EP0653157B1 - Anordnung zum Fördern einer Luftströmung mit einer flachen Gestalt - Google Patents

Anordnung zum Fördern einer Luftströmung mit einer flachen Gestalt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0653157B1
EP0653157B1 EP94402524A EP94402524A EP0653157B1 EP 0653157 B1 EP0653157 B1 EP 0653157B1 EP 94402524 A EP94402524 A EP 94402524A EP 94402524 A EP94402524 A EP 94402524A EP 0653157 B1 EP0653157 B1 EP 0653157B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
box structure
injector
pipe
convergent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94402524A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0653157A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Jean-Marie Ballu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Exel Industries SA
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Exel Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exel Industries SA filed Critical Exel Industries SA
Publication of EP0653157A1 publication Critical patent/EP0653157A1/de
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Publication of EP0653157B1 publication Critical patent/EP0653157B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D23/00—Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps
    • F04D23/001—Pumps adapted for conveying materials or for handling specific elastic fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0003—Atomisers or mist blowers
    • A01M7/0014—Field atomisers, e.g. orchard atomisers, self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/005—Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
    • A01M7/006—Mounting of the nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device capable producing an air current having in cross section a flattened shape, especially for projecting a product of treatment on the ground or on plants.
  • a first type (US patents-3,252,656 GREENWOOD, FR-A-1,314,453 BERTHOUD) includes a axial fan that projects an air jet at high speed and moderate speed in the direction of the axis of rotation of its propeller.
  • This air jet can be deflected to using suitable deflectors to be turned into a air flow with flat cross section, but if want to create a layer of air moving in parallel, large width, it is necessary to provide several fans each having its deflectors.
  • a second type of device to produce a current air includes a single centrifugal compressor, which delivers moderate flow air at relatively pressure high.
  • the compressed air is routed through ducts suitable up to nozzles which produce air jets at high speed and low initial section.
  • Air jets products which can be flattened in section transverse, and which can all be arranged in the same plane, penetrate into the air, and also into the foliage of plants, like daggers, that is to say that the air moves at high speed in the axis of each jet, but this air has almost zero velocity between the jets. The result poor distribution of the treatment product.
  • GB-A-2.227.399 uses another technique, which is that of the venturi.
  • a high speed air jet is injected, by injector formed by a nozzle or the like, axially at the inlet of a diffuser formed by a convergent-divergent conduit.
  • the air jet communicates its energy to the air which is in the diffuser, so you can get a air flow at high speed and moderate speed, similar to that provided by a axial fan.
  • the first solution is known to give no good results only in a narrow flow range, and the second solution results in a complex structure and heavy, and complicated assembly.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device that provides the performance of a system several sets each comprising a diffuser closed section associated with a single injector, and which at the same time can be constructed in a simple and inexpensive manner expensive.
  • the box structure provides, as is known, high rigidity for a weight much lower than that more complex structures of the same rigidity.
  • the form particular of the box crossed by passages can be obtained, without particular difficulty, by the current die-casting techniques of plastics.
  • the supply conduits of the injectors include an auxiliary manifold, which supplies each of the injectors by a connected conduit, by other conduits, inside the box which forms a main collector.
  • the entire system is thus composed by assembly of two large parts but easy to obtain, the box and the collector, and low cost ancillary parts such as conduits cited above.
  • these means are also carried by the box.
  • these means are sprinklers placed in chamber cavities.
  • the spraying means comprise a bursting part which has a rounded edge facing upstream of the flow gas and a sharp angled edge facing away from it, and a means for supplying treatment liquid capable of create, on at least part of the burst part, a substantially continuous coating of said liquid, the part burst and the supply means being placed in the region of the injector outlet and the neck of the convergent-divergent formed by the passage.
  • this conduit is housed at least partly in a groove of the box, and / or that this conduit passes at least partly inside the box and / or a compressed air supply duct in the box.
  • the air in the diffuser is stationary when the injector is not in action. If the device is mounted on a vehicle, air in the diffuser may move at low speed depending on the speed of the vehicle, wind, and diffuser orientation. This speed is usually relatively low.
  • a fan helical is associated with the diffuser so as to create in this one an air flow which will be accelerated by the effect Venturi when the injector is in action.
  • Venturi when the injector is in action.
  • Figure 1 shows a tractor 1 carrying two projection ramps 2 arranged vertically to the left and on the right, supported by a gantry 3, a compressor centrifuge 4 mounted at the rear of the tractor, and conduits 5 connecting the compressor to each of the ramps.
  • Figure 2 shows a mounted projection ramp 2 horizontally on a trailer 6 coupled to the tractor 1 and provided with a gantry 3.
  • the centrifugal compressor 4 is also mounted on the trailer, and it is connected to the crawls through conduits 5.
  • ramps may be fine other provisions and orientations, vertical, horizontal or oblique, depending on the problems.
  • Each ramp 2 is made up of a number of fan panels 7, aligned, which we will now describe in more detail using Figures 3 to 6.
  • Each panel 7 has the shape of an elongated box and flattened, with a first edge or inlet edge, 8, in half cylinder shape, an opposite edge, or edge of projection, 9, thinner, and right and left edges 11, 12 substantially planar and converging towards the edge thin 9, the whole evoking a part of the wing airplane (See in particular Figures 5 and 6).
  • the panel 7 constitutes a watertight box, provided with one of its ends with a cylindrical tip 13, which allows it to be tightly connected to a box neighbor, or at a compressed air supply, and at the same time to modify its orientation by pivoting around the axis end piece 13. If several panels are placed in series, a nozzle 13 is provided at each end of the intermediate panels.
  • tip 13 there is no tip 13 itself, but the ends of two successive boxes are opened and linked one to the other by using sleeves, or rather by providing they have a slightly different size section so that the smaller end is pushed in, with tightness, in the other.
  • Figure 8 there is shown a box having an enlarged end 13A, but a different layout is possible.
  • the mode connection is independent of the feeding device also shown in Figure 8 and described later.
  • the diameter of the passage increases from the pass to the edge of projection. Such a form allows by comparison with a circular shape from one end to the other, to increase the intake section without changing the gap between passages neighbors.
  • passages 14 may not be parallel but converge to a point ahead, in the direction of travel air, for a more concentrated action at a distance from the device. They can also diverge, from a point located behind, in the direction of air movement, for wider action.
  • the part of outlet 17 can also be rectangular or flattened, for example for reasons of robustness or ease of construction, or to obtain a structure particular air jets.
  • This surface is normally a plan, but in special cases, for example to treat shrubs having a shape particular, we can imagine that it has another form.
  • the intake portion 15 of the passages 14 opens out in an intake chamber 18 connected to the outside by a mesh 19 which constitutes the inlet edge 8.
  • the part of the interior volume of the box 7 which is not not occupied by passages 14 or the intake chamber 18 constitutes a main collector, filled with air compressed during operation of the device.
  • Injectors 20 are placed so as to be coaxial with passages 14. They are located in the part intake 15 of each passage 14, and directed to the col 16.
  • the injectors 20 are connected to the manifold main, which supplies them with compressed air, by through an auxiliary manifold 21 placed in the intake chamber 18.
  • the auxiliary collector 21 extends over approximately the entire length of the intake chamber. It is connected to each injector 20 by a straight line 22, coaxial with passage 14, and other straight ducts 23 parallel to the first conduits 22 connect the collector auxiliary to the main collector.
  • the conduits 23 are arranged between two adjacent passages 14. As shown Figure 4, we thus obtain a symmetrical structure very rigid, robust and regularly fed distributed. One can however envisage other modes of execution. For example, each injector can be connected directly to the main collector by a tube angled 180 °.
  • sprinklers are placed for a treatment product liquid.
  • These sprinklers are of the type that produces a tablecloth flattened with droplets of liquid, this sheet being V shape with the top on the nozzle.
  • the sprinklers 24 are located in the plane which contains the axes passages 14, and the nozzles are arranged so as to produce a web of droplets which is essentially in the same shot.
  • the nozzles 24 are placed in cavities 25 provided in one of the right or left edges 11, 12 of the box 7.
  • the same edge has a groove 26 perpendicular to the direction of passages 14, and in which is housed a conduit 27 for supplying sprinklers in treatment product.
  • the nozzles 24 are thus easy to access, while being protected from shocks.
  • the nozzles are of the rotating disc described in document FR-A-2,497,439 at name of the applicant. These sprinklers produce a tablecloth of droplets projected by centrifugal force into a angular sector of the plane of the rotating disc.
  • the disc is arranged so as to produce a sheet of droplets roughly tangent to the air layer at the outlet of the diffusers.
  • the sprinklers are rotating discs whose plane is perpendicular to the air flow direction. In the case of a rotating disc, it should preferably be placed beyond the cavity 25 in the direction of air flow, or even in this flow itself.
  • the groove 26 In the vicinity of the end of the box, the groove 26 is interrupted, and the conduit 27 enters the interior of the box to cross the junction plane between two adjacent boxes. The conduit 27 is thus protected in the junction area.
  • a "bursting piece" 28 which has a rounded edge facing upstream of the gas flow and a sharply angled edge directed opposite, and a means 29 supply of treatment liquid capable of creating, on at least part of the bursting piece a coating substantially continuous treatment liquid.
  • the means supply 29 is a tube which is connected to the conduit 27 and has suitably arranged orifices.
  • the tube 29 crosses the wall of the passage 14, it is mounted in extension of the conduit 27, which is then entirely at inside the cabinet, and there is neither cavity 25 nor groove 26.
  • Other embodiments are possible, in accordance with French patent application 94.07659 mentioned above, which is incorporated in the present application as reference.
  • the edge intake 8 is not made up of a screen, but by a full sheet in which are placed small axial fans 30 arranged to send air in the intake chamber 18, and create in the part intake 15 of passages 14 a stream of air which will accelerated by the Venturi effect under the action of the air jet produced by injector 20. This gives an effect of "force-feeding" which significantly improves the yield of diffuser-injector assemblies.
  • fans 30 are, of course, to be adapted to the problem posed and to the shape of the device.
  • the drive motors 31 of fans 30 can be electric motors or hydraulic. Fans can also be driven by a drive shaft connected to a motor common, which can be that of the carrier vehicle.
  • the drawings show the panel blowing 7 as one piece, fairly large dimensions.
  • the current technique makes it possible to make such parts without major difficulties.
  • it may be preferable to constitute the blower panel by assembling unit elements, preferably identical, each corresponding to a single passage 14 or to a small number of passages. We can easily adapt the size of the blowing panel to the request.
  • the modular structure of the device allows quickly adapt its dimensions to requirements. However, if you wish to temporarily modify the number of passages 14 in activity, it is advantageous to provide shutters of calculated shape to close at minus one injector, being held in place by the converging part of the corresponding passage.
  • such shutter 40 consisting of a mass 41 of material deformable plastic which closes the injector 20 in being maintained by the Venturi convergent.
  • a handful 42 is used for placing and removing the shutter.
  • the mass 41 also closes passage 14, which is advantageous but not essential.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Luftstromes mit einem abgeflachten Strömungsquerschnitt, wobei die Vorrichtung aufweist:
    mindestens zwei Diffusoren, die jeweils aus einer konvergent-divergenten, an ihren beiden Enden offenen Leitung (14) bestehen, wobei diese Diffusoren in der Ebene der größtem Abmessung des Querschnittes des zu erzeugenden Luftstromes angeordnet sind, und
    einen jedem Diffusor (14) zugeordneten Injektor (20), der nahezu koaxial zu der den Diffusor bildenden Leitung verläuft und in seinem divergenten Abschnitt angeordnet ist sowie auf den divergenten Abschnitt hin gerichtet ist, wobei der Injektor (20) durch Druckluft-Zuführmittel (5) mit einem Zentrifugalverdichter (4) so verbunden ist, daß die von dem Verdichter erzeugte und von dem Injektor ausgestoßene Druckluft die sich im Diffusor befindende Luft durch den Venturi-Effekt in Bewegung versetzt oder beschleunigt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Kasten (7) aufweist, der von dem Zentrifugalverdichter mit Luft beaufschlagt wird und einen Kollektor bildet, wobei dieser Kasten von getrennten Kanälen (14) abgedichtet durchquert wird, welche in der Ebene der größten Abmessung des Querschnittes des zu erzeugenden Luftstrahles angeordnet sind, wobei diese Kanäle eine konvergent-divergente Form haben und die Diffusoren bilden und die Injektoren (20) im Inneren der Kanäle (14) angeordnet und mit dem Inneren des Kastens (7) durch Zufuhrleitungen verbunden sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zufuhrleitungen der Injektoren (20) einen Hilfskollektor (21) aufweisen, der jeden der Injektoren (20) durch eine Leitung (22) speist, die über weitere Leitungen (23) mit dem Inneren des einen Hauptkollektor bildenden Kastens (7) verbunden ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, die mit Mitteln (24, 28, 29) zum Zerstäuben eines Behandlungsmittels versehen ist, welcher nächst der Auslässe (17) der Diffusoren (14) in Strömungsrichtung der Luft angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Mittel (24; 28, 29) ebenfalls von dem Kasten (7) getragen werden.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zerstäubungsmittel Zerstäuberdüsen (24) sind, die in Hohlräumen (25) des Kastens (7) angeordnet sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zerstäubungsmittel einen Strömungsteiler (28) und ein Behandlungsflüssigkeits-Zuführmittel (29) aufweisen, von denen der Strömungsteiler eine abgerundete Vorderkante und eine spitzwinklige Hinterkante aufweist und das Behandlungsflüssigkeits-Zuführmittel so ausgebildet ist, daß es über zumindest einen Abschnitt des Strömungsteilers eine im wesentlichen kontinuierliche Flüssigkeitsschicht bildet, wobei der Strömungsteiler und das Zuführmittel in dem Bereich des Auslasses des Injektors (20) und des Halses (16) des konvergent-divergenten Kanales (14) angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, bei der die Zerstäubungsmittel (24; 28, 29) getrennt mit einer gemeinsamen Zuführleitung (27) verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Leitung zumindest teilweise in einer Nut (26) des Kastens (7) untergebracht ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, bei der die Zerstäubungsmittel (24; 28, 29) getrennt mit einer gemeinsamen Zuführleitung (27) verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Leitung sich zumindest teilweise in das Innere des Kastens und/oder eine im Kasten angeordneten Druckluft-Zufuhrleitung hinein erstreckt.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest ein den Kasten (7) durchquerender Kanal (14) in dem Einlaßbereich seines konvergenten Abschnittes einen rechteckigen Querschnitt und im Auslaßbereich seines divergenten Abschnittes einen allgemein kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Schraubgebläse (30) mindestens einem Diffusor zugeordnet ist, um in diesem eine Luftströmung zu erzeugen, die bei Betrieb des Injektors durch den Venturi-Effekt beschleunigt wird, um eine Aufladungswirkung zu erzeugen.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als Anordnung von Kasteneinheiten ausgebildet ist, die abgedichtet untereinander verbunden sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die benachbarten Kasteneinheiten an ihren einander zugewandten Enden offen und durch Muffen oder vorzugsweise durch Ineinanderstecken verbunden sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit Verschlüssen einer speziellen Form versehen ist, um mindestens einen Injektor (20) zu verschließen, indem sie durch den konvergenten Abschnitt des entsprechenden Kanals (14) gehalten werden.
EP94402524A 1993-11-10 1994-11-08 Anordnung zum Fördern einer Luftströmung mit einer flachen Gestalt Expired - Lifetime EP0653157B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9313437 1993-11-10
FR9313437A FR2712354B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1993-11-10 Dispositif pour produire un courant d'air ayant une forme aplatie en section transversale.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0653157A1 EP0653157A1 (de) 1995-05-17
EP0653157B1 true EP0653157B1 (de) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=9452738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94402524A Expired - Lifetime EP0653157B1 (de) 1993-11-10 1994-11-08 Anordnung zum Fördern einer Luftströmung mit einer flachen Gestalt

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5586725A (de)
EP (1) EP0653157B1 (de)
AU (1) AU679569B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9404395A (de)
DE (1) DE69417151T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0653157T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2130376T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2712354B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA948859B (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6257498B1 (en) 1997-10-07 2001-07-10 James R. Siebol Method and apparatus for an agricultural air handler
US6338439B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2002-01-15 Visteon Global Tech., Inc. Nozzle assembly
ITVR20050124A1 (it) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Ivano Marcantoni Convogliatore di aria a barra per atomizzatori impiegabili in agricoltura
FR2892893B1 (fr) * 2005-11-04 2007-12-28 Gerard Balespouey Pulverisateur de produits de traitement sur des cultures
DE102010017595A1 (de) * 2010-06-25 2011-12-29 Teddington Luftschleieranlagen Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Luftschleiers
FR2963894B1 (fr) 2010-08-17 2013-04-05 Exel Ind Systeme de production d'au moins un courant d'air de section transversale allongee
WO2013090641A1 (en) * 2011-12-13 2013-06-20 Genz Corp. Recapture sprayer
CN105850954B (zh) * 2016-04-06 2018-10-26 华南农业大学 一种多重雾化防飘喷雾器
FR3075567B1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2021-05-28 Institut National De Recherche En Sciences Et Tech Pour Lenvironnement Et Lagriculture Systeme et procede de pulverisation de produit, notamment de produit phytosanitaire

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US2735719A (en) * 1956-02-21 Paint sprayer
US2925222A (en) * 1957-01-30 1960-02-16 F E Myers & Bro Co Spraying machine
FR1314453A (fr) * 1961-11-27 1963-01-11 P Berthoud Ets Perfectionnements aux pulvérisateurs agricoles à turbine
NL278614A (de) * 1962-05-18 1964-03-10
US3252656A (en) * 1963-11-20 1966-05-24 Fmc Corp Spray discharge head
US3472454A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-10-14 Subscription Television Inc Low volume sprayer system
IL44307A (en) * 1974-02-27 1976-05-31 Israel State Apparatus for spraying bushes and trees
US3994437A (en) * 1975-09-19 1976-11-30 Albany International Corporation Broadcast dissemination of trace quantities of biologically active chemicals
US4375954A (en) * 1979-12-26 1983-03-08 Roger Trudel Oil and gas combination nozzle
US4634054A (en) * 1983-04-22 1987-01-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Split nozzle tip for pulverized coal burner
US5176322A (en) * 1986-08-29 1993-01-05 Sartor Giuseppe M Crop-spraying apparatus
JPH01257414A (ja) * 1987-12-14 1989-10-13 Masuda Hideo 混合気散布装置
DE3833983A1 (de) * 1988-10-06 1990-04-12 Gardena Kress & Kastner Gmbh Beregnungsvorrichtung
GB8901564D0 (en) * 1989-01-25 1989-03-15 Jeffery John C Spraying
US5305548A (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-04-26 Siebol James R Orchard heat exchanger
US5307992A (en) * 1992-11-18 1994-05-03 Usbi Co. Method and system for coating a substrate with a reinforced resin matrix
US5310116A (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-05-10 The Broyhill Company Drift control enclosure for an agricultural sprayer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7770994A (en) 1995-05-18
AU679569B2 (en) 1997-07-03
FR2712354A1 (fr) 1995-05-19
FR2712354B1 (fr) 1996-01-05
DE69417151T2 (de) 1999-07-01
DK0653157T3 (da) 1999-10-11
EP0653157A1 (de) 1995-05-17
DE69417151D1 (de) 1999-04-22
US5586725A (en) 1996-12-24
BR9404395A (pt) 1995-06-20
ES2130376T3 (es) 1999-07-01
ZA948859B (en) 1995-07-26

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