EP0667315B1 - Method and device to limit the load moment of a tower crane - Google Patents
Method and device to limit the load moment of a tower crane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0667315B1 EP0667315B1 EP94113767A EP94113767A EP0667315B1 EP 0667315 B1 EP0667315 B1 EP 0667315B1 EP 94113767 A EP94113767 A EP 94113767A EP 94113767 A EP94113767 A EP 94113767A EP 0667315 B1 EP0667315 B1 EP 0667315B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- measured
- load moment
- jib
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
- B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
- B66C23/905—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment electrical
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for overload protection Tower crane, in which the load and position of the trolley measured and from the product of the load and resulting from the trolley position resulting throat is calculated the load moment and a corresponding overload protection.
- Tower cranes as is known from DE-A-27 38 307, must be equipped with an overload safety device or a load torque limitation be provided to the crane operator when approaching warns of an overload condition in good time or switch off the crane when the maximum permissible load torque is reached. Such overload protections are necessary to prevent damage to avoid crane construction and accidents.
- the hoisting rope force is known, for example, by a load measuring axis loaded with the lifting rope force, that with strain gauges is measured.
- redundant systems can be provided, for example from several strain gauges or from several sensors working in parallel exist.
- the Outreach i.e. the position of the trolley on the boom, can be measured by measuring the speed of the trolley drum or by other known measuring devices for detecting the length of the trolley rope between the trolley and the trolley winch. This then results from the product of load and overhang Load moment.
- Such a calculation of the load torque from the Product of outreach and load may be due to the failure of Sensors and transducers may be inaccurate. Because of Operational safety and to avoid accidents is the accurate recording of the load torque is essential.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for reliable To create detection of the load torque.
- this object is achieved in a method of the beginning specified type solved in that in addition immediately the load torque is measured and compared with the calculated product and when the permissible load torque is exceeded or at Deviation of the measured load torque from the product by one given value a signal is given.
- the method is not limited to the arrangement of redundant ones Sensors that all deliver incorrect values can, but the load torque is independent of each other measured two different methods, one immediately from the deformation of structural parts subjected to the load moment and secondly from the product of throat and load, so that comparing them independently measured values with high accuracy the current Determine the load moment or indicate that a system or both systems for recording and measuring the load torque are faulty is working.
- Deformation is expedient for measuring the load torque at least one corner arm of the boom tip and / or the Tension on the boom guy rope or boom guy linkage measured.
- the product calculated according to the load torque stands out according to the invention in that for measuring the load torque of the Boom the deformation of a corner arm of the boom tip or sensing the tension of the boom guy rope or boom Device is provided and that the computing unit with the calculated product directly compares the measured load torque and if the permissible load torque or a deviation from the calculated Load torque from the directly measured load torque by one emits a predetermined value.
- a monitor or a display device for displaying the measured and / or calculated values provided.
- a warning device is expediently provided, which a Output signal when approaching the maximum permissible load torque.
- the "overload" state is recognized and issued a corresponding warning signal.
- the The crane drives are switched off, and the crane can then move in be driven to its safe state.
- Fig. 1 is a tower crane 1 with the associated load curve evident.
- the load-unloading diagram has an area two constant load, that of the design-related maximum load corresponds. This range of constant load is up to one given projection is valid. With a larger throat takes then the permissible load according to the load curves shown from.
- a discharge sensor 3 is provided, which the projection 4, namely the position of the trolley 5th on the boom 6 of the tower crane 1 measures.
- This discharge sensor is of a known type and can be made with the trolley winch drum coupled tachometer or from a usual Length measuring device exist.
- the load 8 hanging on the hoisting rope 7 is replaced by a conventional one Load measuring axis 9 measured, which is loaded with the load and strain gauges having.
- the measured values are measured lines 12, 13, 14th fed to a central processing unit 15.
- the central rake15 calculated from the signals of the outreach and the load the product corresponding to the load moment.
- the central processing unit 15 forms from the measurement signal of the load torque sensor 10, the load torque. Both values are together compared, and in the event of an impermissible deviation these values from each other are given a signal.
- the central unit 15 generates a signal when the measured load moments result in values that are outside of those in the Central unit stored load curve for the respective crane type lie.
- the measured load torque deviates from the calculated load torque From or the "overload” state is recognized, the drives the crane is switched off, and the crane can then be placed in a safe Condition.
- the measured values of the load torque are displayed on a monitor or a display device 17 is displayed.
- the lowering depth of the load, the unloading by moving the trolley 5 and the boom rotation are based on a control panel, by a control lever 18 in the usual way controlled.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überlastsicherung eines Turmdrehkrans, bei dem die Last und die Stellung der Laufkatze gemessen und aus dem Produkt der Last und der sich aus der Laufkatzenstellung ergebenden Ausladung das Lastmoment errechnet wird, und eine entsprechende Überlastsicherung.The invention relates to a method for overload protection Tower crane, in which the load and position of the trolley measured and from the product of the load and resulting from the trolley position resulting throat is calculated the load moment and a corresponding overload protection.
Turmdrehkräne, wie aus der DE-A-27 38 307 bekannt ist, müssen mit einer Überlastsicherung oder einer Lastmomentbegrenzung versehen sein, die den Kranführer bei der Annäherung des Krans an einen Überlastzustand rechtzeitig warnt oder bei Erreichen des höchstzulässigen Lastmoments den Kran abschaltet. Derartige Überlastsicherungen sind notwendig, um Schäden an der Krankonstruktion und Unfälle zu vermeiden.Tower cranes, as is known from DE-A-27 38 307, must be equipped with an overload safety device or a load torque limitation be provided to the crane operator when approaching warns of an overload condition in good time or switch off the crane when the maximum permissible load torque is reached. Such overload protections are necessary to prevent damage to avoid crane construction and accidents.
Die Hubseilkraft wird in bekannter Weise beispielsweise durch eine mit der Hubseilkraft belastete Lastmeßachse, die mit Dehnungsmeßstreifen versehen ist, gemessen. Zur Absicherung der Messung können redundante Systeme vorgesehen werden, die beispielsweise aus mehreren Dehnungsmeßstreifen oder aber auch aus mehreren parallel zueinander arbeitenden Meßaufnehmern bestehen. Die Ausladung, also die Stellung der Laufkatze auf dem Ausleger, läßt sich durch Messung der Drehzahl der Katzfahrtrommel oder durch andere bekannte Meßgeräte zur Erfassung der Länge des Katzfahrseils zwischen der Laufkatze und der Katzfahrwinde erfassen. Aus dem Produkt von Last und Ausladung ergibt sich sodann das Lastmoment. Eine derartige Errechnung des Lastmoments aus dem Produkt von Ausladung und Last kann aber wegen des Ausfalls von Sensoren und Meßwertaufnehmern ungenau sein. Aus Gründen der Betriebssicherheit und zur Vermeidung von Unfällen ist aber die genaue Erfassung des Lastmoments unabdingbar.The hoisting rope force is known, for example, by a load measuring axis loaded with the lifting rope force, that with strain gauges is measured. To secure the measurement redundant systems can be provided, for example from several strain gauges or from several sensors working in parallel exist. The Outreach, i.e. the position of the trolley on the boom, can be measured by measuring the speed of the trolley drum or by other known measuring devices for detecting the length of the trolley rope between the trolley and the trolley winch. This then results from the product of load and overhang Load moment. Such a calculation of the load torque from the Product of outreach and load may be due to the failure of Sensors and transducers may be inaccurate. Because of Operational safety and to avoid accidents is the accurate recording of the load torque is essential.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren zur zuverlässigen Erfassung des Lastmoments zu schaffen.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for reliable To create detection of the load torque.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs angegebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß zusätzlich unmittelbar das Lastmoment gemessen und mit dem errechneten Produkt verglichen und bei Überschreiten des zulässigen Lastmoments oder bei Abweichung des gemessenen Lastmoments von dem Produkt um einen vorgegebenen Wert ein Signal abgegeben wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beschränkt sich nicht nur auf die Anordnung redundanter Meßaufnehmer, die sämtlich unzutreffende Werte liefern können, sondern das Lastmoment wird unabhängig voneinander auf zwei verschiedene Methoden gemessen, nämlich einmal unmittelbar aus der Verformung von mit dem Lastmoment beaufschlagten Konstruktionsteilen und zum anderen aus dem Produkt von Ausladung und Last, so daß sich aus einem Vergleich dieser unabhängig voneinander gemessenen Werte mit hoher Genauigkeit das aktuelle Lastmoment bestimmen oder aber erkennen läßt, daß ein System oder beide Systeme zur Erfassung und Messung des Lastmoments fehlerhaft arbeitet.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a method of the beginning specified type solved in that in addition immediately the load torque is measured and compared with the calculated product and when the permissible load torque is exceeded or at Deviation of the measured load torque from the product by one given value a signal is given. The invention The method is not limited to the arrangement of redundant ones Sensors that all deliver incorrect values can, but the load torque is independent of each other measured two different methods, one immediately from the deformation of structural parts subjected to the load moment and secondly from the product of throat and load, so that comparing them independently measured values with high accuracy the current Determine the load moment or indicate that a system or both systems for recording and measuring the load torque are faulty is working.
Zweckmäßigerweise werden zur Messung des Lastmoments die Verformung mindestens eines Eckstiels der Auslegerspitze und/oder die Spannung des Auslegerabspannseils oder des Auslegerabspanngestänges gemessen. Deformation is expedient for measuring the load torque at least one corner arm of the boom tip and / or the Tension on the boom guy rope or boom guy linkage measured.
Eine Überlastsicherung eines Turmdrehkrans mit Einrichtungen zur Messung der Last und der Stellung der Laufkatze und einer Recheneinheit, die aus der gemessenen Last und der gemessenen Ausladung das dem Lastmoment entsprechende Produkt errechnet zeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch aus, daß zur Messung des Lastmoments des Auslegers eine die Verformung eines Eckstiels der Auslegerspitze oder die Spannung des Auslegerabspannseils oder -gestänges erfassende Einrichtung vorgesehen ist und daß die Recheneinheit das errechnete Produkt mit dem unmittelbar gemessenen Lastmoment vergleicht sowie bei Überschreiten des zulässigen Lastmoments oder einer Abweichung des errechneten Lastmoments von dem unmittelbar gemessenen Lastmoment um einen vorgegebenen Wert ein Signal abgibt.An overload protection of a tower crane with facilities for Measurement of the load and the position of the trolley and an arithmetic unit from the measured load and the measured outreach The product calculated according to the load torque stands out according to the invention in that for measuring the load torque of the Boom the deformation of a corner arm of the boom tip or sensing the tension of the boom guy rope or boom Device is provided and that the computing unit with the calculated product directly compares the measured load torque and if the permissible load torque or a deviation from the calculated Load torque from the directly measured load torque by one emits a predetermined value.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Monitor oder eine Anzeigeeinrichtung zur Darstellung der gemessenen und/oder errechneten Werte vorgesehen. Eine Beobachtung des Monitors ermöglicht es dem Kranführer zu jeder Zeit zu erkennen, wie weit der Kran noch von der zulässigen Belastungsgrenze entfernt ist. Weiterhin kann der Kranführer durch Beobachtung des Monitors beurteilen, ob die beiden voneinander unabhängigen Systeme zur Messung bzw. Bestimmung des Lastmoments zuverlässig arbeiten.In a further embodiment of the invention is a monitor or a display device for displaying the measured and / or calculated values provided. An observation of the monitor enables the crane operator to see how far at any time the crane is still away from the permissible load limit. The crane operator can also monitor the monitor assess whether the two mutually independent systems for Work and measure the load torque reliably.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist eine Warneinrichtung vorgesehen, die ein Signal bei Annäherung an das höchstzulässige Lastmoment abgibt.A warning device is expediently provided, which a Output signal when approaching the maximum permissible load torque.
Erreicht das Lastmoment Werte, die außerhalb der Lastkurve liegen, oder stimmt das gemessene Lastmoment nicht mit dem errechneten Lastmoment überein, wird der Zustand "Überlast" erkannt und ein entsprechendes Warnsignal abgegeben. Gleichzeitig werden die Antriebe des Krans abgeschaltet, und der Kran kann sodann in seinen sicheren Zustand gefahren werden. If the load torque reaches values that lie outside the load curve, or does the measured load torque not match the calculated one? Load torque, the "overload" state is recognized and issued a corresponding warning signal. At the same time, the The crane drives are switched off, and the crane can then move in be driven to its safe state.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In dieser zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht eines Turmdrehkrans mit zugehöriger Lastkurve und
- Fig. 2
- ein Blockbild der erfindungsgemäßen Überlastsicherung.
- Fig. 1
- a side view of a tower crane with associated load curve and
- Fig. 2
- a block diagram of the overload protection according to the invention.
Aus Fig. 1 ist ein Turmdrehkran 1 mit zugehöriger Lastkurve ersichtlich. Das Last-Ausladungs-Diagramm weist einen Bereich zwei konstanter Last auf, die der konstruktionsbedingten Höchstlast entspricht. Dieser Bereich konstanter Last ist bis zu einer vorgegebenen Ausladung gültig. Bei größerer Ausladung nimmt sodann die zulässige Last entsprechend den dargestellten Lastkurven ab.From Fig. 1 is a tower crane 1 with the associated load curve evident. The load-unloading diagram has an area two constant load, that of the design-related maximum load corresponds. This range of constant load is up to one given projection is valid. With a larger throat takes then the permissible load according to the load curves shown from.
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, ist ein Ausladungssensor 3 vorgesehen,
der die Ausladung 4, nämlich die Stellung der Laufkatze 5
auf dem Ausleger 6 des Turmdrehkrans 1 mißt. Dieser Ausladungssensor
ist bekannter Art und kann aus einem mit der Katzfahrwindentrommel
gekuppelten Drehzahlmesser oder aus einem üblichen
Längenmeßgerät bestehen.1, a
Die an dem Hubseil 7 hängende Last 8 wird durch eine übliche
Lastmeßachse 9 gemessen, die mit der Last belastet ist und Dehnungsmeßstreifen
aufweist.The
Zur unmittelbaren Messung des Lastmoments ist ein Lastmomentsensor
10 vorgesehen, der die Verformung eines Eckstiels der Turmspitze
11 erfaßt.There is a load torque sensor for direct measurement of the
Die gemessenen Werte werden über Meßwertleitungen 12, 13, 14
einer zentralen Recheneinheit 15 zugeführt. Die zentrale Rechen15
errechnet aus den Signalen der Ausladung und der Last
das dem Lastmoment entsprechende Produkt.The measured values are measured
Weiterhin bildet die zentrale Recheneinheit 15 aus dem Meßsignal
des Lastmomentsensors 10 das Lastmoment. Beide Werte werden miteinander
verglichen, und bei einer unzulässigen Abweichung
dieser Werte voneinander wird ein Signal gegeben.Furthermore, the
Weiterhin erzeugt die Zentraleinheit 15 ein Signal, wenn die
gemessenen Lastmomente Werte ergeben, die außerhalb der in der
Zentraleinheit abgelegten Lastkurve für den jeweiligen Krantyp
liegen.Furthermore, the
Weicht das gemessene Lastmoment von dem errechneten Lastmoment ab oder wird der Zustand "Überlast" erkannt, werden die Antriebe des Krans abgeschaltet, und der Kran kann sodann in einen sicheren Zustand zurückgeführt werden.The measured load torque deviates from the calculated load torque From or the "overload" state is recognized, the drives the crane is switched off, and the crane can then be placed in a safe Condition.
Die gemessenen Werte des Lastmoments werden auf einem Monitor oder einer Anzeigeeinrichtung 17 angezeigt.The measured values of the load torque are displayed on a monitor or a display device 17 is displayed.
Die Senktiefe der Last, die Ausladung durch Verfahren der Laufkatze
5 und die Drehung des Auslegers werden, ausgehend von
einem Steuerpult, durch einen Steuerhebel 18 in üblicher Weise
gesteuert.The lowering depth of the load, the unloading by moving the trolley
5 and the boom rotation are based on
a control panel, by a
Claims (5)
- Method for the overload control of a tower slewing crane wherein the load (8) and the position of the crane trolley (5) are measured and the load moment is calculated from the product of the load (8) and the length of jib (4) resulting from the position of the crane trolley,
characterized in
that in addition the load moment is measured directly and compared with the calculated product, and that a signal is transmitted when the permissible load moment is exceeded or when the measured load moment differs from the product by a predetermined value. - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the measurement of the load moment the deformation of at least one corner post of the jib tip (11) and/or the tension of the jib anchoring rope or of the jib anchoring pole is measured.
- Overload control for a tower slewing crane (1) comprising means (3, 9) for measuring the load (8) and the position of the crane trolley (5) and a calculating unit (1) calculating the product which corresponds to the load moment from the measured load (8) and the measured length of jib (4),
characterized in
that, for the measurement of the load moment of the jib (6), a means (10) for detecting the deformation of a corner post of the tower tip (11) or the tension of the jib anchoring rope or the jib anchoring pole is provided, and that the calculating unit compares the calculated product with the directly measured load moment and outputs a signal when the permissible load moment is exceeded or when the calculated load moment differs from the directly measured load moment by a predetermined value. - Overload control according to claim 3, characterized in that a monitor or a display unit (17) is provided for displaying the measured and/or calculated values.
- Overload control according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a warning device is provided which outputs a signal when the maximum permissible load moment is approached.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4404107 | 1994-02-09 | ||
| DE4404107 | 1994-02-09 | ||
| DE4417608A DE4417608A1 (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-05-19 | Method and device for limiting the load torque of a tower crane |
| DE4417608 | 1994-05-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0667315A1 EP0667315A1 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
| EP0667315B1 true EP0667315B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
Family
ID=25933681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94113767A Expired - Lifetime EP0667315B1 (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-09-02 | Method and device to limit the load moment of a tower crane |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0667315B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2123695T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015171409A1 (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-11-12 | The Crosby Group LLC | System and method of measurement, identification and analysis of material lifting products using remote monitoring |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202015001023U1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-05-10 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | crane |
| DE202015001024U1 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-05-10 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Crane with monitoring device for monitoring the overload protection |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2738307A1 (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-03-08 | Koepp Elektronik Gmbh | Electronic monitoring system for crane - evaluates load moment signal fed to threshold device connected to motor control |
| DE2816536C2 (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1983-06-23 | Wilhelm 5020 Frechen König | Crane with a maximum load or load torque fuse |
| US4752012A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-06-21 | Harnischfeger Corporation | Crane control means employing load sensing devices |
-
1994
- 1994-09-02 EP EP94113767A patent/EP0667315B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-02 ES ES94113767T patent/ES2123695T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015171409A1 (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-11-12 | The Crosby Group LLC | System and method of measurement, identification and analysis of material lifting products using remote monitoring |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2123695T3 (en) | 1999-01-16 |
| EP0667315A1 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
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