EP0651133B1 - Diamond/boron nitride coated excavating tool cutting insert - Google Patents

Diamond/boron nitride coated excavating tool cutting insert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0651133B1
EP0651133B1 EP94850192A EP94850192A EP0651133B1 EP 0651133 B1 EP0651133 B1 EP 0651133B1 EP 94850192 A EP94850192 A EP 94850192A EP 94850192 A EP94850192 A EP 94850192A EP 0651133 B1 EP0651133 B1 EP 0651133B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tip portion
shoulder
coating
cutting insert
diamond
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94850192A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0651133A2 (en
EP0651133A3 (en
Inventor
Jan Andersson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik AB
Original Assignee
Sandvik AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik AB filed Critical Sandvik AB
Publication of EP0651133A2 publication Critical patent/EP0651133A2/en
Publication of EP0651133A3 publication Critical patent/EP0651133A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0651133B1 publication Critical patent/EP0651133B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1837—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool for breaking or excavating of hard material, such as asphalt, comprising a tool body and a cutting insert secured thereto, for instance by brazing.
  • the cutting insert is formed with a generally conical tip portion and provided with a shoulder which in intended to rest against a supporting surface on the tool body an insert having the features as set forth in the preamble portion of claim 1 is known for example through US patent No. 5,161,859.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a wear-resistant tool of the above type which requires a low cutting force at the same time as it is ensured that the risk is low that the cutting insert will get loose even during working in wear resistant material.
  • the invention provides a wear resistant rotatable excavating tool having the features as set forth in the characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • the wear resistant coating is of diamond and/or cubic boron nitride with or without one or more intermediate non-diamond layers such as Ti, TiC or TiN.
  • the concave surface portion can have a constant radius of curvature.
  • the distance (a) from the abrupt transition between the tip portion and the intermediate portion to the radially outermost portion of the rearwardly facing contact surface of the shoulder can be larger than the distance (b) from the abrupt transition to the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion.
  • the smallest diameter (d) of the concave surface portion can be smaller than the distance (a+b) from the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion to the radially outermost portion of the rearwardly facing contact surface of the shoulder.
  • Tools of the type in question are usually mounted rotatably in a tool holder, which in turn is attached to an excavating machine, such as a road planing machine or a mining machine. Due to its rotation the tool is self-sharpening.
  • FIG. 1 For breaking or excavating of wear resistant material, for instance for milling in poured asphalt (mastic), tools are used of the type shown in FIG. 1.
  • This tool comprises a tool body 10A of steel and a cutting insert 11A of hard metal.
  • the cutting insert 11A is provided with a conical tip portion 12A and a shoulder 13A which is intended to rest against a supporting surface 14A on the tool body 10A.
  • the rear contact surface 20A of the shoulder 13A is brazed to the supporting surface 14A.
  • the cutting insert 11A is provided with a conical intermediate portion 15A which is located between the tip portion 12A and the shoulder 13A.
  • the portion 15A protects the portion of the tool body 10A surrounding the cutting insert 11A from such wear that would cause the cutting insert 11A to get loose.
  • cutting inserts of the type shown in FIG. 2 are suitable for use solely where the hard metal determines the life of the tool, for instance milling in concrete.
  • a low energy attack tool which includes a wear resistant coating on a cutting insert in the form of a cap wherein the coating is of a material harder than the insert.
  • the insert can be a cemented carbide and the coating is diamond and/or cubic boron nitride.
  • the coating is applied on the exposed surface of the insert with one or more intermediate non-diamond layers such as Ti, TiC, TiN, etc. therebetween.
  • the coating can be applied by PVD, CVD, high temperature/high pressure (HT/HP) or other conventional technique.
  • the wear resistant coating and intermediate layers can each have a thickness of about 1,0 to about 100 ⁇ m and the total thickness of the coating can reach 500 ⁇ m or more depending on the thickness of each layer and number of layers.
  • the coating can include several layers of diamond separated by non-diamond layers.
  • the wear resistant coating allows the geometry of the insert to be maintained for a longer time thus reducing the amount of dust created by the tool, reducing the cutting forces, reducing forces acting on the tool, reducing heat created by the cutting action of the tool and reducing the possibility of sparking which could otherwise occur due to the contact between the cemented carbide tool and the material being excavated.
  • the cutting insert 11 in a tool according to the invention is provided with an intermediate portion 17 between the tip portion 12 and the shoulder 13.
  • the intermediate portion comprises a concave portion 17 1 . Due to the intermediate surface portion 17, the required cutting force is maintained low even when the tip portion 12 becomes worn, since the tip size remains generally the same as the tip wears down along the intermediate surface portion 17. Due to this design it is also ensured that the steel in the tool body 10 surrounding the cutting insert is protected against premature abrasion. This protection is provided by the concave portion 17 1 and the shoulder 13.
  • the wear resistant coating 60 is applied on the outer surface of the tip 12, the intermediate portion 17 and/or the shoulder 13 in any desirable pattern which completely covers or partially covers the working surface. Preferably, at least the tip 12 is completely covered with the coating 60.
  • the portion 17 can comprise a circular-cylindrical portion 17 11 located adjacent to the tip portion 12.
  • the distance "a" from the transition 18 between the tip portion 12 and the intermediate portion 17 to the radially outermost portion 19 of the rear contact surface 20 of the shoulder 13 is larger than the distance "b" from the transition 18 to the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion 12.
  • the rear contact surface 20 is intended to rest against the supporting surface 14 of the tool body 10.
  • the smallest diameter "d" of the concave portion 17 1 is smaller than the sum of the above-defined distances "a" and "b".
  • the concave portion 17 1 is provided with a constant radius of curvature, which is smaller than 1,5 d but bigger than 0,5 d.
  • the enveloping surface of the cylindrical portion 17 11 extends tangentially to the arc-shaped portion 17 1 .
  • the cutting insert is provided with a rear portion projecting rearwardly from the shoulder 13.
  • the end surface of this portion is planar. It might, however, be recessed, for instance it could be half-spherical or of the general W-shape.
  • the bottom of the recess might rest against a correspondingly shaped protrusion on the tool body, or, alternatively, the recess might provide a cavity.
  • the cutting insert might be made without a rear projection.
  • the rear end surface of the cutting insert, i.e. the end surface of the shoulder, and the cooperating front surface of the tool body might be designed according to any of the above alternatives.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Description

Background of the Invention
The present invention relates to a tool for breaking or excavating of hard material, such as asphalt, comprising a tool body and a cutting insert secured thereto, for instance by brazing. The cutting insert is formed with a generally conical tip portion and provided with a shoulder which in intended to rest against a supporting surface on the tool body an insert having the features as set forth in the preamble portion of claim 1 is known for example through US patent No. 5,161,859.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a wear-resistant tool of the above type which requires a low cutting force at the same time as it is ensured that the risk is low that the cutting insert will get loose even during working in wear resistant material.
The invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which one embodiment is shown by way of example. It is to be understood that this embodiment is only illustrative of the invention and that various modifications thereof may be made within the scope of the claims.
Summary of the Invention
The invention provides a wear resistant rotatable excavating tool having the features as set forth in the characterizing portion of claim 1.
According to various features of the invention, the wear resistant coating is of diamond and/or cubic boron nitride with or without one or more intermediate non-diamond layers such as Ti, TiC or TiN. The concave surface portion can have a constant radius of curvature. In addition, the distance (a) from the abrupt transition between the tip portion and the intermediate portion to the radially outermost portion of the rearwardly facing contact surface of the shoulder can be larger than the distance (b) from the abrupt transition to the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion. The smallest diameter (d) of the concave surface portion can be smaller than the distance (a+b) from the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion to the radially outermost portion of the rearwardly facing contact surface of the shoulder.
IN THE DRAWINGS:
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view, partly in section, of a prior art tool for breaking hard material;
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view, partly in section, of another prior art tool;
  • FIG. 3 shows one embodiment of a tool according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 4 shows on an enlarged scale the cutting insert in the tool shown in FIG. 3.
    • Description of the Preferred Embodiment
    Corresponding details in the various figures have been given the same reference numeral.
    Tools of the type in question are usually mounted rotatably in a tool holder, which in turn is attached to an excavating machine, such as a road planing machine or a mining machine. Due to its rotation the tool is self-sharpening.
    For breaking or excavating of wear resistant material, for instance for milling in poured asphalt (mastic), tools are used of the type shown in FIG. 1. This tool comprises a tool body 10A of steel and a cutting insert 11A of hard metal. The cutting insert 11A is provided with a conical tip portion 12A and a shoulder 13A which is intended to rest against a supporting surface 14A on the tool body 10A. The rear contact surface 20A of the shoulder 13A is brazed to the supporting surface 14A. The cutting insert 11A is provided with a conical intermediate portion 15A which is located between the tip portion 12A and the shoulder 13A. The portion 15A protects the portion of the tool body 10A surrounding the cutting insert 11A from such wear that would cause the cutting insert 11A to get loose. When wear resistant material is excavated, for instance during milling in poured asphalt, the tip portion 12A becomes blunt-ended upon some wear of the cutting insert 11A. This wear increases the required cutting force. When milling in poured asphalt, the increase of the required cutting force might even have the result that the road planing machine does not manage to rotate the cutter upon which the tools are mounted.
    One way of decreasing the cutting force required for worn tools would be to use a tool of the type shown in FIG. 2 since the cutting insert 11B has a smaller diameter than the cutting insert 11A. However, this should mean that the portion 16B of the tool body 10B surrounding the cutting insert 11B rapidly would be abraded, thereby causing the cutting insert 11B to get loose. Thus, cutting inserts of the type shown in FIG. 2 are suitable for use solely where the hard metal determines the life of the tool, for instance milling in concrete.
    According to the invention, a low energy attack tool is provided which includes a wear resistant coating on a cutting insert in the form of a cap wherein the coating is of a material harder than the insert. For instance, the insert can be a cemented carbide and the coating is diamond and/or cubic boron nitride. The coating is applied on the exposed surface of the insert with one or more intermediate non-diamond layers such as Ti, TiC, TiN, etc. therebetween. The coating can be applied by PVD, CVD, high temperature/high pressure (HT/HP) or other conventional technique. The wear resistant coating and intermediate layers can each have a thickness of about 1,0 to about 100 µm and the total thickness of the coating can reach 500 µm or more depending on the thickness of each layer and number of layers. For instance, the coating can include several layers of diamond separated by non-diamond layers.
    The wear resistant coating allows the geometry of the insert to be maintained for a longer time thus reducing the amount of dust created by the tool, reducing the cutting forces, reducing forces acting on the tool, reducing heat created by the cutting action of the tool and reducing the possibility of sparking which could otherwise occur due to the contact between the cemented carbide tool and the material being excavated.
    As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cutting insert 11 in a tool according to the invention is provided with an intermediate portion 17 between the tip portion 12 and the shoulder 13. The intermediate portion comprises a concave portion 171. Due to the intermediate surface portion 17, the required cutting force is maintained low even when the tip portion 12 becomes worn, since the tip size remains generally the same as the tip wears down along the intermediate surface portion 17. Due to this design it is also ensured that the steel in the tool body 10 surrounding the cutting insert is protected against premature abrasion. This protection is provided by the concave portion 171 and the shoulder 13.
    The wear resistant coating 60 is applied on the outer surface of the tip 12, the intermediate portion 17 and/or the shoulder 13 in any desirable pattern which completely covers or partially covers the working surface. Preferably, at least the tip 12 is completely covered with the coating 60.
    As shown in FIG. 4, the portion 17 can comprise a circular-cylindrical portion 1711 located adjacent to the tip portion 12. In this embodiment, the distance "a" from the transition 18 between the tip portion 12 and the intermediate portion 17 to the radially outermost portion 19 of the rear contact surface 20 of the shoulder 13 is larger than the distance "b" from the transition 18 to the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion 12. The rear contact surface 20 is intended to rest against the supporting surface 14 of the tool body 10.
    Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the smallest diameter "d" of the concave portion 171 is smaller than the sum of the above-defined distances "a" and "b". The concave portion 171 is provided with a constant radius of curvature, which is smaller than 1,5 d but bigger than 0,5 d.
    The enveloping surface of the cylindrical portion 1711 extends tangentially to the arc-shaped portion 171.
    In the illustrated embodiment the cutting insert is provided with a rear portion projecting rearwardly from the shoulder 13. The end surface of this portion is planar. It might, however, be recessed, for instance it could be half-spherical or of the general W-shape. The bottom of the recess might rest against a correspondingly shaped protrusion on the tool body, or, alternatively, the recess might provide a cavity.
    In a further modification, the cutting insert might be made without a rear projection. The rear end surface of the cutting insert, i.e. the end surface of the shoulder, and the cooperating front surface of the tool body might be designed according to any of the above alternatives.
    Although the present invention has been described in connection with preferred embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that additions, modifications, substitutions, and deletions not specifically described may be made without departing from scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

    Claims (8)

    1. A rotatable excavating tool for breaking hard material, comprising:
      an elongated tool body (10) having an end with a diameter and a supporting surface (14);
      a cutting insert (11) of hard metal having a tip portion (12), an elongated intermediate portion (17) and a shoulder (13), the tip portion being generally conical in shape, the shoulder having a diameter substantially larger than the maximum diameter of the tip portion, the intermediate portion being integral with and extending between the tip portion and the shoulder so as to define an abrupt transition from the tip portion, the intermediate portion having a maximum diameter which is substantially less than the diameter of the tool body end, the intermediate portion including a concave surface portion (17') extending radially outwardly between the tip portion and the shoulder, the shoulder being integrally joined to the concave surface portion, and the cutting insert having a rearwardly facing contact surface (20) attached to the supporting surface of the tool body, characterized by
      a wear resistant coating (60) of material harder than the cutting insert, the coating being on at least an exposed working surface of the tip portion (12), the coating (60) comprising at least one layer of diamond and/or cubic boron nitride with one or more non-diamond intermediate layers between the cutting insert and the layer of diamond and/or cubic boron nitride.
    2. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the coating (60) comprises a single layer of diamond.
    3. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the concave surface portion (17') has a constant radius of curvature.
    4. A tool according to claim 1, wherein a distance (a) from the abrupt transition between the tip portion (12) and the intermediate portion (17) to the radially outermost portion (19) of the rearwardly facing contact surface (20) of the shoulder (13) is larger than a distance (b) from the abrupt transition to the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion (12).
    5. A tool according to claim 4, wherein a smallest diameter (d) of the concave surface portion (17') is smaller than the distance (a+b) from the axially forwardmost portion of the tip portion (12) to the radially outermost portion (19) of the rearwardly facing contact surface (20) of the shoulder (13).
    6. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the coating (60) only covers the tip portion (12).
    7. A tool according to claim 1, wherein the coating (60) completely covers the tip portion (12) and the intermediate portion (17).
    8. A tool according to claim wherein the coating (60) completely covers the tip portion (12), the intermediate portion (17) and the shoulder (13).
    EP94850192A 1993-11-03 1994-10-28 Diamond/boron nitride coated excavating tool cutting insert Expired - Lifetime EP0651133B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    US14522393A 1993-11-03 1993-11-03
    US145223 1993-11-03

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0651133A2 EP0651133A2 (en) 1995-05-03
    EP0651133A3 EP0651133A3 (en) 1995-08-09
    EP0651133B1 true EP0651133B1 (en) 1999-01-07

    Family

    ID=22512134

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP94850192A Expired - Lifetime EP0651133B1 (en) 1993-11-03 1994-10-28 Diamond/boron nitride coated excavating tool cutting insert

    Country Status (6)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0651133B1 (en)
    JP (1) JPH07197768A (en)
    AU (1) AU7759294A (en)
    CA (1) CA2134396A1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69415764T2 (en)
    ZA (1) ZA948306B (en)

    Families Citing this family (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US5837071A (en) * 1993-11-03 1998-11-17 Sandvik Ab Diamond coated cutting tool insert and method of making same
    US6270165B1 (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-08-07 Sandvik Rock Tools, Inc. Cutting tool for breaking hard material, and a cutting cap therefor
    US6375272B1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2002-04-23 Kennametal Inc. Rotatable cutting tool insert
    US8678517B2 (en) 2007-08-23 2014-03-25 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Reduced volume cutting tip and cutting bit incorporating same
    US8210618B2 (en) * 2007-08-23 2012-07-03 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Reduced volume cutting tip and cutter bit assembly incorporating same
    US7959234B2 (en) * 2008-03-15 2011-06-14 Kennametal Inc. Rotatable cutting tool with superhard cutting member

    Family Cites Families (10)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4277106A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-07-07 Syndrill Carbide Diamond Company Self renewing working tip mining pick
    SE450259C (en) * 1983-03-23 1996-07-04 Sandvik Ab Tools for breaking or cutting solid materials such as asphalt
    US5161859A (en) * 1983-03-23 1992-11-10 Santrade Limited Excavating tool cutting insert
    SE442305B (en) * 1984-06-27 1985-12-16 Santrade Ltd PROCEDURE FOR CHEMICAL GAS DEPOSITION (CVD) FOR THE PREPARATION OF A DIAMOND COATED COMPOSITION BODY AND USE OF THE BODY
    US4694918A (en) * 1985-04-29 1987-09-22 Smith International, Inc. Rock bit with diamond tip inserts
    US4811801A (en) * 1988-03-16 1989-03-14 Smith International, Inc. Rock bits and inserts therefor
    DE3926627A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-14 Wahl Verschleiss Tech CHISEL OR SIMILAR TOOL FOR RAW MATERIAL EXTRACTION OR RECYCLING
    US4981328A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-01-01 Kennametal Inc. Rotatable tool having a carbide insert with bumps
    US5154245A (en) * 1990-04-19 1992-10-13 Sandvik Ab Diamond rock tools for percussive and rotary crushing rock drilling
    SE9002135D0 (en) * 1990-06-15 1990-06-15 Sandvik Ab IMPROVED TOOLS FOR PERCUSSIVE AND ROTARY CRUSCHING ROCK DRILLING PROVIDED WITH A DIAMOND LAYER

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0651133A2 (en) 1995-05-03
    DE69415764T2 (en) 1999-05-20
    EP0651133A3 (en) 1995-08-09
    CA2134396A1 (en) 1995-05-04
    ZA948306B (en) 1995-06-22
    DE69415764D1 (en) 1999-02-18
    JPH07197768A (en) 1995-08-01
    AU7759294A (en) 1995-05-18

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