EP0651155B1 - Fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine - Google Patents
Fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0651155B1 EP0651155B1 EP94116844A EP94116844A EP0651155B1 EP 0651155 B1 EP0651155 B1 EP 0651155B1 EP 94116844 A EP94116844 A EP 94116844A EP 94116844 A EP94116844 A EP 94116844A EP 0651155 B1 EP0651155 B1 EP 0651155B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- cylinders
- axis
- supply
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
- F02M35/116—Intake manifolds for engines with cylinders in V-arrangement or arranged oppositely relative to the main shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/221—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinder banks in narrow V-arrangement, having a single cylinder head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
- F02M35/10072—Intake runners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
- F02M35/10078—Connections of intake systems to the engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
- F02M35/10216—Fuel injectors; Fuel pipes or rails; Fuel pumps or pressure regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
- F02M69/044—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the intake conduit downstream of an air throttle valve
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine.
- the cylinders of multi-cylinder endothermic engines may be subdivided into two rows.
- the fuel injection system for these engines includes a fuel manifold, a plurality of supply pipes (one per cylinder) which originate from the fuel manifold and extend as far as the respective cylinder, a plurality of injectors suitable for injecting fuel along the respective supply pipe towards the corresponding cylinder, and an air intake manifold which has ducts which lead into the supply pipes. Since the cylinders are subdivided into two rows, the said supply pipes have a different length, a first length for the cylinders which are closer to the fuel manifold, and a second length for the cylinders which are further from the fuel manifold.
- the fuel manifold has a plurality of seats for the injectors, these seats being distributed along a predetermined axis.
- the present system requires the fuel jet to be in line with the longitudinal axis of the injectors, and the latter to be oriented such that the fuel jet is directed in a median direction between the straight line which connects the injector and the cylinder which is closer to the fuel manifold, and the straight line which connects the injector and the cylinder which is further from the fuel manifold. For this reason, the fuel jet strikes the inner walls of the supply pipe.
- the above-described system has some disadvantages caused by the fact that the fuel jet has a direction of impact on the inner walls of the supply pipe such that particles of fuel are deposited on these walls.
- these deposits give rise to problems in controlling the stoichiometry of the air-fuel mixture, and concerning the quantity of fuel conveyed to the cylinder.
- atomisation of the fuel is less effective.
- accumulation of particles of fuel on the walls distorts the stoichiometry of the mixture (which is controlled by an electronic unit), since these particles of fuel can be mixed with air in a cycle after that in which they have been injected.
- the cylinder takes in a quantity of fuel which is less than that actually injected by the injector. If these particles which are still in a liquid state are then taken in in a successive cycle, this gives rise to incorrect atomisation of the mixture taken in by the cylinder. Finally, if these particles evaporate, in the successive cycle the cylinder takes in a quantity of fuel which is greater than that actually injected by the injector. This impossibility of control of the stoichiometry and of the quantity of fuel actually taken in by the cylinder, and the existence of incorrect atomisation, obviously affect the performance of the engine, particularly in transient conditions.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine, which is free from the above-described disadvantages.
- a fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine according to the present invention is defined in claim 1.
- FIG. 1 indicates as a whole a fuel injection system for an endothermic engine 2 of the type which has a plurality of cylinders distributed in two rows.
- the engine 2 comprises a base 4 in which there are defined two parallel axes Y and Z; along the axis Y there is provided a first plurality of cylinders 3a, and along the axis Z there is provided a second plurality of cylinders 3b.
- Each cylinder 3a and 3b ( Figure 2) accommodates a respective piston 5, and has in its head a respective intake valve 6.
- the system 1 comprises:
- the injectors 11 have a head 16, in which there is recessed the fuel inlet mouth, which is accommodated in a respective seat 17 recessed in the fuel manifold 7, and a nozzle 18 ( Figure 3) which is accommodated in a seat 21 recessed along the respective fuel supply pipe 8.
- the fuel manifold 7 is mounted to the side of the base 4, and in particular in the vicinity of the axis Y, such that the pipes 8 which supply the cylinders 3a have a length which is shorter than that of the pipes 8 which supply the cylinders 3b.
- the injectors 11 have a respective longitudinal axis A which converges towards an area of the base 4 in a median position between the axes Y and Z.
- the axes A of all the injectors 11 are defined on a single plane, i.e. all the injectors 11 have the same angle relative to the longitudinal axis X of the fuel manifold 7.
- the air supply pipes 15 lead to a respective fuel supply pipe 8, inside which the air and fuel are mixed in order to obtain the air-fuel mixture which the cylinder 3a, 3b will take in by means of the valve 6 during the intake stage.
- the nozzle 18 of the injector 11 has a plate 22 in which there is provided an injection hole 23 defined along an axis B which converges on the axis A according to an angle ⁇ ; the fuel jet is thus not in line with the axis A but is at an angle ⁇ relative to the latter.
- the injectors 11 which supply the cylinders 3a are oriented differently, and in particular are rotated around the axis A by 180° relative to the injectors 11 which supply the cylinders 3b.
- the orientation of the injectors 11 which supply the cylinders 3a, and the angle ⁇ of the fuel jet relative to the axis A cause the fuel jet to strike fully the valve 6 of the cylinders 3a.
- the orientation of the injectors 11 which supply the cylinders 3b and the angle ⁇ of the fuel jet relative to the axis A cause the fuel jet to strike fully the valve 6 of the cylinders 3b, this latter solution being illustrated in broken lines in Figure 3.
- an injection system is provided according to which all the cylinders use the same injectors, in which the injection hole is at an angle relative to the axis of the injector. If the injector is now positioned according to a predetermined orientation of the injection hole axis, the fuel jet can be directed against the intake valve of the closer cylinder or of the further cylinder. This aimed direction of the fuel jet does not give rise to the depositing of particles on the walls of the fuel supply pipe, since these walls are not along the axis of the jet. Consequently, all the quantity of fuel injected is then taken in by the cylinder, and in addition there is no distortion of the stoichiometry prescribed for the air-fuel mixture.
- the system 1 can contain any number of cylinders distributed in two rows, and can include injectors of a type other than that described.
- the cylinders of one row can have their longitudinal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinders of the other row.
- the injectors which supply the cylinders 3a could have their injection holes defined along angled axes, with an angle which differs from that of the injection holes of the injectors which supply the cylinders 3b.
- all the injectors could have the same orientation, and include a plate 22 which can be pivoted around the axis A in order to determine the injection hole 23 defined on an axis which converges on the respective intake valve 6.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Claims (4)
- Fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine (2) which comprisesa plurality of first cylinders (3a) provided along a first axis (Y);a plurality of second cylinders (3b) provided along a second axis (Z) which is parallel to the first axis (Y);a plurality of intake valves (6) each of which is mounted in the head of a respective cylinder (3a; 3b);the fuel injection system comprisinga fuel manifold (7) with a longitudinal axis (X) which is parallel to the first and second axis (Y and Z);a plurality of fuel supply pipes (8) which lead to the head of a respective cylinder (3a, 3b);a plurality of fuel injectors (11), one for each cylinder (3a, 3b), the longitudinal axis (A) of which converges towards a median area defined between the first and second axis (Y and Z), and which can collect fuel from the fuel manifold (7) and inject this fuel into a respective fuel supply pipe (8); andan air intake manifold (12) which can convey air into the fuel supply pipes (8);the longitudinal axes (A) of said fuel injectors (11) are defined on a single plane;said fuel injectors (11) comprise a nozzle (18) in which there is provided an injection hole (23) which is defined along an axis (B) which converges on the longitudinal axis (A) of the injector (11) according to a respective and predetermined angle (α); andthe axis (B) of said injection hole (23) of said fuel injectors (11) which supply the first cylinders (3a) converges on the intake valve (6) of the first cylinders (3a), whereas the axis (B) of the injection hole (23) of said fuel injectors (11) which supply the second cylinders (3b) converges on the intake valve (6) of the second cylinders (3b).
- System according to Claim 1, wherein all fuel injectors (11) have the same angle between their longitudinal axis (A) and the axis (B) of their own injection hole (23).
- System according to Claim 2, wherein the fuel injectors (11) which supply the first cylinders (3a) are oriented differently, and in particular are rotated around their own longitudinal axis (A) by 180° relative to said fuel injectors (11) which supply the second cylinders (3b).
- System according to Claim 2, wherein all the fuel injectors (11) have the same orientation, and said nozzle (18) of said fuel injectors (11) which supply the first cylinders (3a) are oriented differently, and in particular are rotated around the longitudinal axis (A) by 180° relative to said nozzles (18) of said fuel injectors (11) which supply the second cylinders (3b).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITBO930425 | 1993-10-27 | ||
IT93BO000425A IT1264721B1 (en) | 1993-10-27 | 1993-10-27 | FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR A MULTI-CYLINDER INTERNAL ENGINE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0651155A1 EP0651155A1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
EP0651155B1 true EP0651155B1 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=11339282
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94116844A Expired - Lifetime EP0651155B1 (en) | 1993-10-27 | 1994-10-25 | Fuel injection system for a multi-cylinder thermic engine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0651155B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69408262T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2114111T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1264721B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1146219A1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-10-17 | Steyr Motorentechnik Ges.m.b.H. | Engine with cylinders in narrow V-arrangement |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4570602A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1986-02-18 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel rail |
DE3323010A1 (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-03 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | FUEL FEEDING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
JPS6436967A (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-07 | Mazda Motor | Intake device of v-type engine |
JP2575735B2 (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1997-01-29 | マツダ株式会社 | Engine fuel supply |
-
1993
- 1993-10-27 IT IT93BO000425A patent/IT1264721B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1994
- 1994-10-25 DE DE69408262T patent/DE69408262T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-25 EP EP94116844A patent/EP0651155B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-25 ES ES94116844T patent/ES2114111T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69408262D1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
ITBO930425A0 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
DE69408262T2 (en) | 1998-06-18 |
ES2114111T3 (en) | 1998-05-16 |
IT1264721B1 (en) | 1996-10-04 |
ITBO930425A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
EP0651155A1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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