EP0656109A1 - Ultra-sound testing device for gas pressure accumulators. - Google Patents

Ultra-sound testing device for gas pressure accumulators.

Info

Publication number
EP0656109A1
EP0656109A1 EP93917633A EP93917633A EP0656109A1 EP 0656109 A1 EP0656109 A1 EP 0656109A1 EP 93917633 A EP93917633 A EP 93917633A EP 93917633 A EP93917633 A EP 93917633A EP 0656109 A1 EP0656109 A1 EP 0656109A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
test
separating element
gas
gas pressure
testing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93917633A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0656109B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Weber
Karl-Heinz Leichner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydac Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydac Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydac Technology GmbH filed Critical Hydac Technology GmbH
Publication of EP0656109A1 publication Critical patent/EP0656109A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0656109B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656109B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/41—Liquid ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/415—Gas ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F15B2201/505—Testing of accumulators, e.g. for testing tightness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for checking a predeterminable desired position, which can be taken up by a separating element which can be moved within a memory and which can be filled with gas and connected to a fluid circuit, by means of an ultrasound test device which can be placed on the memory.
  • This type of accumulator which is also referred to as a gas pressure accumulator and to which piston accumulators, diaphragm accumulators and bladder accumulators belong, have a preselectable pressure setpoint before it is connected to the respective fluid circuit, which is also referred to as the gas prestressing of the accumulator.
  • the gas preload which is necessary for the intended and safe operation, at certain time intervals, since certain gas losses can be expected depending on the mode of operation of the storage.
  • the gas filling or the gas pressure in a storage device must not fall below a minimum value in order to ensure that the system maintains its function.
  • DE 26 49 049 AI discloses a device for checking the position of a separating element which can be moved within a store in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, in which a stationary element is arranged on the bottom side of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • te ultrasound test facility is available.
  • This known device is used in particular to record movements and operating sequences in underground mining, where the hydraulic cylinders used have to work safely and reliably over long periods of time under sometimes hard operating conditions.
  • the measured travel of the separating element can also be recorded from a remote station, so that central monitoring is possible from a safe location, which, however, is complex and cost-intensive since each monitored hydraulic cylinder with the ultrasonic testing device for surveillance must be permanently provided.
  • the measuring and evaluation unit assigned to the ultrasonic test device is correspondingly complex, since the dynamic movements of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder are also recorded during the monitoring.
  • the object of the invention is to create a device for checking a gas pressure setpoint in a memory, which is inexpensive to manufacture and operate and with which a large number of memories can be checked without that their construction would have to be changed.
  • the separating element has a plurality of test bodies having a predeterminable distance from one another, to which visible markings on the outer circumference of the memory which identify the desired position of the separating element are assigned, and that are part of the ultrasonic testing device is in an aligned position with the markings handheld device that has a test head for each test specimen, a large number of memories of a certain size can be checked for gas and pressure losses with just a single test device, so that the equipment costs Limits. Furthermore, the memories to be checked do not need to be modified in terms of construction, which accommodates a functionally reliable and inexpensive operation of the memories and the systems equipped with them.
  • Ultrasonic testing devices have been part of the state of the art for many years and many users of gas pressure accumulators from other technical areas, such as materials testing, are familiar with their use, so that technical problems associated with the introduction of the checking devices according to the invention are not to be expected from the user.
  • the position of the separating element and thus the presence of the presettable gas pressure setpoint in the memory can be determined.
  • three or more test specimens a redundant system is provided and the failure of a test specimen or test head does not result in the failure of the entire checking device.
  • the design of part of the ultrasound test device as a hand-held device permits user-friendly mobile use.
  • the handheld device with its outer contour can be brought into alignment with these markings.
  • the labels may also assume a deviating distance, so that a type of tolerance is formed, within which the piston can assume its desired position such that the operability of the gas pressure accumulator is still fulfilled according to the default values.
  • the respective test specimen is formed from a guide band and / or from a sealing ring of the separating element.
  • guide bands and sealing rings which are usually provided in a separating element, can be used as test specimens, so that design changes to the separating element are eliminated by attaching additional test specimens.
  • the hand-held device has an interface with which it can be connected to a measuring device of the ultrasonic test device.
  • the measuring device of the ultrasound test device can be arranged stationary within a hydraulic system with the memories, and a hand-held device then only needs to be connected via its interface to an interface of the measuring device assigned to the memory.
  • the measuring device is located in the hand-held device and the operator receives an optical or acoustic signal as soon as the pairs of test specimens and test sensors assigned to one another lie opposite one another.
  • the single figure shows partly in view, partly in section, a gas pressure accumulator with a hand-held device attached.
  • a piston accumulator designated as a whole as 10 is used as the accumulator.
  • Piston accumulators in this regard are known, so that their technical structure is only discussed to the extent that it is related to the ultrasound test device according to the invention.
  • the piston accumulator 10 is provided on both sides with closure parts 12, 14 which have through connection bores 16 and 18, respectively.
  • the connection bores 16 and 18 serve to connect the store to a nitrogen source or to a fluid circuit (neither of which is shown).
  • a piston 20 is arranged so as to be longitudinally movable, which forms the separating element of the accumulator 10 and thus separates a gas space 22 from a fluid space 24 in a sealing manner.
  • the piston 20 has a sealing ring 26 on the circumference and a guide band 28 or 30 on each end.
  • the plastic strips 28 and 30 can be formed from plastic materials and serve as protection against abrasion and wear when the piston 20 is moved along the cylindrical circumferential housing 32 of the accumulator 10.
  • the gas pressure or hydraulic accumulator Before its first use in a hydraulic system, the gas pressure or hydraulic accumulator is filled with a predeterminable gas filling in the gas space 22, so that a gas pressure setpoint results in the gas space 22.
  • the separating element assumes a desired position, for example a position as shown in the figure.
  • the desired position of the piston 20 can be determined beforehand and indicated by two markings 34 on the outer circumference of the housing 32. In the present exemplary embodiment, the distance of the two markings 34 from one another in the direction of travel of the piston 20 corresponds to its piston length or piston height.
  • the ultrasound test device can be used, which is explained in more detail below.
  • the ultrasound test device has a hand-held device 36 with a bow-like handle 38.
  • the handle 38 engages on a plate-like front part 40 of the hand-held device 36, into which three test heads 42 are inserted on the front side, which open into the open and which are flush with the front of the front part Complete ⁇ les 40.
  • the test heads 42 are commercially available ultrasonic sensors, and each test head 42 can transmit and receive ultrasonic waves.
  • the hand-held device 36 is placed in alignment with the two markings 34 between them on the piston accumulator 10 on its outer circumference. If the piston 20 is in its desired position shown in the figure, then a test body is arranged opposite each test head 42, either consisting of a guide band 28, 30 or the sealing ring 26. The sound waves emitted by the test heads 42 become in the area of the seal 26 and the guide bands 28 and 30 are reflected differently than in the transition in steel of the housing 32 and the piston 20. By linking the declining signals in the test heads 42, an optical or acoustic signal of the operator is then only displayed with simultaneous multiple echo, so that the Piston position and thus the gas pressure can be clearly determined.
  • the monitoring device also works easily with two pairs of test heads and test specimens. It would also be conceivable to find a specific test specimen only by means of a test head, which in turn has a marking would be assigned. However, this test specimen would have to produce a characteristic measurement image during the ultrasound test and the ultrasound test device would possibly have to be calibrated for this special type of signal output. In any case, the ultrasound behavior of this test specimen should not be comparable to that of sealing rings or guide bands, which are generally necessary for the function of the piston.
  • the handheld device has an interface 44 with which it can be connected to the actual measuring device (not shown) of the ultrasound test device, which processes the reflected ultrasound signals recorded.
  • Such test devices or test devices are known from materials testing and belong to the state of the art.
  • the test device according to the invention can also be used for weight, spring and diaphragm accumulators.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP93/01964 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 27, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 27, 1995 PCT Filed Jul. 23, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/04898 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 3, 1994.An ultrasound testing device for gas pressure accumulators is used to test a predeterminable set position that can be taken by a movable separating element inside an accumulator filled with gas and connected to a fluid circuit. The separating element has at least one testing body associated with a visible mark which indicates the set position of the separating element. An ultrasound testing device on a testing body can be set on the accumulator in alignment with the visible mark. This testing device allows a plurality of accumulators of the same type to be tested for their predeterminable gas pressure set value, which corresponds to the gas pre-filling pressure, by a single hand apparatus. This kind of test is economical and achieves reliable results.

Description

Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung für Gasdruckspeicher Ultrasonic test facility for gas pressure accumulators
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer vorgebbaren Sollposition, die von einem innerhalb eines Spei¬ chers verfahrbaren Trennelement einnehmbar ist, der mit Gas befüllbar und an einen Fluidkreislauf aπschließbar ist, mit¬ tels einer auf den Speicher aufsetzbaren Ultraschall-Prüfein¬ richtung ..The invention relates to a device for checking a predeterminable desired position, which can be taken up by a separating element which can be moved within a memory and which can be filled with gas and connected to a fluid circuit, by means of an ultrasound test device which can be placed on the memory.
Dahingehende Speicher, die auch als Gasdruckspeicher bezeich¬ net werden und zu denen Kolbenspeicher, Membraπspeicher und Blasenspeicher gehören, weisen vor ihrem Anschluß an den jeweiligen Fluidkreislauf auf der Gasseite einen vorgebbaren Druck-Sollwert auf, den man auch als die Gasvorspannung des Speichers bezeichnet. Bei dahingehenden Speichern ist es notwendig, die Gasvorspannung, die zum bestimmungsgemäßen und sicheren Betrieb erforderlich ist, in gewissen zeitlichen Abständen zu kontrollieren, da in Abhängigkeit von der Be¬ triebsweise des Speichers mit gewissen Gasverlusten zu rechnen ist. Ferner darf in Sicherheitseinrichtungen die Gasfüllung oder der Gasdruck in einem Speicher einen Mindestwert nicht unterschreiten, damit gewährleistet ist, daß das System seine Funktion aufrechterhält.This type of accumulator, which is also referred to as a gas pressure accumulator and to which piston accumulators, diaphragm accumulators and bladder accumulators belong, have a preselectable pressure setpoint before it is connected to the respective fluid circuit, which is also referred to as the gas prestressing of the accumulator. In the case of this type of storage, it is necessary to check the gas preload, which is necessary for the intended and safe operation, at certain time intervals, since certain gas losses can be expected depending on the mode of operation of the storage. Furthermore, in safety devices, the gas filling or the gas pressure in a storage device must not fall below a minimum value in order to ensure that the system maintains its function.
In der DE 40 06 905 AI ist zum Einhalten eines vorgebbaren Druck-Sollwertes in dem Speicher vorgeschlagen worden, einen Meßvorgang durchzuführen, bei dem zumindest zeitweise eine das Gas austauschende Verbindung zwischen dem Speicher und einer nur einen Bruchteil des Speichervolumens .aufweisenden Meßkam¬ mer hergestellt wird, die über eine entsprechende Druckmeßein¬ richtung verfügt. Um den vorgebbaren Druck-Sollwert einzuhal¬ ten, wird bei einem Unterschreiten desselben so lange die Verbindung zwischen dem Speicher und einer Nachfülleinrichtung über die dann als Dosierkammer dienende Meßkammer hergestellt, bis der Druck-Istwert im Speicher wieder gleich dem Sollwert ist. Für dieses bekannte Verfahren zur Feststellung der Gas¬ vorspannung ist gerätetechnisch ein hoher Aufwand erforderlich und ein vollautomatischer Betrieb ist nur mit einer kompli¬ ziert aufbauenden Steuerung erreichbar, was die bekannte Überprüfungsvorrichtung teuer in Herstellung und Betrieb werden läßt.In DE 40 06 905 AI is to maintain a predetermined Pressure setpoint values in the memory have been proposed to carry out a measuring process in which, at least at times, a gas-exchanging connection between the memory and a measuring chamber having only a fraction of the storage volume is established, which has a corresponding pressure measuring device. In order to maintain the preselectable pressure setpoint, the connection between the reservoir and a refill device is established via the measuring chamber which then serves as a metering chamber until the actual pressure value in the reservoir is again equal to the setpoint. For this known method for determining the gas pretension, a high level of expenditure is required in terms of device technology, and fully automatic operation can only be achieved with a control system which has a complicated structure, which makes the known checking device expensive to manufacture and operate.
Um den gerätetechnischen Aufwand zu verringern, ist in der nachveröt entlichten DE 41 16 482 für einen Blasenspeicher vorgeschlagen worden, bei einer vorgebbaren Lage des Trennele¬ mentes (Speicherblase) den ihm in dieser Lage zuordenbaren Gasdruck-Sollwert mittels eines fluidseitig angeordneten Druckwertaufnehmers zu messen, wobei die Lageüberwachung des Trennelementes über die mittels einer Überwachungseinrichtung feststellbare Schließstellung des Tellerventils des Speichers erfolgt. Dennoch ist für jeden einzelnen zu überwachenden Speicher ein hoher gerätetechnischer Aufwand erforderlich. Ferner ist die notwendige Meßeinrichtung zur Verarbeitung der Lagedaten des Tellerventiles und für das Erfassen der Werte des Druckwertaufnehmers auf der Fluidseite technisch aufwen¬ dig, was insgesamt die Überprüfungsvorrichtung teuer in Her¬ stellung und Betrieb werden läßt.In order to reduce the technical outlay on equipment, DE 41 16 482, which was published after Verötöt, proposed for a bladder accumulator that, in the case of a predeterminable position of the separating element (accumulator bladder), the gas pressure setpoint that could be assigned to it in this position was measured by means of a pressure transducer arranged on the fluid side. the position of the separating element is monitored via the closed position of the poppet valve of the accumulator which can be determined by means of a monitoring device. Nevertheless, a high level of equipment expenditure is required for each individual memory to be monitored. Furthermore, the necessary measuring device for processing the position data of the poppet valve and for recording the values of the pressure transducer on the fluid side is technically complex, which overall makes the checking device expensive to manufacture and operate.
Durch die DE 26 49 049 AI ist eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung der Position eines innerhalb eines Speichers in Form eines Hydraulikzylinders verfahrbaren Trennelementes bekannt, bei der eine bodenseitig am Hydraulikzylinder stationär angeordne- te Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung vorhanden ist. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung dient insbesondere dem Erfassen von Bewegungen und Betriebsabläufeπ im Untertage-Bergbau, wo die zum Einsatz gebrachten Hydraulikzylinder sicher und zuverlässig über längere Zeit unter teilweise harten Betriebsbedingungen arbei¬ ten müssen. Hierbei läßt sich der gemessene Verfahrweg des Trennelementes auch von einer entfernten Station aus erfassen, so daß eine zentrale Überwachung von einer ungefährdeten Stelle aus möglich ist, die jedoch aufwendig und kosteninten¬ siv ist, da jeder überwachte Hydraulikzylinder mit der Ultra¬ schall-Prüfeinrichtung für eine Überwachung permanent zu versehen ist. Im übrigen ist die der Ultraschall-Prüfeinrich¬ tung zugeordnete Meß- und Auswerteinheit entsprechend aufwen¬ dig, da die dynamischen Bewegungen des Kolbens des Hydraulik¬ zylinders bei der Überwachung mit erfaßt werden.DE 26 49 049 AI discloses a device for checking the position of a separating element which can be moved within a store in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, in which a stationary element is arranged on the bottom side of the hydraulic cylinder. te ultrasound test facility is available. This known device is used in particular to record movements and operating sequences in underground mining, where the hydraulic cylinders used have to work safely and reliably over long periods of time under sometimes hard operating conditions. Here, the measured travel of the separating element can also be recorded from a remote station, so that central monitoring is possible from a safe location, which, however, is complex and cost-intensive since each monitored hydraulic cylinder with the ultrasonic testing device for surveillance must be permanently provided. For the rest, the measuring and evaluation unit assigned to the ultrasonic test device is correspondingly complex, since the dynamic movements of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder are also recorded during the monitoring.
Durch die DE 37 32 219 AI ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem eine elektromagnetische Ultraschall-Wandlung zur Überwachung von Füllhöhe und Blasenbildung in Flüssigkeit entnaltenden Umschließungen (Speichern) zur Anwendung kommt. Die zum Ein¬ satz kommende, am Außenumfang des Speichers aufsetzbare Ultra¬ schall-Prüfeinrichtung erlaubt eine Ankopplung der Ultra¬ schall-Prüfköpfe ohne flüssiges Koppelmittel und ohne besonde¬ re Koppelfolien. Die bekannte Füllstands- und Blasendetektie- rung dient der Überwachung von Flüssigkeiten in Kernreaktor- Druckbehältern, insbesondere in Form sog. Siedewasserreakto¬ ren .From DE 37 32 219 AI a method is known in which an electromagnetic ultrasound conversion for monitoring fill level and bubble formation in liquid-containing enclosures (storage) is used. The ultrasound test device that is used and can be placed on the outer circumference of the memory allows the ultrasound test heads to be coupled without liquid coupling agent and without special coupling foils. The known level and bubble detection is used to monitor liquids in nuclear reactor pressure vessels, in particular in the form of so-called boiling water reactors.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung eines Gasdruck-Sollwertes in einem Speicher zu schaffen, die kosten¬ günstig in der Herstellung und im Betrieb ist und mit der sich eine Vielzahl von Speichern überprüfen läßt, ohne daß diese in ihrer Konstruktion verändert werden müßten.Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to create a device for checking a gas pressure setpoint in a memory, which is inexpensive to manufacture and operate and with which a large number of memories can be checked without that their construction would have to be changed.
Diese Aufgabe löst eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 in seiner Gesamtheit. Dadurch, daß gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 das Trennelement mehre¬ re, einen vorgebbaren Abstand voneinander aufweisende Prüfkör¬ per aufweist, denen sichtbare, die Sollposition des Trennele¬ mentes kennzeichnende Markierungen am Außenumfang des Spei¬ chers zugeordnet sind, und daß als Teil der UltraschallPrüf- einrichtung ein in eine fluchtende Lage mit den Markierungen bringbares Handgerät vorhanden ist, das für jeden Prüfkörper über einen Prüfkopf verfügt, läßt sich mit nur einer einzigen Prüfeinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Speichern einer bestimmten Größenordnung auf Gas- und Druckverluste hin überprüfen, so daß der gerätetechnische Aufwand sich in Grenzen hält. Ferner brauchen die zu überprüfenden Speicher konstruktiv nicht abgeändert zu werden, was einem funktionssicheren und kosten¬ günstigen Betrieb der Speicher sowie der mit ihnen ausgerüste¬ ten Anlagen entgegenkommt. Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtungen gehören seit vielen Jahren zum Stand der Technik und mit ihrem Einsatz sind viele Anwender von Gasdruckspeichern aus anderen technischen Bereichen, wie der Werkstoffprüfung, vertraut, so daß technische Probleme bei der Einführung der erfinduπgsgemä- ßen Überprüfungsvorrichtungen anwenderseitig nicht zu erwarten stehen .This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 in its entirety. The fact that according to Characterizing part of claim 1, the separating element has a plurality of test bodies having a predeterminable distance from one another, to which visible markings on the outer circumference of the memory which identify the desired position of the separating element are assigned, and that are part of the ultrasonic testing device is in an aligned position with the markings handheld device that has a test head for each test specimen, a large number of memories of a certain size can be checked for gas and pressure losses with just a single test device, so that the equipment costs Limits. Furthermore, the memories to be checked do not need to be modified in terms of construction, which accommodates a functionally reliable and inexpensive operation of the memories and the systems equipped with them. Ultrasonic testing devices have been part of the state of the art for many years and many users of gas pressure accumulators from other technical areas, such as materials testing, are familiar with their use, so that technical problems associated with the introduction of the checking devices according to the invention are not to be expected from the user.
Durch die Verwendung mehrerer Prüfkörper läßt sich sicher die Position des Trennelementes und damit das Vorhandensein des vorgebbaren Gasdruck-Sollwertes im Speicher feststellen. Bei drei und mehr Prüfkörpern ist ein redundantes System gegeben und der Ausfall eines Prüfkörpers oder Prüfkopfes hat nicht das Versagen der gesamten Überprüfungsvorrichtung zur Folge. Die Ausgestaltung eines Teiles der Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung als Handgerät erlaubt einen bedienerfreundlichen mobilen Einsatz.By using several test specimens, the position of the separating element and thus the presence of the presettable gas pressure setpoint in the memory can be determined. With three or more test specimens, a redundant system is provided and the failure of a test specimen or test head does not result in the failure of the entire checking device. The design of part of the ultrasound test device as a hand-held device permits user-friendly mobile use.
Durch das Anbringen der Markierungen am Außenumf ng des Spei¬ chers, deren Abstand vorzugsweise gleich der Höhe des Trenn¬ elementes gewählt ist, läßt sich das Handgerät mit seiner Außenkontur in eine fluchtende Lage mit diesen Markierungen bringen. Auf diese Art und Weise ist eine sichere Positionie- rung des Handgerätes innerhalb der vorgegebenen Markierungen, die durch die Soll-Lage des Trennelementes bestimmt sind, gewährleistet, so' daß Meßfehler mit Sicherheit nicht auftre¬ ten. Die Markierungen können auch einen davon abweichenden Abstand einnehmen, so daß eine Art Toleranzfeld gebildet ist, innerhalb dessen der Kolben seine Soll-Lage derart einnehmen kann, daß die Funktionsfähigkeit des Gasdruckspeichers gemäß den Vorgabewerten noch erfüllt ist.By attaching the markings to the outer circumference of the memory, the spacing of which is preferably selected to be equal to the height of the separating element, the handheld device with its outer contour can be brought into alignment with these markings. In this way, a safe positioning tion of the handheld device within the predetermined marks by the target position of the separating element are determined ensured so 'that measurement errors certainly not auftre¬ th. The labels may also assume a deviating distance, so that a type of tolerance is formed, within which the piston can assume its desired position such that the operability of the gas pressure accumulator is still fulfilled according to the default values.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist der jeweilige Prüfkörper aus einem Führungs¬ band und/oder aus einem Dichtring des Trennelementes gebildet. Auf diese Art und Weise können bereits üblicherweise bei einem Trennelement vorgesehene Führungsbänder und Dichtringe als Prüfkörper zum Einsatz kommen, so daß konstruktive Änderungen am Trennelement durch Anbringen zusätzlicher Prüfkörper ent¬ fallen .In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the respective test specimen is formed from a guide band and / or from a sealing ring of the separating element. In this way, guide bands and sealing rings, which are usually provided in a separating element, can be used as test specimens, so that design changes to the separating element are eliminated by attaching additional test specimens.
Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungs¬ gemäßen Vorrichtung weist das Handgerät eine Schnittstelle auf, mit der es an eine Meßeinrichtung des Ultraschall-Prüfge¬ rätes anschließbar ist. Hierdurch läßt sich stationär die Meßeinrichtung des Ultraschall-Prüfgerätes innerhalb einer hydraulischen Anlage mit den Speichern anordnen und ein Hand¬ gerät braucht dann jeweils nur über seine Schnittstelle an eine dem Speicher zugeordnete Schnittstelle der Meßeinrichtung angeschlossen werden. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann es auch vorgesehen sein, daß sich die Meßeinrichtung im Handgerät befindet und die Bedienperson ein optisches oder akustisches Signal erhält, sobald die einander zugeordneten Paare von Prüfkörper und Prüfsensoren einander benachbart gegenüberliegen.In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the hand-held device has an interface with which it can be connected to a measuring device of the ultrasonic test device. As a result, the measuring device of the ultrasound test device can be arranged stationary within a hydraulic system with the memories, and a hand-held device then only needs to be connected via its interface to an interface of the measuring device assigned to the memory. In a preferred embodiment it can also be provided that the measuring device is located in the hand-held device and the operator receives an optical or acoustic signal as soon as the pairs of test specimens and test sensors assigned to one another lie opposite one another.
Im folgenden wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
Die einzige Figur zeigt teilweise in Ansicht, teilweise im Schnitt dargestellt einen Gasdruckspeicher mit aufgesetztem Handgerät . Als Speicher findet ein als Ganzes mit 10 bezeichneter Kolben¬ speicher Anwendung. Dahingehende Kolbenspeicher sind bekannt, so daß auf deren technischen Aufbau nur noch insoweit einge¬ gangen wird, als er im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung steht. Der Kolbenspeicher 10 ist beidseitig mit Verschlußteilen 12,14 versehen, die durchgehen¬ de Anschlußbohrungen 16 bzw. 18 aufweisen. Die Anschlußbohrun¬ gen 16 und 18 dienen dem Anschluß des Speichers an eine Stick¬ stoffquelle bzw. an einen Fluidkreis (beides nicht darge¬ stellt) .The single figure shows partly in view, partly in section, a gas pressure accumulator with a hand-held device attached. A piston accumulator designated as a whole as 10 is used as the accumulator. Piston accumulators in this regard are known, so that their technical structure is only discussed to the extent that it is related to the ultrasound test device according to the invention. The piston accumulator 10 is provided on both sides with closure parts 12, 14 which have through connection bores 16 and 18, respectively. The connection bores 16 and 18 serve to connect the store to a nitrogen source or to a fluid circuit (neither of which is shown).
Innerhalb des Kolbenspeichers 10 ist ein Kolben 20 längsver- fahrbar angeordnet, der das Trennelement des Speichers 10 bildet und mithin einen Gasraum 22 von einem Fluidraum 24 dichtend trennt. Der Kolben 20 weist umfangseitig einen Dicht¬ ring 26 sowie endseitig jeweils ein Führungsband 28 bzw. 30 auf. Die Kunststoffbänder 28 und 30 können aus Kunststoffmate- rialien gebildet sein und dienen als Schutz vor Abrieb und Verschleiß beim Verfahren des Kolbens 20 längs dem zylindri¬ schen Umfangsgehäuse 32 des Speichers 10.Within the piston accumulator 10, a piston 20 is arranged so as to be longitudinally movable, which forms the separating element of the accumulator 10 and thus separates a gas space 22 from a fluid space 24 in a sealing manner. The piston 20 has a sealing ring 26 on the circumference and a guide band 28 or 30 on each end. The plastic strips 28 and 30 can be formed from plastic materials and serve as protection against abrasion and wear when the piston 20 is moved along the cylindrical circumferential housing 32 of the accumulator 10.
Vor seinem ersten Einsatz in einer Hydraulikanlage wird der Gasdruck- oder Hydrospeicher mit einer vorgebbaren Gasfüllung im Gasraum 22 befüllt, so daß sich im Gasraum 22 ein Gas¬ druck-Sollwert ergibt. Je nach vorgegebenem Gasvorfülldruck nimmt das Trennelement eine Sollposition ein, beispielsweise eine Lage, wie sie in der Figur dargestellt ist. Die Sollage des Kolbens 20 läßt sich vorher ermitteln und durch zwei Markierungen 34 am Außenumfang des Gehäuses 32 angeben. Im vorliegenden Ausführuπgsbeispiel entspricht der Abstand der beiden Markierungen 34 voneinander in Verfahrrichtung des Kolbens 20 gesehen seiner Kolbenlänge bzw. Kolbenhöhe. Um vorab die Sollposition des Kolbens 20 bei dem Gasdruck-Soll¬ wert zu ermitteln, kann bereits die Ultraschall-Prüfeinrich¬ tung eingesetzt werden, die im folgenden näher erläutert wird, Die Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung verfügt über ein Handgerät 36 mit einem bügelartigen Handgriff 38. Der Handgriff 38 greift an einem plattenartigen Vorderteil 40 des Handgerätes 36 an, in das stirnseitig drei Prüfköpfe 42 eingelassen sind, die ins Freie münden und die bündig mit der Stirnseite des Vordertei¬ les 40 abschließen. Bei den Prüfköpfen 42 handelt es sich um handelsübliche Ultraschall-Sensoren, wobei jeder Prüfkopf 42 Ultraschall-Wellen aussenden und empfangen kann.Before its first use in a hydraulic system, the gas pressure or hydraulic accumulator is filled with a predeterminable gas filling in the gas space 22, so that a gas pressure setpoint results in the gas space 22. Depending on the predetermined gas pre-filling pressure, the separating element assumes a desired position, for example a position as shown in the figure. The desired position of the piston 20 can be determined beforehand and indicated by two markings 34 on the outer circumference of the housing 32. In the present exemplary embodiment, the distance of the two markings 34 from one another in the direction of travel of the piston 20 corresponds to its piston length or piston height. In order to determine the setpoint position of the piston 20 at the gas pressure setpoint in advance, the ultrasound test device can be used, which is explained in more detail below. The ultrasound test device has a hand-held device 36 with a bow-like handle 38. The handle 38 engages on a plate-like front part 40 of the hand-held device 36, into which three test heads 42 are inserted on the front side, which open into the open and which are flush with the front of the front part Complete ¬ les 40. The test heads 42 are commercially available ultrasonic sensors, and each test head 42 can transmit and receive ultrasonic waves.
Wie die Figur zeigt, wird das Handgerät 36 in fluchtende Anlage mit den beiden Markierungen 34 zwischen diesen auf den Kolbenspeicher 10 an seinem Außenumfang aufgesetzt. Ist der Kolben 20 in seiner in der Figur gezeigten Sollage, ist dann jedem Prüfkopf 42 gegenüberliegend ein Prüfkörper angeordnet, entweder bestehend aus einem Führungsband 28,30 oder dem Dichtring 26. Die von den Prüfköpfen 42 abgestrahlten Schall¬ wellen werden im Bereich der Dichtung 26 sowie der Führungs¬ bänder 28 und 30 anders reflektiert als beim Übergang in Stahl des Gehäuses 32 und des Kolbens 20. Durch Verknüpfen der rückläufigen Signale in den Prüfköpfen 42 wird dann nur bei gleichzeitigem Mehrfachecho ein optisches oder akustisches Signal der Bedienpersoπ angezeigt, so daß die Kolbenstellung und damit der Gasdruck eindeutig bestimmbar sind.As the figure shows, the hand-held device 36 is placed in alignment with the two markings 34 between them on the piston accumulator 10 on its outer circumference. If the piston 20 is in its desired position shown in the figure, then a test body is arranged opposite each test head 42, either consisting of a guide band 28, 30 or the sealing ring 26. The sound waves emitted by the test heads 42 become in the area of the seal 26 and the guide bands 28 and 30 are reflected differently than in the transition in steel of the housing 32 and the piston 20. By linking the declining signals in the test heads 42, an optical or acoustic signal of the operator is then only displayed with simultaneous multiple echo, so that the Piston position and thus the gas pressure can be clearly determined.
Nimmt mithin der Kolben 20 nicht seine in der Figur darge¬ stellte Sollposition ein, wird dies über die Ultraschall-Prüf- einrichtung festgestellt und die verlorengegangene Gasfüllung über die Anschlußbohrung 16 solange ersetzt, bis wieder die Sollpositioπ erreicht ist. Auf diese Art und Weise ist sicher¬ gestellt, daß bei Sicherheitseinrichtungen der Gasdruckspei¬ cher einen Mindestdruck nicht unterschreitet, der seine Funk¬ tionsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen oder gar aufheben könnte.Therefore, if the piston 20 does not assume its target position shown in the figure, this is determined by the ultrasound test device and the lost gas filling is replaced via the connection bore 16 until the target position is reached again. In this way it is ensured that, in the case of safety devices, the gas pressure accumulator does not fall below a minimum pressure which could impair or even cancel its functionality.
Die erfindungsgemäße Überwachungseinrichtung funktioniert auch ohne weiteres mit zwei Paaren an Prüfköpfen und Prüfkörpern. Es wäre auch denkbar, nur mittels eines Prüfkopfes einen bestimmten Prüfkörper aufzufinden, dem wiederum eine Markie- rung zuzuordnen wäre. Dieser Prüfkörper müßte allerdings ein charakteristisches Meßbild bei der Ultraschall-Prüfung ergeben und die Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung wäre gegebenenfalls auf diese besondere Art einer Signalabgabe zu kalibrieren. Das Ultraschallverhalten dieses Prüfkörpers dürfte jedenfalls nicht vergleichbar dem von Dichtringen oder Führungsbändern sein, die in der Regel für die Funktion des Kolbens notwendig sind .The monitoring device according to the invention also works easily with two pairs of test heads and test specimens. It would also be conceivable to find a specific test specimen only by means of a test head, which in turn has a marking would be assigned. However, this test specimen would have to produce a characteristic measurement image during the ultrasound test and the ultrasound test device would possibly have to be calibrated for this special type of signal output. In any case, the ultrasound behavior of this test specimen should not be comparable to that of sealing rings or guide bands, which are generally necessary for the function of the piston.
Das Handgerät weist eine Schnittstelle 44 auf, mit der es an die eigentliche Meßeinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) des Ultra¬ schall-Prüfgerätes anschließbar ist, das die aufgenommenen reflektierten Ultraschallsignale verarbeitet. Dahingehende Prüfgeräte oder Prüfeinrichtungen sind aus der Werkstoffprü¬ fung bekannt und gehören zum Stand der Technik. Bei entspre¬ chender Modifizierung läßt sich die erfindungsgemäße Prüfein¬ richtung auch bei Gewichts-, Feder- und Membranspeichern zum Einsatz bringen. The handheld device has an interface 44 with which it can be connected to the actual measuring device (not shown) of the ultrasound test device, which processes the reflected ultrasound signals recorded. Such test devices or test devices are known from materials testing and belong to the state of the art. With a corresponding modification, the test device according to the invention can also be used for weight, spring and diaphragm accumulators.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h eP a t e n t a n s r u c h e
Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer vorgebbaren Sollposi¬ tion, die von einem innerhalb eines Speichers (10) ver¬ fahrbaren Trennelement (20) einnehmbar ist, der mit Gas befüllbar und an einen Fluidkreislauf anschließbar ist, mittels einer auf den Speicher aufsetzbaren Ultraschall- Prüfeinrichtung , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trennele¬ ment mehrere, einen vorgebbaren Abstand voneinander auf¬ weisende Prüfkörper aufweist, denen sichtbare, die Sollpo¬ sition des Trennelementes (20) kennzeichnende Markierungen (34) am Außenumfang des Speichers zugeordnet sind, und daß als Teil der Ultraschall-Prüfeinrichtung ein in eine fluchtende Lage mit den Markierungen (34) bringbares Handgerät (36) vorhanden ist, das für jeden Prüfkörper über einen Prüfkopf (42) verfügt.Device for checking a predefinable target position, which can be taken up by a separating element (20) which can be moved within a store (10) and which can be filled with gas and connected to a fluid circuit, by means of an ultrasound test device which can be placed on the store, thereby characterized in that the separating element has a plurality of test specimens which have a predeterminable spacing from one another and to which visible markings (34) characterizing the desired position of the separating element (20) are assigned on the outer circumference of the memory, and that as part of the ultrasound Test device there is a hand-held device (36) which can be brought into alignment with the markings (34) and which has a test head (42) for each test specimen.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der jeweilige Prüfkörper aus einem Führungsband (28,30) und/oder aus einem Dichtring (26) des Treπnelementes (20) gebildet ist .Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective test body is formed from a guide band (28, 30) and / or from a sealing ring (26) of the opening element (20).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß das Handgerät (36) eine Schnittstelle (44) auf¬ weist, mit der es an eine Meßeinrichtung des Ultraschall- Prüfgerätes anschließbar ist. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the handheld device (36) has an interface (44) with which it can be connected to a measuring device of the ultrasonic testing device.
EP93917633A 1992-08-21 1993-07-23 Ultra-sound testing device for gas pressure accumulators Expired - Lifetime EP0656109B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4227657A DE4227657A1 (en) 1992-08-21 1992-08-21 Ultrasonic test facility for gas pressure accumulators
DE4227657 1992-08-21
PCT/EP1993/001964 WO1994004898A1 (en) 1992-08-21 1993-07-23 Ultra-sound testing device for gas pressure accumulators

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EP0656109A1 true EP0656109A1 (en) 1995-06-07
EP0656109B1 EP0656109B1 (en) 1996-05-22

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EP (1) EP0656109B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08500668A (en)
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JPH08500668A (en) 1996-01-23
ATE138474T1 (en) 1996-06-15
DK0656109T3 (en) 1996-10-07
ES2087761T3 (en) 1996-07-16
DE59302705D1 (en) 1996-06-27
GR3020354T3 (en) 1996-09-30
US5520053A (en) 1996-05-28
WO1994004898A1 (en) 1994-03-03
EP0656109B1 (en) 1996-05-22

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