EP0675038A1 - Minesweeping watercraft - Google Patents

Minesweeping watercraft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675038A1
EP0675038A1 EP95104684A EP95104684A EP0675038A1 EP 0675038 A1 EP0675038 A1 EP 0675038A1 EP 95104684 A EP95104684 A EP 95104684A EP 95104684 A EP95104684 A EP 95104684A EP 0675038 A1 EP0675038 A1 EP 0675038A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
electromagnetic core
vehicle according
outer skin
longitudinal axis
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Granted
Application number
EP95104684A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0675038B2 (en
EP0675038B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Ortlepp
Ulrich Stäuble
Horst Becher
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Fr Luerssen Werft GmbH and Co
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Fr Luerssen Werft GmbH and Co
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Application filed by Fr Luerssen Werft GmbH and Co filed Critical Fr Luerssen Werft GmbH and Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
    • B63G7/06—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines of electromagnetic type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle in a monohull form for clearing sea mines, which has its own, remotely controllable movement drive and means for triggering remote detonators of the sea mines, in particular means including an electromagnetic core for generating an electromagnetic field.
  • Fields of this type have little in common with the original signatures of large cargo and warships (so-called target ship signatures), because those original signatures have fewer steep flanks of the field components, non-sinusoidal profiles and generally several zero crossings, which is the case with the dipole-like signature of the known mine clearance vehicle only applies to the less important field component in the x direction (direction of travel).
  • the components of those original signatures also have an overall greater spread with the same absolute amplitude.
  • the invention was therefore based on the object of developing a mine clearing vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that in particular the magnetic field generated by it can be more closely approximated than before to the original signatures of ships which are significant for the attack by mines, for example to the Signatures of larger merchant or warships.
  • this object is achieved in that at least one of the two end exit ends of the electromagnetic core, which essentially extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, is inclined downwards with respect to the vertical.
  • the electromagnetic core is formed by the outer skin of the vehicle.
  • the means for generating the magnetic field are known electromagnetic coils, which are located in a depression in the outer skin of the vehicle. This depression is closed with an amagnetic cover aligned with the outer skin.
  • the outlet ends of the electromagnetic core are designed as pole shoes, in particular, therefore, by a shape that promotes the directed exit of the field lines.
  • These pole pieces can have the shape of hemispheres that are inclined into the water.
  • the longitudinal axis of the electromagnetic core is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle and that both longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane.
  • a less space-consuming variant of this which promotes the desired goal is that the electromagnetic core is bent in a V-shape in its side view, such that the longitudinal axes of the legs of the V-shaped electromagnetic core are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and that all longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane.
  • the electromagnetic core is essentially in the form of a half cylinder and its obliquely extending front end ends are produced by a cut through the half cylinder, the respective means of which point obliquely downwards in the direction of travel of the vehicle and with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle in a common vertical direction Level lies.
  • the measures according to the invention reproduce the above-mentioned original signatures of certain large ships more clearly than was previously possible, with the consequence that greater clearance successes than previously can also be expected in cases of mine closures which can be achieved using particularly intelligent mines.
  • the progress of clearing is further increased if the vehicle is equipped with a functional unit consisting of anodes arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area, an active protective anode also arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area and a controllable generator for applying a voltage to the Anodes exist and / or if a functional unit is provided, which consists of the transmitting part with associated antenna and power supply of at least one sonar device for radiating higher-frequency sound into the water and / or when using a functional unit, which generates a coil arranged on the deck of the vehicle for generating of an electric field.
  • a functional unit consisting of anodes arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area, an active protective anode also arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area and a controllable generator for applying a voltage to the Anodes exist and / or if a functional unit is provided, which consists of the transmitting part with associated antenna and power supply of at least one sonar device for radiating higher-frequency sound into the water and
  • the mine clearing vehicle shown by way of example and schematically in FIG. 4 has a fuselage 10 which has the cross section recognizable in FIG. 2 in all exemplary embodiments.
  • the fuselage 10 has the shape of a half cylinder 12, which is closed in the region of its largest diameter by means of a plate 14.
  • the half cylinder 12 forms the outer skin of the mine clearance vehicle and forms, together with the plate 14 and the plates or pole shoes sealing the sealing front and rear, as described below, a rigid and highly shock-resistant pressure body 16, which in itself can be reinforced by transverse bulkheads, not shown and to which, as can be seen in FIG. 1, a bow 18 and a stern 20 are welded for the production of a boat shape.
  • the pressure body 16 can be provided on its lower side opposite the plate 14 with a material reinforcement 22 which increases the strength and improves the stability of the clearing vehicle.
  • the pressure hull 16, fore and aft ship 18, 20 and any frames and transverse bulkheads of the pressure hull in the exemplary embodiment consist of ferritic shipbuilding steel (mild steel).
  • the body 10 At locations spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the body 10, as shown in FIG. 3, it is provided with depressions 30, in each of which a plurality of electromagnetic coils 32, 34, 36, 38 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the individual magnetic coils are accommodated in individual chambers which are formed by the two outer side walls of the depression 30 and by webs 39, 40, 42 parallel to them. The radial outside of the solenoids are closed by means of an amagnetic cover 44, which lies in the plane of the outer skin of the fuselage 10.
  • the region of the fuselage 10 which has the depression 30 is, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, a separately manufactured part which is welded to the fuselage 10 by means of weld seams 46, 48. 3 that the pressure body 16 is stiffened in the region of the depression 30, but also outside of it, by means of a plurality of frames 50.
  • An essential part of the invention for the optimal replication of the target ship signatures is that at least one, but possibly both, front end ends 60, 62 of the described electromagnetic core is or are inclined downwards with respect to the vertical.
  • Fig. 1 it is indicated very schematically that the drawn, inclined arrangement of the outlet ends 60, 62 leads to an increase in the magnetic field below the fuselage 10 and to a weakening above the fuselage.
  • the use of the outer skin of the vehicle as an electromagnetic core in conjunction with the inclined arrangement of the outlet ends not only leads to an intensification of the magnetic field in the water, but also to a field course-like field course in the field directions x indicated in FIG. 2 (longitudinal axis ), y (horizontal transverse axis) and z (vertical).
  • the target is further optimized by the generation of alternating magnetic alternating fields, such as those generated by the corresponding ones
  • the magnetic coils 32-38 can be supplied using currents of different curve shape, polarity and pulse duration.
  • the electromagnetic core can also be closed off by specially designed pole shoes.
  • the use of hemispherical pole pieces 70, 72 is indicated in FIG. 1 by dotted lines and is illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the schematic illustration. It goes without saying that when the pole shoes 70, 72 according to FIG. 1 are used, the outlet ends 60, 62 shown there are omitted, so that the fuselage 10 then has the hemispherical configuration shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 at least at one end.
  • FIG. 9 shows two variants of pole shoes which are further modified.
  • This pole piece 80 is basically a half cylinder with a cylinder axis 81, which results in the plan view shown in FIG. 10.
  • the half-cylinder of the pole piece 80 is extended, as shown in FIG. 9, in the upper region beyond the cylinder axis 81 so that it can be connected to the essentially semi-cylindrical pressure body 16 and protrudes somewhat downward beyond the underside of the fuselage.
  • the right end of the fuselage 10 in FIG. 9 largely corresponds to the left end; however, the pole piece 82 there, whose cylinder axis 83 corresponds to that of the left pole piece 80, is flattened on its underside, so that the pole piece 82 forms a rectilinear continuation of the underside of the fuselage on its underside, while its semi-cylindrical end face corresponds to that of the pole piece 80.
  • the fuselage 10 of the clearing vehicle which is preferably made of non-magnetic steel or another non-magnetizable material.
  • the structure has a deck house 88, which at that time carried an antenna 90, which is required for remote control of the vehicle.
  • zinc anodes 92 and an active protective anode 94 made of precious metal are attached to the outer skin of the hull 10 within the water, to which a controllable generator 96 is assigned under the vehicle's deck is.
  • Anodes, generator, control for this as well as the associated wiring represent a functional unit.
  • Another functional unit is provided for the optional simulation of hydroacoustic fields, in particular in accordance with the active sonar area of conventional mine-hunting vehicles.
  • This functional unit has a sound transmitter with associated antenna and power supply, which preferably radiates the higher-frequency sound from mine-hunting vehicles into the water.
  • This functional unit is symbolized in FIG. 4 by a transmitting hydrophone 98 in the area of the fuselage 10.
  • the vehicle according to the invention as shown in FIG. 4 has an air coil 100 as a further functional unit on deck and further components, not shown in more detail below the deck of the vehicle, in particular a sine wave generator with a downstream power amplifier, which is connected to air coil 100 in order to prevent the magnetic stray field from To simulate AC consumers on board target ships.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The vehicle has an autonomous, remote-controlled, propulsion drive and a remote mine detonation device, using an electromagnetic core, providing an electromagnetic field. The hull (10) of the vehicle is provided by a half cylinder closed by a flat plate across its max. dia., with each end face (60, 62) of the electromagnetic core contained in the hull angled inwards towards the bottom, relative to the vehicle longitudinal axis. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeug in Einrumpfform zum Räumen von Seeminen, das einen eigenen, fernsteuerbaren Bewegungsantrieb und Mittel zum Auslösen von Fernzündern der Seeminen, insbesondere Mittel einschließlich eines Elektromagnetkerns zum Erzeugen eines elektromagnetischen Feldes aufweist.The invention relates to a vehicle in a monohull form for clearing sea mines, which has its own, remotely controllable movement drive and means for triggering remote detonators of the sea mines, in particular means including an electromagnetic core for generating an electromagnetic field.

Fahrzeuge dieser Art sind seit langem bekannt und im Einsatz. Benutzte man zunächst geschleppte Geräte zur Minenräumung, die mit Mittel zum Auslösen der Zünder der Minen versehen waren, so ging man später dazu über, ferngelenkte Räumboote einzusetzen, die vor einem Lenkfahrzeug entlang der zu räumenden Wasserflächen laufen und Seeminen zur Explosion bringen sollen. Ein solches System ist bei der deutschen Marine unter der Bezeichnung Troika seit vielen Jahren im Einsatz und in der Literatur ausgiebig behandelt worden. Details ergeben sich aus der DE-PS 978 056, deren Inhalt hiermit zum Inhalt der vorliegenden Offenbarung gemacht wird.Vehicles of this type have been known for a long time and are in use. If you first used towed devices for mine clearance, which were equipped with means for triggering the detonators of the mines, then later you went to use remote-controlled clearing boats, which run in front of a steering vehicle along the water surfaces to be cleared and are intended to cause sea mines to explode. Such a system has been in the German Navy for many years under the name Troika Use and have been extensively dealt with in the literature. Details emerge from DE-PS 978 056, the content of which is hereby made the content of the present disclosure.

Die Praxis hat gezeigt, daß zwar die Ausbreitung, nicht jedoch die Stärke der von den bekannten ferngelenkten Fahrzeugen erzeugten Magnetfelder die angenäherte Kreisform haben, wie es in Fig. 3 der DE-PS 978 056 gezeigt ist. Die Feldstärke hat vielmehr eine ausgeprägte Dipolcharakteristik. Die in Fahrtrichtung (x), in horizontal er Richtung quer dazu (y) und in der Vertikalen (z) verlaufenden Amplituden des dipolartigen Feldes sind sehr hoch und haben sehr steile Flanken.Practice has shown that the spread, but not the strength, of the magnetic fields generated by the known remote-controlled vehicles have the approximate circular shape, as shown in FIG. 3 of DE-PS 978 056. Rather, the field strength has a pronounced dipole characteristic. The amplitudes of the dipole field running in the direction of travel (x), in the horizontal direction transverse to it (y) and in the vertical direction (z) are very high and have very steep flanks.

Felder dieser Art haben mit den Original-Signaturen von großen Fracht- und Kriegsschiffen (sogenannte Zielschiffsignaturen) wenig gemeinsam, weil jene Original-Signaturen weniger steile Flanken der Feldkomponenten, nicht-sinusförmige Verläufe und im allgemeinen mehrere Nulldurchgänge aufweisen, was bei der dipolartigen Signatur des bekannten Minenräumfahrzeuges nur für die weniger wichtige Feldkomponente in x-Richtung (Fahrtrichtung) zutrifft. Auch haben die Komponenten jener Original-Signaturen bei gleicher absoluter Höhe der Amplituden eine insgesamt stärkere Spreizung.Fields of this type have little in common with the original signatures of large cargo and warships (so-called target ship signatures), because those original signatures have fewer steep flanks of the field components, non-sinusoidal profiles and generally several zero crossings, which is the case with the dipole-like signature of the known mine clearance vehicle only applies to the less important field component in the x direction (direction of travel). The components of those original signatures also have an overall greater spread with the same absolute amplitude.

Da heutige Minen sehr intelligente Sensoren und Zündmechanismen haben, können sie zunehmend besser unterscheiden zwischen Signaturen von bekannten Minenräumfahrzeugen oder anderen, für einen Angriff weniger bedeutsamen Fahrzeugen und solchen, die ein lohnendes Ziel darstellen. Der Erfindung lag damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Minenräumfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, daß insbesondere das von ihm erzeugte Magnetfeld stärker als bisher an die Originalsignaturen von solchen Schiffen angenähert werden kann, die für den Angriff durch Minen bedeutsam sind, beispielsweise also an die Signaturen größerer Handels- oder Kriegssschiffe.Since today's mines have very intelligent sensors and ignition mechanisms, they can increasingly differentiate better between signatures from known mine clearance vehicles or other vehicles that are less important for an attack and those that represent a worthwhile target. The invention was therefore based on the object of developing a mine clearing vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that in particular the magnetic field generated by it can be more closely approximated than before to the original signatures of ships which are significant for the attack by mines, for example to the Signatures of larger merchant or warships.

Bei einem Fahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens eines der beiden stirnseitigen Austrittsenden des sich im wesentlichen in Richtung der Längsachse des Fahrzeuges erstreckenden Elektromagnetkerns gegenüber der Vertikalen nach unten geneigt ist.In a vehicle of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved in that at least one of the two end exit ends of the electromagnetic core, which essentially extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, is inclined downwards with respect to the vertical.

Bevorzugt wird hierbei, daß der Elektromagnetkern von der Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges gebildet ist. Mit Vorteil sind die Mittel zum Erzeugen des Magnetfeldes an sich bekannte Elektromagnetspulen, welche sich in einer Einsenkung der Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges befinden. Diese Einsenkung ist mit einer amagnetischen Abdeckung fluchtend zur Außenhaut verschlossen. Es wird bevorzugt, daß die Austrittsenden des Elektromagnetkerns als Polschuhe ausgebildet sind, insbesondere also durch eine den gerichteten Austritt der Feldlinien fördernde Form. So können diese Polschuhe die Form von Halbkugeln haben, die in das Wasser hineingeneigt angeordnet sind. Alternativ kann vorgesehen werden, daß die Längsachse des Elektromagnetkerns unter einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der horizontal liegenden Längsachse des Fahrzeuges geneigt ist und daß beide Längsachsen in einer gemeinsamen Vertikalebene liegen. Eine weniger platzaufwendige und das angestrebte Ziel fördernde Variante hiervon besteht darin, daß der Elektromagnetkern in seiner Seitenansicht V-förmig abgeknickt ist, derart, daß die Längsachsen der Schenkel des V-förmigen Elektromagnetkerns gegenüber der horizonal verlaufenden Längsachse des Fahrzeuges nach unten geneigt verlaufen und daß alle Längsachsen in einer gemeinsamen Vertikal ebene liegen.It is preferred that the electromagnetic core is formed by the outer skin of the vehicle. Advantageously, the means for generating the magnetic field are known electromagnetic coils, which are located in a depression in the outer skin of the vehicle. This depression is closed with an amagnetic cover aligned with the outer skin. It is preferred that the outlet ends of the electromagnetic core are designed as pole shoes, in particular, therefore, by a shape that promotes the directed exit of the field lines. These pole pieces can have the shape of hemispheres that are inclined into the water. Alternatively, it can be provided that the longitudinal axis of the electromagnetic core is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle and that both longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane. A less space-consuming variant of this which promotes the desired goal is that the electromagnetic core is bent in a V-shape in its side view, such that the longitudinal axes of the legs of the V-shaped electromagnetic core are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and that all longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane.

Bevorzugt wird, daß der Elektromagnetkern im wesentlichen die Form eines Halbzzylinders hat und dessen schräg verlaufenden stirnseitigen Austrittsenden durch einen Schnitt durch den Halbzylinder erzeugt sind, deren jeweilige Mittel senkrechte in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges schräg nach unten weist und mit der Längsachse des Fahrzeuges in einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Ebene liegt.It is preferred that the electromagnetic core is essentially in the form of a half cylinder and its obliquely extending front end ends are produced by a cut through the half cylinder, the respective means of which point obliquely downwards in the direction of travel of the vehicle and with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle in a common vertical direction Level lies.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Optionen sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous configurations and options are specified in the subclaims.

Wie sich gezeigt hat, werden durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen die oben angesprochenen Original-Signaturen bestimmter großer Schiffe deutlicher nachgebildet, als dies bisher möglich war mit der Konsequenz, daß man mit größeren Räumerfolgen als bisher auch in Fällen von Minensperren rechnen kann, die unter Verwendung von besonders intelligenten Minen gelegt wurden.As has been shown, the measures according to the invention reproduce the above-mentioned original signatures of certain large ships more clearly than was previously possible, with the consequence that greater clearance successes than previously can also be expected in cases of mine closures which can be achieved using particularly intelligent mines.

Zu einer Vergrößerung der Räumerfolge trägt erfindungsgemäß weiterhin bei, wenn das Fahrzeug mit einer Funktionseinheit ausgerüstet ist, die aus an der Fahrzeugaußenhaut im Wasserbereich angeordneten Anoden, einer ebenfalls an der Fahrzeugaußenhaut im Wasserbereich angeordneten aktiven Schutzanode und aus einem regelbaren Generator zum Anlegen einer Spannung an die Anoden besteht und/oder wenn eine Funktionseinheit vorgesehen ist, die aus dem Sendeteil mit zugehöriger Antenne und Stromversorgung mindestens eines Sonargerätes zum Abstrahlen von höherfrequentem Schall in das Wasser besteht und/oder beim Einsatz einer Funktionseinheit, die eine an Deck des Fahrzeuges angeordnete Spule zum Erzeugen eines elektrischen Feldes aufweist.According to the invention, the progress of clearing is further increased if the vehicle is equipped with a functional unit consisting of anodes arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area, an active protective anode also arranged on the vehicle outer skin in the water area and a controllable generator for applying a voltage to the Anodes exist and / or if a functional unit is provided, which consists of the transmitting part with associated antenna and power supply of at least one sonar device for radiating higher-frequency sound into the water and / or when using a functional unit, which generates a coil arranged on the deck of the vehicle for generating of an electric field.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung den Rumpf eines Seeminenräumfahrzeuges, dessen Außenhaut als Elektromagnetkern ausgebildet ist;
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch den Rumpf;
Fig. 3
in vergrößertem Maßstab einen Teil-Längsschnitt durch den Rumpf;
Fig. 4
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Seeminenräumfahrzeuges gemäß der Erfindung;
Fig. 5
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Rumpfes;
Fig. 6
eine abgebrochene Draufsicht auf den Rumpf gemäß Fig. 5;
Fig. 7
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Rumpfes;
Fig. 8
eine abgebrochene Draufsicht auf den Rumpf gemäß Fig. 7;
Fig. 9
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Rumpfes;
Fig. 10
eine abgebrochene Draufsicht auf den Rumpf gemäß Fig. 9.
The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing. This shows in
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of the fuselage of a mine clearance vehicle, the outer skin of which is designed as an electromagnetic core;
Fig. 2
a cross section through the fuselage;
Fig. 3
on an enlarged scale, a partial longitudinal section through the fuselage;
Fig. 4
is a schematic side view of a mine clearance vehicle according to the invention;
Fig. 5
is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the fuselage;
Fig. 6
a broken plan view of the fuselage of FIG. 5;
Fig. 7
is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the fuselage;
Fig. 8
a broken plan view of the fuselage of FIG. 7;
Fig. 9
is a schematic side view of another embodiment of the fuselage;
Fig. 10
9 shows a broken top view of the fuselage according to FIG. 9.

Das in Fig. 4 beispielhaft und schematisch dargestellte Seeminenräumfahrzeug hat einen Rumpf 10, der in allen Ausführungsbeispielen den in Fig. 2 erkennbaren Querschnitt hat. Ausweislich Fig. 2 hat der Rumpf 10 die Gestalt eines Halbzylinders 12, der im Bereich seines größten Durchmessers mittels einer Platte 14 verschlossen ist. Der Halbzylinder 12 bildet die Außenhaut des Seeminenräumfahrzeuges und bildet zusammen mit der Platte 14 und den nachstehend noch beschriebenen, den Halbzylinder vorn und hinten dicht verschließenden Platten oder Polschuhen einen starren und hoch schockfesten Druckkörper 16, der in sich durch nicht dargestellte Querschotten zusätzlich verstärkt sein kann und an den ausweislich Fig. 1 ein Vorschiff 18 sowie ein Hinterschiff 20 zur Herstellung einer Bootsform angeschweißt sind. Ausweislich Fig. 2 kann der Druckkörper 16 auf seiner der Platte 14 gegenüberliegenden - unteren - Seite mit einer Materialverstärkung 22 versehen sein, die die Festigkeit erhöht und die Stabilität des Räumfahrzeuges verbessert. Der Druckkörper 16, Vor- und Hinterschiff 18, 20 sowie eventuelle Spanten und Querschotten des Druckkörpers bestehen im Ausführungsbeispiel aus ferritischen Schiffbaustahl (Flußstahl).The mine clearing vehicle shown by way of example and schematically in FIG. 4 has a fuselage 10 which has the cross section recognizable in FIG. 2 in all exemplary embodiments. 2, the fuselage 10 has the shape of a half cylinder 12, which is closed in the region of its largest diameter by means of a plate 14. The half cylinder 12 forms the outer skin of the mine clearance vehicle and forms, together with the plate 14 and the plates or pole shoes sealing the sealing front and rear, as described below, a rigid and highly shock-resistant pressure body 16, which in itself can be reinforced by transverse bulkheads, not shown and to which, as can be seen in FIG. 1, a bow 18 and a stern 20 are welded for the production of a boat shape. 2, the pressure body 16 can be provided on its lower side opposite the plate 14 with a material reinforcement 22 which increases the strength and improves the stability of the clearing vehicle. The pressure hull 16, fore and aft ship 18, 20 and any frames and transverse bulkheads of the pressure hull in the exemplary embodiment consist of ferritic shipbuilding steel (mild steel).

An in Längsrichtung des Rumpfes 10 beabstandeten Stellen ist dieser ausweislich Fig. 3 mit Einsenkungen 30 versehen, in denen jeweils mehrere Elektromagnetspulen 32, 34, 36, 38 angeordnet sind. Die einzelnen Magnetspulen sind gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 3 in individuellen Kammern untergebracht, welche von den beiden äußeren Seitenwänden der Einsenkung 30 sowie von zu diesen parallelen Stegen 39, 40, 42 gebildet sind. Die radialen Außenseiten der Magnetspulen sind mittels einer amagnetischen Abdeckung 44 verschlossen, welche in der Ebene der Außenhaut des Rumpfes 10 liegt.At locations spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the body 10, as shown in FIG. 3, it is provided with depressions 30, in each of which a plurality of electromagnetic coils 32, 34, 36, 38 are arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the individual magnetic coils are accommodated in individual chambers which are formed by the two outer side walls of the depression 30 and by webs 39, 40, 42 parallel to them. The radial outside of the solenoids are closed by means of an amagnetic cover 44, which lies in the plane of the outer skin of the fuselage 10.

Der die Einsenkung 30 aufweisende Bereich des Rumpfes 10 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 3 ein separat gefertigtes Teil, das mittels Schweißnähten 46, 48 an den Rumpf 10 angeschweißt ist. Im übrigen ist in Fig. 3 deutlich zu erkennen, daß der Druckkörper 16 im Bereich der Einsenkung 30, aber auch außerhalb davon mittels einer Vielzahl von Spanten 50 ausgesteift ist.The region of the fuselage 10 which has the depression 30 is, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, a separately manufactured part which is welded to the fuselage 10 by means of weld seams 46, 48. 3 that the pressure body 16 is stiffened in the region of the depression 30, but also outside of it, by means of a plurality of frames 50.

Die Außenhaut des aus den vielen erwähnten Elementen bestehenden Rumpfes 10 wird erfindungsgemäß als Elektromagnetkern für die verschiedenen Magnetspulen 32 - 38 genutzt, um auf diese Weise eine magnetische Zielschiffsignatur weitgehend originalgetrau nachzubilden, wie es für eine erfolgreiche Minenabwehr notwendig geworden ist. Wesentlicher Bestandteil der Erfindung zur optimalen Nachbildung der Zielschiffssignaturen ist, daß mindestens eine, möglichst aber beide stirnseitigen Austrittsenden 60, 62 des beschriebenen Elektromagnetkerns gegenüber der Vertikalen nach unten geneigt ist bzw. sind. Die Begriffe "unten", "oben", "vorn" und "hinten", die im Rahmen dieser Beschreibung gelegentlich benutzt werden, beziehen sich auf das beschriebene und beanspruchte schwimmende Fahrzeug.The outer skin of the fuselage 10, which consists of the many elements mentioned, is used according to the invention as an electromagnetic core for the various magnetic coils 32-38, in order in this way to reproduce a magnetic target ship signature largely true to the original, as has become necessary for successful mine defense. An essential part of the invention for the optimal replication of the target ship signatures is that at least one, but possibly both, front end ends 60, 62 of the described electromagnetic core is or are inclined downwards with respect to the vertical. The terms "bottom", "top", "front" and "rear", which are used occasionally in the context of this description, refer to the floating vehicle described and claimed.

In Fig. 1 ist sehr schematisch angedeutet, daß die gezeichnete, geneigte Anordnung der Austrittsenden 60, 62 zu einer Verstärkung des magnetischen Feldes unterhalb des Rumpfes 10 und zu einer Schwächung oberhalb des Rumpfes führt. In der Praxis führt aber die Verwendung der Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges als Elektromagnetkern in Verbindung mit der geneigten Anordnung der Austrittsenden nicht nur zu einer Verstärkung des Magnetfeldes im Wasser, sondern auch zu einem Zielschiff-ähnlichen Feldverlauf in den in Fig. 2 angedeuteten Feldrichtungen x (Längsachse), y (horizontale Querachse) und z (Vertikale). Weiterhin optimiert wird das Ziel durch die Erzeugung von alternierenden magnetischen Wechselfeldern, wie sie durch entsprechende Ein Speisung der Magnetspulen 32 - 38 unter Verwendung von Strömen unterschiedlicher Kurvenform, Polarität und Pulsdauer erzielbar sind.In Fig. 1 it is indicated very schematically that the drawn, inclined arrangement of the outlet ends 60, 62 leads to an increase in the magnetic field below the fuselage 10 and to a weakening above the fuselage. In practice, however, the use of the outer skin of the vehicle as an electromagnetic core in conjunction with the inclined arrangement of the outlet ends not only leads to an intensification of the magnetic field in the water, but also to a field course-like field course in the field directions x indicated in FIG. 2 (longitudinal axis ), y (horizontal transverse axis) and z (vertical). The target is further optimized by the generation of alternating magnetic alternating fields, such as those generated by the corresponding ones The magnetic coils 32-38 can be supplied using currents of different curve shape, polarity and pulse duration.

Statt der in Fig. 1 angedeuteten und in den Fig. 7 und 8 schematisch wiederholten plattenförmigen, d. h. in zwei Richtungen ebenen Austrittsenden des Elektromagnetkerns, kann der Elektromagnetkern auch durch speziell gestaltete Polschuhe abgeschlossen werden. So ist in Fig. 1 die Verwendung von halbkugelförmigen Polschuhen 70, 72 durch punktierte Linien angedeutet und in den Fig. 5 und 6 durch die schematische Darstellung verdeutlicht. Es versteht sich, daß bei Verwendung der Polschuhe 70, 72 gemäß Fig. 1 die dort gezeigten Austrittsenden 60, 62 entfallen, so daß der Rumpf 10 dann zumindest an seinem einen Ende die in den Fig. 5 und 6 gezeigte halbkugelförmige Gestaltung hat. Auch hierduch findet eine prinzipielle Verstärkung des elektromagnetischen Feldes innerhalb des Wassers statt, dessen Verteilung aber gegenüber den plattenförmigen Austrittsenden 60, 62 unterschiedlich ist.Instead of the plate-shaped, that is indicated in FIG. 1 and schematically repeated in FIGS. H. Exit ends of the electromagnetic core which are level in two directions, the electromagnetic core can also be closed off by specially designed pole shoes. The use of hemispherical pole pieces 70, 72 is indicated in FIG. 1 by dotted lines and is illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 by the schematic illustration. It goes without saying that when the pole shoes 70, 72 according to FIG. 1 are used, the outlet ends 60, 62 shown there are omitted, so that the fuselage 10 then has the hemispherical configuration shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 at least at one end. Here, too, there is a fundamental amplification of the electromagnetic field within the water, the distribution of which, however, is different compared to the plate-shaped outlet ends 60, 62.

Zwei Varianten von weiterhin abgewandelten Polschuhen zeigt Fig. 9. Eine der gezeigten vorteilhaften Möglichkeiten der Ausbildung eines Polschuhes ist links an den Rumpf 10 gemäß Fig. 9 angesetzt. Dieser Polschuh 80 ist im Grundsatz ein Halbzylinder mit einer Zylinderachse 81, woraus sich die in Fig. 10 gezeigte Draufsicht ergibt. Der Halbzylinder des Polschuhes 80 ist ausweislich Fig. 9 im oberen Bereich über die Zylinderachse 81 hinaus so verlängert, daß er mit dem im wesentlichen halbzylindrischen Druckkörper 16 verbunden werden kann und ragt über die Unterseite des Rumpfes hinaus etwas nach unten.FIG. 9 shows two variants of pole shoes which are further modified. One of the advantageous possibilities shown for the formation of a pole shoe is attached to the fuselage 10 according to FIG. 9 on the left. This pole piece 80 is basically a half cylinder with a cylinder axis 81, which results in the plan view shown in FIG. 10. The half-cylinder of the pole piece 80 is extended, as shown in FIG. 9, in the upper region beyond the cylinder axis 81 so that it can be connected to the essentially semi-cylindrical pressure body 16 and protrudes somewhat downward beyond the underside of the fuselage.

Das in Fig. 9 rechte Ende des Rumpfes 10 entspricht weitestgehend dem linken Ende; jedoch ist der dortige Polschuh 82, dessen Zylinderachse 83 derjenigen des linken Polschuhes 80 entspricht, auf seiner Unterseite abgeflacht, so daß der Polschuh 82 auf seiner Unterseite eine geradlinige Fortsetzung der Unterseite des Rumpfes bildet, während seine halbzylindrische Stirnfläche derjenigen des Polschuhes 80 entspricht.The right end of the fuselage 10 in FIG. 9 largely corresponds to the left end; however, the pole piece 82 there, whose cylinder axis 83 corresponds to that of the left pole piece 80, is flattened on its underside, so that the pole piece 82 forms a rectilinear continuation of the underside of the fuselage on its underside, while its semi-cylindrical end face corresponds to that of the pole piece 80.

Ausweislich Fig. 4 befinden sich auf dem Rumpf 10 des Räumfahrzeuges ein Aufbau 85, der vorzugsweise aus amagnetischem Stahl oder einem anderen nicht magnetisierbaren Material hergestellt ist. Der Aufbau weist ein Deckshaus 88 auf, das seinerzeit eine Antenne 90 trägt, die für die Fernsteuerung des Fahrzeuges benötigt wird.4, there is a structure 85 on the fuselage 10 of the clearing vehicle, which is preferably made of non-magnetic steel or another non-magnetizable material. The structure has a deck house 88, which at that time carried an antenna 90, which is required for remote control of the vehicle.

Zur Nachbildung elektrischer Felder bzw. des elektrischen Potentials zwischen Fahrzeug, Seewasser und den üblichen Korrosionsschutzanoden von Zielschiffen sind an der Außenhaut des Rumpfes 10 innerhalb des Wassers Zinkanoden 92 sowie eine aktive Schutzanode 94 aus Edelmetall angebracht, denen unter Deck des Fahrzeuges ein regelbarer Generator 96 zugeordnet ist. Anoden, Generator, Steuerung hierfür sowie die zugehörige Verkabelung stellen eine Funktionseinheit dar.To simulate electrical fields or the electrical potential between the vehicle, seawater and the usual corrosion protection anodes of target ships, zinc anodes 92 and an active protective anode 94 made of precious metal are attached to the outer skin of the hull 10 within the water, to which a controllable generator 96 is assigned under the vehicle's deck is. Anodes, generator, control for this as well as the associated wiring represent a functional unit.

Eine weitere Funktionseinheit ist zur wahlweisen Nachbildung hydroakustischer Felder, insbesondere entsprechend dem Aktivsonarbereich üblicher Minenjagd-Fahrzeuge vorgesehen. Diese Funktionseinheit weist einen Schallsender mit zugehöriger Antenne und Stromversorgung auf, der bevorzugt den höher frequenten Schall von Minenjagd-Fahrzeugen in das Wasser strahlt. In Fig. 4 ist diese Funktionseinheit durch ein Sendehydrophon 98 im Bereich des Rumpfes 10 symbolisiert.Another functional unit is provided for the optional simulation of hydroacoustic fields, in particular in accordance with the active sonar area of conventional mine-hunting vehicles. This functional unit has a sound transmitter with associated antenna and power supply, which preferably radiates the higher-frequency sound from mine-hunting vehicles into the water. This functional unit is symbolized in FIG. 4 by a transmitting hydrophone 98 in the area of the fuselage 10.

Schließlich weist das erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeug gemäß Fig. 4 als weitere Funktionseinheit an Deck eine Luftspule 100 sowie unter Deck des Fahrzeuges weitere, nicht näher dargestellte Bauelemente auf, insbesondere einen Sinusgenerator mit nachgeschaltetem Leistungsverstärker, der an die Luftspule 100 angeschlossen ist, um das magnetische Streufeld von Wechselstromverbrauchern an Bord von Zielschiffen nachzubilden.Finally, the vehicle according to the invention as shown in FIG. 4 has an air coil 100 as a further functional unit on deck and further components, not shown in more detail below the deck of the vehicle, in particular a sine wave generator with a downstream power amplifier, which is connected to air coil 100 in order to prevent the magnetic stray field from To simulate AC consumers on board target ships.

Es sei abschließend betont, daß die Schiffsdarstellung in Fig. 4, soweit sie von den Rumpfdarstellungen in den übrigen Figuren abweicht, nur beispielhaft zu verstehen ist und nicht andeuten soll, daß ein erfindungsgemäßer Rumpf abweichend von den Darstellungen in den Figuren 1 -3 und 5 - 10 ausgebildet werden sollte.It should finally be emphasized that the ship representation in FIG. 4, insofar as it differs from the hull representations in the other figures, is only to be understood as an example and is not intended to imply that a hull according to the invention differs from the representations in FIGS. 1-3 and 5 - 10 should be trained.

Claims (13)

Fahrzeug in Einrumpfform zum Räumen von Seeminen, das einen eigenen, fernsteuerbaren Bewegungsantrieb und Mittel zum Auslösen von Fernzündern der Seeminen, insbesondere Mittel einschließlich eines Elektromagnetkerns zum Erzeugen eines elektromagnetischen Feldes aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eines der beiden stirnseitigen Austrittsenden (60, 62) des sich im wesentlichen in Richtung der Längsachse (x) des Fahrzeuges erstreckenden Elektromagnetkerns gegenüber der Vertikalen nach unten geneigt ist.Vehicle in monohull form for clearing sea mines, which has its own, remotely controllable movement drive and means for triggering remote detonators of the sea mines, in particular means including an electromagnetic core for generating an electromagnetic field,
characterized in that at least one of the two end ends (60, 62) of the electromagnetic core, which essentially extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis (x) of the vehicle, is inclined downwards with respect to the vertical. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnetkern von der Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges gebildet ist.Vehicle according to claim 1,
characterized in that the electromagnetic core is formed by the outer skin of the vehicle. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Erzeugen des Magnetfeldes Elektromagnetspulen (32 - 28) sind, welche sich in einer Einsenkung (30) der Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges befinden und daß die Einsenkung mit einer magnetischen Abdeckung (44) fluchtend zur Außenhaut verschlossen ist.Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the means for generating the magnetic field are electromagnetic coils (32 - 28) which are located in a depression (30) in the outer skin of the vehicle and in that the depression is closed with a magnetic cover (44) in alignment with the outer skin. Fahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Austrittsenden des Elektromagnetkerns als Polschuhe (z. B. 70, 72) ausgebildet sind.Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the outlet ends of the electromagnetic core are designed as pole shoes (e.g. 70, 72). Fahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polschuhe (70, 72) als in die Wassertiefe geneigte Halbkugeln ausgebildet sind.Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the pole pieces (70, 72) are designed as hemispheres inclined into the water depth. Fahrzeug mindestens nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsachse des Elektromagnetkerns unter einem vorgegebenen Winkel gegenüber der horizontal liegenden Längsachse des Fahrzeuges geneigt ist und daß beide Längsachsen in einer gemeinsamen Vertikal ebene liegen.Vehicle at least according to claim 1,
characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the electromagnetic core is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle and that both longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane. Fahrzeug mindestens nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnetkern in seiner Seitenansicht V-förmig abgeknickt ist, derart, daß die Längsachsen der Schenkel des V-förmigen Elektromagnetkerns gegenüber der horizonal verlaufenden Längsachse des Fahrzeuges nach unten geneigt verlaufen und daß alle Längsachsen in einer gemeinsamen Vertikalebene liegen.Vehicle at least according to claim 1,
characterized in that the electromagnetic core is bent in a V-shape in its side view, such that the longitudinal axes of the legs of the V-shaped electromagnetic core are inclined downwards with respect to the horizontal longitudinal axis of the vehicle and that all longitudinal axes lie in a common vertical plane. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elektromagnetkern im wesentlichen die Form eines Halbzzylinders (12) hat und dessen schräg verlaufende stirnseitige Austrittsenden durch einen Schnitt durch den Halbzylinder erzeugt ist, dessen Mittel senkrechte in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges schräg nach unten weist und mit der Längsachse des Fahrzeuges in einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Ebene liegt.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the electromagnetic core is essentially in the form of a half cylinder (12) and its obliquely extending end ends are produced by a cut through the half cylinder, the center of which points obliquely downwards in the direction of travel of the vehicle and with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle in one common vertical plane. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens einer der Polschuhe (80, 82) die Form eines Halbzylinders hat, der den Abschluß des Elektromagnetkerns bildet und dessen Mittelachse gegenüber der Vertikalen derart geneigt ist, daß die Stärke des nach unten aus dem Halbzylinder austretenden Magnetfeldes größer ist als die Stärke des Magnetfeldes, die nach oben austritt.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that at least one of the pole pieces (80, 82) has the shape of a half-cylinder which forms the end of the electromagnetic core and whose central axis is inclined relative to the vertical such that the strength of the magnetic field emerging downwards from the half-cylinder is greater than that Strength of the magnetic field that emerges upwards. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenhaut des Fahrzeuges im Kielbereich mit einer Materialverstärkung (22) versehen ist.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the outer skin of the vehicle is provided with a material reinforcement (22) in the keel area. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
mit einer Funktionseinheit, die aus an der Fahrzeugaußenhaut im Wasserbereich angeordneten Anoden (92), einer ebenfalls an der Fahrzeugaußenhaut im Wasserbereich angeordneten aktiven Schutzanode (94) und aus einem regelbaren Generator (96) zum Anlegen einer Spannung an die Anoden besteht.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
with a functional unit consisting of anodes (92) arranged on the outer skin of the vehicle in the water area, an active protective anode (94) also located on the outer skin of the vehicle in the water area and of a controllable generator (96) for applying a voltage to the anodes. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
mit einer Funktionseinheit, die aus dem Sendeteil (98) mit zugehöriger Antenne und Stromversorgung mindestens eines Sonargerätes zum Abstrahlen von höherfrequentem Schall in das Wasser besteht.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
with a functional unit consisting of the transmitting part (98) with associated antenna and power supply of at least one sonar device for emitting higher-frequency sound into the water. Fahrzeug nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
mit einer Funktionseinheit, die eine an Deck des Fahrzeuges angeordnete Luftspule (100) zum Erzeugen eines elektrischen Feldes aufweist.Vehicle according to at least one of the preceding claims,
with a functional unit which has an air coil (100) arranged on the deck of the vehicle for generating an electrical field.
EP95104684A 1994-03-31 1995-03-30 Minesweeping watercraft Expired - Lifetime EP0675038B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4411229 1994-03-31
DE4411229A DE4411229A1 (en) 1994-03-31 1994-03-31 Mine clearance vehicle

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EP0675038A1 true EP0675038A1 (en) 1995-10-04
EP0675038B1 EP0675038B1 (en) 1997-08-27
EP0675038B2 EP0675038B2 (en) 2002-08-07

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DE (2) DE4411229A1 (en)
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DE978056C (en) * 1956-09-21 1977-10-06 Ottensener Eisenwerk Gmbh Mine clearance equipment designed as surface craft
US3938459A (en) * 1972-06-26 1976-02-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Minesweeper
EP0308698A1 (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-03-29 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Device for the simulation of ships' hulls in mine-sweeping

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EP0675038B2 (en) 2002-08-07
DK0675038T3 (en) 1997-12-08
DE59500548D1 (en) 1997-10-02
DE4411229A1 (en) 1995-10-05
NL9400808A (en) 1995-11-01
EP0675038B1 (en) 1997-08-27
DK0675038T4 (en) 2002-09-02

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