EP0670078A1 - Dispositif generateur d'images par effet de luminescence - Google Patents
Dispositif generateur d'images par effet de luminescenceInfo
- Publication number
- EP0670078A1 EP0670078A1 EP94900195A EP94900195A EP0670078A1 EP 0670078 A1 EP0670078 A1 EP 0670078A1 EP 94900195 A EP94900195 A EP 94900195A EP 94900195 A EP94900195 A EP 94900195A EP 0670078 A1 EP0670078 A1 EP 0670078A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image
- light
- phosphor
- generating device
- produced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
- H01J31/501—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output with an electrostatic electron optic system
Definitions
- the invention relates to devices producing images under the effect of an excitation of a luminescent screen. It relates more particularly (but not exclusively) to the cathodoluminescent screens of the radiological image intensifier tubes (called in short: IIR tube).
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a conventional radiodiagnostic equipment.
- This equipment includes an X-ray source SX delivering RX radiation to which a patient P is exposed.
- the IIR tube generally comprises a vacuum-tight enclosure 2 closed at one end by an FE entry window through which X-ray radiation penetrates. This X-ray radiation then meets an EE input screen whose function is to translate the intensity of the incident X-ray radiation at each point of its surface, by a number of electrons (not shown).
- the input screen EE generally comprises a scintillator SC associated with a photocathode PhC.
- the scintillator converts X-rays into visible photons which are themselves converted into electrons by the photocathode.
- a DE electrode device accelerates these electrons and focuses them on a cathodoluminescent screen called the ES output screen.
- the exit screen ES is arranged near an exit window FS or exit wall located at the second end of the tube IIR, opposite the entry window FE.
- the impact of the electrons on the ES cathodoluminescent screen makes it possible to reconstruct the image (amplified in luminance) which at the start was formed on the surface of the photocathode PhC of the input screen.
- the exit window FS is a transparent part generally made of glass (or which can also be constituted by a fiber optic device), which can be made for example of an insert on the envelope of the enclosure 2, or even constitute a part of this envelope.
- the exit window FS carries the cathodoluminescent screen ES, which generally consists of a layer of phosphor material. Under these conditions, the visible light image formed by the cathodoluminescent screen ES is visible outside the tube IIR, through the exit window FS.
- the image delivered by the cathodoluminescent output screen ES is generally observed by means of an optical device DO, arranged outside the IIR tube, centered for example on a longitudinal axis 5 of the IIR tube, axis around which the ES cathodoluminescent screen is also centered.
- the radiological imaging system shown in FIG. 1 operates at the television frequency (25 or 30 images / s), with much lower X-ray doses, but the resolution of the details sought. is lower. Due to the low doses of X-rays used, the space-time fluctuation (quantum fluctuation of X-rays) is perceptible in the video image delivered through the radiological imaging system. To attenuate this fluctuation, and improve the quality of the image, it is necessary to operate a temporal integration of the light intensity at each point of the image, to obtain a "smoothing" of the apparent temporal noise. There is obviously a practical compromise between a duration of integration sufficient to reduce the noise, and a duration of integration short enough not to introduce "blurring" around the image of the moving parts (drag effect).
- the present invention proposes to produce by the IIR tube simultaneously at least two visible images, having different remanences, and to select the visible image having the most suitable remanence for the envisaged operating mode (radioscopy or radiography digital).
- the invention proposes on the one hand to produce the luminescent screen of the image generator (or output screen in the case of an IIR tube), using a mixture of at least two phosphor materials which differ both in their remanence and in the frequency range of their spectral emissions.
- the radiation emitted by the luminescent screen is composed by the addition of rays of different spectral composition and remanence, the number of different rays being the same as the number of different phosphor materials.
- the different phosphors being subjected to the same excitation radiation, they emit in response lights corresponding to different spectral bands or "colors" each containing the same image, "each color” corresponding to a different remanence. If care is taken to choose the different emission spectra so that they do not overlap significantly, it then becomes possible to observe an image having the chosen remanence by selecting the color to which it corresponds, at using an optical filter.
- the invention can also be applied to other cases, for example to cathode ray tubes (abbreviated to "TRC”) and in this case the electrons are produced by an electron gun and bombard or excite a mixture.
- TRC cathode ray tubes
- the different phosphor materials which constitute the ESI catholuminescent screen are chosen on the one hand, to emit in the visible with different remanences, and on the other hand to present different emission spectra, that is to say for emit at different wavelengths and therefore at different colors.
- the ESI cathodoluminescent screen produces simultaneously several monochrome images of different colors (as many as there are different phosphor materials to constitute the cathodoluminescent screen) which each reproduce the image initially formed on the photocathode PhC.
- each monochrome image exhibits a different remanence from those presented by monochrome images of another color.
- the images produced by the ESI cathodoluminescent screen are visible outside the IIR tube 10 through the FS output window, and it is then easy to transmit to at least one image detector (or the eye of an observer) of the images having the desired remanence, by favoring the transmission of light having the corresponding color, as is explained further in a continuation of the description.
- the CT image detector is connected to a DV display device and to an ATS signal acquisition and processing device, so as to allow operation either in fluoroscopy mode (fluoroscopy), either in digital radiography mode.
- the CT image detector is constituted for example by a television camera whose sensor (not shown) is of the CCD type so that it does not add remanence to that of the received image.
- the first phosphor material A can for example be in Y 9 O 0 • E (corresponding to phosphorus P56 according to the international reference "JEDEC”), emitting red light centered on the wavelength 0, 620 micrometer, with a remanence or persistence of the order of 1 millisecond, which is suitable in the case of digital radiography.
- JEDEC phosphorus P56 according to the international reference "JEDEC”
- the second phosphor material B can be for example in ZnSiO. This (corresponding to phosphorus P39 according to the international reference "JEDEC"), emitting a green light centered on the wavelength 0, 550 micrometer, with a remanence of the order of 60 milliseconds which is well suited to the case of radioscopy.
- the phosphor materials A and B are generally present at the start in the form of powder, so that the ESI cathodoluminescent screen can be produced for example in a layer in the same manner as in the prior art, except that in the case of the invention, this layer comprises the two powders previously mixed with phosphor materials A and
- the monochrome red and green images being emitted simultaneously, respectively for the phosphors A and B which constitute the cathodoluminescent screen, if an optical filter Fo is interposed in order to let pass selectively one or the other of the red or green rays, it it is possible to transmit only the light whose remanence is best suited to the use of the radiological system towards the television camera CT.
- the ESI cathodoluminescent screen comprises only two different phosphor materials A, B emitting for example respectively in red and green as in the example of FIG. 1, two different remanences can be obtained using a single optical filter Fo, depending on whether the latter is interposed or not.
- the CT camera receives the two red and green monochrome images, the green image having a strong remanence.
- the overall image (given by the superimposition of the red and green monochrome images) can be considered by the eye to be with strong remanence (presenting a low noise), if the percentage of green light is sufficiently large relative to to that of red light. This case therefore corresponds to operation in fluoroscopy mode.
- Such a configuration where two remanences can be successively selected using a single optical filter Fo interposed or not, can be obtained for example with phosphor materials A and B corresponding respectively to type P56 and to type P39 as previously mentioned, mixed in proportions by weight of approximately 10 to 50% for the phosphor A and approximately 50 to 90% for the phosphor B.
- the dosage of the different phosphor materials A, B must also take into account the light output specific to each of these materials.
- the spectral transmission characteristic of the optical filter Fo, and of the spectral radiation characteristics of each of the phosphors it is possible to obtain any desired remanence value, comprised between the remanence values specific to each phosphor materials A, B which constitute the cathodoluminescent screen or ESI output screen.
- the maximum remanence is obtained because the maximum of green light (with strong remanence) reaches the camera CT.
- a wavelength selective optical filter Fo which does not act on red light; but acting on the green light in such a way as to transmit a quantity of it between the maximum and the minimum, the ratio of the light of strong remanence to the light of low remanence is modified in the light received by the CT camera, and we therefore modify the resulting "overall" remanence for the eye.
- At least one optical filter Fo of the colored filter type colored in the example with a red color, and whose thickness E is less than the thickness necessary to completely absorb the light of the other color, namely in the example the green light.
- optical filters acting substantially in the same wavelength range, with similar or different attenuation powers, a choice of possible remanence values is obtained, the number of which is the same as that of different attenuation values capable of being obtained by each of the optical filters and for the combinations of these filters.
- Such a set of optical filters can be constituted for example by separate filters, possibly superimposable to add their attenuation, or even for example by a colored filter Fo whose thickness (and therefore the transmission) varies, gradually or not.
- the thickness E is the maximum thickness of the optical filter Fo, and it makes it possible to attenuate as much as possible the transmission of light not having the color of the filter; this results in the lowest remanence.
- the thicknesses el, e2 which are smaller and smaller with respect to the maximum thickness E respectively represent a first and a second intermediate optical filters Fol, Fo2 which attenuate less and less, and make it possible to obtain two values different remanences, values which are intermediate between the minimum value and the maximum value which it is obtained when no filter is interposed.
Landscapes
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9213969 | 1992-11-20 | ||
FR9213969A FR2698482B1 (fr) | 1992-11-20 | 1992-11-20 | Dispositif générateur d'images par effet de luminescence. |
PCT/FR1993/001120 WO1994013005A1 (fr) | 1992-11-20 | 1993-11-16 | Dispositif generateur d'images par effet de luminescence |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0670078A1 true EP0670078A1 (fr) | 1995-09-06 |
EP0670078B1 EP0670078B1 (fr) | 1998-08-12 |
Family
ID=9435746
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94900195A Expired - Lifetime EP0670078B1 (fr) | 1992-11-20 | 1993-11-16 | Dispositif generateur d'images par effet de luminescence |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5631459A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0670078B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3520518B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69320361T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2698482B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1994013005A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2777112B1 (fr) | 1998-04-07 | 2000-06-16 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | Dispositif de conversion d'une image |
DE10130616C2 (de) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-08-14 | Siemens Ag | Kombiniertes Radiographie- und Fluoroskopiegerät |
CN1643640B (zh) * | 2002-03-28 | 2011-11-23 | 株式会社东芝 | X射线显像管、x射线显像管装置以及x射线装置 |
US20110095995A1 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-04-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Infrared Touchscreen for Rear Projection Video Control Panels |
US9451177B2 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-09-20 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Methods and apparatus for high speed camera |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2195841B1 (fr) * | 1972-08-11 | 1975-03-07 | Thomson Csf | |
AT338963B (de) * | 1974-11-25 | 1977-09-26 | Kretztechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen darstellung von zu ihrer entstehung verschieden lange zeit benotigenden bildern auf dem bildschirm einer kathodenstrahlrohre, insbesondere zur gleichzeitigen darstellung eines ultraschall-schnittbildes und eines elektrokardiogrammkurvenzuges und gerat zur durchfuhrung dieses verfahrens |
US4318122A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-03-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electronic color separation |
JPS6038490A (ja) * | 1983-08-11 | 1985-02-28 | Toshiba Corp | 白色発光混合螢光体及びこれを用いた陰極線管 |
FR2591032B1 (fr) * | 1985-11-29 | 1988-01-08 | Thomson Csf | Photocathode a faible courant d'obscurite |
FR2591033B1 (fr) * | 1985-11-29 | 1988-01-08 | Thomson Csf | Photocathode a rendement eleve |
FR2592217B1 (fr) * | 1985-12-20 | 1988-02-05 | Thomson Csf | Photocathode a amplification interne |
FR2625838B1 (fr) * | 1988-01-13 | 1996-01-26 | Thomson Csf | Scintillateur d'ecran d'entree de tube intensificateur d'images radiologiques et procede de fabrication d'un tel scintillateur |
FR2626106B1 (fr) * | 1988-01-15 | 1990-05-04 | Thomson Csf | Procede de fabrication d'une photocathode pour tube intensificateur d'images |
FR2634057B1 (fr) * | 1988-07-08 | 1991-04-19 | Thomson Csf | Procede de fabrication d'un tube perfectionne intensificateur d'images radiologiques, tube intensificateur ainsi obtenu |
FR2634562B1 (fr) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-09-07 | Thomson Csf | Procede de fabrication d'un scintillateur et scintillateur ainsi obtenu |
NL8801946A (nl) * | 1988-08-04 | 1990-03-01 | Philips Nv | Roentgenbeeldsysteem. |
JPH02170332A (ja) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-07-02 | Toshiba Corp | X線イメージ管 |
FR2647955B1 (fr) * | 1989-05-30 | 1991-08-16 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | Ecran d'entree de tube intensificateur d'image radiologique |
DE69216749T2 (de) * | 1991-10-10 | 1997-07-10 | Philips Electronics Nv | Röntgenuntersuchungseinrichtung |
FR2687007B1 (fr) * | 1992-01-31 | 1994-03-25 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | Tube intensificateur d'image notamment du type a focalisation de proximite. |
FR2688343A1 (fr) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-09-10 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | Tube intensificateur d'image notamment radiologique, du type a galette de microcanaux. |
WO1994002946A1 (fr) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Thomas Jefferson University | Procede et appareil d'imagerie non invasive utilisant des ecrans a base de luminophore extinguible |
-
1992
- 1992-11-20 FR FR9213969A patent/FR2698482B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-11-16 EP EP94900195A patent/EP0670078B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-16 JP JP51283294A patent/JP3520518B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-16 WO PCT/FR1993/001120 patent/WO1994013005A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1993-11-16 DE DE69320361T patent/DE69320361T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-16 US US08/439,873 patent/US5631459A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9413005A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2698482A1 (fr) | 1994-05-27 |
US5631459A (en) | 1997-05-20 |
EP0670078B1 (fr) | 1998-08-12 |
FR2698482B1 (fr) | 1994-12-23 |
DE69320361T2 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
DE69320361D1 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
JPH08503573A (ja) | 1996-04-16 |
WO1994013005A1 (fr) | 1994-06-09 |
JP3520518B2 (ja) | 2004-04-19 |
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