EP0688857A1 - Hypochlorite bleaching compositions - Google Patents
Hypochlorite bleaching compositions Download PDFInfo
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- EP0688857A1 EP0688857A1 EP94870104A EP94870104A EP0688857A1 EP 0688857 A1 EP0688857 A1 EP 0688857A1 EP 94870104 A EP94870104 A EP 94870104A EP 94870104 A EP94870104 A EP 94870104A EP 0688857 A1 EP0688857 A1 EP 0688857A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- fabrics
- periodate
- bleaching
- compositions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3951—Bleaching agents combined with specific additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3956—Liquid compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid bleaching composition which is suitable for laundry applications including hand washing as well as washing with automatic washing machines.
- Liquid bleaching compositions are well-known in the art. Amongst the different bleaching compositions available, those relying on bleaching by hypochlorite are often preferred, mainly for performance reasons. Representative of the art is, for example, WO-88-05461 which discloses an aqueous composition comprising hypochlorite, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and the use of said composition for removing stains from the fabrics.
- hypochlorite bleach compositions comprising a periodate, or mixtures thereof.
- the compositions of the present invention provide outstanding fabric safety as well as fabric whiteness on the fabrics treated therewith. Indeed, it has been found that for any given composition comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite, adding periodate will improve both the fabric safety and the fabric whiteness on the fabrics treated therewith.
- the hypochlorite bleach compositions herein further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, e.g. carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- compositions of the present invention are that on top of their fabric safety properties and whitening action said compositions allow also good stain removal.
- US 4 065 545 relates to the stabilization of aqueous hypochlorite solutions.
- This patent discloses solutions of hypochlorite comprising up to 0.1% by weight of periodate ions.
- said solutions may also contain silicate ions and/or caustic soda and/or sodium carbonate.
- EP-A- 478086 discloses microemulsion detergent compositions comprising hypochlorite and having a pH of at least 12. Said compositions further comprise amongst other components, sodium carbonate, alkali metal hydroxide and from 0.01% to 0.3% by weight of an alkali metal periodate, such as potassium periodate or sodium periodate. Periodate is included in the microemulsion compositions for its stabilizing effect on hypochlorite.
- This patent application further discloses that the compositions therein are all-purpose cleaning compositions particularly adapted to the cleaning of hard-surfaces. Laundry application is also mentioned.
- the present invention encompasses an aqueous liquid bleaching composition comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite and more than 0.1% by weight of the total composition of a periodate, said compositions not being in the form of a microemulsion.
- compositions according to the present invention further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- the present invention further encompasses a method of bleaching and/or washing fabrics to improve fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness which comprises the step of contacting said fabrics with an aqueous liquid hypochlorite bleach composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 and comprising a periodate.
- an aqueous liquid hypochlorite bleach composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 and comprising a periodate.
- the compositions used in said method further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- compositions of the present invention comprise hypochlorite.
- hypochlorite Various forms of alkali metal hypochlorite are commercially available and, although this is not critical for the present invention, it is preferred herein to use sodium hypochlorite.
- Compositions according to the present invention comprise a bleaching amount of alkali metal hypochlorite, which typically represents from 2% to 10% by weight of the total composition, based on active chlorine, of alkali metal hypochlorite.
- Preferred compositions herein comprise from 3% to 6%, based on active chlorine, of alkali metal hypochlorite.
- the compositions according to the present invention comprise a periodate, or mixtures thereof.
- the periodates may be added as such or may be made in situ by any suitable reactions of appropriate iodine compounds.
- suitable periodates for use in the present compositions include alkali metal periodates such as sodium and potassium periodates. Preferred herein is to use sodium periodate.
- the compositions of the present invention comprise more than 0.1 % by weight of the total composition of said periodate, or mixtures thereof, preferably of from 0.11% to 2% and more preferably of from 0.11% to 1.5%.
- periodate ions coming from the dissociation of periodates have an action which allows to improve the fabric safety and the fabric whiteness of fabrics contacted with an aqueous liquid hypochlorite-containing composition comprising said periodates.
- said periodate ions allow to reduce or even eliminate the metal impurities both in said compositions as is and especially in the washing environment.
- Said metal impurities include heavy metal ions such as Cu, Fe, Ni, Co and the like, and have been found to adversely affect both fabric safety and fabric whiteness.
- the above mentioned action of periodate ions is sustained by the presence of a buffering/precipitation system as herein after defined.
- said buffering/precipitation system allows to remove from the washing solution magnesium and calcium which would otherwise bind to periodate ions, and thus partially inactivate them. Additionally, said buffering/precipitation system prevents the pH drop in the washing solution to values at which periodate ions become no longer stable and decompose.
- metal ions catalyze the attack of hypochlorous acid on fabrics with the generation of yellow oxidized species.
- said metal ions are adsorbed per se on oxidized fabrics as colored species and catalyze the degradation of the brighteners adsorbed on fabrics.
- said metal ions stabilize colored pigments of enzymatic stains such as blood and grass.
- said metal ions catalyze the depolymerisation of cotton fibers which leads to reduced tensile strength of the fabrics, thereby reducing fabrics resistance.
- the compositions according to the present invention have a pH as is of from 9 to 14, preferably of from 9.5 to 13 and more preferably of from 9.5 to 12.
- Suitable means to achieve such pH value include strong sources of alkalinity.
- the compositions herein comprise less than 2% by weight of the total composition of a strong source of alkalinity, or mixtures thereof, preferably of from 0.04% to 1.5% and more preferably of from 0.5% to 0.9%.
- strong sources of alkalinity are alkali metal hydroxides, such as potassium and/or sodium hydroxide, or alkali metal oxides such as sodium and/or potassium oxide, or mixtures thereof.
- compositions of the present invention may further comprise a buffering/precipitation system.
- a buffering/precipitation system Particularly suitable to be used herein are silicate or carbonate salts, or mixtures thereof.
- Preferred alkali metal salts of silicate and carbonate are sodium silicate and sodium carbonate, both of which are commercially available, or mixtures thereof.
- Other precipitation/buffering systems could be conveniently used herein such as sodium borate and sodium sesquicarbonate.
- any buffering/precipitation system having the property of keeping the pH above the value 8 when following a dilution of 0.3 to 1.7 % is suitable to be used in the present invention.
- compositions herein comprise up to 5% by weight of the total composition of a carbonate salt, or mixtures thereof, preferably from 0.1% to 4% and more preferably from 0.1% to 3% and up to 5% by weight of the total composition of a silicate salt, or mixtures thereof, preferably from 0.1% to 4% and more preferably from 0.2% to 3%.
- said buffering/precipitation system allows buffering of the pH of the present compositions.
- the pH of a composition according to the present invention remains constant throughout use, i.e. the pH of a diluted composition is buffered from the moment the dilution is completed and until said hypochlorite bleaching composition is started to be rinsed away from the fabrics to which it has previously been contacted.
- the improvement in fabric safety is optimized by the presence of said buffering/precipitation system, which by its buffering action, reduces the conversion of hypochlorite into hypochlorous acid, a species which we have found to be responsible for the fabric damage.
- the buffering of the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention reduces harshness to hands. Also said buffering/precipitation system removes from the wash solution calcium and magnesium.
- compositions of the present invention are aqueous liquid bleaching compositions. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention comprise from 70% to 97% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 75% to 96% and more preferably from 78% to 94%.
- compositions according to the present invention may further comprise optional ingredients such as bleach-stable surfactants, organic or inorganic alkalis, pigments, dyes, optical brighteners, solvents, chelating agents, radical scavengers, perfumes, bleach-stable perfume stabilizers and the like.
- optional ingredients such as bleach-stable surfactants, organic or inorganic alkalis, pigments, dyes, optical brighteners, solvents, chelating agents, radical scavengers, perfumes, bleach-stable perfume stabilizers and the like.
- compositions of the present invention provide improved fabric safety as well as improved fabric whiteness.
- improved fabric safety it is meant herein that the damage caused on fabric by using the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention is reduced compared to the damage caused by using the same hypochlorite compositions but without any periodate.
- improved fabric whiteness it is meant herein that the whiteness on fabric achieved by using the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention is improved compared to the whiteness obtained by using the same hypochlorite compositions but without any periodate.
- compositions according to the present invention are used in diluted form in laundry application.
- the expression "use in diluted form” herein includes dilution by the user, which occurs for instance in hand laundry applications, as well as dilution by other means, such as in a washing machine. Typical dilution levels are of from 0.4% to 20% for hand laundry application and 0.1% to 10% in a washing machine.
- the present invention further encompasses a method of bleaching fabrics which comprises the step of contacting said fabrics with an aqueous bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 which comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite, or mixtures thereof and a periodate, or mixtures thereof.
- an aqueous bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 which comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite, or mixtures thereof and a periodate, or mixtures thereof.
- the compositions used in said method of bleaching fabrics may further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts. Said method according to the present invention improves the fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness.
- the method of bleaching fabrics according to the present invention comprises the steps of first contacting said fabrics with an aqueous bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 which comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite, or mixtures thereof and a periodate, or mixtures thereof, then allowing said fabrics to remain in contact with said bleaching composition, for a period of time sufficient to bleach said fabrics, typically 3 to 60 minutes, preferably 5 to 30 minutes, then rinsing said fabrics in water to remove said bleaching composition. If said fabrics are to be washed, i.e. with a conventional composition comprising at least one surface active agent, it is preferred to perform the method herein before said fabrics are washed.
- said method according to the present invention further comprises a subsequent step where said fabrics are washed with a detergent composition comprising at least one surface active agent.
- compositions are made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions: Compositions (weight %) 1 2 Sodium hypochlorite 5.0 5.0 Sodium hydroxide 0.7 0.7 Sodium carbonate 1.0 1.0 Sodium periodate --- 0.5 Water --------100%------------- pH 13 13
- Composition 1 is a hypochlorite-containing composition taken as a reference and commercially available.
- Composition 2 is representative of the present invention, i.e. composition 2 comprises sodium hypochlorite, a buffering/precipitation system (sodium carbonate) and sodium periodate.
- a multicycle test has been carried out.
- a washing was performed in a glass beaker at 70°C for 45 minutes with a washing solution comprising 12.5 g/l of a composition herein before mentioned. Then the ribbons were added into the washing solution. At the end of each washing cycle the ribbons were rinsed. After 3 washing cycles the damage on the fabrics was evaluated by puling said ribbons until they broke. The force necessary to break the ribbons was measured with an Instron tensilometer. The lower the force needed to break said ribbons, the more serious is the damage caused on the fabrics.
- the results obtained were the following: 65 Kg of tensile strength for a ribbon taken as a reference, i.e. a ribbon which has not been washed. 20 Kg of tensile strength loss for a ribbon after 3 washing cycles when using composition 1, as compared to the ribbon taken as a reference. 16 Kg of tensile strength loss for a ribbon after 3 washing cycles when using composition 2, as compared to the ribbon taken as a reference.
- composition 2 aqueous composition of the present invention comprising sodium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate and sodium periodate
- composition (weight %) 1 Sodium hypochlorite 5.0 Sodium hydroxide 0.7 Sodium carbonate 1.0 Sodium silicate 1.0 Sodium periodate 0.3 Water up to 100% pH 13
- Composition 1 allows to obtain outstanding fabric safety as well as outstanding fabric whiteness, when used to bleach fabrics. This composition is suitable to be used in hand washing applications as well as in washing with automatic washing machines.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a liquid bleaching composition which is suitable for laundry applications including hand washing as well as washing with automatic washing machines.
- Liquid bleaching compositions are well-known in the art. Amongst the different bleaching compositions available, those relying on bleaching by hypochlorite are often preferred, mainly for performance reasons. Representative of the art is, for example, WO-88-05461 which discloses an aqueous composition comprising hypochlorite, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and the use of said composition for removing stains from the fabrics.
- However, the drawbacks associated with the use of chlorine-based compositions are that said compositions both damage and yellow the fabrics.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a hypochlorite-containing composition, suitable for use in laundry, whereby fabric safety is improved.
- It is a further object of the present invention to provide a hypochlorite-containing composition, suitable for use in laundry, whereby the fabric whiteness is improved.
- It has now been found that the previous objects can be met by formulating hypochlorite bleach compositions comprising a periodate, or mixtures thereof. The compositions of the present invention provide outstanding fabric safety as well as fabric whiteness on the fabrics treated therewith. Indeed, it has been found that for any given composition comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite, adding periodate will improve both the fabric safety and the fabric whiteness on the fabrics treated therewith. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hypochlorite bleach compositions herein further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, e.g. carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- A further advantage of the compositions of the present invention is that on top of their fabric safety properties and whitening action said compositions allow also good stain removal.
- US 4 065 545 relates to the stabilization of aqueous hypochlorite solutions. This patent discloses solutions of hypochlorite comprising up to 0.1% by weight of periodate ions. Optionally said solutions may also contain silicate ions and/or caustic soda and/or sodium carbonate.
- EP-A- 478086 discloses microemulsion detergent compositions comprising hypochlorite and having a pH of at least 12. Said compositions further comprise amongst other components, sodium carbonate, alkali metal hydroxide and from 0.01% to 0.3% by weight of an alkali metal periodate, such as potassium periodate or sodium periodate. Periodate is included in the microemulsion compositions for its stabilizing effect on hypochlorite. This patent application further discloses that the compositions therein are all-purpose cleaning compositions particularly adapted to the cleaning of hard-surfaces. Laundry application is also mentioned.
- Actually, the benefits derivable from the use of a periodate in an aqueous bleaching composition comprising hypochlorite for bleaching fabrics, i.e. improved fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness on the fabrics treated therewith, have not been acknowledged in the prior art.
- The present invention encompasses an aqueous liquid bleaching composition comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite and more than 0.1% by weight of the total composition of a periodate, said compositions not being in the form of a microemulsion.
- In a preferred embodiment, the compositions according to the present invention further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- The present invention further encompasses a method of bleaching and/or washing fabrics to improve fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness which comprises the step of contacting said fabrics with an aqueous liquid hypochlorite bleach composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 and comprising a periodate. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions used in said method further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts.
- As a first essential ingredient, the compositions of the present invention comprise hypochlorite. Various forms of alkali metal hypochlorite are commercially available and, although this is not critical for the present invention, it is preferred herein to use sodium hypochlorite. Compositions according to the present invention comprise a bleaching amount of alkali metal hypochlorite, which typically represents from 2% to 10% by weight of the total composition, based on active chlorine, of alkali metal hypochlorite. Preferred compositions herein comprise from 3% to 6%, based on active chlorine, of alkali metal hypochlorite.
- As a second essential ingredient, the compositions according to the present invention comprise a periodate, or mixtures thereof. The periodates may be added as such or may be made in situ by any suitable reactions of appropriate iodine compounds. Accordingly suitable periodates for use in the present compositions include alkali metal periodates such as sodium and potassium periodates. Preferred herein is to use sodium periodate. The compositions of the present invention comprise more than 0.1 % by weight of the total composition of said periodate, or mixtures thereof, preferably of from 0.11% to 2% and more preferably of from 0.11% to 1.5%.
- We speculate that the periodate ions coming from the dissociation of periodates have an action which allows to improve the fabric safety and the fabric whiteness of fabrics contacted with an aqueous liquid hypochlorite-containing composition comprising said periodates. Indeed, said periodate ions allow to reduce or even eliminate the metal impurities both in said compositions as is and especially in the washing environment. Said metal impurities include heavy metal ions such as Cu, Fe, Ni, Co and the like, and have been found to adversely affect both fabric safety and fabric whiteness. The above mentioned action of periodate ions is sustained by the presence of a buffering/precipitation system as herein after defined. Indeed, said buffering/precipitation system allows to remove from the washing solution magnesium and calcium which would otherwise bind to periodate ions, and thus partially inactivate them. Additionally, said buffering/precipitation system prevents the pH drop in the washing solution to values at which periodate ions become no longer stable and decompose.
- Indeed, we believe that in the washing environment said metal ions catalyze the attack of hypochlorous acid on fabrics with the generation of yellow oxidized species. We further believe that said metal ions are adsorbed per se on oxidized fabrics as colored species and catalyze the degradation of the brighteners adsorbed on fabrics. Also said metal ions stabilize colored pigments of enzymatic stains such as blood and grass. And finally said metal ions catalyze the depolymerisation of cotton fibers which leads to reduced tensile strength of the fabrics, thereby reducing fabrics resistance.
- It is in the alkaline range that the optimum stability and performance of the hypochlorite are obtained. Thus, the compositions according to the present invention have a pH as is of from 9 to 14, preferably of from 9.5 to 13 and more preferably of from 9.5 to 12. Suitable means to achieve such pH value include strong sources of alkalinity. Accordingly, the compositions herein comprise less than 2% by weight of the total composition of a strong source of alkalinity, or mixtures thereof, preferably of from 0.04% to 1.5% and more preferably of from 0.5% to 0.9%. Examples of strong sources of alkalinity are alkali metal hydroxides, such as potassium and/or sodium hydroxide, or alkali metal oxides such as sodium and/or potassium oxide, or mixtures thereof.
- In a preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention may further comprise a buffering/precipitation system. Particularly suitable to be used herein are silicate or carbonate salts, or mixtures thereof. Preferred alkali metal salts of silicate and carbonate are sodium silicate and sodium carbonate, both of which are commercially available, or mixtures thereof. Other precipitation/buffering systems could be conveniently used herein such as sodium borate and sodium sesquicarbonate. Actually any buffering/precipitation system having the property of keeping the pH above the value 8 when following a dilution of 0.3 to 1.7 % is suitable to be used in the present invention.
- In the preferred embodiment, the compositions herein comprise up to 5% by weight of the total composition of a carbonate salt, or mixtures thereof, preferably from 0.1% to 4% and more preferably from 0.1% to 3% and up to 5% by weight of the total composition of a silicate salt, or mixtures thereof, preferably from 0.1% to 4% and more preferably from 0.2% to 3%.
- Indeed, said buffering/precipitation system allows buffering of the pH of the present compositions. Indeed, due the such a buffering/precipitation system as defined herein before, the pH of a composition according to the present invention remains constant throughout use, i.e. the pH of a diluted composition is buffered from the moment the dilution is completed and until said hypochlorite bleaching composition is started to be rinsed away from the fabrics to which it has previously been contacted. Also, we speculate that the improvement in fabric safety is optimized by the presence of said buffering/precipitation system, which by its buffering action, reduces the conversion of hypochlorite into hypochlorous acid, a species which we have found to be responsible for the fabric damage. It is also suspected that the buffering of the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention reduces harshness to hands. Also said buffering/precipitation system removes from the wash solution calcium and magnesium.
- The compositions of the present invention are aqueous liquid bleaching compositions. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention comprise from 70% to 97% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 75% to 96% and more preferably from 78% to 94%.
- The compositions according to the present invention may further comprise optional ingredients such as bleach-stable surfactants, organic or inorganic alkalis, pigments, dyes, optical brighteners, solvents, chelating agents, radical scavengers, perfumes, bleach-stable perfume stabilizers and the like.
- The compositions of the present invention provide improved fabric safety as well as improved fabric whiteness. By "improved fabric safety" it is meant herein that the damage caused on fabric by using the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention is reduced compared to the damage caused by using the same hypochlorite compositions but without any periodate. By "improved fabric whiteness" it is meant herein that the whiteness on fabric achieved by using the hypochlorite compositions of the present invention is improved compared to the whiteness obtained by using the same hypochlorite compositions but without any periodate.
- The compositions according to the present invention are used in diluted form in laundry application. The expression "use in diluted form" herein includes dilution by the user, which occurs for instance in hand laundry applications, as well as dilution by other means, such as in a washing machine. Typical dilution levels are of from 0.4% to 20% for hand laundry application and 0.1% to 10% in a washing machine.
- The present invention further encompasses a method of bleaching fabrics which comprises the step of contacting said fabrics with an aqueous bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 which comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite, or mixtures thereof and a periodate, or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions used in said method of bleaching fabrics may further comprise a buffering/precipitation system, preferably carbonate salts and/or silicate salts. Said method according to the present invention improves the fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness.
- More specifically, the method of bleaching fabrics according to the present invention comprises the steps of first contacting said fabrics with an aqueous bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14 which comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite, or mixtures thereof and a periodate, or mixtures thereof, then allowing said fabrics to remain in contact with said bleaching composition, for a period of time sufficient to bleach said fabrics, typically 3 to 60 minutes, preferably 5 to 30 minutes, then rinsing said fabrics in water to remove said bleaching composition. If said fabrics are to be washed, i.e. with a conventional composition comprising at least one surface active agent, it is preferred to perform the method herein before said fabrics are washed. Indeed, it has been observed that bleaching said fabrics with the bleaching compositions according to the present invention prior to washing them with a detergent composition provides superior whiteness and stain removal with less energy and detergent than if said fabrics are washed first, then bleached. Accordingly, said method according to the present invention further comprises a subsequent step where said fabrics are washed with a detergent composition comprising at least one surface active agent.
- The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.
- The following compositions are made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions:
Compositions (weight %) 1 2 Sodium hypochlorite 5.0 5.0 Sodium hydroxide 0.7 0.7 Sodium carbonate 1.0 1.0 Sodium periodate --- 0.5 Water -----------100%------------- pH 13 13 - Composition 1 is a hypochlorite-containing composition taken as a reference and commercially available. Composition 2 is representative of the present invention, i.e. composition 2 comprises sodium hypochlorite, a buffering/precipitation system (sodium carbonate) and sodium periodate.
- A multicycle test has been carried out. A washing was performed in a glass beaker at 70°C for 45 minutes with a washing solution comprising 12.5 g/l of a composition herein before mentioned. Then the ribbons were added into the washing solution. At the end of each washing cycle the ribbons were rinsed. After 3 washing cycles the damage on the fabrics was evaluated by puling said ribbons until they broke. The force necessary to break the ribbons was measured with an Instron tensilometer. The lower the force needed to break said ribbons, the more serious is the damage caused on the fabrics.
- The results obtained were the following:
65 Kg of tensile strength for a ribbon taken as a reference, i.e. a ribbon which has not been washed.
20 Kg of tensile strength loss for a ribbon after 3 washing cycles when using composition 1, as compared to the ribbon taken as a reference.
16 Kg of tensile strength loss for a ribbon after 3 washing cycles when using composition 2, as compared to the ribbon taken as a reference. - The data clearly shows the unexpected safety improvement delivered by the aqueous compositions of the present invention comprising sodium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate and sodium periodate, as compared to a composition of the prior art (composition 1). Indeed, it has been surprisingly observed that after only 3 wash cycles a reduced fabric damage is achieved with the composition of the present invention (composition 2) as compared to the composition of the prior art (composition 1).
- The following example will further illustrate the present invention. The following composition is made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions:
Composition (weight %) 1 Sodium hypochlorite 5.0 Sodium hydroxide 0.7 Sodium carbonate 1.0 Sodium silicate 1.0 Sodium periodate 0.3 Water up to 100% pH 13 - Composition 1 allows to obtain outstanding fabric safety as well as outstanding fabric whiteness, when used to bleach fabrics. This composition is suitable to be used in hand washing applications as well as in washing with automatic washing machines.
Claims (11)
- An aqueous liquid bleaching composition comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite and more than 0.1% by weight of the total composition of a periodate, said composition not being in the form of a microemulsion.
- A method of bleaching fabrics to improve fabric safety and/or fabric whiteness which comprises the step of contacting said fabric with an aqueous liquid bleaching composition having a pH as is of from 9 to 14, comprising an alkali metal hypochlorite and a periodate, said bleaching composition being in its diluted form.
- A method of bleaching fabrics according to claim 2 which, after the step of contacting said fabrics with said bleaching composition, further comprises the steps of:- allowing said fabrics to remain in contact with said bleaching composition for a period of time sufficient to bleach said fabrics,- then rinsing said fabrics in water to remove said bleaching composition.
- A method according to claim 3 which further comprises a subsequent step where said fabrics are washed with a detergent composition comprising at least one surface active agent.
- A method or composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein said composition comprises from 2% to 10% by weight of the total composition, based on active chlorine, of hypochlorite, preferably of from 3% to 6%.
- A method or composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein in said composition said periodate is an alkali metal periodate, preferably sodium periodate.
- A method or composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein said composition comprises from 0.11% to 2% by weight of the total composition of said periodate or mixtures thereof, preferably from 0.11% to 1.5%.
- A composition or method according to any of the preceding claims wherein said composition further comprises a buffering/precipitation system.
- A composition or method according to claim 8 wherein said buffering/precipitation system comprises carbonate salts, silicate salts or mixtures thereof.
- A composition or method according to claim 9 wherein said composition comprises up to 5% by weight of the total composition of sodium carbonate, preferably from 0.1% to 4%, more preferably from 0.1% to 3%, and wherein said carbonate salt is preferably sodium carbonate, and up to 5% by weight of the total composition of a silicate salt, preferably from 0.1% to 4%, more preferably from 0.2% to 3% and wherein said silicate salt is preferably sodium silicate.
- A method or composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein said composition has a pH as is of from 9 to 14, preferably of from 9.5 to 13 and more preferably of from 9.5 to 12.
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK94870104T DK0688857T3 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
AT94870104T ATE186565T1 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | HYPOCHLORITE BLEACH COMPOSITIONS |
EP94870104A EP0688857B1 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
PT94870104T PT688857E (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | HYPOCHLORITE BEAUTIFUL COMPOSITIONS |
DE69421609T DE69421609T2 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | Hypochlorite bleach compositions |
ES94870104T ES2138061T3 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | HYPOCHLORITE BLEACHING COMPOSITIONS. |
CN95193775A CN1048694C (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1995-06-20 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
JP8503240A JPH10502121A (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1995-06-20 | Hypochlorite bleaching composition |
MX9700077A MX9700077A (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1995-06-20 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions. |
PCT/US1995/007663 WO1996000188A1 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1995-06-20 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
GR990403008T GR3031918T3 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1999-11-19 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94870104A EP0688857B1 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0688857A1 true EP0688857A1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
EP0688857B1 EP0688857B1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94870104A Expired - Lifetime EP0688857B1 (en) | 1994-06-24 | 1994-06-24 | Hypochlorite bleaching compositions |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0688857B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10502121A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1048694C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE186565T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69421609T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0688857T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2138061T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3031918T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9700077A (en) |
PT (1) | PT688857E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996000188A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996027651A1 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-09-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning compositions with reduced skin malodor |
EP0905225A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-03-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Processes of bleaching fabrics |
WO1999053013A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Unilever Plc | Toilet cleaning blocks |
WO1999053012A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Unilever Plc | Toilet cleaning blocks |
US6866687B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-03-15 | Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, A Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Composition and method for bleaching a substrate |
US7842655B2 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-11-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Colored bleaching composition |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6297209B1 (en) | 1996-05-10 | 2001-10-02 | The Clorox Company | Sequesterants as hypochlorite bleach enhancers |
US20100175198A1 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-15 | Kik Custom Products Inc. | Hypochlorite Composition with Enhanced Fabric and Equipment Safety Benefits |
CN102877287B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-12-17 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of halamine-containing antibacterial cellulose fabric |
CN107299521A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-27 | 中国石化仪征化纤有限责任公司 | For polyamidoester fibre and its bleaching agent and its normal temperature method for bleaching of fabric |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065545A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1977-12-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Stabilized hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite solutions |
EP0079102A1 (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1983-05-18 | Unilever N.V. | Coloured aqueous alkalimetal hypochlorite compositions |
WO1988005461A1 (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1988-07-28 | Molony Donald P | Sodium carbonate/sodium hydroxide/sodium hypochlorite composition and process for removing stains |
EP0478086A2 (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-04-01 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Stable microemulsion disinfecting detergent composition |
EP0565788A1 (en) * | 1992-04-15 | 1993-10-20 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Aqueous liquid automatic dishwashing detergent composition comprising hypochlorite bleach and bleach stabilizer |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4120650A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1978-10-17 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Laundering process for dual bleaching stained fabrics |
DE3418109A1 (en) * | 1984-05-16 | 1985-11-21 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | METHOD FOR BLEACHING COTTON-FABRIC FABRICS WITH HYPOCHLORITE AT HIGHER TEMPERATURES |
US4852990A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1989-08-01 | The Virkler Company | Process for bleaching denim fabrics and garments |
US5185096A (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1993-02-09 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Aqueous liquid automatic dishwashing detergent composition comprising hypochlorite bleach and bleach stabilizer |
-
1994
- 1994-06-24 AT AT94870104T patent/ATE186565T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-24 DK DK94870104T patent/DK0688857T3/en active
- 1994-06-24 EP EP94870104A patent/EP0688857B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-24 ES ES94870104T patent/ES2138061T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-24 PT PT94870104T patent/PT688857E/en unknown
- 1994-06-24 DE DE69421609T patent/DE69421609T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-06-20 MX MX9700077A patent/MX9700077A/en unknown
- 1995-06-20 CN CN95193775A patent/CN1048694C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-20 JP JP8503240A patent/JPH10502121A/en active Pending
- 1995-06-20 WO PCT/US1995/007663 patent/WO1996000188A1/en active Application Filing
-
1999
- 1999-11-19 GR GR990403008T patent/GR3031918T3/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065545A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1977-12-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Stabilized hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite solutions |
EP0079102A1 (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1983-05-18 | Unilever N.V. | Coloured aqueous alkalimetal hypochlorite compositions |
WO1988005461A1 (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1988-07-28 | Molony Donald P | Sodium carbonate/sodium hydroxide/sodium hypochlorite composition and process for removing stains |
EP0478086A2 (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-04-01 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Stable microemulsion disinfecting detergent composition |
EP0565788A1 (en) * | 1992-04-15 | 1993-10-20 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Aqueous liquid automatic dishwashing detergent composition comprising hypochlorite bleach and bleach stabilizer |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996027651A1 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-09-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning compositions with reduced skin malodor |
EP0905225A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-03-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Processes of bleaching fabrics |
WO1999015617A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bleaching compositions |
WO1999053013A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Unilever Plc | Toilet cleaning blocks |
WO1999053012A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Unilever Plc | Toilet cleaning blocks |
US6866687B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-03-15 | Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, A Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Composition and method for bleaching a substrate |
US7842655B2 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-11-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Colored bleaching composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3031918T3 (en) | 2000-03-31 |
MX9700077A (en) | 1997-04-30 |
DE69421609D1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
CN1151148A (en) | 1997-06-04 |
WO1996000188A1 (en) | 1996-01-04 |
JPH10502121A (en) | 1998-02-24 |
CN1048694C (en) | 2000-01-26 |
DE69421609T2 (en) | 2000-06-29 |
ES2138061T3 (en) | 2000-01-01 |
EP0688857B1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
ATE186565T1 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
DK0688857T3 (en) | 2000-04-10 |
PT688857E (en) | 2000-04-28 |
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