EP0666811A1 - Smoke control system for ships - Google Patents

Smoke control system for ships

Info

Publication number
EP0666811A1
EP0666811A1 EP93924872A EP93924872A EP0666811A1 EP 0666811 A1 EP0666811 A1 EP 0666811A1 EP 93924872 A EP93924872 A EP 93924872A EP 93924872 A EP93924872 A EP 93924872A EP 0666811 A1 EP0666811 A1 EP 0666811A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
fire
sections
control system
smoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93924872A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Örjan GÖTMALM
Gary BERGSTRÖM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Secretary of State for Defence
ABB Technology FLB AB
Original Assignee
UK Secretary of State for Defence
ABB Flaekt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Secretary of State for Defence, ABB Flaekt AB filed Critical UK Secretary of State for Defence
Publication of EP0666811A1 publication Critical patent/EP0666811A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a smoke control system for ships with at least two, by bulkheads and decks, from each other isolated sections, which system includes at least one fan unit, air distributors for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air from said sections, ducts that connect the fan unit and the distributors with each other and at least one fire detector arranged in each section.
  • the invention also includes a procedure for fire-fighting on board ships.
  • a fire on board a passenger ship often causes that many people are exposed to mortal danger. Unless the seat of fire can be fought immediately in a successful way, large quantities of poisonous and hot smoke will be produced. Evacuation of passenger must take place very quick and effective, so that they will not be injured by the smoke.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a control system that actively can prevent the spreading of combustion gases in ships.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by means for selective generation of a forced flue gas extraction from one or several sections in the ship, and means for an selective increase of the atmospheric pressure in other sections.
  • the procedure according to the invention is characterized in that the ordinary air conditioning system's flow and pressure in exhaust air ducts are reversed by detection of a state of fire, and that flow and pressure in the intake air ducts are kept at such levels so that spreading of smoke through them, from one accommodation to another, is prevented.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically, in block form, a smoke control system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 and 3 show schematically a passenger ship's dividing into different smoke protection zones and the use of the control system at two different state of fire
  • Fig. 2 and 3 show schematically a passenger ship's dividing into different smoke protection zones and the use of the control system at two different state of fire
  • Fig. 4 shows in perspective a section through a passenger ship with a smoke control system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows the systems that are parts of a smoke control system according to the invention, that are supervised by an control unit, by means of a display 10 or control panel located, e.g. at the captain's bridge.
  • the sub-systems are divided into two main groups 11, 12, of which the first-mentioned may comprise fire detectors 13, sprinkler systems/alarm sirens 14, fireproof doors 15 and smoke hatches 16, which different sub-systems are normally used for detection of presence of fire and to minimize the damages from a fire.
  • the other group may include flue gas resistant high- capacity fans 17, air conditioning units 18, mechanical ventilation 19, fire- and fluorohalocarbon resin ("Halon”) dampers 20 and remote-controlled ventilation distributors 21 for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air.
  • Halon fire- and fluorohalocarbon resin
  • the air conditioning units are connected to the ventilation distributors 20, 21 via separate ducts for intake- and exhaust air.
  • the smoke control system may include the supervision unit 10, the fire detectors 13, the air conditioning units 18 and the air distributors 20, 21.
  • the air conditioning units must be provided with protective agents, so that they can resist the hot flue gases during the duration of the fire.
  • protective agents can for instance include means for injection of a refrigerant, e.g. water or intake of cold air for cooling through air flushing.
  • heat resistant isolated cables should be used for feeding of electric current and for signal cables.
  • this smoke control system is controlled (see Fig. 2 and 3) in such a way that the air conditioning units is made to draw air out from the fire protection zone in which the presence of fire has been detected, in Fig. 2 it is in the engine room 22 of the ship, so that a negative pressure arises in this fire protection zone.
  • the ventilation system in the remaining parts of the ship is short-circuited, so that intake air is supplied both via the intake air duct and the exhaust air duct.
  • a positive pressure arises in the remaining parts of the ship and the smoke is prevented from being transmitted further from the zone on fire via the ventilation system to the remaining parts of the passenger ship.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates how a continuous fire in a cabin in another part of the ship, e.g. cabin 23, influences the operation control of the ventilation system.
  • the invention is shown in its most advantageous form with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the ship has been provided with separate duct systems 24 for evacuation of flue gases.
  • These ducts reach from the damper provided air distributor 25 up to the special high-speed fans 26, encased against heat, for forced extraction of hot flue gases.
  • the ducts 24 extends in the main parallel with the air conditioning units' 18 intake air- and exhaust air ducts 27a respective 27b, via the next to the stairwell 28 provided vertical trunks 29 to each cabin deck, and to the endings of the passages 30 that connects two nearby stairwells horizontally.
  • this smoke control system is controlled so that the ventilation system is short-circuited, so that intake air is supplied both through the intake air duct 27a and the exhaust air duct 27b to other parts of the ship, i.e. also specially to the zone on fire.
  • a negative pressure is generated only in this section by means of the high-speed fans 26.
  • the ducts 24 can also partly be formed of the vertical trunks 29, which simplifies the draw of ducts.
  • the stairwell 28 is at the same time put under positive pressure by the ventilation system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A smoke control system for ships with at least two sections (22, 23), isolated from each other by bulkheads and decks. The system includes at least one fan unit (17; 18), air distributors (20, 21) for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air from said sections, ducts (24) that connect the fan unit and the air distributors with each other and at least one fire detector (13) arranged in each section. A release of state of alert via a supervision unit (10) selectively generates a forced flue gas extraction from one or several sections in the ship and increases selectively the atmospheric pressure in other sections. The smoke control system includes extra, normally inactive exhausting points (25) for flue gas, arranged individually or in groups within each section which are selectively possible to activate via the supervision unit (10). The ordinary air conditioning system's flow and pressure in the exhaust air duct are reversed by detection of a state of fire. Flow and pressure in the intake air duct are kept at such levels so that spreading of smoke through them is prevented, from one accommodation to another.

Description

SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR SHIPS
TECHNICAL AREA The present invention refers to a smoke control system for ships with at least two, by bulkheads and decks, from each other isolated sections, which system includes at least one fan unit, air distributors for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air from said sections, ducts that connect the fan unit and the distributors with each other and at least one fire detector arranged in each section. The invention also includes a procedure for fire-fighting on board ships.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A fire on board a passenger ship often causes that many people are exposed to mortal danger. Unless the seat of fire can be fought immediately in a successful way, large quantities of poisonous and hot smoke will be produced. Evacuation of passenger must take place very quick and effective, so that they will not be injured by the smoke.
On board a passenger ship, 158 people were killed in 1989 in a fire. Almost all these people were killed due to inhalation of hot, toxic gas. This gas makes it difficult to find evacuation ways and also makes the attempts to reach and fight the seat of fire more difficult.
The progress in the area of fire safety on board ships move in direction of making the sprinkler systems more effective, so that these better manage to fight a fire.
However, fires occur that are the works of incendiaries on board passenger ships. In such cases there is a risk that the sprinkler nozzles near the fire are sabotaged. If the fire is produced by means of an inflammable liquid, the sprinkler system's capacity to put out the fire is also reduced. THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control system that actively can prevent the spreading of combustion gases in ships.
THE SOLUTION
For this purpose the device according to the invention is characterized by means for selective generation of a forced flue gas extraction from one or several sections in the ship, and means for an selective increase of the atmospheric pressure in other sections. The procedure according to the invention is characterized in that the ordinary air conditioning system's flow and pressure in exhaust air ducts are reversed by detection of a state of fire, and that flow and pressure in the intake air ducts are kept at such levels so that spreading of smoke through them, from one accommodation to another, is prevented.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described hereinafter with reference to an embodiment that is shown in the enclosed drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 shows schematically, in block form, a smoke control system according to the invention, Fig. 2 and 3 show schematically a passenger ship's dividing into different smoke protection zones and the use of the control system at two different state of fire, and
Fig. 4 shows in perspective a section through a passenger ship with a smoke control system according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT
Fig. 1 shows the systems that are parts of a smoke control system according to the invention, that are supervised by an control unit, by means of a display 10 or control panel located, e.g. at the captain's bridge. The sub-systems are divided into two main groups 11, 12, of which the first-mentioned may comprise fire detectors 13, sprinkler systems/alarm sirens 14, fireproof doors 15 and smoke hatches 16, which different sub-systems are normally used for detection of presence of fire and to minimize the damages from a fire. The other group may include flue gas resistant high- capacity fans 17, air conditioning units 18, mechanical ventilation 19, fire- and fluorohalocarbon resin ("Halon") dampers 20 and remote-controlled ventilation distributors 21 for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air.
The air conditioning units are connected to the ventilation distributors 20, 21 via separate ducts for intake- and exhaust air.
In its most simple form the smoke control system may include the supervision unit 10, the fire detectors 13, the air conditioning units 18 and the air distributors 20, 21. Thereby the air conditioning units must be provided with protective agents, so that they can resist the hot flue gases during the duration of the fire. These protective agents can for instance include means for injection of a refrigerant, e.g. water or intake of cold air for cooling through air flushing. Besides, heat resistant isolated cables should be used for feeding of electric current and for signal cables.
In case of fire, this smoke control system is controlled (see Fig. 2 and 3) in such a way that the air conditioning units is made to draw air out from the fire protection zone in which the presence of fire has been detected, in Fig. 2 it is in the engine room 22 of the ship, so that a negative pressure arises in this fire protection zone. At the same time the ventilation system in the remaining parts of the ship is short-circuited, so that intake air is supplied both via the intake air duct and the exhaust air duct. Hereby a positive pressure arises in the remaining parts of the ship and the smoke is prevented from being transmitted further from the zone on fire via the ventilation system to the remaining parts of the passenger ship.
Fig. 3 illustrates how a continuous fire in a cabin in another part of the ship, e.g. cabin 23, influences the operation control of the ventilation system.
The invention is shown in its most advantageous form with reference to Fig. 4. In this embodiment of the invention the ship has been provided with separate duct systems 24 for evacuation of flue gases. These ducts reach from the damper provided air distributor 25 up to the special high-speed fans 26, encased against heat, for forced extraction of hot flue gases. The ducts 24 extends in the main parallel with the air conditioning units' 18 intake air- and exhaust air ducts 27a respective 27b, via the next to the stairwell 28 provided vertical trunks 29 to each cabin deck, and to the endings of the passages 30 that connects two nearby stairwells horizontally.
In case of fire this smoke control system is controlled so that the ventilation system is short-circuited, so that intake air is supplied both through the intake air duct 27a and the exhaust air duct 27b to other parts of the ship, i.e. also specially to the zone on fire. At the same time, a negative pressure is generated only in this section by means of the high-speed fans 26.
The ducts 24 can also partly be formed of the vertical trunks 29, which simplifies the draw of ducts.
To prevent introduction of smoke from the zone on fire into the stairwell, the stairwell 28 is at the same time put under positive pressure by the ventilation system.
Through use of the invention in passenger ships, will it be possible to use the fireproof doors for evacuation of people and for fire fighting, i.e. the fireproof doors do not need to be locked.
The invention is not limited to the above described embodiments, instead more variants are conceivable within the scoop of the following claims.

Claims

1. Smoke control system for ships with at least two, by bulkheads and decks, from each other isolated sections (22, 23), which system includes at least one fan unit (17; 18), air distributors (20, 21) for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air from said sections, ducts (24) that connect the fan unit and the air distributors with each other and at least one fire detector (13) arranged in each section, that by release of state of alert via a supervision unit (10) selectively generates a forced flue gas extraction from one or several sections in the ship and selectively increases the atmospheric pressure in other sections, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i , that the smoke control system includes additional, normally inactive evacuation points (25) for flue gas, arranged individual or in groups within each section and selectively possible to activate via the supervision unit (10).
2. Control system according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i , that the fan unit (17; 18) includes means for injection of a refrigerant on the fan's intake side.
3. Control system according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n, that the supervision unit (10) communicates with at least one flue gas resistant high-capacity fan (17), with mechanical ventilation (18, 19) and with controllable air distributors (20, 21).
4. Control system according to any of claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n, that the supervision unit (10) communicates with in the ship arranged fire detectors (13), sprinkler system (14), alarm sirens, releasable fireproof doors (15) and smoke hatches (16).
5. Procedure for fire-fighting on board ships with at least two, by bulkheads and decks, from each other isolated sections (22, 23), which ship is provided with a ventilation system comprising at least one fan unit (17, 18) and air distributors (20, 21), which normally are used for supply of fresh-air respective evacuation of consumed air from said sections, and ducts (24, 27) that connect the fan unit and the air distributors with each other, whereby the atmospheric pressure is partly reduced through forced flue gas extraction from the section(s) where the fire has got a grip, and partly is increased in at least the nearest surrounding sections, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n, that the ordinary air conditioning system's flow and pressure in the exhaust air duct (27b) is reversed by detection of a fire, and that flow and pressure in the intake air duct (27a) are kept at such levels so that spreading of smoke through them is prevented, from one accommodation to another.
6. Procedure according to claim 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n, that normally inactive exhausting points (25), possible to select individually or in groups, is activated for forcing extraction of flue gases from the section(s) the fire has got a grip of.
EP93924872A 1992-11-04 1993-11-03 Smoke control system for ships Withdrawn EP0666811A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9203299A SE500553C2 (en) 1992-11-04 1992-11-04 Smoke control system for ships and fire fighting procedures on board ships
SE9203299 1992-11-04
PCT/SE1993/000920 WO1994010031A1 (en) 1992-11-04 1993-11-03 Smoke control system for ships

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0666811A1 true EP0666811A1 (en) 1995-08-16

Family

ID=20387713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93924872A Withdrawn EP0666811A1 (en) 1992-11-04 1993-11-03 Smoke control system for ships

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0666811A1 (en)
AU (1) AU5437794A (en)
FI (1) FI951974A (en)
SE (1) SE500553C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1994010031A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1100577C (en) * 1996-04-22 2003-02-05 清水建设株式会社 Smoke ejecting control system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19825420C2 (en) 1998-06-06 2000-03-30 Hartmut Ewald Process and device for smoke and heat extraction and for operating ventilation for traffic structures and rooms
EP1014008A3 (en) * 1998-12-21 2003-05-28 Hübler Sicherheit und Service GmbH Smoke ventilation system
DE19904428C2 (en) * 1999-02-04 2001-05-31 Axel Kretzschmar Mechanical smoke and heat exhaust system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1479793A (en) * 1975-04-02 1977-07-13 Kg Smoke Dispersal Ltd Fire safety systems
GB2193890A (en) * 1986-07-04 1988-02-24 George Alfred Forbes Method and system for inhibiting the spread of combustion products in marine or building structures
US4765231A (en) * 1987-03-23 1988-08-23 Aniello Michael J Smoke exhausting air conditioning system
US4944216A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-07-31 Mccutchen Wilmot R Building emergency exhaust fan system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9410031A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1100577C (en) * 1996-04-22 2003-02-05 清水建设株式会社 Smoke ejecting control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI951974A0 (en) 1995-04-26
FI951974A (en) 1995-05-04
AU5437794A (en) 1994-05-24
SE9203299L (en) 1994-05-05
SE9203299D0 (en) 1992-11-04
SE500553C2 (en) 1994-07-11
WO1994010031A1 (en) 1994-05-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6676081B2 (en) System for extinguishing and suppressing fire in an enclosed space in an aircraft
US4765231A (en) Smoke exhausting air conditioning system
KR100875763B1 (en) Hypoxic fire prevention and fire suppression systems with breathable fire extinguishing compositions for human occupied environments
US6478672B1 (en) Method and device for extracting fumes and heat and for providing operational for traffic structures and enclosed traffic spaces
JP2003530922A (en) Low Oxygen Concentration Fire Prevention and Fire Suppression Systems and Respirable Fire Extinguishing Compositions in Manned Environments
US5702299A (en) Method and installation for removing smoke from a monitored space
AU668394B2 (en) Installation for fighting fire
JP2004008566A (en) Disaster prevention equipment for vehicle
CA2123705A1 (en) Installation for fighting fire
US5848652A (en) Engine fire extinguishment system
US5016715A (en) Elevator cab fire extinguishing system
KR20070020266A (en) Fire protection
WO1994010031A1 (en) Smoke control system for ships
EP0360584A2 (en) Elevator cab fire extinguishing system
KR100706889B1 (en) Fire suppression system of electric railcar
JP2001346896A (en) Extinguishing apparatus for passenger airplane
GB2032773A (en) Fire control method and system
WO2011039157A2 (en) Safety system for road tunnels in case of fire
RU97113945A (en) PREVENTION FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM OF TANKS, MILITARY BACKGROUNDS
JPS62711B2 (en)
WO2002058794A9 (en) Fire protection system
GB2103483A (en) A system for inhibiting the spread of fire in a building structure
GB2391807A (en) Apparatus for suppressing fires
Mayday Safety Topics: Protection Against Fire and Smoke
RU2217685C2 (en) Tank

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950509

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT NL PT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19960513

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19961126