EP0676158A1 - Method and device for supporting the body of a patient allowing controlled sagging - Google Patents
Method and device for supporting the body of a patient allowing controlled sagging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0676158A1 EP0676158A1 EP95400627A EP95400627A EP0676158A1 EP 0676158 A1 EP0676158 A1 EP 0676158A1 EP 95400627 A EP95400627 A EP 95400627A EP 95400627 A EP95400627 A EP 95400627A EP 0676158 A1 EP0676158 A1 EP 0676158A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- distance
- supported
- upper face
- patient
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
- A61G2203/40—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for distance
Definitions
- the invention relates essentially to a method and an apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular a body of a patient, allowing support at a controlled depth of penetration.
- a device for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, generally mainly known as a mattress, is well known.
- Such a device comprises, in certain cases, at least one closed chamber or with controlled, flexible exhaust, inflatable under a pressure as a function of the maximum driving-in distance authorized in the support of the element to be supported.
- filling or evacuation means are provided for filling or inflating said chamber until the depression is brought back below the maximum authorized insertion distance.
- the sensor of this measuring device is based on the principle of the coupled circuit presenting an indirect electromagnetic coupling (of the transformer type) and variable, function of the distance separating the primary and the secondary from the coupled circuit (see figure 5 in appendix).
- a fixed frequency oscillator delivers constant energy to the primary of a transformer which transfers variable energy to the secondary of this transformer as a function of the distance separating the primary and the secondary from the transformer.
- This energy collected at the transformer secondary is delivered to an amplifier.
- the invention also aims to solve the new technical problem set out above, so as to provide a solution which improves the distribution of the weight of the body of a patient to allow a therapeutic application of the support device, so that the pressure local does not prevent blood circulation, to avoid the formation of bedsores.
- the support device comprises a sensor, the principle of which is based on the variation of the self-induction coefficient of a coil, a fully-fledged element of an oscillator.
- This variation in the self-induction coefficient is obtained by varying the distance separating a metal sheet located under the element to be supported, such as the body of a patient, and the coil.
- This variation as a function of the depression of an element to be supported, such as the body of a patient, moves the resonance frequency of the LC circuit away from the tuning frequency of the oscillator and therefore results in a damping of the signal delivered to the amplifier by the oscillator.
- the present invention provides a method of supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, comprising the provision of at least one support device comprising at least one closed or controlled, flexible, inflatable exhaust under an adjustable initial inflation pressure, said chamber having an upper face and a lower face, means for controlling the inflation pressure of said chamber as a function of the insertion distance into the device support for the element to be supported comprising means for filling or evacuating a fluid for filling said chamber under said pressure and means for measuring the distance (D) separating the upper face of the chamber relative to the face lower, characterized in that the initial inflation pressure of said chamber is controlled at a driving distance adapted so that the element to be supported, and in particular the body of a patient, sinks deep into the support device, bringing said upper face of said chamber to a predetermined distance (D c ) of relatively small set point vis-à-vis the underside of said chamber, and in that the upper face is maintained during the support of the element to be supported, in particular the body of
- the set distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber, when supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient is between approximately 20 and approximately 80%, preferably between approximately 20 and approximately 40% of the initial distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber, in the absence of an element to be supported.
- the aforementioned measuring means comprise on the one hand a metallic element, advantageously in the form of a thin sheet, placed under the most prominent or heaviest part of the element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, integral with the upper face of the chamber, cooperating with at least one inductive device forming position detector integral with the underside of said chamber, in particular by being placed under the underside of said chamber.
- the desired insertion at said set distance from the element to be supported has the consequence of obtaining a pressure of between 4 and 40 mbar.
- the principle of detection of the depression of the body to be supported is fundamentally different from the principles of the prior art.
- the distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber is kept essentially constant at said set distance during the duration of the support of an element to bear, especially the body of a patient, and whatever its weight, position, morphology and, more precisely, its morphological profile. This ensures the best possible distribution of the weight on the upper face of the chamber used for the support.
- the means for filling or evacuating the filling fluid from the chamber are actuated to fill or, on the contrary, evacuate the filling fluid to modify the filling pressure or restore said set distance.
- the present invention also covers an apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, comprising a support device, comprising at least one closed chamber or with controlled, flexible, inflatable exhaust under an adjustable predetermined initial inflation pressure; said chamber having an upper face serving as a support for the element to be supported, and a lower face; means for controlling the inflation pressure of said chamber as a function of the driving-in distance into the support device of the element to be supported, comprising means for filling or discharging a filling fluid; means for measuring the distance (D) separating the upper face of the chamber relative to the lower face and means for controlling the pressure control means, characterized in that the means for controlling the filling pressure are provided to control the initial pressure at a predetermined distance (D c ) of relatively small setpoint from the upper face of said chamber with respect to the lower face of said chamber, and the control means acting on the means servo-control of the inflation pressure of said chamber to maintain, during the support, the distance (D) separating the upper face from the lower
- the aforementioned measuring means comprise a metal element, advantageously in the form of a thin metal sheet, secured to the upper face of the chamber, inside said chamber, cooperating with at least one element.
- inductive forming position detector integral with the underside of said chamber which can be arranged inside said chamber, integrated into the underside of the chamber, or secured externally to the underside of the chamber.
- the aforementioned control means may advantageously include a control unit, advantageously comprising an electronic central unit or electro-mechanical having a memory, which permanently or intermittently receives signals proportional to the value of the distance from the upper face relative to the lower face of the chamber, transmitted by the aforementioned measuring means and which compares the measured values with the value of the set distance, and which controls the means for controlling the inflation pressure of the chamber in order to permanently achieve a measured distance essentially equal to the set distance.
- a control unit advantageously comprising an electronic central unit or electro-mechanical having a memory, which permanently or intermittently receives signals proportional to the value of the distance from the upper face relative to the lower face of the chamber, transmitted by the aforementioned measuring means and which compares the measured values with the value of the set distance, and which controls the means for controlling the inflation pressure of the chamber in order to permanently achieve a measured distance essentially equal to the set distance.
- this reinforcing element may, for example, comprise a foam mattress or an airbag which may advantageously be of lenticular shape.
- the above-mentioned setpoint distance is between approximately 20 and approximately 80%, preferably between approximately 20 and approximately 40% of the initial distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the room, in the absence of an element to support.
- the preferred distance set is approximately 5 cm, or approximately 20% of the initial thickness, which corresponds to a depression of approximately 15 cm.
- a support device according to the present invention is represented by the general reference number 10.
- This support device makes it possible to support an element, in particular, as shown the body of a patient P.
- This device 10 comprises a support device proper 12 comprising at least one closed or flexible exhaust chamber 14, inflatable, which may for example be composed of a multiplicity of inflatable tubes communicating with each other, said chamber 14 being inflatable under an adjustable initial inflation pressure.
- This chamber 14 has an upper face 15 serving as a support for the element to be supported P, a lower face 16 which can, for example, rest on a box spring (not shown here) or equivalent means.
- the apparatus also comprises means 18 for controlling the filling pressure of the chamber 14 as a function of the insertion distance into the support device of the element to be supported, for example comprising filling means 20, such as means for pumping 20 a fluid for filling the chamber 14, such as a gas, in particular air, or a liquid, in particular water, or evacuation means such as a valve 22.
- This device also includes means 30 for measuring the distance D separating the upper face 15 of the chamber relative to the lower face 16.
- this device is further characterized in that the means 18 for controlling the filling pressure of the chamber 14 are provided for controlling the initial pressure at a relatively low predetermined reference distance (D c ) from said upper face of the chamber opposite the lower face of the chamber.
- D c predetermined reference distance
- the apparatus 10 also comprises control means 40 acting on the means 18 for controlling the inflation pressure of the chamber 14 to maintain, during the support, the distance D measured separating the upper face 15 from the lower face 16 of the chamber 14 essentially constant, that is to say essentially equal to or within an acceptable variation relative to the set distance D c .
- the measuring means 30 comprise a metal element 32, advantageously in the form of a thin sheet, integral with the upper face 15 of the chamber 14, inside said chamber 14 , as shown, cooperating with at least one inductive element 34 forming position detector integral with the underside 16 of said chamber which can be disposed inside said chamber 14, integrated into the underside of the chamber 16, or secured externally to the underside 16 of the chamber 14, as shown.
- the aforementioned control means 40 can advantageously comprise a control unit 42 comprising an electronic or electro-mechanical central unit having a memory, which permanently or intermittently receives signals proportional to the value of the measured distance, D m , of the upper face 15 relative to the lower face 16 of the chamber, transmitted by the aforementioned measuring means and which compares the measured values with the setpoint distance value, D c , and which controls the means 20, 22 for controlling the inflation pressure of the chamber 14 to permanently reach a measured distance, D m , essentially equal to the set distance, D c .
- the control means 40 may comprise an oscillator device 44 coupled to the inductive element 34, such as an induction coil, an amplifier device 46 whose amplification can be adjusted by a setpoint adjustment device 48. The the amplifier is then coupled to an integral proportional regulation device 50 coupled to an adapter device 52, the output of which is coupled to the control unit 42.
- an oscillator device 44 coupled to the inductive element 34, such as an induction coil
- an amplifier device 46 whose amplification can be adjusted by a setpoint adjustment device 48.
- the the amplifier is then coupled to an integral proportional regulation device 50 coupled to an adapter device 52, the output of which is coupled to the control unit 42.
- control means 40 are clearly understandable to a person skilled in the art and their operation will be described later after the description of each embodiment.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of Figure 1 in which the inductive element 34, such as an induction coil, is disposed on a reinforcing element 36 disposed at of zone B of the element to be supported P of greater mass or prominence, here the sacred zone, in order to limit on this zone B the driving-in distance of the upper face 15 of the chamber, relative to the zones remaining, thus taking into account this area of mass or higher prominence, as is understandable for a person skilled in the art, in particular by comparing FIGS. 1 and 2.
- This reinforcing element 36 can, for example, comprise a mattress foam which may advantageously be of lenticular shape, the convex face of which is directed towards the element to be supported, as shown.
- a reinforcement element constituted by another chamber inflatable at a different pressure.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention for which the elements identical or of identical function to those used in FIG. 1 are referenced by the same reference numbers increased by hundred.
- several independent chambers are used, for example three, such as 114a, 114b, 114c, each of which is provided with measuring means such as 130a, 130b, 130c.
- the measuring means such as 130a, 130b, 130c may each include an inductive element 134a, 134b, 134c or 134d visible in FIG. 4 which can be combined with a single metallic element 132 or possibly with several elements metallic.
- a single metallic element 132 is used, placed at the level of the zone of the element to be supported with greater mass or prominence, here the sacred zone B.
- each measurement means such as 130a, 130b, 130c
- control means such as 140a, 140b, 140c identical to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the filling means 120 such as means for pumping a filling fluid can be connected to each chamber, such as 114a, 114b, 114c, by a closing or opening control valve such as 124a, 134b, 124c allowing or stopping the inflation from the room.
- Individual discharge valves 122a, 122b, 122c can also be provided to partially deflate the chamber 114a, 114b or 114c to control the inflation pressure in each chamber at the insertion distance of the element to be supported.
- the metallic element is advantageously produced in the form of a thin sheet which can be, for example, with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m placed inside the chamber 14 or 114b, between two insulating sheets to increase sensitivity.
- the thickness of the support element 12 or 112 can, for example, be 20 cm.
- the low initial inflation pressure is advantageously provided to allow the element to be supported, such as the body of a patient P, to sink deep into the support device forming a mattress of a constant depth, for example 15 cm. , regardless of weight of the patient, for example that the latter varies from 20 to 100 kg, or of the morphology or of the lying or sitting position of the body of the patient P.
- the inductive element 34 or 134a, 134b, 134c can be formed, for example, by a flat coil permanently supplied with a very low voltage of the order of 3V and crossed by a current of a few micro-amps.
- the inductive element 34 or 134a, 134b, 134c is part of an LC tuning circuit whose capacitive component is preferably constant, the inductive component being modified during movement of the metallic element 32 or 132, for example in the form of a leaf.
- any variation in distance will cause a variation in inductance L, in the same way as proximity detection for an inductive sensor and will detune the oscillator circuit 44.
- the inductive element 34 or 134a, 134b, 134c is permanently supplied by a sinusoidal current of low voltage, for example of around a few micro-amps, and of the order of 3V, which makes it possible to deliver an induced current. to oscillator device 44.
- FIGS. 4 and 4a there is shown the diagram of the electronic circuit obtained within the framework of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention, similar to that of FIG. 3, but comprising four chambers, and therefore four associated inductive elements 134a, 134b, 134c, 134d.
- the oscillator device 44 receives the induced current from the inductive element 34 or 134.
- the oscillator device 44 can, for example, oscillate on a frequency of the order of 4 kHz.
- the oscillator device 44 also performs frequency discrimination by converting a frequency variation into a voltage variation thanks to the structure of the electronic circuit shown in FIG. 4.
- the voltage delivered by the oscillator 44 being relatively low, this is amplified by the amplifier device 46.
- the voltage signal is rectified by the diode then is filtered so as to recover only the DC component of the signal.
- the setpoint adjustment device 48 is obtained by the use of a comparator device comprising an operational amplifier marked 9, 10, mounted as a comparator. Thanks to this arrangement, a signal proportional to the difference between the measurement signal supplied by the rectifier amplifier circuit 46 and the setpoint voltage of the setpoint adjustment device 48 set a potentiometer P1 is obtained.
- the output of the setpoint adjustment device 48 is connected to the integral proportional control device 50 which aims to integrate the signal so as to have no pumping or oscillation effect around the setpoint and this for patient comfort.
- the output of the integral proportional regulation device 50 is connected to the adapter device 52 which also constitutes an operational amplifier and a potentiometer P3 which makes it possible to deliver an output signal which can, for example, be about 0.10 volts which can be sent to the central control unit 42 which then controls the pressure control means 20, 22 or 120, 122, 124 at the insertion distance of the element to be supported, for example the pumping means 20 or 120 such a pump, making it possible to modify the speed of supply of inflation fluid, such as air, or else to decrease the pressure by controlling the motorized valve 22 or 122a, 122b or 122c, so as to open it or to modify the opening section.
- the adapter device 52 which also constitutes an operational amplifier and a potentiometer P3 which makes it possible to deliver an output signal which can, for example, be about 0.10 volts which can be sent to the central control unit 42 which then controls the pressure control means 20, 22 or 120, 122, 124 at the insertion distance of the element to be supported, for example the pumping means
- the chamber 14 or 114a, 114b, 114c presents a loss of inflation fluid, such as air, constant, the supply means 20 or 120, such as 'A pump, then allowing to inject or pulsate inflation fluid, such as air, continuously or intermittently in order to maintain the desired inflation pressure.
- a loss of inflation fluid such as air, constant
- the supply means 20 or 120 such as 'A pump
- the distance D resulting from the depression of the patient's body P in the mattress formed by the chamber 14 or 114 , can be converted into a reference setpoint voltage which can be set and adjusted using the potentiometer P1 of the device 48.
- a positive voltage is then obtained at the output of the setpoint adjustment device forming comparator which then controls a reduction in the inflation pressure in the chamber or chambers by the opening of the corresponding valves 22 or 122 or an increase in the opening when the operation takes place according to a constant loss of fluid.
- the presence of the integral proportional regulation device 50 is important because this device makes it possible to avoid pumping phenomena occurring on the loop-back circuits. Without the integral proportional control device 50, the pumping phenomenon appears when the pressure becomes too low because the set point is quickly exceeded and the servo system gives the reverse order to slow down the flow, which can again exceed the set point. The pumping phenomenon is thus initiated with strong unpleasant consequences for the patient.
- the integral proportional regulation loop 50 is absorbed by integration and rapid evaluation so as to remain permanently at the set point. Furthermore, it is understood that when the support device comprises only a single chamber, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, it is preferred to provide a reinforcing element such as element 36 which can be a foam element or an inflated cushion making it possible to bring the patient's body P horizontally while putting a low pressure in the mattress, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the reinforcing element 36 is advantageously used on the support devices with a single chamber.
- the senor comprises a metal element 32 cooperating with an inductive element 34 constituting a fully-fledged element of an oscillator which results in a variation of the distance (D) separating the metal element 32 from the inductor element 34 in a variation of the self-induction coefficient, modifying the resonance frequency of the LC circuit by moving it away from the tuning frequency of the oscillator, which has the advantage of causing a damping of the signal delivered to the amplifier by the oscillator.
- D the distance
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne essentiellement un procédé et un appareil de support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier d'un corps d'un patient, permettant un support à une profondeur d'enfoncement contrôlée.The invention relates essentially to a method and an apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular a body of a patient, allowing support at a controlled depth of penetration.
Un dispositif de support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, généralement principalement connu sous le nom de matelas, est bien connu.A device for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, generally mainly known as a mattress, is well known.
Un tel dispositif comprend, dans certains cas, au moins une chambre fermée ou à échappement contrôlé, souple, gonflable sous une pression fonction de la distance maximale d'enfoncement autorisée dans le support de l'élément à supporter. De ce fait, des moyens de remplissage ou d'évacuation sont prévus pour remplir ou gonfler ladite chambre jusqu'à ramener l'enfoncement en dessous de la distance maximale d'enfoncement autorisée. Ainsi, pour adapter le dispositif de support au support de patient de poids différent, il a été initialement proposé de modifier la pression de gonflage initiale relativement élevée pour assurer le support d'un maximum de patients et en cas d'insuffisance de pression d'augmenter encore celle-ci pour éviter de dépasser une distance d'enfoncement limite autorisée.Such a device comprises, in certain cases, at least one closed chamber or with controlled, flexible exhaust, inflatable under a pressure as a function of the maximum driving-in distance authorized in the support of the element to be supported. As a result, filling or evacuation means are provided for filling or inflating said chamber until the depression is brought back below the maximum authorized insertion distance. Thus, to adapt the support device to the patient support of different weight, it was initially proposed to modify the relatively high initial inflation pressure to ensure the support of a maximum of patients and in case of insufficient pressure. further increase this to avoid exceeding an authorized driving-in distance.
Ainsi, il a été proposé dans le document EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,873,737 de prévoir des moyens de mesure pour mesurer la distance entre la face supérieure de la chambre et le dispositif de mesure.Thus, it has been proposed in document EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,873,737 to provide measuring means for measuring the distance between the upper face of the chamber and the measuring device.
Le capteur de ce dispositif de mesure est basé sur le principe du circuit couplé présentant un couplage électromagnétique indirect (du type transformateur) et variable, fonction de la distance séparant le primaire et le secondaire du circuit couplé (voir figure 5 en annexe).The sensor of this measuring device is based on the principle of the coupled circuit presenting an indirect electromagnetic coupling (of the transformer type) and variable, function of the distance separating the primary and the secondary from the coupled circuit (see figure 5 in appendix).
Un oscillateur à fréquence fixe délivre une énergie constante au primaire d'un transformateur qui transfère une énergie variable au secondaire de ce transformateur en fonction de la distance séparant le primaire et le secondaire du transformateur.A fixed frequency oscillator delivers constant energy to the primary of a transformer which transfers variable energy to the secondary of this transformer as a function of the distance separating the primary and the secondary from the transformer.
Cette énergie recueillie au secondaire du transformateur est délivrée à un amplificateur.This energy collected at the transformer secondary is delivered to an amplifier.
Lorsque la profondeur d'enfoncement maximale est atteinte, la pression est modifiée. L'enfoncement varie donc en fonction du poids des patients.When the maximum insertion depth is reached, the pressure is changed. The depression therefore varies according to the weight of the patients.
Au contraire, dans le cadre de la présente invention, on cherche à résoudre le nouveau problème technique consistant en la fourniture d'une solution qui permet de réaliser un enfoncement du patient à une profondeur essentiellement constante dans le dispositif de support, tel qu'un matelas, indépendamment du poids d'un patient, afin de laisser pénétrer profondément l'élément à supporter tel que le corps d'un patient, dans le dispositif de support pour obtenir une meilleure distribution du poids sur la surface du support.On the contrary, in the context of the present invention, we seek to solve the new technical problem consisting in providing a solution which allows the patient to be pushed into a substantially constant depth in the support device, such as a mattress, regardless of the weight of a patient, in order to allow the element to be supported, such as the body of a patient, to penetrate deeply patient, in the support device to obtain a better distribution of the weight on the surface of the support.
L'invention a encore pour but de résoudre le nouveau problème technique énoncé ci-dessus, de manière à fournir une solution qui améliore la distribution du poids du corps d'un patient pour permettre une application thérapeutique du dispositif de support, pour que la pression locale n'empêche pas la circulation sanguine, afin d'éviter la formation d'escarres.The invention also aims to solve the new technical problem set out above, so as to provide a solution which improves the distribution of the weight of the body of a patient to allow a therapeutic application of the support device, so that the pressure local does not prevent blood circulation, to avoid the formation of bedsores.
Ces problèmes techniques sont résolus pour la première fois par la présente invention, de manière sûre et fiable, selon une solution particulièrement simple, peu coûteuse et utilisable à l'échelle industrielle et médicale.These technical problems are solved for the first time by the present invention, in a safe and reliable manner, according to a particularly simple solution, inexpensive and usable on an industrial and medical scale.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, le dispositif de support comprend un capteur dont le principe est basé sur la variation du coefficient de self-induction d'une bobine, élément à part entière d'un oscillateur.In the context of the invention, the support device comprises a sensor, the principle of which is based on the variation of the self-induction coefficient of a coil, a fully-fledged element of an oscillator.
Cette variation de coefficient de self-induction est obtenue par variation de la distance séparant une feuille métallique située sous l'élément à supporter, tel le corps d'un patient, et la bobine. Cette variation, fonction de l'enfoncement d'un élément à supporter, tel le corps d'un patient, éloigne la fréquence de résonance du circuit LC de la fréquence d'accord de l'oscillateur et donc entraîne un amortissement du signal délivré à l'amplificateur par l'oscillateur.This variation in the self-induction coefficient is obtained by varying the distance separating a metal sheet located under the element to be supported, such as the body of a patient, and the coil. This variation, as a function of the depression of an element to be supported, such as the body of a patient, moves the resonance frequency of the LC circuit away from the tuning frequency of the oscillator and therefore results in a damping of the signal delivered to the amplifier by the oscillator.
Ainsi, selon un premier aspect, la présente invention fournit un procédé de support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, comprenant la prévision d'au moins un dispositif de support comprenant au moins une chambre fermée ou à échappement contrôlé, souple, gonflable sous une pression de gonflage initiale prédéterminée réglable, ladite chambre ayant une face supérieure et une face inférieure, des moyens d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de ladite chambre en fonction de la distance d'enfoncement dans le dispositif support de l'élément à supporter comprenant des moyens de remplissage ou d'évacuation d'un fluide de remplissage de ladite chambre sous ladite pression et des moyens de mesure de la distance (D) séparant la face supérieure de la chambre relativement à la face inférieure, caractérisé en ce qu'on asservit la pression de gonflage initiale de ladite chambre à une distance d'enfoncement adaptée pour que l'élément à supporter, et en particulier le corps d'un patient, s'enfonce profondément dans le dispositif de support, en amenant ladite face supérieure de ladite chambre à une distance (Dc) prédéterminée de consigne relativement faible vis-à-vis de la face inférieure de ladite chambre, et en ce qu'on maintient pendant le support de l'élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, la face supérieure essentiellement à la distance prédéterminée de consigne, en particulier en agissant sur les moyens d'asservissement en fonction des mesures fournies par les moyens de mesure de distance précités.Thus, according to a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, comprising the provision of at least one support device comprising at least one closed or controlled, flexible, inflatable exhaust under an adjustable initial inflation pressure, said chamber having an upper face and a lower face, means for controlling the inflation pressure of said chamber as a function of the insertion distance into the device support for the element to be supported comprising means for filling or evacuating a fluid for filling said chamber under said pressure and means for measuring the distance (D) separating the upper face of the chamber relative to the face lower, characterized in that the initial inflation pressure of said chamber is controlled at a driving distance adapted so that the element to be supported, and in particular the body of a patient, sinks deep into the support device, bringing said upper face of said chamber to a predetermined distance (D c ) of relatively small set point vis-à-vis the underside of said chamber, and in that the upper face is maintained during the support of the element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, essentially at the predetermined set distance, in in particular by acting on the servo means as a function of the measurements provided by the aforementioned distance measuring means.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de ce procédé, la distance de consigne séparant la face supérieure de la face inférieure de la chambre, lors d'un support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, est comprise entre environ 20 et environ 80 %, de préférence entre environ 20 et environ 40 % de la distance initiale séparant la face supérieure de la face inférieure de la chambre, en l'absence d'un élément à supporter. Dans le cadre de l'invention, il est préféré d'utiliser un matelas de 20 cm environ et l'enfoncement est d'environ 15 cm, de sorte que la distance (Dc) de consigne est de 5 cm, soit environ 20 % de l'épaisseur ou distance initiale.According to an advantageous embodiment of this method, the set distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber, when supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, is between approximately 20 and approximately 80%, preferably between approximately 20 and approximately 40% of the initial distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber, in the absence of an element to be supported. In the context of the invention, it is preferred to use a mattress of approximately 20 cm and the recess is approximately 15 cm, so that the set distance (D c ) is 5 cm, or approximately 20 % of initial thickness or distance.
Selon un mode de réalisation actuellement préféré du procédé selon l'invention, les moyens de mesure précités comprennent d'une part un élément métallique, avantageusement sous forme d'une feuille mince, placé sous la partie la plus proéminente ou la plus lourde de l'élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, solidaire de la face supérieure de la chambre, coopérant avec au moins un dispositif inductif formant détecteur de position solidaire de la face inférieure de ladite chambre, en particulier en étant disposé sous la face inférieure de ladite chambre.According to a currently preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the aforementioned measuring means comprise on the one hand a metallic element, advantageously in the form of a thin sheet, placed under the most prominent or heaviest part of the element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, integral with the upper face of the chamber, cooperating with at least one inductive device forming position detector integral with the underside of said chamber, in particular by being placed under the underside of said chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, l'enfoncement recherché à ladite distance de consigne de l'élément à supporter a pour conséquence l'obtention d'une pression comprise entre 4 et 40 mbars.According to an advantageous embodiment, the desired insertion at said set distance from the element to be supported has the consequence of obtaining a pressure of between 4 and 40 mbar.
On comprend que grâce à l'invention, le principe de détection de l'enfoncement du corps à supporter est fondamentalement différent des principes de l'art antérieur. Selon le principe de détection de l'enfoncement du corps à supporter de la présente invention, la distance séparant la face supérieure de la face inférieure de la chambre est maintenue essentiellement constante à ladite distance de consigne pendant la durée du support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, et quel que soit son poids, sa position, sa morphologie et, plus précisément encore, son profil morphologique. Ceci assure la meilleure distribution possible du poids sur la face supérieure de la chambre servant au support. Lorsque cette distance est modifiée, les moyens de remplissage ou d'évacuation du fluide de remplissage de la chambre sont actionnés pour remplir ou au contraire évacuer le fluide de remplissage pour modifier la pression de remplissage ou restaurer ladite distance de consigne.It is understood that thanks to the invention, the principle of detection of the depression of the body to be supported is fundamentally different from the principles of the prior art. According to the principle of detection of the depression of the body to be supported of the present invention, the distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber is kept essentially constant at said set distance during the duration of the support of an element to bear, especially the body of a patient, and whatever its weight, position, morphology and, more precisely, its morphological profile. This ensures the best possible distribution of the weight on the upper face of the chamber used for the support. When this distance is modified, the means for filling or evacuating the filling fluid from the chamber are actuated to fill or, on the contrary, evacuate the filling fluid to modify the filling pressure or restore said set distance.
Selon un deuxième aspect, la présente invention couvre également un appareil de support d'un élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient, comprenant un dispositif de support, comprenant au moins une chambre fermée ou à échappement contrôlé, souple, gonflable sous une pression de gonflage initiale prédéterminée réglable ; ladite chambre ayant une face supérieure servant de support de l'élément à supporter, et une face inférieure ; des moyens d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de ladite chambre en fonction de la distance d'enfoncement dans le dispositif support de l'élément à supporter comprenant des moyens de remplissage ou d'évacuation d'un fluide de remplissage; des moyens de mesure de la distance (D) séparant la face supérieure de la chambre relativement à la face inférieure et des moyens de contrôle des moyens d'asservissement de la pression, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'asservissement de la pression de remplissage sont prévus pour asservir la pression initiale à une distance (Dc) prédéterminée de consigne relativement faible de la face supérieure de ladite chambre vis-à-vis de la face inférieure de ladite chambre, et les moyens de contrôle agissant sur les moyens d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de ladite chambre pour maintenir, au cours du support, la distance (D) séparant la face supérieure de la face inférieure de la chambre essentiellement constante.According to a second aspect, the present invention also covers an apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, comprising a support device, comprising at least one closed chamber or with controlled, flexible, inflatable exhaust under an adjustable predetermined initial inflation pressure; said chamber having an upper face serving as a support for the element to be supported, and a lower face; means for controlling the inflation pressure of said chamber as a function of the driving-in distance into the support device of the element to be supported, comprising means for filling or discharging a filling fluid; means for measuring the distance (D) separating the upper face of the chamber relative to the lower face and means for controlling the pressure control means, characterized in that the means for controlling the filling pressure are provided to control the initial pressure at a predetermined distance (D c ) of relatively small setpoint from the upper face of said chamber with respect to the lower face of said chamber, and the control means acting on the means servo-control of the inflation pressure of said chamber to maintain, during the support, the distance (D) separating the upper face from the lower face of the chamber essentially constant.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, les moyens de mesure précités comprennent un élément métallique, avantageusement sous forme d'une mince feuille métallique, solidaire de la face supérieure de la chambre, à l'intérieur de ladite chambre, coopérant avec au moins un élément inductif formant détecteur de position solidaire de la face inférieure de ladite chambre qui peut être disposé à l'intérieur de ladite chambre, intégré à la face inférieure de la chambre, ou solidarisé extérieurement à la face inférieure de la chambre.According to an advantageous embodiment, the aforementioned measuring means comprise a metal element, advantageously in the form of a thin metal sheet, secured to the upper face of the chamber, inside said chamber, cooperating with at least one element. inductive forming position detector integral with the underside of said chamber which can be arranged inside said chamber, integrated into the underside of the chamber, or secured externally to the underside of the chamber.
Les moyens de contrôle précités peuvent avantageusement comprendre une centrale de commande, comprenant avantageusement une unité centrale électronique ou électro-mécanique ayant une mémoire, qui reçoit en permanence ou par intermittence des signaux proportionnels à la valeur de la distance de la face supérieure relativement à la face inférieure de la chambre, transmis par les moyens de mesure précités et qui compare les valeurs mesurées avec la valeur de distance de consigne, et qui commande les moyens d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de la chambre pour aboutir en permanence à une distance mesurée essentiellement égale à la distance de consigne.The aforementioned control means may advantageously include a control unit, advantageously comprising an electronic central unit or electro-mechanical having a memory, which permanently or intermittently receives signals proportional to the value of the distance from the upper face relative to the lower face of the chamber, transmitted by the aforementioned measuring means and which compares the measured values with the value of the set distance, and which controls the means for controlling the inflation pressure of the chamber in order to permanently achieve a measured distance essentially equal to the set distance.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, on peut prévoir plusieurs éléments inductifs formant détecteurs de position répartis sur la face inférieure du dispositif de support.According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is possible to provide several inductive elements forming position detectors distributed on the underside of the support device.
On comprend que grâce à l'invention, on résout les problèmes techniques précédemment énoncés ainsi que les avantages techniques correspondants. En particulier, on obtient en permanence une meilleure distribution de la pression sur la face supérieure de support de la chambre, quel que soit le poids du patient, sa position, sa morphologie et, plus précisément encore, son profil morphologique, en évitant d'arrêter la circulation sanguine, et donc la formation d'escarres. L'invention peut être donc utilisée dans le domaine médical pour le support de patient à des fins thérapeutiques.It will be understood that, thanks to the invention, the previously stated technical problems as well as the corresponding technical advantages are resolved. In particular, a better distribution of the pressure is constantly obtained on the upper support face of the chamber, whatever the patient's weight, position, morphology and, more precisely still, morphological profile, avoiding stop blood circulation, and therefore the formation of bedsores. The invention can therefore be used in the medical field for patient support for therapeutic purposes.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, on peut prévoir au niveau de la zone de l'élément à supporter d'une plus grande masse ou proéminence, en particulier la zone sacrée ou trochantérienne d'un patient, un élément de renforcement permettant de limiter sur cette zone la distance d'enfoncement de la face supérieure de la chambre, par rapport aux autres zones restantes, en tenant ainsi compte de cette zone de masse ou de proéminence supérieure. Cet élément de renforcement peut, par exemple, comprendre un matelas mousse ou un coussin gonflable qui peut être avantageusement de forme lenticulaire.According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is possible to provide, at the level of the zone of the element to be supported with a greater mass or prominence, in particular the sacral or trochanteric zone of a patient, an element of reinforcement making it possible to limit on this zone the driving-in distance of the upper face of the chamber, relative to the other remaining zones, thus taking account of this zone of mass or of greater prominence. This reinforcing element may, for example, comprise a foam mattress or an airbag which may advantageously be of lenticular shape.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, la distance précitée de consigne est comprise entre environ 20 et environ 80 %, de préférence entre environ 20 et environ 40 % de la distance initiale séparant la face supérieure de la face inférieure de la chambre, en l'absence d'un élément à supporter. Par exemple, dans le cas d'un matelas ayant une épaisseur initiale d'environ 20 cm en l'absence d'un corps à supporter, la distance préférée de consigne est d'environ 5 cm, soit environ 20 % de l'épaisseur initiale, ce qui correspond à un enfoncement d'environ 15 cm.According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned setpoint distance is between approximately 20 and approximately 80%, preferably between approximately 20 and approximately 40% of the initial distance separating the upper face from the lower face of the room, in the absence of an element to support. For example, in the case of a mattress having an initial thickness of approximately 20 cm in the absence of a body to be supported, the preferred distance set is approximately 5 cm, or approximately 20% of the initial thickness, which corresponds to a depression of approximately 15 cm.
D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement à un homme de l'art à partir de la description suivante qui va être faite en référence à plusieurs modes de réalisation actuellement préférés de l'invention donnés simplement à titre d'illustration et qui ne sauraient donc en aucune façon limiter la portée de l'invention. Dans les dessins:
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un premier mode de réalisation d'un appareil de support selon la présente invention, comprenant un dispositif de support à chambre unique ;
- la figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation du mode de réalisation de la figure 1, avec un élément de renforcement au niveau de la zone de l'élément à supporter d'une plus grande masse ou proéminence, ici la zone sacrée ;
- la figure 3 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un appareil de support selon la présente invention, dont le dispositif de support comprend plusieurs chambres, ici trois chambres ;
- les figures 4 et 4a représentent le circuit électronique de l'appareil faisant l'objet d'un autre mode de réalisation similaire à celui de la figure 3 mais selon lequel le dispositif de support comprend quatre chambres, les modifications de ce circuit électronique pour les modes de réalisation des figures 1 à 3 étant clairement apparentes à un homme de l'art ;
- la figure 5 représente schématiquement le principe d'un fonctionnement d'un appareil selon l'art antérieur, à savoir EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,873,737 ; et
- la figure 6 représente le principe de fonctionnement d'un appareil selon la présente invention, objet des figures 1 à 4a, en permettant ainsi par simple comparaison des figures 5 et 6 d'observer la différence fondamentale de fonctionnement d'un appareil selon la présente invention.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a first embodiment of a support apparatus according to the present invention, comprising a support device with a single chamber;
- FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 1, with a reinforcing element at the level of the zone of the element to be supported with greater mass or prominence, here the sacred zone;
- FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of a support device according to the present invention, the support device of which comprises several chambers, here three chambers;
- FIGS. 4 and 4a represent the electronic circuit of the apparatus which is the subject of another embodiment similar to that of FIG. 3 but according to which the support device comprises four chambers, the modifications of this electronic circuit for the embodiments of Figures 1 to 3 being clearly apparent to a person skilled in the art;
- Figure 5 schematically shows the principle of operation of an apparatus according to the prior art, namely EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,873,737; and
- 6 shows the operating principle of an apparatus according to the present invention, object of Figures 1 to 4a, thus allowing by simple comparison of Figures 5 and 6 to observe the fundamental difference in operation of an apparatus according to the present invention.
En référence à la figure 1, un appareil de support selon la présente invention est représenté par le numéro de référence général 10. Cet appareil de support permet de supporter un élément, en particulier, comme représenté le corps d'un patient P.With reference to FIG. 1, a support device according to the present invention is represented by the
Cet appareil 10 comprend un dispositif de support proprement dit 12 comprenant au moins une chambre fermée ou à échappement contrôlé 14, souple, gonflable, pouvant par exemple être composée d'une multiplicité de boudins gonflables communicants entre eux, ladite chambre 14 étant gonflable sous une pression de gonflage initiale prédéterminée réglable. Cette chambre 14 présente une face supérieure 15 servant de support de l'élément à supporter P, une face inférieure 16 qui peut, par exemple, reposer sur un sommier (ici non représenté) ou moyens équivalents. L'appareil comprend également des moyens 18 d'asservissement de la pression de remplissage de la chambre 14 en fonction de la distance d'enfoncement dans le dispositif support de l'élément à supporter, par exemple comprenant des moyens de remplissage 20, tels que des moyens de pompage 20 d'un fluide de remplissage de la chambre 14, tel qu'un gaz, en particulier l'air, ou un liquide, en particulier de l'eau, ou des moyens d'évacuation tels qu'une vanne 22.This
Cet appareil comprend aussi des moyens 30 de mesure de la distance D séparant la face supérieure 15 de la chambre relativement à la face inférieure 16.This device also includes
Selon la présente invention, cet appareil est en outre caractérisé en ce que les moyens 18 d'asservissement de la pression de remplissage de la chambre 14 sont prévus pour asservir la pression initiale à une distance (Dc) prédéterminée de référence relativement faible de ladite face supérieure de la chambre vis-à-vis de la face inférieure de la chambre. Ce but est en général obtenu en asservissant la pression à un niveau de pression relativement faible permettant lors du support l'enfoncement de l'élément à supporter, en particulier le corps d'un patient P, profondément pour amener au moins au niveau d'une zone de l'élément à supporter d'une plus grande masse ou proéminence, telle que la zone sacrée B, la face supérieure 15 de la chambre 14 relativement près de la face inférieure 16 de la chambre 15, à une distance Dc de consigne. L'appareil 10 comprend aussi des moyens de contrôle 40 agissant sur les moyens 18 d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de la chambre 14 pour maintenir, au cours du support, la distance D mesurée séparant la face supérieure 15 de la face inférieure 16 de la chambre 14 essentiellement constante, c'est-à-dire essentiellement égale à ou dans une variation acceptable relativement à la distance de consigne Dc.According to the present invention, this device is further characterized in that the
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, les moyens de mesure 30 comprennent un élément métallique 32, avantageusement sous forme d'une feuille mince, solidaire de la face supérieure 15 de la chambre 14, à l'intérieur de ladite chambre 14, comme représenté, coopérant avec au moins un élément inductif 34 formant détecteur de position solidaire de la face inférieure 16 de ladite chambre qui peut être disposé à l'intérieur de ladite chambre 14, intégré à la face inférieure de la chambre 16, ou solidarisé extérieurement à la face inférieure 16 de la chambre 14, comme représenté.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measuring means 30 comprise a
Les moyens de contrôle 40 précités peuvent avantageusement comprendre une centrale de commande 42 comprenant une unité centrale électronique ou électro-mécanique ayant une mémoire, qui reçoit en permanence ou par intermittence des signaux proportionnels à la valeur de la distance mesurée, Dm, de la face supérieure 15 relativement à la face inférieure 16 de la chambre, transmis par les moyens de mesure précités et qui compare les valeurs mesurées avec la valeur de distance de consigne, Dc, et qui commande les moyens 20, 22 d'asservissement de la pression de gonflage de la chambre 14 pour aboutir en permanence à une distance mesurée, Dm, essentiellement égale à la distance de consigne, Dc.The aforementioned control means 40 can advantageously comprise a
Les moyens de contrôle 40 peuvent comprendre un dispositif oscillateur 44 couplé à l'élément inductif 34, tel qu'une bobine d'induction, un dispositif amplificateur 46 dont l'amplification peut être réglée par un dispositif de réglage de consigne 48. L'amplificateur est ensuite couplé à un dispositif de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50 couplé à un dispositif adaptateur 52 dont la sortie est couplée à la centrale de commande 42.The control means 40 may comprise an
Ces moyens de commande 40 sont clairement compréhensibles à un homme de l'art et leur fonctionnement sera décrit ultérieurement après la description de chaque mode de réalisation.These control means 40 are clearly understandable to a person skilled in the art and their operation will be described later after the description of each embodiment.
En référence à la figure 2, on a représenté une variante de réalisation du mode de réalisation de la figure 1 dans laquelle l'élément inductif 34, tel qu'une bobine d'induction, est disposé sur un élément de renforcement 36 disposé au niveau de la zone B de l'élément à supporter P d'une plus grande masse ou proéminence, ici la zone sacrée, afin de limiter sur cette zone B la distance d'enfoncement de la face supérieure 15 de la chambre, par rapport aux zones restantes, en tenant ainsi compte de cette zone de masse ou proéminence supérieure, comme cela est bien compréhensible pour un homme de l'art, notamment en comparant les figures 1 et 2. Cet élément de renforcement 36 peut, par exemple, comprendre un matelas mousse qui peut être avantageusement de forme lenticulaire dont la face convexe est dirigée vers l'élément à supporter, comme représenté. On pourrait également utiliser un élément de renforcement constitué par une autre chambre gonflable à une pression différente.Referring to Figure 2, there is shown an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of Figure 1 in which the
Dans cet esprit, on a représenté à la figure 3 un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un appareil selon la présente invention pour lequel les éléments identiques ou de fonction identique à ceux utilisés à la figure 1 sont référencés par les mêmes numéros de référence augmentés de cent. Selon ce mode de réalisation, au lieu d'utiliser une chambre unique 14, on utilise plusieurs chambres indépendantes, par exemple trois, telles que 114a, 114b, 114c, dont chacune est pourvue de moyens de mesure tels que 130a, 130b, 130c. Dans ce second mode de réalisation, les moyens de mesure tels que 130a, 130b, 130c peuvent comprendre chacun un élément inductif 134a, 134b, 134c ou 134d visible à la figure 4 pouvant être combiné à un élément métallique unique 132 ou éventuellement à plusieurs éléments métalliques. Dans le cadre du mode de réalisation de la figure 3, on utilise un élément métallique unique 132 disposé au niveau de la zone de l'élément à supporter d'une plus grande masse ou proéminence, ici la zone sacrée B.With this in mind, FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention for which the elements identical or of identical function to those used in FIG. 1 are referenced by the same reference numbers increased by hundred. According to this embodiment, instead of using a
De ce fait, à chaque moyen de mesure tel que 130a, 130b, 130c, on associe des moyens de contrôle tels que 140a, 140b, 140c identiques à ceux représentés aux figures 1 et 2. Dans ce cas, les moyens de remplissage 120, tels que des moyens de pompage d'un fluide de remplissage peuvent être connectés à chaque chambre, telle que 114a, 114b, 114c, par une vanne de commande de fermeture ou d'ouverture telle que 124a, 134b, 124c permettant ou arrêtant le gonflage de la chambre. Des vannes individuelles d'évacuation 122a, 122b, 122c peuvent également être prévues pour dégonfler partiellement la chambre 114a, 114b ou 114c pour asservir la pression de gonflage dans chaque chambre à la distance d'enfoncement de l'élément à supporter.Therefore, with each measurement means such as 130a, 130b, 130c, there are associated control means such as 140a, 140b, 140c identical to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, the filling means 120, such as means for pumping a filling fluid can be connected to each chamber, such as 114a, 114b, 114c, by a closing or opening control valve such as 124a, 134b, 124c allowing or stopping the inflation from the room.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, l'élément métallique est avantageusement réalisé sous forme d'une feuille mince qui peut être, par exemple, d'une épaisseur de 10 µm placée à l'intérieur de la chambre 14 ou 114b, entre deux feuilles isolantes de façon à accroître la sensibilité. L'épaisseur de l'élément de support 12 ou 112 peut, par exemple, être de 20 cm. La faible pression initiale de gonflage est avantageusement prévue pour permettre que l'élément à supporter, tel que le corps d'un patient P, s'enfonce profondément dans le dispositif de support formant matelas d'une profondeur constante, par exemple de 15 cm, indépendamment du poids du patient, par exemple que celui-ci varie de 20 à 100 kg, ou de la morphologie ou de la position couchée ou assise du corps du patient P.In the context of the invention, the metallic element is advantageously produced in the form of a thin sheet which can be, for example, with a thickness of 10 μm placed inside the
La faible pression initiale de gonflage pour le support d'un patient pesant environ 75 kg, lors de l'enfoncement d'une profondeur de 15 cm à la partie la plus proéminente, c'est-à-dire la zone sacrée, dans un matelas gonflé à l'air de 20 cm d'épaisseur initiale, est par exemple de 15 à 16 mbars.The low initial inflation pressure for the support of a patient weighing approximately 75 kg, when sinking a depth of 15 cm at the most prominent part, that is to say the sacred area, in a air-filled mattress with an initial thickness of 20 cm, for example from 15 to 16 mbar.
L'élément inductif 34 ou 134a, 134b, 134c peut être formé, par exemple, par une bobine plate alimentée en permanence par une très basse tension de l'ordre de 3V et traversée par un courant de quelques micro-ampères.The
L'élément inductif 34 ou 134a, 134b, 134c, fait partie d'un circuit d'accord LC dont la composante capacitive est de préférence constante, la composante inductive étant modifiée lors d'un déplacement de l'élément métallique 32 ou 132, par exemple en forme de feuille.The
Grâce à cette combinaison de l'élément métallique 32 ou 132 avec le ou les élément(s) inductif(s) 34 ou 134a, b, ou c, toute variation de distance provoquera une variation d'inductance L, au même titre qu'une détection de proximité pour un capteur inductif et désaccordera le circuit oscillateur 44.Thanks to this combination of the
L'élément inductif 34 ou 134a, 134b, 134c, est alimenté en permanence par un courant sinusoïdal de faible tension, par exemple d'environ quelques micro-ampères, et de l'ordre de 3V, ce qui permet de délivrer un courant induit au dispositif oscillateur 44.The
Ainsi, les figures 4 et 4a, on a représenté le schéma du circuit électronique obtenu dans le cadre d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un appareil selon la présente invention, similaire à celui de la figure 3, mais comprenant quatre chambres, et donc quatre éléments inductifs associés 134a, 134b, 134c, 134d.Thus, FIGS. 4 and 4a, there is shown the diagram of the electronic circuit obtained within the framework of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention, similar to that of FIG. 3, but comprising four chambers, and therefore four associated
En référence aux figures 1 à 4, 4a et 6, on observe que le dispositif oscillateur 44 reçoit le courant induit de l'élément inductif 34 ou 134. Le dispositif oscillateur 44 peut, par exemple, osciller sur une fréquence de l'ordre de 4 kHz. Le dispositif oscillateur 44 réalise également une discrimination de fréquence en convertissant une variation de fréquence en une variation de tension grâce à la structure du circuit électronique représenté à la figure 4. La tension délivrée par l'oscillateur 44 étant relativement faible, celle-ci est amplifiée par le dispositif amplificateur 46. En sortie de l'amplificateur 46, le signal de tension est redressé par la diode puis est filtré de manière à ne récupérer que la composante continue du signal. Le dispositif de réglage de consigne 48 est obtenu par l'emploi d'un dispositif comparateur comprenant un amplificateur opérationnel repéré 9, 10, monté en comparateur. Grâce à cette disposition, on obtient un signal proportionnel à la différence entre le signal de mesure fourni par le circuit amplificateur redresseur 46 et la tension de consigne du dispositif de réglage de consigne 48 réglé un potentiomètre P1.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, 4a and 6, it can be seen that the
La sortie du dispositif de réglage de consigne 48 est connectée au dispositif de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50 qui a pour but d'intégrer le signal de manière à ne pas avoir d'effet de pompage ou d'oscillation autour du point de consigne et ceci pour le confort du patient.The output of the
Enfin, la sortie du dispositif de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50 est connectée au dispositif adaptateur 52 que constitue également un amplificateur opérationnel et un potentiomètre P3 qui permet de délivrer un signal de sortie qui peut, par exemple, être de 0,10 volt environ qui peut être envoyé à la centrale de commande 42 qui commande alors les moyens d'asservissement de la pression 20, 22 ou 120, 122, 124 à la distance d'enfoncement de l'élément à supporter par exemple les moyens de pompage 20 ou 120 tels qu'une pompe, permettant de modifier la vitesse d'alimentation en fluide de gonflage, tel que l'air, ou encore de diminuer la pression en commandant la vanne motorisée 22 ou 122a, 122b ou 122c, de manière à l'ouvrir ou à modifier la section d'ouverture.Finally, the output of the integral
En effet, il peut être prévu dans un type de fonctionnement que la chambre 14 ou 114a, 114b, 114c, présente une perte de fluide de gonflage, tel que l'air, constante, les moyens d'alimentation 20 ou 120, tels qu'une pompe, permettant alors d'injecter ou pulser du fluide de gonflage, tel que l'air, en continu ou par intermittence afin de maintenir la pression de gonflage recherchée.Indeed, it can be provided in a type of operation that the
On comprend que dans le cadre de l'invention, et en référence au circuit électronique représenté aux figures 1 à 4a et 6, la distance D, résultant de l'enfoncement du corps du patient P dans le matelas formé par la chambre 14 ou 114, peut être convertie en une tension de consigne de référence qui peut être fixée et ajustée à l'aide du potentiomètre P1 du dispositif 48.We understand that in the context of the invention, and with reference to the electronic circuit shown in Figures 1 to 4a and 6, the distance D, resulting from the depression of the patient's body P in the mattress formed by the
Lorsque la tension du signal fournie par le dispositif amplificateur 46 en fonction de la distance mesurée entre l'élément métallique 32 ou 132 et le ou les éléments inductifs 34, 134a, 134b, 134c ou 134d, est supérieure à la tension de consigne, alors on obtient une tension continue à la sortie du dispositif comparateur qui provoque une augmentation du gonflage de la chambre ou des chambres.When the signal voltage supplied by the
Dans le cas ou la tension du signal est inférieure à la tension de consigne, on obtient alors une tension positive à la sortie du dispositif de réglage de consigne formant comparateur qui commande ensuite une diminution de la pression de gonflage dans la chambre ou les chambres par l'ouverture des vannes correspondantes 22 ou 122 ou une augmentation de l'ouverture lorsque le fonctionnement a lieu selon une perte de fluide constante.In the case where the signal voltage is lower than the setpoint voltage, a positive voltage is then obtained at the output of the setpoint adjustment device forming comparator which then controls a reduction in the inflation pressure in the chamber or chambers by the opening of the corresponding
Naturellement, lorsque les deux tensions sont égales, on obtient une tension nulle à la sortie du comparateur et aucune commande de gonflage ou de dégonflage n'est générée.Naturally, when the two voltages are equal, a zero voltage is obtained at the output of the comparator and no inflation or deflation command is generated.
La présence du dispositif de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50 est importante car ce dispositif permet d'éviter des phénomènes de pompage survenant sur les circuits à rebouclage. Sans le dispositif de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50, le phénomène de pompage apparaît lorsque la pression devient trop faible car le point de consigne se trouve rapidement dépassé et le système d'asservissement donne l'ordre inverse de ralentir le débit, ce qui peut de nouveau faire dépasser le point de consigne. Le phénomène de pompage est ainsi amorcé avec de forts désagréables conséquences pour le patient.The presence of the integral
La boucle de régulation proportionnelle intégrale 50 est amortie par intégration et évaluation rapide de façon à se maintenir en permanence au point de consigne. Par ailleurs, on conçoit que lorsque le dispositif de support ne comprend qu'une seule chambre, comme représenté aux figures 1 et 2, il est préféré de prévoir un élément de renforcement tel que l'élément 36 qui peut être un élément en mousse ou un coussin gonflé permettant de ramener le corps du patient P à l'horizontal tout en mettant une basse pression dans le matelas, comme représenté à la figure 2. L'élément de renforcement 36 est avantageusement utilisé sur les dispositifs de support à chambre unique.The integral
Par contre, dans le dispositif de support multichambres, comme représenté aux figures 3 et 4, respectivement à trois chambres et à quatre chambres, il est plus simple de mettre des points de consigne différents par circuit couplé à chaque élément inductif, tel que 140a, 140b, 140c ou 140d, couplé à l'élément inductifs 134a, 134b, 134c ou 134d (le quatrième élément n'étant pas visible à la figure 3).On the other hand, in the multi-chamber support device, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, with three chambers and four chambers respectively, it is simpler to set different set points by circuit coupled to each inductive element, such as 140a, 140b, 140c or 140d, coupled to the
On comprend ainsi que l'invention permet de résoudre les problèmes techniques précédemment énoncés et d'aboutir aux avantages techniques déterminants décrits.It is thus understood that the invention makes it possible to solve the technical problems previously stated and to achieve the determining technical advantages described.
On conçoit également aisément en comparant les schémas de principe de fonctionnement des figures 5 et 6 respectivement d'un appareil selon l'art antérieur décrit dans EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,173,737 représenté à la figure 5, et un appareil selon la présente invention représenté à la figure 6, que dans le cadre de l'appareil antérieur représenté à la figure 5, le capteur C du dispositif de mesure est basé sur le principe du circuit couplé présentant un couplage électromagnétique indirect du type transformateur et variable, fonction de la distance séparant le primaire P du secondaire S du circuit couplé.It is also easy to conceive by comparing the operating principle diagrams of FIGS. 5 and 6 respectively of an apparatus according to the prior art described in EP-A-0 218 301 = US-A-4,173,737 represented in FIG. 5, and a apparatus according to the present invention represented in FIG. 6, that within the framework of the prior apparatus represented in FIG. 5, the sensor C of the measurement device is based on the principle of the coupled circuit having an indirect electromagnetic coupling of the transformer type and variable, function of the distance separating primary P from secondary S of the coupled circuit.
Par contre, dans le cadre de la présente invention, comme montré à la figure 6, le capteur comprend un élément métallique 32 coopérant avec un élément inductif 34 constituant un élément à part entière d'un oscillateur ce qui résulte lors d'une variation de la distance (D) séparant l'élément métallique 32 de l'élément inducteur 34 en une variation du coefficient de self-induction, modifiant la fréquence de résonance du circuit LC en l'éloignant de la fréquence d'accord de l'oscillateur, ce qui a pour avantage d'entraîner un amortissement du signal délivré à l'amplificateur par l'oscillateur.By cons, in the context of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the sensor comprises a
L'invention couvre toute caractéristique qui apparaît être nouvelle vis-à-vis d'un état de la technique quelconque. En outre, l'invention couvre tous les moyens constituant des équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs diverses combinaisons. Les figures 1 à 4a et 6 font partie intégrante de la présente invention et donc de la description.The invention covers any characteristic which appears to be new with respect to any state of the art. In addition, the invention covers all the means constituting technical equivalents of the means described as well as their various combinations. Figures 1 to 4a and 6 are an integral part of the present invention and therefore of the description.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9404011A FR2718347B1 (en) | 1994-04-06 | 1994-04-06 | Method and apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient allowing support at a controlled depth of penetration. |
| FR9404011 | 1994-04-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0676158A1 true EP0676158A1 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
| EP0676158B1 EP0676158B1 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
Family
ID=9461768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95400627A Expired - Lifetime EP0676158B1 (en) | 1994-04-06 | 1995-03-21 | Method and device for supporting the body of a patient allowing controlled sagging |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5560374A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0676158B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE197757T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE676158T1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2155503T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2718347B1 (en) |
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| WO1998030132A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-16 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for quick inflating of an inflatable bag, particularly a supporting device bag, such as a mattress |
| WO1998041128A1 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for quick substantially complete deflating and emptying of an inflatable chamber, in particular a support device chamber such as a mattress |
| WO1999039613A1 (en) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-12 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an object requiring support, in particular a patient's body with integrated system for dynamic and automatic pressure equalisation |
| FR2782915A1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-10 | Alain Wetterwald | AUTOMATED SAFETY POSITIONING SHELL FOR A SICK |
| EP1964494A1 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-03 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Supporting device such as a mattress comprising at least one solenoid valve for controlling the admission/evacuation of fluid in the mattress compartments |
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| WO1998003835A1 (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1998-01-29 | Support Systems International Industries | Procede et dispositif a self integree dans un pont de mesure |
| WO1998003102A1 (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1998-01-29 | Support Systems International Industries | Patient supporting method and device with a separately inflated heel support portion |
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| FR2751743A1 (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 1998-01-30 | Support Systems International | SELF INTEGRATED METHOD AND DEVICE IN A MEASUREMENT BRIDGE |
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| US6034526A (en) * | 1996-07-23 | 2000-03-07 | Support Systems International Industries | Apparatus for controlling the inflation pressure of a mattress in response to deformation of the mattress using impedance measurement |
| WO1998027850A1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular a patient's body with a support device independent of the control device |
| WO1998027849A1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-07-02 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular a patient's body for maintaining it at a predetermined water line |
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| US6385803B1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 2002-05-14 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an element to be support, in particular the body of a patient, the apparatus having a support device independent from the control device |
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| FR2757377A1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-06-26 | Support Systems International | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING A SUPPORTING ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR THE BODY OF A PATIENT ALLOWING SUPPORT FOR A PREDETERMINED FLOAT LINE |
| WO1998030132A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-16 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for quick inflating of an inflatable bag, particularly a supporting device bag, such as a mattress |
| FR2758259A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-07-17 | Support Systems International | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR QUICK INFLATION OF AN INFLATABLE CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR A CHAMBER OF A SUPPORT DEVICE, SUCH AS A MATTRESS |
| FR2760967A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-25 | Support Systems International | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR QUICK DEFLECTION AND SUBSTANTIALLY TOTAL EMPTYING OF AN INFLATABLE CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR A CHAMBER OF A SUPPORT DEVICE SUCH AS A MATTRESS |
| WO1998041128A1 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for quick substantially complete deflating and emptying of an inflatable chamber, in particular a support device chamber such as a mattress |
| WO1999039613A1 (en) | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-12 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an object requiring support, in particular a patient's body with integrated system for dynamic and automatic pressure equalisation |
| US6094762A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2000-08-01 | Hill-Rom Industries, S.A. | Method and apparatus for supporting an element to be supported, in particular the body of a patient, and having an integrated system for achieving pressure equilibrium dynamically and automatically |
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| FR2782915A1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-10 | Alain Wetterwald | AUTOMATED SAFETY POSITIONING SHELL FOR A SICK |
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| US7849545B2 (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2010-12-14 | Hill-Rom Industries Sa | Control system for hospital bed mattress |
| EP1964494A1 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-03 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Supporting device such as a mattress comprising at least one solenoid valve for controlling the admission/evacuation of fluid in the mattress compartments |
| EP1995502A1 (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2008-11-26 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Pneumatic control valve and energy reserve and support device |
| EP2005929A1 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-24 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Matress support device comprising a heterogeneous inflatable structure |
| WO2009026743A1 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-05 | Han-Chung Hsu | Bed adjusted according to vertebral curve of human |
| EP2050425A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-22 | Hill-Rom Industries SA | Alternative inflation method of a support device with inflatable cells and device for implementing same |
| EP2271296A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-01-12 | Kap Medical | Patient position apparatus and method |
| EP2289476A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-02 | Hill-Rom Industries SA | Lateral tilt device |
| US8429774B2 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2013-04-30 | Hill-Rom Industries Sa | Lateral tilt device |
| US8601622B1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2013-12-10 | Hill-Rom Industries S.A. | Patient support apparatus including a lateral tilt device |
| EP2522255A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | Hill-Rom Industries SA | Device for controlling the humidity and temperature on the surface of a support element |
| US9901499B2 (en) | 2014-01-29 | 2018-02-27 | Roho, Inc. | Cushion immersion sensor |
| EP3228294A1 (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-11 | Hill-Rom Industries SA | Pneumatic support device and control system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE197757T1 (en) | 2000-12-15 |
| FR2718347B1 (en) | 1996-06-28 |
| DE69519487T2 (en) | 2001-06-07 |
| EP0676158B1 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
| US5560374A (en) | 1996-10-01 |
| DE676158T1 (en) | 1996-03-14 |
| ES2155503T3 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
| DE69519487D1 (en) | 2001-01-04 |
| FR2718347A1 (en) | 1995-10-13 |
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