EP0678349B1 - Two or more part billet container for pressing flat billets in metal extrusion - Google Patents
Two or more part billet container for pressing flat billets in metal extrusion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0678349B1 EP0678349B1 EP94102544A EP94102544A EP0678349B1 EP 0678349 B1 EP0678349 B1 EP 0678349B1 EP 94102544 A EP94102544 A EP 94102544A EP 94102544 A EP94102544 A EP 94102544A EP 0678349 B1 EP0678349 B1 EP 0678349B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- axis
- opening
- casing
- inner casing
- shrinkage
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C27/00—Containers for metal to be extruded
Definitions
- Block receptacles for metal extrusion presses are designed as a press fit construction, in which the two or more (inner, jacket and possibly an intermediate bushing or more) parts are joined together by shrinking, for the inner bushing steels of high heat resistance with high wear resistance, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations and good thermal conductivity , and those for the intermediate and jacket bushing are provided with particularly high toughness. Due to the press fit, the parts are connected against axial forces and a load distribution by preload is achieved. For the pressing of wide, thin flat profiles, block transducers with non-round breakthrough adapted to the block cross-section are used, since pressing conditions and flow conditions can be decisively improved by mutual approximation of the shapes of the block and profile cross-sections.
- the stress ratios are characterized by the ratio of the large to the small cross-sectional axis of the opening, with the pressing performance decreasing so much at a ratio of approximately twice that the economy of using flat block transducers in comparison the advantages that can be achieved by improving the pressing conditions and flow conditions can be called into question with the costs related to the pressing performance.
- the wall of the inner sleeve is exposed to a considerably higher tangential compressive stress than the wall with its larger cross-section, due to the shrinkage resulting from the shrinkage in the major axis of the breakthrough due to the smaller wall cross-section, the wall on the long side of the breakthrough Breakthrough due to the elliptical effect, inward deformations of the inner bush lead to the fact that the tangential compressive stresses in the wall cross-section located in the major axis of the breakthrough increase towards the breakthrough and decrease towards the outer diameter of the inner bush, while those from the shrinkage on the inner bush occur occurring radial compressive stresses are negligible.
- the radial internal pressure overlaps the tangential compressive stresses with tangential tensile stresses.
- the deformation of the inner bushing on the long sides of the opening reverses under the internal pressure and increases the tangential tensile stresses towards the narrow side of the opening.
- the internal pressure also increases the radial compressive stresses for the inner bush from the wall of the opening.
- the object of the invention is to improve the homogeneity of the stress curve in the inner bushing and to keep the reference stress peaks well below the range of the hot stretching limit.
- This object is achieved in that the corresponding diameter of the assembled transducer parts from the large to the small cross-sectional axis of the opening with decreasing shrinkage size are performed, so that the sleeve wall in the areas of the large cross-sectional axis of the opening a greater joint pressure than in the areas of the smaller cross-sectional axis is exposed to the breakthrough.
- This joint pressure distribution increases the radial pressure preload in the critical areas while at the same time lowering the pressures that deform the wall areas inwards in the small axis of the opening, with the result of a more homogeneous stress curve in the inner bushing with reference stress peaks remaining below the range of the hot stretch limit.
- the desired joint pressure distribution i.e. the joint pressure distribution with which the aim of the invention of harmonizing the voltage curve in the inner bush is achieved as best as possible, determines the diameter changes over the circumference of the outer diameter of the inner bush or the bore of the bush surrounding the inner bush (intermediate bush or jacket bush). It depends on the geometry of the flat block or the breakthrough of the inner bushing, and the production in the copying process can be carried out according to a pattern determined empirically with the aid of the finite element method by partially different removal or application of material. For technical manufacturing reasons, an elliptical design is particularly recommended, especially since it can be used to achieve the objective of the invention satisfactorily. According to a further feature of the invention, the ellipse is carried out with a ratio of the large to the small ellipse axis which differs by 0.2 to 0.25%.
- the inner sleeve which has been pre-machined in its outer diameter and provided with the breakthrough, can be finished round after expansion via the small cross-sectional axis of the breakthrough in the elastic region, so that the changes in the desired joint pressure distribution result after the expansion force ceases to apply Extent of the outer diameter result.
- DE-AS 24 34 221 which relates to a flat block pickup for extrusion presses, the inner bushing or the bushing surrounding the inner bushing of which is provided with groove-shaped recesses in the region of the smallest wall thickness of the inner bushing.
- this measure is in direct contradiction to the teaching of the present invention.
- EP-A-0 480 903 and EP-A-0 481 951 are to be mentioned in relation to the prior art, according to which the risk of crack formation in the areas of the narrow sides of the opening is to be counteracted by the fact that in the area adjacent to the inner surface Zone of the inner sleeve in the area of the fillets, increased compressive stresses are formed in the material, for which purpose according to EP-A-0 480 903 at least one of the components to be joined by shrinking is made out of round or according to EP-A-0 481 951 the inner bush is pretreated mechanically or thermally in such a way that the shrinkage exposes the inner bush to an increased radial pressure perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the opening, by means of which an increased compressive stress is formed in the regions of the inner surface of the fillets in the inner bush.
- the teaching of this prior art is therefore in direct contradiction to the teaching of the present invention, according to which the associated tangential compressive stress in the zones near the surface on the narrow sides
- the block sensor shown in FIG. 1 consists of an inner bush 1, an intermediate bush 2 and a jacket bush 3.
- the inner bushing 1 is shrunk into the intermediate bushing 2, which in turn is shrunk into the jacket bushing 3.
- the jacket socket 3 is provided with holes 4 for receiving heating elements.
- the inner bushing 1 is provided with an opening 5, the cross-section of which is adapted to the flat blocks provided for pressing here and accordingly has a large axis A, a small axis a and rounded narrow sides.
- the inner sleeve 1 has an elliptical outer diameter, the major axis of the ellipse being identical to the major axis A of the opening 5 of the inner sleeve 1 and being 0.25% larger than the minor axis of the ellipse. This results in a larger shrinking dimension S max over the large axis A than the shrinking dimension S min over the small axis a of the opening 5.
- the ellipse effect occurs at a constant shrinkage dimension due to a corresponding inward bending of the wall parts of the inner bushing 1 located above the large axis A of the opening 5, due to very different reference stresses with very high values on the narrow sides and very low values the broad sides of the opening 5.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Blockaufnehmer für Metallstrangpressen werden als Preßpassungskonstruktion ausgeführt, bei der die zwei oder mehreren (Innen-, Mantel- und gegebenenfalls eine Zwischenbuchse oder mehrere) Teile durch Schrumpfung zusammengefügt werden, wobei für die Innenbuchse Stähle hoher Warmfestigkeit bei hohem Verschleißwiderstand, Unempfindlichkeit gegen Temperaturschwankungen und guter Wärmeleitfähigkeit, und für die Zwischen- und Mantelbuchse solche bei insbesondere hoher Zähigkeit vorgesehen werden. Durch die Preßpassung werden die Teile gegen Axialkräfte verbunden und eine Lastverteilung durch Vorspannung erreicht. Zum Pressen von breiten, dünnen Flachprofilen werden Blockaufnehmer mit unrundem, an den Blockquerschnitt angepaßten Durchbruch eingesetzt, da durch gegenseitige Annäherung der Formen von Block- und Profilquerschnitt Preßverhältnisse und Fließbedingungen entscheidend verbessert werden können. Infolge der Beanspruchungsverhältnisse dieser sogenannten Flachblockaufnehmer ist aber deren Preßleistung durch an den Schmalseiten des Durchbruchs der Innenbuchse auftretende Risse unbefriedigend. Außer durch die Form des Durchbruchs (Rundungen an den Schmalseiten) sind die Beanspruchungsverhältnisse durch das Verhältnis der großen zur kleinen Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs geprägt, wobei die Preßleistung bei einem Verhältnis ab etwa dem zweifachen so sehr abnimmt, daß die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Einsatzes von Flachblockaufnehmern beim Vergleich der durch Verbesserung der Preßverhältnisse und Fließbedingungen erzielbaren Vorteile mit den auf die Preßleistung bezogenen Kosten infrage gestellt sein kann.Block receptacles for metal extrusion presses are designed as a press fit construction, in which the two or more (inner, jacket and possibly an intermediate bushing or more) parts are joined together by shrinking, for the inner bushing steels of high heat resistance with high wear resistance, insensitivity to temperature fluctuations and good thermal conductivity , and those for the intermediate and jacket bushing are provided with particularly high toughness. Due to the press fit, the parts are connected against axial forces and a load distribution by preload is achieved. For the pressing of wide, thin flat profiles, block transducers with non-round breakthrough adapted to the block cross-section are used, since pressing conditions and flow conditions can be decisively improved by mutual approximation of the shapes of the block and profile cross-sections. As a result of the stress conditions of these so-called flat block transducers, however, their pressing performance due to cracks occurring on the narrow sides of the opening in the inner bushing is unsatisfactory. In addition to the shape of the opening (curves on the narrow sides), the stress ratios are characterized by the ratio of the large to the small cross-sectional axis of the opening, with the pressing performance decreasing so much at a ratio of approximately twice that the economy of using flat block transducers in comparison the advantages that can be achieved by improving the pressing conditions and flow conditions can be called into question with the costs related to the pressing performance.
Die Wandung der Innenbuchse ist durch die aus der Schrumpfung resultierende Vorspannung in der großen Achse des Durchbruchs infolge des geringeren Wandungsquerschnitts einer erheblich höheren Tangential-Druckspannung ausgesetzt als die in der kleinen Achse des Durchbruchs gelegene Wandung mit ihrem größeren Querschnitt, wobei die an den Längsseiten des Durchbruchs durch den Ellipseneffekt auftretenden, einwärts gerichteten Verformungen der Innenbuchse dazu führen, daß die Tangential-Druckspannungen in dem in der großen Achse des Durchbruchs gelegenen Wandungsquerschnitt zum Durchbruch hin verstärkt und zum Außendurchmesser der Innenbuchse hin verringert auftreten, während die aus der Schrumpfung an der Innenbuchse auftretenden Radial-Druckspannungen vernachlässigbar sind.The wall of the inner sleeve is exposed to a considerably higher tangential compressive stress than the wall with its larger cross-section, due to the shrinkage resulting from the shrinkage in the major axis of the breakthrough due to the smaller wall cross-section, the wall on the long side of the breakthrough Breakthrough due to the elliptical effect, inward deformations of the inner bush lead to the fact that the tangential compressive stresses in the wall cross-section located in the major axis of the breakthrough increase towards the breakthrough and decrease towards the outer diameter of the inner bush, while those from the shrinkage on the inner bush occur occurring radial compressive stresses are negligible.
Die sich nach dem Erwärmen des Aufnehmers und nachdem sich nach einer Zahl von Pressungen eine Betriebstemperatur mit stationärer Temperaturverteilung eingestellt hat, einstellenden Wärmespannungen wirken sich als Tangential- und Radial-Druckspannungen aus, die die aus der Schrumpfung resultierenden Tagential- und Radial-Druckspannungen weiter erhöhen.The thermal stresses that develop after the transducer has been heated up and after a number of pressings have reached an operating temperature with a steady-state temperature distribution have an effect as tangential and radial compressive stresses, which further increase the Tagential and radial compressive stresses resulting from the shrinkage .
Im Betriebszustand unter Last werden durch den radialen Innendruck die Tangential-Druckspannungen überlagert durch Tangential-Zugspannungen. Die Deformation der Innenbuchse an den Längsseiten des Durchbruchs kehrt sich unter dem Innendruck um und verstärkt die Tangential-Zugspannungen zur Schmalseite des Durchbruchs hin. Durch den Innendruck steigen auch die Radial-Druckspannungen für die Innenbuchse von der Wandung des Durchbruchs her. Die Spitzen der stark inhomogenen, die Tangential- und Radialspannungen zusammengenommen berücksichtigenden Vergleichsspannungen treten in den in der Längsachse des Durchbruchs gelegenen Querschnittsbereichen der Innenbuchse an deren Innenwandung auf, wo sie die Warmstreckgrenze erreichen oder überschreiten können, mit der Folge von Rißbildungen in diesem Bereich nach verhältnismäßig geringer, den wirtschaftlichen Einsatz von Flachblockaufnehmern infrage stellenden Lastwechselzahl.In the operating state under load, the radial internal pressure overlaps the tangential compressive stresses with tangential tensile stresses. The deformation of the inner bushing on the long sides of the opening reverses under the internal pressure and increases the tangential tensile stresses towards the narrow side of the opening. The internal pressure also increases the radial compressive stresses for the inner bush from the wall of the opening. The peaks of the highly inhomogeneous comparative stresses, which take the tangential and radial stresses together, occur in the cross-sectional areas of the inner bushing in the longitudinal axis of the opening on the inner wall thereof, where they can reach or exceed the hot stretching limit, with the consequence of cracks forming in this area less, the economic use of flat block transducers, the number of load changes in question.
Die Erfindung hat die Zielsetzung, die Homogenität des Spannungsverlaufs in der Innenbuchse zu verbessern und die Vergleichsspannungsspitzen deutlich unter dem Bereich der Warmstreckgrenze zu halten.The object of the invention is to improve the homogeneity of the stress curve in the inner bushing and to keep the reference stress peaks well below the range of the hot stretching limit.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die korrespondierenden Durchmesser der zusammengefügten Aufnehmerteile von der großen zur kleinen Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs mit abnehmenden Schrumpfmaß ausgeführt werden, so daß die Buchsenwandung in den Bereichen der großen Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs einem größeren Fugendruck als in den Bereichen der kleineren Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs ausgesetzt ist. Durch diese Fugendruckverteilung wird die Radial-Druckvorspannung in den kritischen Bereichen bei gleichzeitiger Absenkung der die Wandungsbereiche in der kleinen Achse des Durchbruchs einwärts gerichtet verformenden Drücke angehoben, mit der Folge eines homogeneren Spannungsverlaufs in der Innenbuchse bei unterhalb des Bereichs der Warmstreckgrenze bleibenden Vergleichsspannungsspitzen.This object is achieved in that the corresponding diameter of the assembled transducer parts from the large to the small cross-sectional axis of the opening with decreasing shrinkage size are performed, so that the sleeve wall in the areas of the large cross-sectional axis of the opening a greater joint pressure than in the areas of the smaller cross-sectional axis is exposed to the breakthrough. This joint pressure distribution increases the radial pressure preload in the critical areas while at the same time lowering the pressures that deform the wall areas inwards in the small axis of the opening, with the result of a more homogeneous stress curve in the inner bushing with reference stress peaks remaining below the range of the hot stretch limit.
Es empfiehlt sich, von den korrespondierenden Durchmessern der zusammenzufügenden Aufnehmerteile den der Innenbüchse entsprechend dem gewünschten Schrumpfmaß zu variieren wodurch sich besondere Vorkehrungen beim Aufsetzen der Zwischenbüchse bzw. des Mantels bezüglich der gegenseitigen Drehstellung erübrigen.It is advisable to vary the corresponding diameters of the transducer parts to be joined together, that of the inner sleeve in accordance with the desired shrinkage dimension, as a result of which no special precautions are required when fitting the intermediate sleeve or the jacket with respect to the mutual rotational position.
Die gewünschte Fugendruckverteilung, d. h. die Fugendruckverteilung, mit der das Erfindungsziel der Harmonisierung des Spannungsverlaufs in der Innenbuchse bestmöglich erreicht wird, bestimmt die Durchmesserveränderungen über den Umfang des Außendurchmessers der Innenbuchse bzw. der Bohrung der die Innenbuchse umgebenden Buchse (Zwischenbuchse oder Mantelbuchse). Sie ist abhängig von der Geometrie des Flachblocks bzw. des Durchbruchs der Innenbuchse, wobei die Herstellung im Kopierverfahren nach einem empirisch unter Zuhilfenahme der Finite- Elemente- Methode ermittelten Muster durch partiell unterschiedliche Ab- oder Auftragung von Werkstoff erfolgen kann. Aus fertigungstechnischen Erwägungen empfiehlt sich besonders eine elliptische Ausbildung, zumal mit dieser das Erfindungsziel befriedigend erreichbar ist. Die Ellipse wird gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung mit einem um 0,2 bis 0,25% differierenden Verhältnis der großen zur kleinen Ellipsenachse ausgeführt.The desired joint pressure distribution, i.e. the joint pressure distribution with which the aim of the invention of harmonizing the voltage curve in the inner bush is achieved as best as possible, determines the diameter changes over the circumference of the outer diameter of the inner bush or the bore of the bush surrounding the inner bush (intermediate bush or jacket bush). It depends on the geometry of the flat block or the breakthrough of the inner bushing, and the production in the copying process can be carried out according to a pattern determined empirically with the aid of the finite element method by partially different removal or application of material. For technical manufacturing reasons, an elliptical design is particularly recommended, especially since it can be used to achieve the objective of the invention satisfactorily. According to a further feature of the invention, the ellipse is carried out with a ratio of the large to the small ellipse axis which differs by 0.2 to 0.25%.
Anstatt den Außendurchmesser der Innenbuchse elliptisch zu bearbeiten kann die in ihrem Außendurchmesser vorbearbeitete, mit dem Durchbruch versehene Innenbuchse nach Aufweitung über die kleine Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs im elastischen Bereich rund fertigbearbeitet werden, so daß sich nach Wegfall der Aufweitungskraft die die gewünschte Fugendruckteilung ergebenden Veränderungen über den Umfang des Außendurchmessers ergeben.Instead of elliptically machining the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, the inner sleeve, which has been pre-machined in its outer diameter and provided with the breakthrough, can be finished round after expansion via the small cross-sectional axis of the breakthrough in the elastic region, so that the changes in the desired joint pressure distribution result after the expansion force ceases to apply Extent of the outer diameter result.
Zum Stande der Technik ist auf die DE-AS 24 34 221 zu verweisen, die einen Flachblockaufnehmer für Strangpressen zum Gegenstand hat, dessen Innenbuchse oder dessen die Innenbuchse umgebende Buchse im Bereich der geringsten Wandstärke der Innenbuchse mit nutförmigen Ausnehmungen versehen ist. Diese Maßnahme steht aber in direktem Widerspruch zur Lehre vorliegender Erfindung.With regard to the prior art, reference is made to DE-AS 24 34 221, which relates to a flat block pickup for extrusion presses, the inner bushing or the bushing surrounding the inner bushing of which is provided with groove-shaped recesses in the region of the smallest wall thickness of the inner bushing. However, this measure is in direct contradiction to the teaching of the present invention.
Des weiteren sind zum Stand der Technik die EP-A-0 480 903 und EP-A-0 481 951 zu erwähnen, nach denen der Gefahr der Rißbildung in den Bereichen der Schmalseiten des Durchbruchs dadurch entgegengewirkt werden soll, daß in der der Innenfläche benachbarten Zone der Innenbuchse im Bereich der Ausrundungen erhöhte Druckspannungen im Werkstoff gebildet sind, wozu nach der EP-A-0 480 903 mindest eines der durch Schrumpfung zusammenzufügenden Bauteile unrund gefertigt wird oder nach der EP-A-0 481 951 die Innenbuchse mechanisch oder thermisch derart vorbehandelt wird, daß durch die Schrumpfung die Innenbuchse senkrecht zur Durchbruchslängsachse einem vergrößerten radialen Druck ausgesetzt wird, durch den in der Innenbuchse eine vergrößerte Druckspannung in den Bereichen der Innenoberfläche der Ausrundungen gebildet wird. Damit steht die Lehre auch dieses Standes der Technik in direktem Widerspruch zur Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung, nach der durch den Abbau des Ellipseneffektes die damit verbundene Tangential-Druckspannung in den oberflächennahen Zonen an den Schmalseiten des Durchbruchs herabgesetzt wird.Furthermore, EP-A-0 480 903 and EP-A-0 481 951 are to be mentioned in relation to the prior art, according to which the risk of crack formation in the areas of the narrow sides of the opening is to be counteracted by the fact that in the area adjacent to the inner surface Zone of the inner sleeve in the area of the fillets, increased compressive stresses are formed in the material, for which purpose according to EP-A-0 480 903 at least one of the components to be joined by shrinking is made out of round or according to EP-A-0 481 951 the inner bush is pretreated mechanically or thermally in such a way that the shrinkage exposes the inner bush to an increased radial pressure perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the opening, by means of which an increased compressive stress is formed in the regions of the inner surface of the fillets in the inner bush. The teaching of this prior art is therefore in direct contradiction to the teaching of the present invention, according to which the associated tangential compressive stress in the zones near the surface on the narrow sides of the opening is reduced by the reduction of the ellipse effect.
In den Zeichnungen ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dagestellt, wobei die
- Fig. 1
- eine Stirnansicht auf einen dreiteiligen Blockaufnehmer zeigt. In den weiteren Figuren sind die an der Innenbuchse auftretenden Vergleichsspannungen eingetragen, und zwar in
- Fig. 2A
- für einen Blockaufnehmer nach dem Stand der Technik (über den Umfang der Innenbuchse gleiches Schrumpfmaß) lediglich unter Schrumpfvorspannung, und in
- Fig. 2B
- unter der zusätzlichen Betriebslast des Innendruckes, in
- Fig. 3A
- für einen Blockaufnehmer gemäß der Erfindung (von der großen zur kleinen Querschnittsachse des Durchbruchs am Umfang der Innenbuchse abnehmenden Schrumpfmaß) lediglich unter Schrumpfvorspannung, und in
- Fig. 3B
- unter der zusätzlichen Betriebslast des Innendrucks.
- Fig. 1
- an end view of a three-part block sensor shows. In the other figures, the reference voltages appearing on the inner bushing are entered, namely in
- Figure 2A
- for a block transducer according to the prior art (the same shrinkage dimension over the circumference of the inner bushing) only under shrink pretension, and in
- Figure 2B
- under the additional operating load of the internal pressure, in
- Figure 3A
- for a block transducer according to the invention (shrinking dimension decreasing from the large to the small cross-sectional axis of the opening at the circumference of the inner bush) only under shrinking prestress, and in
- Figure 3B
- under the additional operating load of the internal pressure.
Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Blockaufnehmer besteht aus einer Innenbuchse 1, einer Zwischenbuchse 2 und einer Mantelbuchse 3.The block sensor shown in FIG. 1 consists of an
Die Innenbuchse 1 ist in die Zwischenbuchse 2 und diese wiederum in die Mantelbuchse 3 eingeschrumpft. Die Mantelbuchse 3 ist mit Bohrungen 4 für die Aufnahme von Heizelementen versehen. Die Innenbuchse 1 ist mit einem Durchbruch 5 versehen, der in seinem Querschnitt dem von hier zur Verpressung vorgesehenen Flachblöcken angepasst ist und dementsprechend eine große Achse A, eine kleine Achse a sowie abgerundete Schmalseiten aufweist. Die Innenbuchse 1 hat einen elliptischen Außendurchmesser, wobei die große Achse der Ellipse gleich liegt mit der großen Achse A des Durchbruchs 5 der Innenbuchse 1 und um 0,25% größer als die kleine Achse der Ellipse ist. Dadurch ergibt sich ein größeres Schrumpfmaß Smax über der großen Achse A als das Schrumpfmaß Smin über der kleinen Achse a des Durchbruchs 5.The
Wie die Figur 2A erkennen läßt, tritt bei konstantem Schrumpfmaß der Ellipseneffekt durch eine entsprechende Einwärtsbiegung der über der großen Achse A des Durchbruchs 5 gelegenen Wandungsteile der Innenbuchse 1 erheblich in Erscheinung durch sehr unterschiedliche Vergleichsspannungen mit sehr hohen Werten an den Schmalseiten und sehr niedrigen Werten an den Breitseiten des Durchbruchs 5.As can be seen in FIG. 2A, the ellipse effect occurs at a constant shrinkage dimension due to a corresponding inward bending of the wall parts of the
Mit der Verringerung des Schrumpfmaßes über der kleinen Achse a also der Breitseite des Durchbruchs 5 verringert sich die Einwärtsbiegung der über der großen Achse A des Durchbruchs 5 gelegenen Wandungsteile der Innenbuchse 1. Wie die Figur 3A erkennen läßt sind die Vergleichsspannungen wesentlich gleichmäßiger und auch in der Spitze geringer.With the reduction in the shrinkage dimension over the small axis a, i.e. the broad side of the
Wie die Figuren 2B und 3B erkennen lassen sind auch unter der Wirkung des Innendrucks die Vergleichsspannungen entlang der Wandung des Durchbruchs 5 in sich gleichmäßiger und im Vergleich zum nicht belasteten, lediglich unter der Schrumpfspannung stehenden Aufnehmer sind die Spannungsamplituden sowie die Maximalspannungen geringer, wenn das Schrumpfmaß über der kleinen Achse a abnehmend zum Schrumpfmaß über der großen Achse A des Durchbruchs 5 gehalten ist.As can be seen in FIGS. 2B and 3B, even under the effect of the internal pressure, the comparative stresses along the wall of the
Claims (5)
- A two-part or multi-part billet container for pressing flat billets in extrusion presses, the inner casing (1) of which is provided with a non-circular opening (5) in conformity with the billet cross-section with a major cross-sectional axis (A) and a minor cross-sectional axis (a), and the parts of which are joined together by means of shrinkage with a varying shrinkage allowance,
characterized in that the corresponding diameters of the parts joined together are designed with a decreasing shrinkage allowance (S) from the major (A) to the minor (a) cross-sectional axis of the opening (5). - A flat billet container according to claim 1,
characterized in that of the corresponding diameters of the inner casing (1) and the casing (2) (intermediate casing or outer casing) surrounding the said inner casing, the outer diameter of the inner casing (1) is provided with the variations producing the differing shrinkage allowance (S) over the periphery. - A flat billet container according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the outside of the inner casing (1) or the bore of the casing (2) (intermediate casing or outer casing) surrounding the inner casing (1) is designed so as to be elliptical. - A flat billet container according to claim 3,
characterized in that the ellipse has a relationship of the major (A) to the minor (a) axis differing by 0.2 to 0.25 %. - A flat billet container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the shrinkage allowance is 0.2 to 0.25 % at the major (A) axis of the opening (5) of the inner casing (1) decreasing to 0 to 0.05 % at the minor (a) axis of the opening (5) of the inner casing (1).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59400219T DE59400219D1 (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Two-part or multi-part block transducer for pressing flat blocks in metal extrusion presses |
| AT94102544T ATE136823T1 (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | TWO- OR MULTI-PIECE BLOCK RECEIVER FOR PRESSING FLAT BLOCKS IN METAL EXTRUSION PRESSES |
| EP94102544A EP0678349B1 (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Two or more part billet container for pressing flat billets in metal extrusion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94102544A EP0678349B1 (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Two or more part billet container for pressing flat billets in metal extrusion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0678349A1 EP0678349A1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
| EP0678349B1 true EP0678349B1 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
Family
ID=8215701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94102544A Expired - Lifetime EP0678349B1 (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Two or more part billet container for pressing flat billets in metal extrusion |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0678349B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE136823T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59400219D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101391269B (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2011-01-19 | 大连交通大学 | Broad-width extrusion device and technique thereof |
| CN101927275B (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2012-05-23 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Inner sleeve of flat extrusion barrel and flat extrusion barrel |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATA205990A (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1993-10-15 | Boehler Gmbh | RECIPIENT WITH A FLAT RECEPTION CHAMBER FOR EXTRUSION PRESSES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| AT395687B (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1993-02-25 | Boehler Gmbh | FLAT RECIPIENT FOR EXTRUSION PRESSES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
1994
- 1994-02-21 AT AT94102544T patent/ATE136823T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-21 EP EP94102544A patent/EP0678349B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-21 DE DE59400219T patent/DE59400219D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0678349A1 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
| DE59400219D1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
| ATE136823T1 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
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