which is assigned plate evaporators arranged parallel to the compartments, the plate evaporators comprising essentially rectangular metal plates (10), preferably made of aluminium, on which the pipe loops (13) which carry the refrigerant, and preferably consist of aluminium, are preferably held by tongues (16, 17) bent out of the metal plates, characterized in that channel-like depressions (12), in which the straight sections (13) of the pipe loops are located, are formed between plinth-like elevations (11) with flat surfaces, which are pressed out of the plate (10).
2. Freezer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the profile of the channel-like depressions is matched to the diameter of the pipes in such a way that the latter rest with about half their outer surface essentially on the shell-like walls of the depressions.
3. Freezer according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the elevations have an elongated, rectangular form with rounded corners.
4. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the length of the elevations is less than the width of the plates, so that there are sections that have not been stamped or drawn, and in which the curved sections of the pipe loops are located, between the elevations and the edges of the plates.
5. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the edges of the plates are bent.
6. Freezer according to Claim 5, characterized in that the edges are folded over on themselves before being bent.
7. Freezer according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least one edge of each plate is bent inwards twice, so that the outer limb of the bend runs approximately parallel to the plate.
8. Freezer according to Claim 7, characterized in that the outer limb of the bend engages over the curved sections of the pipe loops.
9. Freezer according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a first bend is made approximately at right angles to the plate and two further bends are made outwards in opposite directions, so that the result is a U-shaped edge profile having limbs located transversely with respect to the plane of the plate.
10. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, in order to hold the pipe loops, in each case two tongues are cut out of the plate, the first of these engaging over the pipe and the other covering over the end of the first tongue.
11. Freezer, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, in the region between two pipe sections that run parallel to each other, the plate is provided with cuts that run transversely with respect to the pipe sections and parallel to one another, and in that the strip-like webs that are separated from one another by the cuts are bent out of the plane of the plate.
12. Freezer according to Claim 11, characterized in that the webs are bent out of the plane of the plate by an angle of about 45°.
13. Freezer according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that only the uppermost plate evaporator has a plate with louvre-like webs bent out of its plane.
14. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the pipe loops of all the plate evaporators are connected to one another by essentially straight pipe sections, which run parallel to one another in each case from the end region of one plate side to the opposite end region of the same side of the plate located below.
15. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the pipe loops of all the plate evaporators are formed by a single continuous pipe, and in that the capillary pipe opens into one end of the continuous pipe, and the suction pipe opens into the other end thereof.
16. Freezer, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the capillary pipe is connected to the evaporator pipe by a pressed joint, in which the capillary pipe is pushed centrally into the evaporator pipe and the latter is pressed flat on both sides of the capillary pipe in such a way that it grips the latter by way of channel-like half-shells which correspond to the profile of said capillary pipe.
17. Freezer, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the suction pipe is connected to the evaporator pipe by a pressed joint according to Claim 16.
18. Freezer, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that arranged in the suction-side end region of the evaporator pipe is a collector bottle, which comprises a pipe of relatively large diameter whose ends are connected to the adjoining sections of the evaporator pipe by a pressed joint according to Claim 16.
19. Freezer according to one of Claims 16 to 18, characterized in that, in order to seal the pressed joint, an adhesive is introduced into the region pressing the pipes.
20. Freezer according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that clips are arranged in the rear wall of the interior in order to hold the straight pipe sections running parallel to the rear wall.

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