EP0656454B1 - Serrure avec des gâchettes plattes et une combinaison modifiable - Google Patents

Serrure avec des gâchettes plattes et une combinaison modifiable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0656454B1
EP0656454B1 EP94118920A EP94118920A EP0656454B1 EP 0656454 B1 EP0656454 B1 EP 0656454B1 EP 94118920 A EP94118920 A EP 94118920A EP 94118920 A EP94118920 A EP 94118920A EP 0656454 B1 EP0656454 B1 EP 0656454B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combination
bolt
key
pin
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94118920A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0656454A1 (fr
Inventor
Deo Errani
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CISA SpA
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CISA SpA
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Publication date
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B21/00—Locks with lamelliform tumblers which are not set by the insertion of the key and in which the tumblers do not follow the movement of the bolt e.g. Chubb-locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B35/00—Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor
    • E05B35/08—Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor operable by a plurality of keys
    • E05B35/083—Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor operable by a plurality of keys with changeable combination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lock with flat tumblers and changeable combination.
  • Locks with flat tumblers and changeable combination are known in the art, for example from British patent no. 2,081,796, from International Application WO91/02871, from Italian patent Appln. no. 67729A/90, and from German patent no. 565,027.
  • the tumblers oscillate with respect to a fulcrum and changing the combination consists in varying the extent of said oscillation, for example by moving the tumblers with respect to the fulcrum.
  • a principal aim of the present invention is now to provide a lock with flat tumblers and changeable combination that allows to obviate the above described drawbacks.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates the faceplate of the lock casing which furthermore comprises the bottom 2, which is surrounded by a peripheral wall composed of the walls 3, 4, and 5, which are respectively referenced as upper, rear, and lower wall with reference to the drawing for the sake of convenience in description.
  • the reference numeral 6 designates the cover that closes the casing.
  • the rectangular opening 7 is formed in the faceplate 1, and the bolt 8 protrudes outside through said opening, is slideable in the direction A, and extends inside the casing with the tang 9.
  • the tang 9 is constituted by a flat bar which is less thick than the bolt 8 and lies on the centerline plane of said bolt.
  • the tang 9 has, along its lower edge, multiple teeth 10 which form a rack on which the key acts to move the bolt.
  • Two slots 11 and 12 are formed in the tang 9 and are elongated in the direction A; a threaded bush 13 engages in the first slot and rises from the bottom 2 of the casing to which it is fixed.
  • the bush 13 allows to guide the bolt during its sliding and acts, together with other bushes 14, 15, and 16, as engagement element for the screws by means of which the cover 6 is fixed so as to close the lock casing.
  • An equal number of flat tumblers is arranged on either side of the tang 9; one tumbler, generally designated by the reference numeral 17, is shown in the drawing.
  • each tumbler 17 is composed of a rectangular part 18 and of a part 19 having a composite shape.
  • the part 18 is hereinafter referenced as “changing strip” owing to its combination-changing function, as specified hereinafter, whereas the part 19 is termed “blocking lamina” owing to its ability to block the sliding of the bolt 8.
  • the strip 18 has two slots 20 and 21 which are elongated in the direction B, at right angles to the direction A, and has a lower end 22 which is shaped so that it can be engaged by the web of a key 23 with double serrations which is inserted through an opening 26 of the bottom 2 or of the cover 6 of the casing and lifts the strip in the direction B.
  • One edge of the strip 18 is straight, lies parallel to the slots 20 and 21, and has a set of teeth 24 suitable to mesh with a set of teeth 25 formed on a contiguous edge of the lamina 19.
  • the lamina 19 comprises a central portion 27 which is rectangular and extends along the direction A; two rectangular wings 28 and 29 extend upwardly and downwardly from said central portion, and slots 30 and 31 are formed in said wings; said slots are elongated in a direction that is parallel to the slots 20 and 21.
  • the slots 30 and 31 are engaged by the bushes 13 and 16 so that the laminae 19 can only move in the direction B.
  • An opening 32 is formed in the central portion 27 of each lamina and is elongated in the direction A; a series of teeth 33 protrudes from the upper longitudinal edge of said opening and determines the combination of the lock together with a second series of teeth 34 which lies opposite and protrudes from the lower edge of the opening 32.
  • the teeth 33 form gaps between them which have a square shape and allow to engage between said teeth a pin 35 having a square cross-section and protruding on either sides of the tang 9 to which it is rigidly coupled.
  • the teeth 33 of each tumbler have alternately identical heights which are however different from the height of the teeth of the adjacent tumbler.
  • the oppositely arranged ends of the upper teeth 33 and of the lower teeth 34 furthermore form a passage that allows the pin 35 to pass between the oppositely arranged teeth when the tumblers are actuated by the key 23.
  • the lamina 19 is completed by two notches 36 and 37 which are formed on the edge of the wing 28 which lies opposite to the set of teeth 25 and at the end of the opening 32 towards which the pin 35 moves when the bolt 8 is pushed out of the lock.
  • the tumblers 17 lie between two plates 38 and 39: the plate 38 is adjacent to the bottom 2 of the casing and is referenced to as “lower plate”, whereas the other plate 39 (see figure 3) is referenced to as "upper plate” as it is meant to make contact with the cover 6. Since the plates 38 and 39 are identical, their details are described hereinafter with reference only to the lower plate 38 which, as shown by figures 1 and 2, substantially duplicates the profile of the tumblers 17.
  • the plates 38 and 39 in fact include a central portion 40 from which an expansion 41 extends upwards and from which an expansion 42 extends downwards.
  • the plates 38 and 39 are mutually fixed (at a distance that is equal to the thickness of the tumblers 17 and of the tang 9) by means of screws that engage in spacer bushes 43 and 43a which are driven through the slots 20 and 21 of the strips 18 of the tumblers.
  • the mutual fixing of the plates 38 and 39 also secures a square pin 44 located between the expansions 41 in the vicinity of the wings 28 of the blocking laminae 19 but above the notch 37.
  • the plates 38 and 39 are suitable to perform small horizontal movements in the direction A when changing the combination of the lock.
  • slots 45, 46 and 47, 48 are formed in the expansions 41 and 42 of the plates 38 and 39 and at the opposite ends of the central portion 40; said slots are elongated in the direction A and are suitable to be engaged respectively by the bushes 13 and 16 used to guide the laminae 19 vertically and by pins 49 and 50 protruding inwardly from the bottom 2 and from the cover 6.
  • the height of the pins 49 and 50 does not exceed the thickness of the plates 38 and 39, so as to avoid protruding into the space between the plates 38 and 39 and so as to avoid interfering with the strips 18 and the laminae 19 of the tumblers.
  • a tab 51 extends from each expansion 41 towards the upper wall 3 for mounting a support 52 for multiple spring-loaded pins 53; each pin 53 acts on a corresponding strip 18 and is thus capable of pushing the tumblers 17 downwardly to move and keep the pin 35 in engagement position between the upper teeth 33 and thus block the movement of the bolt 8.
  • Respective longitudinal recesses 54 are formed in the lower plate 38 and in the upper plate 39 at the pin 35 (see figures 4 and 5); these recesses allow the pin 35 to slide, and their length matches the length of the openings 32 of the tumblers.
  • the recesses 54 of the lower plate 38 and of the upper plate 39 furthermore have, at the region where the teeth 24 and 25 mutually engage, a recess 55 which is shaped so as to form, in each plate 38 and 39, a tooth 56 which is located opposite to the notch 36 and is suitable to be struck by the pin 35 when the bolt 8 has extended fully out of the lock casing.
  • a lever 57 is accommodated in the recess 55 of the lower plate 38 and is articulated to a pivot 58 rigidly coupled to the bottom 2.
  • the lever 57 is thus co-planar with respect to the plate 38, has a thickness that does not exceed the thickness of the plate 38, and is L-shaped, with an arm 59 that extends horizontally and a vertical arm 60.
  • the vertical arm 60 is shaped at its end so that it is in contact with the rear flank of the tooth 56, i.e. on the side opposite to the one where the pin 35 acts.
  • the horizontal arm 59 instead has a cam 61 suitable to cooperate with the pin 35, as more clearly shown hereinafter.
  • An identical lever 57 is also accommodated in the recess 55 of the upper plate 39 and is articulated in the cover 6 and thus cooperates with the pin 35. Said lever, however, is not shown in the drawings.
  • Each user has a key that is used for normal opening and closing operations, and an auxiliary key, hereinafter referenced to as "combination-changing key" since it is used to change the combination.
  • the first user of course has a combination-changing key which he does not need to change the combination, since the combination of the lock has been set in the factory.
  • this combination-changing key (hereinafter referenced to as "old combination-changing key") must be stored in order to allow subsequent combination changing. Said combination changing can be performed, for example, when a new user of the lock wishes to prevent the previous user from opening the lock.
  • the new combination entails the use of a new combination-changing key and of a new normal key.
  • the old combination-changing key only allows to prepare the tumblers for combination changing, which is performed with the new combination-changing key as follows.
  • the old combination-changing key is inserted and turned, acting on the tumblers 17 to raise them to the level at which the notches 36 and 37 face the pins 35 and 44.
  • the notches 36 lie above the teeth 56.
  • the lock is now ready to be operated with the new normal key, which has such a profile that when the tumblers 17 are raised the passage formed between the opposite teeth 33 and 34 is aligned with the pin 35 to allow the turn strokes of the bolt.
  • the combination-changing key allows the bolt to perform the stroke for separating the strips 18 from the laminae 19 at a level that is set by the notches 36 and 37. Said level thus becomes a combination variable together with the profile of the combination-changing key.
  • this higher precision in strip movement can be obtained by providing, on the tooth 10 that performs the last turn (i.e. outward stroke) of the bolt 8 (see figures 6 and 7), a tab 62 on which the old combination-changing key C, by rotating in the direction F, can act with a central portion D of its web.
  • the height of the portion D is such that said portion passes below the end of the teeth 10, so that the contact point of the key on the tab 62 with respect to the rotation axis of the key has a smaller radius than it would have if the key acted on the flank of the tooth as in the embodiment of figures 1-5.
  • the lever 63 has, at the end that lies opposite to the fulcrum 63a, a lug 64 that lies at right angles to the plane of oscillation of said lever and engages in a recess 65 formed in at least one of the lower expansions 42 of the plates 38 and 39.
  • the recess 65 forms a supporting tooth 66 and an engagement tooth 67.
  • a spring 68 acts on the lever 63 and tends to lift it so as to move the lug 64 into engagement position behind the tooth 67.
  • the lever 63 has, in the region below the opening 26 for the key, an expansion 69 that extends upwards and in which there is a curved slot 70 whose center of curvature lies at the fulcrum 63a.
  • a pin 71 engages in the slot 70 and keeps the lever 63 guided in its plane, preventing it from shifting laterally. According to what has been shown by the above description, in normal operating conditions the plates 38 and 39 are blocked in their movement by the abutment of the pin 44 against the expansions 28 of the laminae 19, and the spring 68 keeps the lever 63 in the raised position in which the lug 64 lies outside the recess 65.
  • the plates 38 and 39 by moving from the position shown in dashed lines in figure 6 to the position shown in solid lines, cause the insertion of the lug 64 in the recess 65, so that when the combination-changing key is returned to the extraction position the lug 64, by virtue of the action of the spring 68, rises and engages behind the tooth 67, retaining the plates 38 and 39 and preventing them from performing, as a consequence of accidental impacts, movements that might make the set of teeth 24 mesh with the set of teeth 25, blocking the lock.
  • both the new combination-changing key and the old combination-changing key must have portions D that have the same height and can pass below the teeth 10.
  • the actuation of the incorrect key causes the abutment of the lug 64 on the supporting tooth 66 and blocks the rotation of the key because said incorrect key has a central portion that is higher than the portion D of the combination-changing keys in order to be able to act on the actuation teeth 10.
  • the user can thus notice the mistake he has made and replace the wrong key with the right one before the sets of teeth 24 and 25 are moved so as to mutually mesh, blocking the lock.
  • a secondary plate 72 (see Figure 8) is used instead of the oscillating lever 63; said secondary plate is guided beneath the opening 26 by the engagement of the pins 73 and 74 in slots 75 and 76 that allow the secondary plate to slide in the direction B.
  • the secondary plate is actuated by a spring 77 that rests on the wall 5 so as to move the top part 78 to the level for cooperating with the webs of the combination-changing and actuation keys and allow a lateral tooth 79 to engage in the recess 65 according to what has been described above with reference to figures 6 and 7.
  • the described lock perfectly achieves the intended aim and objects.
  • a considerable advantage resides in the fact that regardless of the combination that has been set, the strips 18 abut against the bushes 43 and 43a when the key is not inserted in the lock, so that the lower edges of the ends 22, on which the serrations of the key act, all remain at the same level, making it impossible to decipher the combination by detecting the tumblers through the opening 26.

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Serrure ayant des gorges plates et une combinaison pouvant être changée, comportant un corps analogue à une boíte (2-6) qui reçoit de manière coulissante un pêne (8) muni d'une queue (9) qui a des dents (10) pour déplacer le pêne par l'intermédiaire d'une clé d'actionnement ayant des dentelures d'attaque doubles, ladite queue (9) comportant aussi un axe transversal (35) qui vient en prise dans des ouvertures (32) des gorges (17) qui s'étendent dans la direction (A) le long de laquelle le pêne (8) coulisse et ont, le long de leurs bords longitudinaux, des dents agencées de manière opposée (33) qui forment des passages à travers lesquels ledit axe (35) avance par tours successifs, caractérisée en ce que chaque gorge (17) est constituée d'une première partie (19), qui est munie desdites ouvertures (32) et est guidée à angle droit sur ladite queue (9) entre une position destinée à bloquer ledit pêne (8), dans laquelle ledit axe (35) vient en prise entre les dents (33) de ladite ouverture (32), et une position destinée au coulissement du pêne (8), dans laquelle ledit axe (35) peut coulisser à travers lesdits passages, et une seconde partie (18), qui est montée entre deux plaques (38, 39) qui sont reliées mutuellement de manière rigide et sont guidées dans une direction qui est parallèle à la direction de coulissement (A) dudit pêne (8), en ce que lesdites secondes parties (18) sont guidées entre lesdites plaques (38, 39) parallèlement auxdites premières parties (19) et peuvent être actionnées par l'intermédiaire de moyens formant clé ayant des dentelures d'attaque doubles, en ce que lesdites premières et secondes parties (18, 19) de chaque gorge (17) ont des ensembles de dents mutuellement opposées (24, 25) qui sont adaptées pour engrener les unes avec les autres afin de maintenir lesdites parties (18, 19) reliées dans une direction (B) qui se trouve à angle droit par rapport au pêne (8) ; en ce qu'au moins une (38) desdites plaques (38, 39) a une cavité (54) qui permet à l'axe (35) du pêne (8) de coulisser librement et forme une dent de butée (56) pour ledit axe (35) lorsque le pêne (8) fait entièrement saillie à partir dudit corps analogue à une boíte (2-6), la serrure étant telle qu'une première clé (C) de changement de combinaison desdits moyens formant clé est adaptée pour lever les gorges (17) jusqu'à une position dans laquelle ledit axe (35) est en avant d'une encoche (36) qui est positionnée à un niveau différent par rapport auxdits passages entre les dents (33), la première clé (C) de changement de combinaison agissant ainsi sur la queue (9) du pêne (8) de manière à déplacer ledit axe (35) de sorte qu'il agisse sur ladite dent de butée (56) et par conséquent déplace lesdites plaques (38, 39) jusqu'à une position dans laquelle les ensembles de dents (24, 25) des premières et secondes parties (18, 19) sont mutuellement libérés ; la serrure étant en outre telle qu'une seconde clé (C1) de changement de combinaison parmi lesdits moyens formant clé, en agissant sur ladite seconde partie (18) des gorges (17), les lève par la suite conformément à une nouvelle combinaison; des moyens formant levier (57) étant de plus fournis, lesdits moyens formant levier coopérant avec ledit axe (35) de sorte que lorsque ladite seconde clé (C1) de changement de combinaison est actionnée de manière à rétracter ledit pêne (8) dans ledit corps analogue à une boíte (2-6), lesdits moyens formant levier (57), déplacés par l'axe (35), agissent sur au moins une desdites plaques (38, 39) pour déplacer lesdites secondes parties (18) des gorges (17) jusqu'à une position dans laquelle leurs ensembles de dents (24) engrènent avec les ensembles de dents (25) desdites premières parties (19) de manière à préétablir les gorges (17) conformément à la combinaison d'une nouvelle clé d'actionnement ayant des dentelures d'attaque doubles.
  2. Serrure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens formant levier sont constitués par un levier (57) qui est articulé sur le corps analogue à une boíte (2-6) et est reçu dans un évidement (55) de ladite plaque (38, 39) qui comporte ladite dent (56), ledit levier (57) comportant un premier bras (59), qui se trouve sensiblement parallèle à la direction de coulissement (A) du pêne (8), et un second bras (60) qui vient en contact avec ladite dent (56) sur le côté qui est opposé à celui où ledit axe (35) vient en butée, ledit premier bras (59) formant une came (61) qui coopère avec ledit axe (35) de sorte que lorsque ladite seconde clé de changement de combinaison (C1) ramène le pêne (8) à l'intérieur du corps analogue à une boíte (2-6), ledit axe (35) agit sur ladite came (61) de manière à provoquer la mise en rotation du levier (57) dans la direction dans laquelle ledit second bras (59) agit sur ladite plaque (38, 39) pour reconstituer l'engrènement mutuel des ensembles de dents (24, 25) desdites premières et secondes parties (18, 19) des gorges (17).
  3. Serrure selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites plaques (38, 39) supportent des axes chargés par ressort (53) qui agissent sur lesdites secondes parties (18) des gorges (17) pour déplacer lesdites gorges jusqu'à la position destinée à bloquer le pêne (8).
  4. Serrure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites premières parties (19) ont une encoche (37) qui peut venir en prise avec un axe (44) situé entre lesdites plaques (38, 39) simultanément à la prise de l'axe (35) du pêne (8) dans l'encoche respective (36).
  5. Serrure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que lesdites plaques (38, 39) ont des fentes (45, 48) qui sont allongées dans une direction qui est parallèle à la direction de coulissement (A) du pêne (8) et sont en prise avec des axes (13, 16, 49, 58) qui sont fixés sur le corps analogue à une boíte (2-6), lesdites fentes (45-48) ayant une longueur qui détermine la course de déplacement des plaques (38, 39).
  6. Serrure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la dernière des dents (10) qui déplace le pêne (8) comporte une patte (62) qui est adaptée pour venir en contact avec une partie (D) des clés de changement de combinaison (C, C1) qui a, par rapport à l'axe de rotation de clé, un rayon qui est plus petit que le rayon existant entre ledit axe et l'extrémité des dents (10) du pêne (8).
  7. Serrure selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un élément mobile (63, 72) qui a une patte (64, 79) qui est adaptée pour venir en prise dans un évidement (65) d'au moins une desdites plaques (38, 39), ledit évidement (65) ayant une dent de support (66) et une dent de prise (67), ledit élément mobile (63, 72) ayant une excroissance (69, 78) qui coopère avec ladite partie (D) de sorte que ladite patte (64, 79) prend une position dans laquelle elle vient en prise avec ladite dent de prise (67) pour retenir la plaque (38, 39) lorsque les ensembles de dents (24, 25) des premières et secondes parties (18, 19) des gorges (17) ont été écartés par ladite première clé de changement de combinaison (C) afin de changer la combinaison, et une position de libération dans laquelle on agit sur l'élément mobile (63, 72) avec la seconde clé de changement de combinaison (C1), ladite patte (64, 79) étant adaptée pour prendre une position dans laquelle elle vient en butée contre ladite dent de support (66) lorsqu'on agit sur l'élément mobile (63, 72) à l'aide d'une clé autre que la seconde clé de changement de combinaison (C1) après la séparation des premières et secondes parties (18, 19) effectuée par la première clé de changement de combinaison (C).
  8. Serrure selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ledit élément mobile est constitué par un levier (63) qui oscille à l'encontre de moyens de rappel élastiques (68).
  9. Serrure selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit élément mobile est constitué par une plaque (72) qui est guidée à l'encontre de moyens de rappel élastiques (77).
EP94118920A 1993-12-02 1994-12-01 Serrure avec des gâchettes plattes et une combinaison modifiable Expired - Lifetime EP0656454B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO930483 1993-12-02
IT93BO000483A IT1264745B1 (it) 1993-12-02 1993-12-02 Serratura con nottolini a piastre e a cifratura cambiabile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0656454A1 EP0656454A1 (fr) 1995-06-07
EP0656454B1 true EP0656454B1 (fr) 1999-06-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94118920A Expired - Lifetime EP0656454B1 (fr) 1993-12-02 1994-12-01 Serrure avec des gâchettes plattes et une combinaison modifiable

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EP (1) EP0656454B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2132311T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3031000T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1264745B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1279602B1 (it) * 1995-05-26 1997-12-16 Italiana Serrature Affini Perfezionamenti ad una serratura con nottolini a piastre e cifratura cambiabile
IT1299883B1 (it) * 1998-03-05 2000-04-04 Italiana Serrature Affini Serratura con nottolini a piastre e cifratura cambiabile.
FR2785934B1 (fr) * 1998-11-13 2001-06-22 C R Serrature Spa Serrure a gorges coulissantes a combinaison modifiable
ITTO20020529A1 (it) * 2002-06-19 2003-12-19 Mottura Serrature Di Sicurezza Serratura di sicurezza per porte di abitazioni e simili
RU2462571C2 (ru) * 2008-05-06 2012-09-27 Чиза С.П.А. Противовзломный замок
UA98392C2 (uk) * 2008-05-06 2012-05-10 Кіса С.П.А. Стійкий до зламу замок

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2221664A (en) * 1936-11-27 1940-11-12 Susser Hans Safety lock
FR850869A (fr) * 1939-02-25 1939-12-28 Perfectionnements apportés aux serrures avec deux groupes de platines
DE1703277A1 (de) * 1968-04-26 1972-05-10 Kromer Kg Theodor Schloss mit auf verschiedene Schluessel umstellbaren Zuhaltungen

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Publication number Publication date
GR3031000T3 (en) 1999-12-31
IT1264745B1 (it) 1996-10-04
EP0656454A1 (fr) 1995-06-07
ES2132311T3 (es) 1999-08-16
ITBO930483A1 (it) 1995-06-02
ITBO930483A0 (it) 1993-12-02

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