EP0653693B1 - Apparatus for controlling the voltage drop across an appliance - Google Patents
Apparatus for controlling the voltage drop across an appliance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0653693B1 EP0653693B1 EP94112798A EP94112798A EP0653693B1 EP 0653693 B1 EP0653693 B1 EP 0653693B1 EP 94112798 A EP94112798 A EP 94112798A EP 94112798 A EP94112798 A EP 94112798A EP 0653693 B1 EP0653693 B1 EP 0653693B1
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- Prior art keywords
- current
- voltage
- consumer
- load
- transistor
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
- G05F3/267—Current mirrors using both bipolar and field-effect technology
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/2017—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost current or using reference switching
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for regulating one Voltage drop according to the generic term of the independent consumer Claim.
- Devices for regulating a voltage are known in which the difference between a target voltage and the measured voltage is fed to a controller. This controller forms a manipulated variable to act on an actuator.
- the controllers used usually include operational amplifiers and capacities.
- the operational amplifiers in particular require one very high expenditure on components and application. So conventional Controllers are set so that they work stably.
- the invention has for its object in a device to provide a voltage regulator mentioned in the introduction, the is as simple as possible. This task is carried out by the in the Features characterized independent claim solved.
- the device according to the invention has the advantage that the voltage regulator has very few easily integrated components. Furthermore, the voltage regulator works stably and does not incline Vibrations. In particular, the controller does not need to be specially designed become. The dynamics of the controller is only a few components determined and is therefore easy to control.
- the invention is described below with reference to the drawing Embodiment explained.
- the figure shows a schematic Representation of the circuit arrangement.
- the exemplary embodiment described is a Device for regulating the voltage on a consumer, in particular on an electromagnetic consumer.
- the device according to the invention in connection with internal combustion engines to be used, especially when metering Fuel in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- a solenoid valve can then be used in a particularly advantageous manner for controlling the metering of fuel into the internal combustion engine be used.
- GDP Begin of Injection Period
- the applied to the solenoid valve Tension to a constant value using a voltage regulator is regulated. It is particularly advantageous if the following Described device for determining the start of injection and / or used to characterize the injection end becomes.
- the consumer is a Solenoid valve for determining the injected into an internal combustion engine Amount of fuel.
- the device is used to Regulate the voltage at the solenoid valve to determine the point in time can, in which the armature of the solenoid valve reaches its end position.
- FIG. 1 are essential elements of a device schematically for controlling a solenoid-controlled fuel metering device shown.
- a connection of a consumer 100 in particular of an electromagnetic consumer is connected to a voltage supply device (Ubat).
- the second connection of the consumer 100 stands via a switching means 110 and a sensor 145 with ground in Connection.
- the sensor 145 is connected to an evaluation circuit 140 Connection.
- the switching means 110 is preferably a field effect transistor realized.
- Voltage current transformers 421 and 422 tap the potential values present at the connections of the consumer 100.
- the voltage current transformers 421 and 422 apply a current I H and I L to a block 400.
- block 400 is connected to a reference voltage V CC via a current source 450.
- An output of block 400 is connected to the gate of field effect transistor 110 via a gate resistor 423.
- block 400 is shown in more detail in FIG. Elements already described in FIG. 1 are shown in FIG. 2 with corresponding ones Reference numbers marked.
- the voltage current transformers act on block 400, which is essentially a first Current mirror 410 and a second current mirror 420 include.
- the Voltage current transformers act on the first current mirror 410 Stream.
- the first current mirror 410 is in turn with a second Current mirror 420 connected. This is over a gate resistance 423 in connection with the gate of the field effect transistor 110.
- a current mirror is usually understood to mean interconnection two semiconductor elements in such a way that a current through the one semiconductor element a corresponding or proportional Current through the other semiconductor element results. If two transistors are used for a current mirror circuit, the two switching paths of the transistors form two current paths.
- a transistor 440 serves as the second Current path and a transistor 445 as the first current path.
- the potentials at the two connections of the consumer 100 are over the two resistors 421 and 422 tapped.
- the first resistor 421 is connected to the collector of the transistor via a node 449 440 of the second current path of the first current mirror in connection.
- the second resistor 422 is connected to a node 448 with the collector of transistor 445 of the first current path of the first current mirror in connection.
- the base of transistor 440 and the base of transistor 445 are connected via point 446.
- the point 446 is also with the point 448 connected.
- a transistor 430 forms the first Rung.
- the collector of transistor 430 is above the Point 438 in connection with point 449.
- a transistor 435 forms the second rung.
- the base of transistor 430 is with the base of transistor 435 and point 436. This point 436 is connected to point 438.
- the collector-emitter current of transistor 430 is impressed on transistor 435.
- the second current path is connected to a reference voltage V CC via a current source 450.
- the collector of transistor 435 is connected via node 439 to current source 450, to gate resistor 423 and thus to the gate of field-effect transistor 110.
- This device now works as a voltage regulator as follows.
- the Potential values at consumer 100 are determined by the resistors 421 and 422 converted into currents.
- the first current mirror 410 forms the difference between the two current values. This actual current is a measure represents the voltage drop across the consumer.
- This actual current becomes the first current path of the second current mirror 420 acted upon. This current is mirrored and with that of compared to the current source 450 supplied target current. This one from the Current source 450 supplied target current serves as the target value. With the Differential current between target current and actual current becomes the gate of the Field effect transistor applied.
- the target current is chosen so that through the second path of the current mirror 420 in the steady state, a current flows that the corresponds to the setpoint value supplied by the current source 450. Are these the two currents are the same, that is to say the one falling off at the consumer 100 Voltage corresponds to the target voltage, so no gate current flows the switching means remains in its position.
- the voltage drop across the consumer is too high, it flows in correspondingly higher current through the current mirror, which in turn causes that the gate is discharged and the switching means is locked. This causes the voltage at consumer 100 to drop.
- the voltage at the consumer is too low a value assumes. In this case, too little current flows through the current mirror and the gate is charged via the gate current.
- the field effect transistor becomes conductive or enables one stronger current flow through the consumer.
- the procedure is as follows.
- the one to be regulated Voltage at consumer 100 is generated by voltage current transformers 421 and 422 and the current mirror 410 converted to a current.
- the Current mirror 420 regulates the voltage drop across the consumer the target current. This takes place in that of the first current mirror 410 delivered current mirrored and in node 439 is subtracted from the target current.
- This differential current becomes Control of the field effect transistor used. That is, the Current changes the gate charge and thus the state of the field effect transistor.
- the voltage regulation has settled when the current in the second current path is equal to that from the current source delivered electricity is.
- the second current mirror serves to bring the I current to this current level adapt.
- the actual current directly with the Target current is compared.
- the second current mirror the differential current is supplied as an input variable.
- the current provided by the current source 450 corresponds to the am Consumer dropping voltage. By changing the current value directly affect the voltage at the consumer. It exists a fixed, preferably proportional relationship between the current supplied by the power source 450 and the consumer falling voltage. Therefore, through the power source 450 is one Variable setpoint specification for the voltage drop across the consumer possible.
- the second current mirror essentially works as a controller Proportional behavior. Due to the capacities between gate and Source or between the gate and drain of the field effect transistor 110 there is also an integral behavior of the current control.
- the dynamics of the controller are essentially determined by the current source and determines the capacitances of the field effect transistor 110.
- the Dynamics can therefore be influenced very easily. Because no operational amplifiers no stability problems arise, that the controller is not prone to vibrations.
- the circuit shown in the figure in particular the current mirror 410 and 420 can be easily integrated. All measuring voltages are immediately converted into currents. This has the advantage that there are no high voltages at the input of the integrated circuit. Due to the voltage current transformer there is a high common mode rejection possible.
- the evaluation circuit determines from that by the solenoid valve 100 flowing current the time when the anchor of the energized Solenoid valve has reached an end position.
- the course over time of the current is evaluated at a constant voltage to determine whether this course a kink or a significant change in Differential quotient of the current has.
- the voltage at the solenoid valve by means of the device described regulated to a constant value.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer an einem Verbraucher abfallenden Spannung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs.The invention relates to a device for regulating one Voltage drop according to the generic term of the independent consumer Claim.
Es sind Vorrichtungen zur Regelung einer Spannung bekannt, bei denen die Differenz zwischen einer Sollspannung und der gemessenen Spannung einem Regler zugeführt wird. Dieser Regler bildet eine Stellgröße zur Beaufschlagung eines Stellglieds.Devices for regulating a voltage are known in which the difference between a target voltage and the measured voltage is fed to a controller. This controller forms a manipulated variable to act on an actuator.
Üblicherweise umfassen die verwendeten Regler Operationsverstärker und Kapazitäten. Insbesondere die Operationsverstärker erfordern einen sehr hohen Aufwand an Bauteilen und Applikation. So müssen herkömmliche Regler so eingestellt werden, daß sie stabil arbeiten.The controllers used usually include operational amplifiers and capacities. The operational amplifiers in particular require one very high expenditure on components and application. So conventional Controllers are set so that they work stably.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art einen Spannungsregler bereitzustellen, der möglichst einfach aufgebaut ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in dem unabhängigen Anspruch gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst. The invention has for its object in a device to provide a voltage regulator mentioned in the introduction, the is as simple as possible. This task is carried out by the in the Features characterized independent claim solved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat den Vorteil, daß der Spannungsregler nur sehr wenige leicht zu integrierende Bauteile aufweist. Ferner arbeitet der Spannungsregler stabil und neigt nicht zu Schwingungen. Insbesondere braucht der Regler nicht speziell ausgelegt werden. Die Dynamik des Reglers wird nur durch wenige Bauelemente bestimmt und ist damit leicht beherrschbar.The device according to the invention has the advantage that the voltage regulator has very few easily integrated components. Furthermore, the voltage regulator works stably and does not incline Vibrations. In particular, the controller does not need to be specially designed become. The dynamics of the controller is only a few components determined and is therefore easy to control.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous and expedient refinements and developments of Invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsform erläutert. Die Figur zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Schaltungsanordnung.The invention is described below with reference to the drawing Embodiment explained. The figure shows a schematic Representation of the circuit arrangement.
Bei dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine Einrichtung zum Regeln der Spannung an einem Verbraucher, insbesondere an einem elektromagnetischen Verbraucher. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung im Zusammenhang mit Brennkraftmaschinen einzusetzen, insbesondere bei der Zumessung von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine. Zu diesem Zweck kann dann in besonders vorteilhafter Weise ein Magnetventil zur Steuerung der Zumessung von Kraftstoff in die Brennkraftmaschine verwendet werden. The exemplary embodiment described is a Device for regulating the voltage on a consumer, in particular on an electromagnetic consumer. Particularly advantageous is the device according to the invention in connection with internal combustion engines to be used, especially when metering Fuel in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. To this A solenoid valve can then be used in a particularly advantageous manner for controlling the metering of fuel into the internal combustion engine be used.
Hierbei ist es insbesondere bei kleinen Lasten erforderlich, daß kleinste Einspritzmengen möglichst exakt zugemessen werden. Hierzu ist es wiederum erforderlich, daß der Zeitpunkt, bei dem der Anker des bestromten Magnetventils eine Endlage erreicht, bekannt ist. Dieser Zeitpunkt wird üblicherweise mit "Begin of Injection Period" (BIP) bezeichnet. Dieser Zeitpunkt wird durch die Auswertung des zeitlichen Verlaufs des Magnetventilstroms gewonnen. Der zeitliche Verlauf des Stroms wird bei konstanter Spannung dahingehend ausgewertet, ob dieser Verlauf einen Knick bzw. eine wesentliche Änderung des Differenzenquotienten des Stroms aufweist.It is particularly necessary for small loads that smallest injection quantities are measured as precisely as possible. For this in turn it is necessary that the time at which the anchor of the energized solenoid valve reaches an end position is known. This point in time is usually called the "Begin of Injection Period" (GDP). This point in time is evaluated by the temporal course of the solenoid valve current obtained. The temporal The course of the current is evaluated at a constant voltage, whether this course is a kink or a significant change of the difference quotient of the current.
Üblicherweise ist vorgesehen, daß die am Magnetventil anliegende Spannung mittels eines Spannungsreglers auf einen konstanten Wert eingeregelt wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die im folgenden beschriebene Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung einer den Einspritzbeginn und/oder das Einspritzende charakterisierenden Größe verwendet wird. In diesem Fall handelt es sich bei dem Verbraucher um ein Magnetventil zur Festlegung der in eine Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge. Die Vorrichtung wird dazu verwendet, die Spannung am Magnetventil zu regeln, um den Zeitpunkt ermitteln zu können, bei dem der Anker des Magnetventils seine Endlage erreicht.Usually, it is provided that the applied to the solenoid valve Tension to a constant value using a voltage regulator is regulated. It is particularly advantageous if the following Described device for determining the start of injection and / or used to characterize the injection end becomes. In this case, the consumer is a Solenoid valve for determining the injected into an internal combustion engine Amount of fuel. The device is used to Regulate the voltage at the solenoid valve to determine the point in time can, in which the armature of the solenoid valve reaches its end position.
In Figur 1 sind schematisch wesentliche Elemente einer Einrichtung
zur Steuerung einer magnetventilgesteuerten Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung
dargestellt. Ein Anschluß eines Verbraucher 100 insbesondere
eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers liegt an einer Spannungsversorgungseinrichtung
(Ubat). Der zweite Anschluß des Verbrauchers 100
steht über ein Schaltmittel 110 und einen Sensor 145 mit Masse in
Verbindung. Der Sensor 145 steht mit einer Auswerteschaltung 140 in
Verbindung. Das Schaltmittel 110 ist vorzugsweise als Feldeffekttransistor
realisiert. In Figure 1 are essential elements of a device schematically
for controlling a solenoid-controlled fuel metering device
shown. A connection of a
Spannungsstromwandler 421 und 422 greifen, die an den Anschlüssen
des Verbrauchers 100 anliegenden Potentialwerte ab. Die Spannungsstromwandler
421 und 422 beaufschlagen einen Block 400 mit je einem
Strom IH und IL. Desweiteren steht der Block 400 über eine
Stromquelle 450 mit einer Referenzspannung VCC in Verbindung. Ein
Ausgang des Blockes 400 steht über einen Gatewiderstand 423 mit dem
Gate des Feldeffekttransistors 110 in Verbindung.Voltage
Der Block 40 vergleicht die Ströme IH und IL mit dem Sollstrom
ISoll und gibt ein Ansteuerstrom IG zur Beaufschlagung des
Schaltmitteles 110 vorzugsweise gemäß der folgenden Formel vor:
In Figur 2 ist insbesondere der Block 400 detaillierter dargestellt.
Bereits in Figur 1 beschriebene Elemente sind in Figur 2 mit entsprechenden
Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet.In particular,
Als Spannungsstromwandler werden in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel
ohmsche Widerstände eingesetzt. Die Spannungsstromwandler
beaufschlagen den Block 400, der im wesentlichen einen ersten
Stromspiegel 410 und einen zweiten Stromspiegel 420 umfassen. Die
Spannungsstromwandler beaufschlagen den ersten Stromspiegel 410 mit
Strömen. Der erste Stromspiegel 410 ist wiederum mit einem zweiten
Stromspiegel 420 verbunden. Dieser steht über einen Gatewiderstand
423 mit dem Gate des Feldeffekttransistors 110 in Verbindung.As a voltage current transformer in the illustrated embodiment
ohmic resistors used. The voltage current transformers
act on
Unter einem Stromspiegel versteht man üblicherweise die Zusammenschaltung zweier Halbleiterelemente in der Weise, daß ein Strom durch das eine Halbleiterelement einen entsprechenden oder proportionalen Strom durch das andere Halbleiterelement zur Folge hat. Werden für eine Stromspiegelschaltung zwei Transistoren verwendet, so bilden die beiden Schaltstrecken der Transistoren zwei Strompfade. A current mirror is usually understood to mean interconnection two semiconductor elements in such a way that a current through the one semiconductor element a corresponding or proportional Current through the other semiconductor element results. If two transistors are used for a current mirror circuit, the two switching paths of the transistors form two current paths.
Bei dem ersten Stromspiegel 410 dient ein Transistor 440 als zweiter
Strompfad und ein Transistor 445 als erster Strompfad. Die Potentiale
an den beiden Anschlüssen des Verbrauchers 100 werden über die
zwei Widerstände 421 und 422 abgegriffen. Der erste Widerstand 421
steht über einen Verknüpfungspunkt 449 mit dem Kollektor des Transistors
440 des zweiten Strompfad des ersten Stromspiegels in Verbindung.
Der zweite Widerstand 422 steht über einen Verknüpfungspunkt
448 mit dem Kollektor des Transistors 445 des ersten Strompfades des
ersten Stromspiegels in Verbindung.In the first
Die Basis des Transistors 440 und die Basis des Transistors 445 sind
über den Punkt 446 verbunden. Der Punkt 446 ist ferner mit dem Punkt
448 verbunden.The base of
Bei dem zweiten Stromspiegel 420 bildet ein Transistor 430 den ersten
Strompfad. Der Kollektor des Transistors 430 steht über den
Punkt 438 mit dem Punkt 449 in Verbindung. Ein Transistor 435 bildet
den zweiten Strompfad. Die Basis des Transistors 430 ist mit der Basis
des Transistors 435 und dem Punkt 436 verbunden. Dieser Punkt
436 ist an dem Punkt 438 angeschlossen. Der Kollektor-Emitter-Strom
des Transistors 430 wird dem Transistor 435 aufgeprägt.In the second
Der zweite Strompfad steht über eine Stromquelle 450 mit einer
Referenzspannung VCC in Verbindung. Der Kollektor des Transistors
435 steht über den Verknüpfungspunkt 439 mit der Stromquelle 450,
mit dem Gatewiderstand 423 und damit mit dem Gate des Feldeffekttransistors
110 in Verbindung.The second current path is connected to a reference voltage V CC via a
Diese Einrichtung arbeitet als Spannungsregelung nun wie folgt. Die
Potentialwerte an dem Verbraucher 100 werden durch die Widerstände
421 und 422 in Ströme gewandelt. Der erste Stromspiegel 410 bildet
die Differenz der beiden Stromwerte. Dieser Iststrom stellt ein Maß
für die am Verbraucher abfallende Spannung dar. This device now works as a voltage regulator as follows. The
Potential values at
Mit diesem Iststrom wird der erste Strompfad des zweiten Stromspiegels
420 beaufschlagt. Dieser Strom wird gespiegelt und mit dem von
der Stromquelle 450 gelieferten Sollstrom verglichen. Dieser von der
Stromquelle 450 gelieferte Sollstrom dient als Sollwert. Mit dem
Differenzstrom zwischen Sollstrom und Iststrom wird das Gate des
Feldeffekttransistors beaufschlagt.This actual current becomes the first current path of the second
Der Sollstrom wird so gewählt, daß durch den zweiten Pfad des Stromspiegels
420 im eingeschwungenen Zustand ein Strom fließt, der dem
von der Stromquelle 450 gelieferten Sollwert entspricht. Sind diese
beiden Ströme gleich, das heißt die am Verbraucher 100 abfallende
Spannung entspricht der Sollspannung, so fließt kein Gate-Strom und
das Schaltmittel verbleibt in seiner Stellung.The target current is chosen so that through the second path of the
Ist die am Verbraucher abfallende Spannung zu hoch, so fließt ein
entsprechend höherer Strom durch den Stromspiegel, der wiederum bewirkt,
daß das Gate entladen und das Schaltmittel gesperrt wird.
Dies bewirkt, daß die Spannung am Verbraucher 100 abfällt. Entsprechendes
gilt, wenn die Spannung am Verbraucher einen zu kleinen Wert
annimmt. In diesem Fall fließt ein zu kleiner Strom durch den Stromspiegel
und das Gate wird über den Gatestrom aufgeladen. Entsprechend
wird der Feldeffekttransistor leitend bzw. ermöglicht einen
stärkeren Stromfluß durch den Verbraucher.If the voltage drop across the consumer is too high, it flows in
correspondingly higher current through the current mirror, which in turn causes
that the gate is discharged and the switching means is locked.
This causes the voltage at
Im wesentlichen wird also wie folgt vorgegangen. Die zu regelnde
Spannung am Verbraucher 100 wird durch die Spannungsstromwandler 421
und 422 und den Stromspiegel 410 in einen Strom gewandelt. Der
Stromspiegel 420 regelt die am Verbraucher abfallende Spannung auf
den Sollstrom ein. Dies erfolgt dadurch, daß der vom ersten Stromspiegel
410 gelieferte Strom gespiegelt und im Verknüpfungspunkt 439
von dem Sollstrom subtrahiert wird. Dieser Differenzstrom wird zur
Ansteuerung des Feldeffekttransistors verwendet. Das heißt, der
Strom verändert die Gateladung und damit den Zustand des Feldeffekttransistors.
Die Spannungsregelung ist eingeschwungen, wenn der sich
im zweiten Strompfad einstellende Strom gleich dem von der Stromquelle
gelieferten Strom ist. Essentially, the procedure is as follows. The one to be regulated
Voltage at
Zur Beeinflußung des der Gateladung und damit des Zustandes des Feldeffekttransistors sind nur sehr kleine Ströme erforderlich. Der zweite Stromspiegel dient dazu, den Istrom an dieses Stromniveau anzupassen.To influence the gate charge and thus the state of the Only very small currents are required for field effect transistors. The second current mirror serves to bring the I current to this current level adapt.
Als Alternative wäre auch denkbar, daß der Iststrom direkt mit dem Sollstrom verglichen wird. In diesem Fall würde dem zweiten Stromspiegel als Eingangsgröße der Differenzstrom zugeführt.As an alternative, it would also be conceivable that the actual current directly with the Target current is compared. In this case, the second current mirror the differential current is supplied as an input variable.
Der von der Stromquelle 450 bereitgestellte Strom entspricht der am
Verbraucher abfallenden Spannung. Durch ändern des Stromwerts kann
unmittelbar die Spannung am Verbraucher beeinflußt werden. Es besteht
ein fester, vorzugsweise proportionaler Zusammenhang zwischen
dem von der Stromquelle 450 gelieferten Strom und der am Verbraucher
abfallenden Spannung. Daher ist durch die Stromquelle 450 eine
variable Sollwertvorgabe für die am Verbraucher abfallende Spannung
möglich.The current provided by the
Der zweite Stromspiegel arbeitet im wesentlichen als Regler mit
Proportionalverhalten. Auf Grund der Kapazitäten zwischen Gate und
Source bzw. zwischen Gate und Drain des Feldeffekttransistors 110
ergibt sich zusätzlich ein integrales Verhalten der Stromregelung.The second current mirror essentially works as a controller
Proportional behavior. Due to the capacities between gate and
Source or between the gate and drain of the
Die Dynamik des Reglers wird im wesentlichen durch die Stromquelle
und die Kapazitäten des Feldeffekttransistors 110 bestimmt. Die
Dynamik ist daher sehr einfach beeinflußbar. Da keine Operationsverstärker
verwendet werden ergeben sich keine Stabilitätsprobleme, das
heißt der Regler neigt nicht zu Schwingungen.The dynamics of the controller are essentially determined by the current source
and determines the capacitances of the
Durch die Verwendung der Stromspiegel reduziert sich der Bauteileaufwand gegenüber einer Realisierung mit Operationsverstärkern erheblich. Desweiteren reduziert sich der Applikationsaufwand für den Regler, da die Regelparameter nicht eingestellt werden müssen. The use of current mirrors reduces the amount of components compared to a realization with operational amplifiers considerably. Furthermore, the application effort for the Controller, since the control parameters do not have to be set.
Die in der Figur dargestellte Schaltung insbesondere die Stromspiegel
410 und 420 können leicht integriert werden. Alle Meßspannungen
werden unmittelbar in Ströme umgewandelt. Dies bietet den Vorteil,
daß am Eingang der integrierten Schaltung keine hohen Spannungen anliegen.
Durch den Spannungsstromwandler ist eine hohe Gleichtaktunterdrückung
möglich.The circuit shown in the figure in particular the
Die Auswerteschaltung bestimmt ausgehend von dem durch das Magnetventil
100 fließenden Strom den Zeitpunkt, bei dem der Anker des bestromten
Magnetventils eine Endlage erreicht. Der zeitliche Verlauf
des Stroms wird bei konstanter Spannung dahingehend ausgewertet, ob
dieser Verlauf einen Knick bzw. eine wesentliche Änderung des
Differenzenquotienten des Stroms aufweist. Während der Auswertung
des Stroms bzw. während der Ermittlung des Schaltzeitpunktes wird
die Spannung am Magnetventil mittels der beschriebenen Vorrichtung
auf einen konstanten Wert geregelt.The evaluation circuit determines from that by the
Claims (6)
- Apparatus for controlling a voltage which is dropped across a load (100), in which the load (100) and a control element (110) are connected in series between earth and the supply voltage, characterized by first means (421, 422, 410) which convert the potential values across the load (100) into current values and form an actual current which corresponds to the difference between the two converted current values, having a second means (450) for presetting a nominal current, and having control means (400) which preset a control variable, in order to act on the control element, depending on a comparison of the actual current and the nominal current.
- Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first means comprise at least one current mirror which produces a current which corresponds to the voltage dropped across the load.
- Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control means comprise at least one current mirror.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the difference between the actual current and the nominal current is applied to the control element.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a field-effect transistor is used as the control element.
- Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load is a solenoid valve for determining the amount of fuel injected into an internal combustion engine, and the apparatus is used for determining a variable which characterizes the start of injection and/or the end of injection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4335687A DE4335687A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1993-10-20 | Device for regulating a voltage drop across a consumer |
| DE4335687 | 1993-10-20 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0653693A2 EP0653693A2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
| EP0653693A3 EP0653693A3 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
| EP0653693B1 true EP0653693B1 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=6500535
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94112798A Expired - Lifetime EP0653693B1 (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-08-17 | Apparatus for controlling the voltage drop across an appliance |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5572111A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0653693B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3638318B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4335687A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2168281T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19726773A1 (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1999-01-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method of balancing current regulator |
| DE10140706A1 (en) * | 2001-08-18 | 2003-02-27 | Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh | High-speed actuating device |
| US8438672B2 (en) | 2005-11-11 | 2013-05-14 | Masco Corporation Of Indiana | Integrated electronic shower system |
| JP4715807B2 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2011-07-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Adjustment method for fuel injection device and control device for fuel injection device |
| DE102008007211B4 (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2017-10-26 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Circuit arrangement for driving an inductive load and use of such a circuit arrangement |
| TWI358621B (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2012-02-21 | Asustek Comp Inc | Voltage adjusting apparatus |
| JP5493711B2 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Thermal spray repair material |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2888632A (en) * | 1956-08-23 | 1959-05-26 | Baldwin Piano Co | Transistor current regulating circuits |
| US2991407A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | 1961-07-04 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Current supply apparatus |
| US3549983A (en) * | 1968-06-18 | 1970-12-22 | Union Carbide Corp | High efficiency high power d.c. series type voltage regulator |
| DE3405599A1 (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1985-08-22 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Current sensor for the control loop of a switched-mode regulator |
| JPH0666600B2 (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1994-08-24 | 株式会社東芝 | Current detection circuit |
| US5237262A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-08-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Temperature compensated circuit for controlling load current |
| JPH07121252A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-12 | Rohm Co Ltd | Ic incorporating stabilized power circuit |
-
1993
- 1993-10-20 DE DE4335687A patent/DE4335687A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-08-17 ES ES94112798T patent/ES2168281T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-17 EP EP94112798A patent/EP0653693B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-17 DE DE59409968T patent/DE59409968D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-26 US US08/311,801 patent/US5572111A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-18 JP JP25223194A patent/JP3638318B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3638318B2 (en) | 2005-04-13 |
| EP0653693A3 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
| JPH07279741A (en) | 1995-10-27 |
| DE59409968D1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| ES2168281T3 (en) | 2002-06-16 |
| EP0653693A2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
| DE4335687A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
| US5572111A (en) | 1996-11-05 |
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