EP0656253B1 - Rigid composite panel - Google Patents

Rigid composite panel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0656253B1
EP0656253B1 EP94810631A EP94810631A EP0656253B1 EP 0656253 B1 EP0656253 B1 EP 0656253B1 EP 94810631 A EP94810631 A EP 94810631A EP 94810631 A EP94810631 A EP 94810631A EP 0656253 B1 EP0656253 B1 EP 0656253B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
gas
layers
panels
vapour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94810631A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0656253A1 (en
Inventor
Anton Zingg
Willy Kölliker
Urs Deubelbeiss
Kurt Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
Alusuisse Technology and Management Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0656253A1 publication Critical patent/EP0656253A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0656253B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656253B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dimensionally stable composite panel according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Composite panels for example for facades or facade cladding on buildings, as interior walls, for partitions or as partition walls for interior construction of buildings and rooms.
  • Composite panels This type contains, for example, a core and, adjacent to the Core, outer layers.
  • the outer layers can be metal layers, for example or plastic layers. On these metal or plastic layers can optionally further layers, for example to create a decorative surface, or for other purposes, to be appropriate.
  • composite panels that are asymmetrical are constructed, i.e. the composite panels contain a first layer, e.g. a metal or plastic layer, and on one side one second layer, for example a decorative or functional Layer, and on the other side a third layer with another Function as the other two layers.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages of composite panels and To provide composite panels that do not delaminate or over long periods of time do not change adversely due to the influence of individual components.
  • the cover layer is made of gas and vapor impermeable Material
  • the backing layer has a thickness of at least 0.3 mm has and has a plurality of recesses, which more than 0.5% of the surface concern that the gas and vapor permeable third layer made of a molded body mutually glued, cellular grains made of expanded polystyrene, the cellular Grains are connected by a hardened adhesive.
  • Composite panels according to the invention can be a on the third layer fourth layer in the form of a carrier layer with a thickness of at least 0.3 mm with a variety of recesses, which more than 0.5% of Surface, and a fifth layer in the form of a top layer made of gas and vapor impermeable material.
  • the backing layer can e.g. around a metal or plastic layer and preferably around a metal layer such as tapes or sheets with a minimum thickness of 0.3 mm, appropriate 0.4 mm, preferably 0.5 mm and particularly preferably 0.65 mm and a maximum Thickness of e.g. 5 mm, expediently 3 mm and preferably 2 mm.
  • the strips or sheets can be made of iron, steel, brass, Copper etc. exist and aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferred used.
  • the surfaces of the metals can be left untreated or treated, such as galvanized or painted. Containing aluminum Surfaces can be treated by anodic oxidation.
  • the backing layer can also be a plastic layer, e.g. made of PVC, GRP or, ABS, in a thickness of e.g. 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the recesses can, for example, be the openings in an expanded metal represent or can on mechanical, physical or chemical Recesses or holes created by paths, such as through Stamping, drilling, by spark erosion, by laser beam or the like or recesses or holes created by etching e.g. in a plate, Be sheet metal or tape.
  • the area of the recesses, based on the total The surface of a metal side is more than 0.5%. Appropriately the area of the recesses is 0.5 to 90%, preferably 1 to 40% and especially 3 to 10% of the surface.
  • the recesses on the surface of the carrier layer are preferred regularly, e.g. patterned or grid-like, distributed.
  • recesses in the form of boreholes with a diameter of 0.5 mm and larger and expediently 0.5 to 2.5 mm attached.
  • the mutual spacing of the recesses can be from 1 to 50 mm and suitably from 5 to 30 mm.
  • the first layer, the gas and vapor impermeable cover layer can be, for example, a compact plastic layer made of plastics from the range of melamine resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins or polyvinyl chloride or a metal layer, for example in the form of a film. Reinforced materials such as fibers, staple fibers, fleece or fabrics made of glass, carbon, Kevlar, aramid, polyamide, wool, cotton or whiskers made of ceramic materials can be used embedded in the plastic layers.
  • Preferred gas and vapor impermeable plastic layers are closed-cell foam layers from the series of polyvinyl chloride foams, polyurethane foams, polyolefin foams or polycarbonate foams.
  • the density of such foams can be, for example, from 500 to 1000 kg / m 3 .
  • a polyvinyl chloride foam with a density of 600 to 800 kg / m 3 can preferably be used.
  • the thickness of the first layer can be, for example, 0.5 to 5 mm, advantageously 1 to 3 mm and preferably 1 to 1.5 mm.
  • the second layer namely the carrier layer and the first layer, namely a gas and vapor impermeable cover layer, are connected to one another by means of an adhesive.
  • adhesives can be selected, for example, from the series of solvent-based, solvent-free or water-based one- or two-component adhesives based on polyurethane.
  • the adhesive can be used as a film, for example a thickness of 0.08 to 1 mm, or the adhesive can be liquid, viscous or pasty and applied by brushing, knife coating, rolling or spraying in amounts of, for example, 1 to 100 g / m 2 become.
  • the third layer is a layer made of a gas- and vapor-permeable cellular material.
  • these are expediently foam-like plastics of low density and thereby foam-like plastics that consist of open-cell or partially open-cell plastic or foam-like plastics whose cell membranes are highly permeable to gases and vapors have or materials that are made for example from foam granules or compacted foam granules.
  • the plastics can be based, for example, on styrene, PVC, polyolefins or polyurethanes.
  • the density of the foam-shaped plastics can be, for example, 25 to 200 kg / m 3 and expediently 25 to 40 kg / m 3 .
  • cellular materials are layers with a honeycomb structure made of plastics, metals or cellulosic materials or, in a broader sense, wood products made of resin-bonded wood flour or wood chips.
  • the thickness of the third layer can be, for example, from 0.5 to 10 cm.
  • the carrier layer and the third layer, a gas and vapor permeable Layer of a cellular material, with a suitable Glue that can be selected from the list above, for example, can be connected to one another or the connection of the layers by hot pressing, e.g. the plastic material of the third Layer melts on the surface and sticks to the carrier layer. It can also be provided that a plastic material third layer superficially by, for example, a solvent loosened and then glued to the carrier layer.
  • the individual layers of the composite panels are usually continuous, i.e. in their entire length and width without interruption.
  • Examples of composite panels encompassed by the present invention have five layers, the third layer being a core forms and a support layer is arranged on both sides of the core, which form the second and fourth layers.
  • the core then poses the layer of gas and vapor permeable cellular material
  • the first and fifth layers can e.g. one closed-cell PVC foam, which is usually by means of an adhesive, such as. of a two-component polyurethane adhesive is represent.
  • the core preferably consists of a molded body mutually glued, cellular grains of expanded polystyrene, whereby the cellular grains are connected by a hardened adhesive are.
  • the core can also be fibers, staple fibers or other reinforcing materials and occasionally contain flame retardant additives.
  • the core is usually with one of the aforementioned adhesives with the backing layers connected.
  • Typical thicknesses of such composite panels are in the range from 1.0 to 10.0 cm, the core advantageously having a thickness of 0.6 to 9.6 cm, the metal layers are expediently 0.3 to 1.5 mm thick and the gas and vapor-impermeable plastic layers are expediently 1.0 to 1.5 mm thick.
  • the composite panels according to the invention are in terms of their length and Width is not critical and this depends on the application conditions.
  • the method used for the production of the composite panels according to the invention is preferred, can be carried out, for example, that the individual layers are placed on top of each other in a press be, the adhesive inserted, for example, in film form or sprayed, painted or doctored between the individual layers can be. Then a pressure of, for example, 1 to 15 bar and if necessary at the same time at a temperature of 30 heated up to 100 ° C. They connect within 1 to 60 minutes individual layers are separable with each other.
  • Such a composite panel is dimensionally stable, the rigidity depends on the thickness of the individual materials.
  • Such a composite panel can with the usual means to the required degree, for example by sawing or milling.
  • the plates can be bent to wide radii or by weakening at least one layer, e.g. by milling in Grooves and bending, to be bent into corner pieces.
  • Composite panels according to the present invention can be found, for example, in Building construction as facade panels for outside or inside, as cladding panels for external cladding or for interior construction, as partitions, as Use partition walls and as floor and ceiling panels. Other uses are for example the use as pointers, as advertising media, such as so-called displays, poster media, or as storage spaces.
  • the use of the composite panels according to is particularly preferred
  • the present invention for walls or partitions or also ceilings and Floors in clean room technology. Cleanrooms are cleanrooms or sterilerooms understood how they are used today for workplaces in medicine, the Pharmaceuticals and electronics are increasingly being created have to.
  • the composite panels according to the invention have one or two visible surfaces.
  • One or both visible surfaces will be beneficial formed by the gas and vapor impermeable plastic layer.
  • Visible surfaces designed in this way can be harmless even with aggressive ones Cleaning agents are treated, local heating or exposure to radiation, e.g. due to UV radiation, remain without delaminating effect on the composite panels, as any gases or vapors that form originating from both plastics and adhesives, through which Recesses in the metal layer and over the gas and vapor permeable Layer in the form of the cellular material can escape.

Abstract

Rigid composite panel comprising at least three layers, the first layer being an outer layer of gas- and vapour-permeable material, the second layer being a supporting layer of a thickness of more than 0.3 mm and the supporting layer having a multiplicity of clearances or holes, which affect at least 0.5% of the surface, and the third layer representing a gas- and vapour-permeable layer of a cellular material. Preferred are rigid composite panels in which the gas- and vapour-permeable layer of a cellular material forms the core and on both sides of the core there is applied a supporting layer and on the free side of the supporting layers there is an outer layer provided in each case. Rigid composite panels of this type can be used, for example, as panellings, walls, ceilings or floors in clean rooms.

Description

Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine formsteife Verbundplatte nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a dimensionally stable composite panel according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Es sind Verbundplatten, beispielsweise für Fassaden oder Fassadenverkleidungen an Hochbauten, als Innenwände, für Trennwände oder als Stellwände zum Innenausbau von Gebäuden und Räumen, bekannt. Verbundplatten dieser Art enthalten beispielsweise einen Kern und, anliegend an den Kern, Aussenschichten. Die Aussenschichten können beispielsweise Metallschichten oder Kunststoffschichten sein. Auf diesen Metall- oder Kunststoffschichten können gegebenenfalls weitere Schichten, beispielsweise zur Erzeugung einer dekorativen Oberfläche, oder für andere Zwecke, angebracht sein. Es sind auch Verbundplatten bekannt, die unsymmetrisch aufgebaut sind, d.h. die Verbundplatten enthalten eine erste Schicht, z.B. eine Metall- oder Kunststoffschicht, und auf der einen Seite eine zweite Schicht, beispielsweise eine dekorative oder funktionelle Schicht, und auf der anderen Seite eine dritte Schicht mit einer anderen Funktion als die beiden anderen Schichten. Bekannt sind beispielsweise aus der Praxis Verbundplatten enthaltend einen Kern aus geschäumtem Kunststoffmaterial. Auf diesem geschäumten Material werden ein- oder beidseitig mehr oder minder dicke tragende Schichten, beispielsweise in Form von Metallblechen, angebracht. Wird das schaumförmige Isolationsmaterial aus Kunststoff beispielsweise mit einer Metallschicht abgedeckt und auf diese Metallschicht mittels eines Klebstoffes eine weitere Kunststoffschicht aufgebracht, so wurde festgestellt, dass durch noch im Klebstoff enthaltene Restlösungsmittel oder durch andere verdampfende Stoffe aus dem Klebstoff oder durch Zersetzungsprodukte aus dem Klebstoff die sich entwickelnden Gase nicht verflüchtigen können und die Kunststoffschicht dadurch zum Ablösen von der Metallschicht neigt. Dadurch bietet sich die sichtbare Aussenfläche der Kunststoffschicht durch Blasenbildung oder Faltenwurf ästhetisch unbefriedigend dar. Zudem ist eine Delaminierung von Verbundplatten, auch nur im Ansatz, unerwünscht. They are composite panels, for example for facades or facade cladding on buildings, as interior walls, for partitions or as partition walls for interior construction of buildings and rooms. Composite panels This type contains, for example, a core and, adjacent to the Core, outer layers. The outer layers can be metal layers, for example or plastic layers. On these metal or plastic layers can optionally further layers, for example to create a decorative surface, or for other purposes, to be appropriate. There are also known composite panels that are asymmetrical are constructed, i.e. the composite panels contain a first layer, e.g. a metal or plastic layer, and on one side one second layer, for example a decorative or functional Layer, and on the other side a third layer with another Function as the other two layers. Are known, for example from practice composite panels containing a core of foamed Plastic material. On this foamed material are one or more or less thick load-bearing layers on both sides, for example in Form of sheet metal, attached. Will the foam insulation material made of plastic, for example covered with a metal layer and another one on this metal layer using an adhesive Plastic layer applied, it was found that by still in Residual solvent contained by adhesive or by other evaporating Substances from the adhesive or through decomposition products from the adhesive the evolving gases cannot evaporate and the Plastic layer tends to detach from the metal layer. Thereby offers the visible outer surface of the plastic layer Blistering or drapery is aesthetically unsatisfactory delamination of composite panels, even in the beginning, undesirable.

Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile an Verbundplatten zu beheben und Verbundplatten zur Verfügung zu stellen, die über lange Zeiträume nicht delaminieren oder durch Einflüsse einzelner Komponenten sich nicht nachteilig verändern.The object of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages of composite panels and To provide composite panels that do not delaminate or over long periods of time do not change adversely due to the influence of individual components.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die Deckschicht aus gas- und dampfundurchlässigem Material besteht, dass die Trägerschicht eine Dicke von mindestens 0,3 mm hat und eine Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen aufweist, welche mehr als 0,5 % der Oberfläche betreffen, dass die gas- und dampfdurchlässige dritte Schicht aus einem Formkörper aus gegenseitig verklebten, zelligen Körnern aus geblähtem Polystyrol ist, wobei die zelligen Körner durch einen gehärteten Klebstoff miteinander verbunden sind. This is achieved according to the invention in that the cover layer is made of gas and vapor impermeable Material is made that the backing layer has a thickness of at least 0.3 mm has and has a plurality of recesses, which more than 0.5% of the surface concern that the gas and vapor permeable third layer made of a molded body mutually glued, cellular grains made of expanded polystyrene, the cellular Grains are connected by a hardened adhesive.

Erfindungsgemässe Verbundplatten können auf der dritten Schicht eine vierte Schicht in Form einer Trägerschicht einer Dicke von mindestens 0,3 mm mit einer Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen, welche mehr als 0,5 % der Oberfläche betreffen, und eine fünfte Schicht in Form einer Deckschicht aus gas- und dampfundurchlässigem Material enthalten.Composite panels according to the invention can be a on the third layer fourth layer in the form of a carrier layer with a thickness of at least 0.3 mm with a variety of recesses, which more than 0.5% of Surface, and a fifth layer in the form of a top layer made of gas and vapor impermeable material.

Bei der Trägerschicht kann es sich z.B. um eine Metall- oder Kunststoffschicht und bevorzugt um eine Metallschicht, wie beispielsweise um Bänder oder Bleche in einer minimalen Dicke von 0,3 mm, zweckmässig 0,4 mm, bevorzugt 0,5 mm und besonders bevorzugt 0,65 mm und einer maximalen Dicke von z.B. 5 mm, zweckmässig 3 mm und bevorzugt 2 mm, handeln. Die Bänder oder Bleche können beispielsweise aus Eisen, Stahl, Messing, Kupfer usw. bestehen und bevorzugt wird Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung eingesetzt. Die Oberflächen der Metalle können unbehandelt oder behandelt, wie z.B. galvanisiert oder lackiert, sein. Aluminiumhaltige Oberflächen können durch anodische Oxidation behandelt sein. Die Trägerschicht kann auch eine Kunststoffschicht, z.B. aus PVC, GFK oder, ABS, in einer Dicke von z.B. 0,5 bis 5 mm sein.The backing layer can e.g. around a metal or plastic layer and preferably around a metal layer such as tapes or sheets with a minimum thickness of 0.3 mm, appropriate 0.4 mm, preferably 0.5 mm and particularly preferably 0.65 mm and a maximum Thickness of e.g. 5 mm, expediently 3 mm and preferably 2 mm. The strips or sheets can be made of iron, steel, brass, Copper etc. exist and aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferred used. The surfaces of the metals can be left untreated or treated, such as galvanized or painted. Containing aluminum Surfaces can be treated by anodic oxidation. The backing layer can also be a plastic layer, e.g. made of PVC, GRP or, ABS, in a thickness of e.g. 0.5 to 5 mm.

Die Ausnehmungen können beispielsweise die Öffnungen in einem Streckmetall darstellen oder können auf mechanischem, physikalischen oder chemischen Wege erzeugte Ausnehmungen oder Löcher, wie beispielsweise durch Stanzen, Bohren, durch Funkenerosion, durch Laserstrahl oder dergleichen oder durch Ätzen erzeugte Ausnehmungen oder Löcher z.B. in einer Platte, Blech oder Band sein. Die Fläche der Ausnehmungen, bezogen auf die gesamte Oberfläche einer Metallseite beträgt mehr als 0,5 %. Zweckmässig beträgt die Fläche der Ausnehmungen 0,5 bis 90 %, bevorzugt 1 bis 40 % und insbesondere 3 bis 10 % der Oberfläche.The recesses can, for example, be the openings in an expanded metal represent or can on mechanical, physical or chemical Recesses or holes created by paths, such as through Stamping, drilling, by spark erosion, by laser beam or the like or recesses or holes created by etching e.g. in a plate, Be sheet metal or tape. The area of the recesses, based on the total The surface of a metal side is more than 0.5%. Appropriately the area of the recesses is 0.5 to 90%, preferably 1 to 40% and especially 3 to 10% of the surface.

Bevorzugt sind die Ausnehmungen auf der Oberfläche der Trägerschicht regelmässig, z.B. musterförmig oder rasterförmig, verteilt.The recesses on the surface of the carrier layer are preferred regularly, e.g. patterned or grid-like, distributed.

In der Praxis werden beispielsweise Ausnehmungen in Form von Bohrlöchern mit einem Durchmesser von 0,5 mm und grösser und zweckmässig 0,5 bis 2,5 mm angebracht. Der gegenseitige Abstand der Ausnehmungen kann von 1 bis 50 mm und zweckmässig von 5 bis 30 mm betragen.In practice, for example, there are recesses in the form of boreholes with a diameter of 0.5 mm and larger and expediently 0.5 to 2.5 mm attached. The mutual spacing of the recesses can be from 1 to 50 mm and suitably from 5 to 30 mm.

Bei der ersten Schicht, der gas- und dampfundurchlässigen Deckschicht, kann es sich beispielsweise um eine kompakte Kunststoffschicht aus Kunststoffen der Reihe der Melaminharze, der Phenol-Formaldehydharze oder des Polyvinylchlorids oder um eine Metallschicht, z.B. in Folienform, handeln. In die Kunststoffschichten eingebettet können verstärkende Materialien, wie Fasern, Stapelfasern, Vliesse oder Gewebe aus Glas, Kohle, Kevlar, Aramid, Polyamid, Wolle, Baumwolle oder Whiskers aus keramischen Werkstoffen angewendet werden. Bevorzugte gas- und dampfundurchlässige Kunststoffschichten sind geschlossenzellige Schaumstoffschichten aus der Reihe der Polyvinylchloridschäume, der Polyurethanschäume, der Polyolefinschäume oder der Polycarbonatschäume. Die Dichte solcher Schäume kann beispielsweise von 500 bis 1000 kg/m3 betragen. Beispielsweise kann ein Polyvinylchloridschaum einer Dichte von 600 bis 800 kg/m3 bevorzugt angewendet werden. Die Dicke der ersten Schicht kann beispielsweise 0,5 bis 5 mm, zweckmässig 1 bis 3 mm und bevorzugt 1 bis 1,5 mm, betragen.The first layer, the gas and vapor impermeable cover layer, can be, for example, a compact plastic layer made of plastics from the range of melamine resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins or polyvinyl chloride or a metal layer, for example in the form of a film. Reinforced materials such as fibers, staple fibers, fleece or fabrics made of glass, carbon, Kevlar, aramid, polyamide, wool, cotton or whiskers made of ceramic materials can be used embedded in the plastic layers. Preferred gas and vapor impermeable plastic layers are closed-cell foam layers from the series of polyvinyl chloride foams, polyurethane foams, polyolefin foams or polycarbonate foams. The density of such foams can be, for example, from 500 to 1000 kg / m 3 . For example, a polyvinyl chloride foam with a density of 600 to 800 kg / m 3 can preferably be used. The thickness of the first layer can be, for example, 0.5 to 5 mm, advantageously 1 to 3 mm and preferably 1 to 1.5 mm.

Die zweite Schicht, nämlich die Trägerschicht und die erste Schicht, nämlich eine gas- und dampfundurchlässige Deckschicht, sind mittels eines Klebstoffes miteinander verbunden. Solche Klebstoffe können beispielsweise aus der Reihe der lösungsmittelhaltigen, lösungsmittelfreien oder wasserbasierenden Ein- oder Zweikomponentenklebstoffe auf Polyurethanbasis ausgewählt werden. Es können auch Klebstoffe aus der Reihe der Styrol-Butadien-Klebstoffe, der Polyamid-Klebstoffe, der Ethyl-Vinyl-Acetat-Klebstoffe, der Polyester-Klebstoffe, der Klebstoffe aus PVC mit Weichmachern und Haftvermittlern, der Kautschuke oder Polyacrylate, des Polychloroprens, des Vinylacetates, des Vinylchlorids oder des Vinylidenchlorids und deren Copolymeren oder Reaktionsklebstoffe, enthaltend Epoxide und Säureanhydride, Epoxide und Polyamide, Polyisocyanate und Polyole oder Cyanoacrylate, ferner Methacrylate, Polyesterharze mit Styrol oder mit Acrylaten ausgewählt werden. Der Klebstoff kann als Folie, z.B. einer Dicke von 0,08 bis 1 mm, angewendet werden oder der Klebstoff kann flüssig, zähviskos oder pastös sein und durch Streichen, Rakeln, Rollen oder Sprühen in Mengen von z.B. 1 bis 100 g/m2 aufgetragen werden.The second layer, namely the carrier layer and the first layer, namely a gas and vapor impermeable cover layer, are connected to one another by means of an adhesive. Such adhesives can be selected, for example, from the series of solvent-based, solvent-free or water-based one- or two-component adhesives based on polyurethane. It is also possible to use adhesives from the series of styrene-butadiene adhesives, polyamide adhesives, ethyl vinyl acetate adhesives, polyester adhesives, PVC adhesives with plasticizers and adhesion promoters, rubbers or polyacrylates, polychloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride and their copolymers or reactive adhesives, containing epoxides and acid anhydrides, epoxides and polyamides, polyisocyanates and polyols or cyanoacrylates, and also methacrylates, polyester resins with styrene or with acrylates. The adhesive can be used as a film, for example a thickness of 0.08 to 1 mm, or the adhesive can be liquid, viscous or pasty and applied by brushing, knife coating, rolling or spraying in amounts of, for example, 1 to 100 g / m 2 become.

Die dritte Schicht stellt eine Schicht aus einem gas- und dampfdurchlässigen zellenförmigen Material dar. Zweckmässig sind dies z.B. schaumförmige Kunststoffe geringer Dichte und dabei schaumförmige Kunststoffe, die aus offenzelligem oder teilweise offenzelligem Kunststoff bestehen oder schaumförmige Kunststoffe, deren Zellmembranen eine hohe Durchlässigkeit für Gase und Dämpfe aufweisen oder Materialien, die beispielsweise aus Schaumstoffgranulaten oder kompaktierten Schaumstoffgranulaten hergestellt werden. Die Kunststoffe können beispielsweise auf Basis von Styrol, PVC, Polyolefinen oder Polyurethanen sein. Die Dichte der schaumförmigen Kunststoffe kann z.B. 25 bis 200 kg/m3 und zweckmässig 25 bis 40 kg/m3 betragen. Andere Beispiele von zellenförmigen Materialien sind Schichten mit einer Wabenstruktur aus Kunststoffen, Metallen oder cellulosischen Materialien oder in weiterem Sinne Holzprodukte aus kunstharzverbundenem Holzmehl oder Holzspänen. Die Dicke der dritten Schicht kann z.B. von 0,5 bis 10 cm sein.The third layer is a layer made of a gas- and vapor-permeable cellular material. For example, these are expediently foam-like plastics of low density and thereby foam-like plastics that consist of open-cell or partially open-cell plastic or foam-like plastics whose cell membranes are highly permeable to gases and vapors have or materials that are made for example from foam granules or compacted foam granules. The plastics can be based, for example, on styrene, PVC, polyolefins or polyurethanes. The density of the foam-shaped plastics can be, for example, 25 to 200 kg / m 3 and expediently 25 to 40 kg / m 3 . Other examples of cellular materials are layers with a honeycomb structure made of plastics, metals or cellulosic materials or, in a broader sense, wood products made of resin-bonded wood flour or wood chips. The thickness of the third layer can be, for example, from 0.5 to 10 cm.

Die Trägerschicht und die dritte Schicht, eine gas- und dampfdurchlässige Schicht eines zellenförmigen Materials, können mit einem geeigneten Kleber, der beispielsweise aus obiger Aufzählung ausgewählt werden kann, miteinander verbunden werden oder die Verbindung der Schichten kann durch Heisspressen erfolgen, wobei z.B. das Kunststoffmaterial der dritten Schicht oberflächlich anschmilzt und sich mit der Trägerschicht verklebt. Es kann auch vorgesehen werden, dass ein Kunststoffmaterial der dritten Schicht oberflächlich durch beispielsweise ein Lösungsmittel angelöst und dann mit der Trägerschicht verklebt wird.The carrier layer and the third layer, a gas and vapor permeable Layer of a cellular material, with a suitable Glue that can be selected from the list above, for example, can be connected to one another or the connection of the layers by hot pressing, e.g. the plastic material of the third Layer melts on the surface and sticks to the carrier layer. It can also be provided that a plastic material third layer superficially by, for example, a solvent loosened and then glued to the carrier layer.

Die einzelnen Schichten der Verbundplatten sind in der Regel durchgehend, d.h. in ihrer ganzen Länge und Breite ohne Unterbrechung.The individual layers of the composite panels are usually continuous, i.e. in their entire length and width without interruption.

Beispiele von Verbundplatten, die von vorliegender Erfindung umfasst werden, weisen fünf Schichten auf, wobei die dritte Schicht einen Kern bildet und beidseitig des Kerns ist je eine Trägerschicht angeordnet, welche die zweite und eine vierte Schicht bilden. Der Kern stellt dann die Schicht des gas- und dampfdurchlässigen zellenförmigen Materials dar. Auf beiden Trägerschichten ist je eine Deckschicht aus gas- und dampfundurchlässigem Material angeordnet, welche die erste und eine fünf te Schicht bilden. Die erste und die fünfte Schicht können z.B. einen geschlossenzelligen PVC-Schaum, der in der Regel mittels eines Klebstoffes, wie z.B. eines Zweikomponenten-Polyurethan-Klebstoffes, festgelegt ist, darstellen. Der Kern besteht bevorzugt aus einem Formkörper aus gegenseitig verklebten, zelligen Körnern aus geblähtem Polystyrol, wobei die zelligen Körner durch einen gehärteten Klebstoff miteinander verbunden sind. Der Kern kann auch Fasern, Stapelfasern oder andere Verstärkungsmaterialien und fallweise flammhemmende Zusätze enthalten. Der Kern ist in der Regel mit einem der vorgenannten Klebstoffe mit den Trägerschichten verbunden.Examples of composite panels encompassed by the present invention have five layers, the third layer being a core forms and a support layer is arranged on both sides of the core, which form the second and fourth layers. The core then poses the layer of gas and vapor permeable cellular material There is a cover layer made of gas and Vapor-impermeable material arranged, which are the first and a five form layer. The first and fifth layers can e.g. one closed-cell PVC foam, which is usually by means of an adhesive, such as. of a two-component polyurethane adhesive is represent. The core preferably consists of a molded body mutually glued, cellular grains of expanded polystyrene, whereby the cellular grains are connected by a hardened adhesive are. The core can also be fibers, staple fibers or other reinforcing materials and occasionally contain flame retardant additives. The core is usually with one of the aforementioned adhesives with the backing layers connected.

Typische Dicken solcher Verbundplatte liegen im Bereich von 1,0 bis 10,0 cm, wobei der Kern eine Dicke von zweckmässig 0,6 bis 9,6 cm aufweist , die Metallschichten zweckmässig 0,3 bis 1,5 mm dick sind und die gas- und dampfundurchlässigen Kunststoffschichten zweckmässig 1,0 bis 1,5 mm dick sind.Typical thicknesses of such composite panels are in the range from 1.0 to 10.0 cm, the core advantageously having a thickness of 0.6 to 9.6 cm, the metal layers are expediently 0.3 to 1.5 mm thick and the gas and vapor-impermeable plastic layers are expediently 1.0 to 1.5 mm thick.

Die erfindungsgemässen Verbundplatten sind bezüglich ihrer Länge und Breite unkritisch und diese richten sich nach den Einsatzgegebenheiten. Das Verfahren, welches für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Verbundplatten bevorzugt wird, kann beispielsweise derart ausgeführt werden, dass in einer Presse die einzelnen Schichten aufeinander gelegt werden, wobei der Klebstoff beispielsweise in Folienform eingelegt oder zwischen die einzelnen Schichten besprüht, gestrichen oder gerakelt werden kann. Anschliessend wird ein Druck von beispielsweise 1 bis 15 bar angelegt und gegebenenfalls gleichzeitig auf eine Temperatur von 30 bis 100 °C beheizt. Innerhalb von 1 bis 60 Minuten verbinden sich die einzelnen Schichten trennfest miteinander. The composite panels according to the invention are in terms of their length and Width is not critical and this depends on the application conditions. The method used for the production of the composite panels according to the invention is preferred, can be carried out, for example, that the individual layers are placed on top of each other in a press be, the adhesive inserted, for example, in film form or sprayed, painted or doctored between the individual layers can be. Then a pressure of, for example, 1 to 15 bar and if necessary at the same time at a temperature of 30 heated up to 100 ° C. They connect within 1 to 60 minutes individual layers are separable with each other.

Eine derartige Verbundplatte ist formsteif, wobei sich die Steifigkeit nach der Dicke der einzelnen Materialien richtet. Eine solche Verbundplatte kann mit den üblichen Mitteln auf das benötigte Mass, beispielsweise durch Sägen oder Fräsen, gebracht werden. Entsprechend der weiteren Verwendung können die Platten zu weiten Radien gebogen oder durch Schwächung wenigstens einer Schicht, z.B. durch Einfräsen von Nuten und Umbiegen, zu Eckstücken geknickt werden.Such a composite panel is dimensionally stable, the rigidity depends on the thickness of the individual materials. Such a composite panel can with the usual means to the required degree, for example by sawing or milling. According to the further use the plates can be bent to wide radii or by weakening at least one layer, e.g. by milling in Grooves and bending, to be bent into corner pieces.

Verbundplatten nach vorliegender Erfindung lassen sich beispielsweise im Hochbau als Fassadenplatten für aussen oder innen, als Verkleidungstafeln für Aussenverkleidungen oder zum Innenausbau, als Trennwände, als Stellwände und als Boden- und Deckenplatten verwenden. Weitere Verwendungsmöglichkeiten sind beispielsweise die Verwendung als Zeigetafeln, als Werbeträger, wie sog. Displays, Plakatträger, oder als Stellflächen. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung der Verbundplatten nach vorliegender Erfindung für Wände oder Trennwände oder auch Decken und Böden in der Reinraumtechnik. Unter Reinräumen werden Rein- oder Sterilräume verstanden, wie sie heute für Arbeitsstätten in der Medizin, der Pharmazie und auch der Elektronik in zunehmendem Masse erstellt werden müssen.Composite panels according to the present invention can be found, for example, in Building construction as facade panels for outside or inside, as cladding panels for external cladding or for interior construction, as partitions, as Use partition walls and as floor and ceiling panels. Other uses are for example the use as pointers, as advertising media, such as so-called displays, poster media, or as storage spaces. The use of the composite panels according to is particularly preferred The present invention for walls or partitions or also ceilings and Floors in clean room technology. Cleanrooms are cleanrooms or sterilerooms understood how they are used today for workplaces in medicine, the Pharmaceuticals and electronics are increasingly being created have to.

Die erfindungsgemässen Verbundplatten weisen je nach Anwendung eine oder zwei Sichtflächen auf. Eine oder beide Sichtflächen werden vorteilhaft durch jeweils die gas- und dampfundurchlässige Kunststoffschicht gebildet. Derart ausgestaltete Sichtflächen können schadlos auch mit aggressiven Reinigungsmitteln behandelt werden, lokale Erwärmungen oder Strahleneinfluss, z.B. durch UV-Bestrahlung, bleiben ohne delaminierende Wirkung auf die Verbundplatten, da allfällige sich bildende Gase oder Dämpfe, aus sowohl Kunststoffen als auch Klebstoffen herrührend, durch die Ausnehmungen in der Metallschicht und über die gas- und dampfdurchlässige Schicht in Form des zellenförmigen Materials entweichen können.Depending on the application, the composite panels according to the invention have one or two visible surfaces. One or both visible surfaces will be beneficial formed by the gas and vapor impermeable plastic layer. Visible surfaces designed in this way can be harmless even with aggressive ones Cleaning agents are treated, local heating or exposure to radiation, e.g. due to UV radiation, remain without delaminating effect on the composite panels, as any gases or vapors that form originating from both plastics and adhesives, through which Recesses in the metal layer and over the gas and vapor permeable Layer in the form of the cellular material can escape.

Claims (7)

  1. Rigid composite panel containing at least three immediately successive layers joined together by a bonded joint, the first layer being an outer layer, the second layer being a supporting layer and the third layer being a gas-permeable and vapour-permeable layer of a cellular material, characterised in that the outer layer consists of gas-impermeable and vapour-impermeable material, that the supporting layer has a thickness of at least 0.3 mm and comprises a plurality of recesses covering more than 0.5 % of the surface, and that the gas-permeable and vapourpermeable third layer consists of a moulded part of mutually bonded cellular particles of expanded polystyrene, the cellular particles being joined together by a cured adhesive.
  2. Composite panel according to claim 1, characterised in that the recesses are distributed regularly over the surface.
  3. Composite panel according to claim 1, characterised in that the third layer is provided with a fourth layer in the form of a supporting layer having a thickness of at least 0.3 mm with a plurality of recesses covering more than 0.5 % of the surface and the fourth layer is provided with a fifth layer in the form of an outer layer of gas-impermeable and vapour-impermeable material.
  4. Composite panel according to claim 1, characterised in that the gas-impermeable and vapour-impermeable outer layers are compact plastic layers of plastics of the series consisting of melamine resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins or polyvinyl chloride or closed-cell foam layers of the series consisting of polyvinyl chloride foams, polyurethane foams, polyolefin foams or polycarbonate foams.
  5. Composite panel according to claim 1, characterised in that the composite panel comprises five layers, the third layer forming a core of gas-permeable and vapour-permeable cellular material and comprising a supporting layer of metal on either side of the core, forming the second and a fourth layer, and an outer layer of a gas-impermeable and vapour-impermeable material being arranged on each of the supporting layers, forming the first and a fifth layer.
  6. Facade panels in building construction for external or internal purposes, cladding panels for external claddings or for internal finishing, interior linings, partition walls, movable partitions, floor panels, ceiling panels, display panels, billboards, displays, poster panels and display surfaces with composite panels according to claim 1.
  7. Clean rooms with composite panels according to claim 1.
EP94810631A 1993-11-25 1994-11-02 Rigid composite panel Expired - Lifetime EP0656253B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3517/93 1993-11-25
CH351793A CH686423A5 (en) 1993-11-25 1993-11-25 Form stiffness composite panel.
CH351793 1993-11-25

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EP0656253A1 EP0656253A1 (en) 1995-06-07
EP0656253B1 true EP0656253B1 (en) 2000-05-17

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BE1014095A5 (en) * 2001-04-03 2003-04-01 Floor-of wall panel of plastic and method for manufacturing same.
US20040115414A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-06-17 Joseph Wycech Method for stiffening or reinforcing a member in a cost effective manner and a member which is made in accordance with the method
WO2005113913A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-12-01 Universität Dortmund Component with at least one load-bearing surface
EP1707701A1 (en) * 2005-03-08 2006-10-04 Juan Lloveras Calvo Supporting panel for construction
DE102015104375A1 (en) * 2015-03-24 2016-09-29 M. Braun Inertgas-Systeme Gmbh carrier

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US3622430A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-11-23 Peter L Jurisich Dimpled sheet structural laminate
US3868297A (en) * 1972-03-20 1975-02-25 Hughes Aircraft Co A structural panel including a honeycomb core and a foamed polymer composition
US4042746A (en) * 1975-11-07 1977-08-16 The John Z. Delorean Corporation Composite material and method of forming
SE420750B (en) * 1978-11-17 1981-10-26 Ingemanssons Ingenjorsbyra Ab SOUND-INSULATING BUILDING ELEMENT WITH GREAT STUFF
US4462194A (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-07-31 Sprinkmann Sons Corporation Building panel with cantilevered retaining members
DE8910056U1 (en) * 1989-06-29 1989-12-21 Straub, Manfred, 7991 Oberteuringen, De

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DE59409355D1 (en) 2000-06-21
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ATE192966T1 (en) 2000-06-15
DK0656253T3 (en) 2000-10-09
EP0656253A1 (en) 1995-06-07

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