EP0648974A1 - Radial support for tube inner shell and tube support plate of a steam generator with elastic stop devices - Google Patents

Radial support for tube inner shell and tube support plate of a steam generator with elastic stop devices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0648974A1
EP0648974A1 EP94402296A EP94402296A EP0648974A1 EP 0648974 A1 EP0648974 A1 EP 0648974A1 EP 94402296 A EP94402296 A EP 94402296A EP 94402296 A EP94402296 A EP 94402296A EP 0648974 A1 EP0648974 A1 EP 0648974A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
bundle
steam generator
pressure
spacer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94402296A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0648974B1 (en
Inventor
Gil Cornic
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Areva NP SAS
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Framatome SA
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Publication of EP0648974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0648974A1/en
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Publication of EP0648974B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648974B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F22B37/205—Supporting and spacing arrangements for tubes of a tube bundle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
    • F22B1/025—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group with vertical U shaped tubes carried on a horizontal tube sheet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/005—Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for radially holding the bundle envelope and the spacer plates of a steam generator.
  • Heat exchangers such as the steam generators of a pressurized water nuclear reactor comprise a tube bundle constituted by a very large number of small diameter tubes arranged vertically inside a bundle envelope of generally cylindrical shape. itself arranged inside the envelope in external rigid pressure of great thickness of the steam generator.
  • the pressurized water from the nuclear reactor circulates inside the small diameter tubes and the water to be vaporized is introduced inside the bundle envelope where it comes into contact with the external surface of the tubes.
  • the vapor is recovered at the top of the bundle envelope and then it is generally dried in steam-water separators arranged in the external envelope of the steam generator above the bundle envelope.
  • the steam generators are very tall units in which the various coaxial envelopes are arranged with a generally small radial spacing.
  • spacer plates through which the tubes of the bundle pass, distributed along the height of the bundle, to maintain the tubes in fixed radial positions with respect to each other. These spacer plates are connected together by vertical tie rods, the assembly being placed inside the bundle envelope.
  • This radial retention is obtained by stops fixed on the bundle envelope at the level of the spacer plates and at the rate of several stops per spacer plate. These stops are then regularly distributed around the periphery of the spacer plates.
  • Document FR-A-2 511 491 discloses such a holding device. It is made up of parts having a thickness greater than the thickness of the bundle casing and pierced with threaded holes inside of which threaded studs can be screwed, the projecting end of which in the space existing between the casing beam and the rigid outer casing bears against the inner surface of this outer casing. The abutment of these stops is carried out after adjustment of the studs, by introduction of wedging pieces in the form of a wedge between the outer edge of the spacer plates and the inner surface of the support device directed towards the beam.
  • stops have the disadvantage of occupying a large part of the width of the space reserved between the bundle envelope and the external envelope and thus limiting, appreciably, the passage section for water to spray circulating in this space without ensuring a perfect seal.
  • stops also have the disadvantage of requiring the introduction of wedging parts in notches machined at the peripheral part of the spacer plates. These notches decrease the distance between the peripheral tubes of the bundle and the edge of the spacer plates. If you want to keep a sufficient distance between the peripheral tubes and the plate, you must reduce the number of tubes in the bundle. On the other hand, the stops must have shapes which do not facilitate their fixing by welding in the wall of the bundle envelope.
  • a device allowing the radial retention of the bundle envelope and spacer plates of a steam generator and which assures a simpler and faster assembly than those known. until now.
  • This new holding device also ensures better wedging of the spacer plates, thanks to a greater range with them.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for radially holding the envelope of the tube bundle and spacer plates of a steam generator, the steam generator comprising an envelope of pressure of elongated shape along a given axis, the bundle envelope also being of elongated shape along the same axis and contained in the pressure envelope so as to leave an annular space between the two envelopes, the spacer plates being arranged at given intervals and transversely to said axis in the bundle envelope to support said tubes, the holding device consisting of stops passing through the wall of the bundle envelope and fixed to this wall at the level of the spacer plates, the stops being distributed at the periphery of each spacer plate to radially separate the bundle envelope from the pressure envelope and to exert rigid holding stresses between the spacer plates and the bundle envelope, each stop having a first fixed part on the bundle envelope and comprising means allowing their possible sliding on the internal face of the envelope pressure along said axis and means for varying their radial dimension with respect to said axis, each stop also comprising a second part having means
  • the first part comprises a cavity in which the second part forming the piston is housed in this cavity. This facilitates the assembly operations of the steam generator.
  • the elastic means may include a fluid blown into the cavity, in the space between the first part and the second part.
  • This fluid can be blown through a conduit passing through the second part.
  • the elastic means may include a spring disposed between the first part and the second part.
  • the means allowing the possible sliding of a stop on the internal face of the pressure envelope and the means for varying their radial dimension consist of at least one screw screwed into the first part, the contact between said screw and the internal face of the pressure envelope being made according to a convex end of the screw.
  • Another subject of the invention is a steam generator, the device for radially holding the envelope of the bundle of tubes and spacer plates is produced in the manner defined above.
  • Figure 1 which is an axial sectional view, we see a steam generator whose external envelope 1, resistant to pressure, contains in its lower part of smaller diameter a tubular bundle 2 comprising a set of bent tubes in the shape of an inverted U. These tubes are traversed by pressurized water forming part of the primary circuit and introduced into the steam generator under the tubular plate 3 by an inlet orifice 4. The pressurized water traverses the tubes of the tubular bundle 2 then returns under the tube plate 3 to exit through the orifice 5.
  • the tubular bundle 2 is surrounded, up to the vicinity of its lower part, by a bundle envelope 6 constituting the vaporization enclosure inside which the food water in contact with the tubular bundle 2, traversed by l at high temperature coming from the reactor core, gradually vaporizes while rising inside the enclosure 6.
  • the highest part of the steam dome is provided with an orifice 7 for the outlet of the steam to the turbine.
  • a feed water supply device (not shown) makes it possible to maintain the level 8 of the feed water in the steam generator at a certain distance above the tube bundle 2 and below the cyclones 10 constituting the first stage of the vapor separator and communicating with the top of the vaporization enclosure 6 via the tubular columns 11. These tubular columns are welded to the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure 6 and allow communication with the interior of this pregnant. This edible water first passes through the space existing between the external envelope 1 and the enclosure 6 to reach the lower end of this enclosure.
  • the vapor which has left most of the entrained water, passes through the secondary separators 12 constituted by baffles allowing a more complete drying of the vapor before it exits through the orifice 7.
  • the bundle tubes are held laterally by spacer plates 13 arranged transversely inside the bundle envelope 6. Tie rods 14 fixed at their lower part on the tube plate 1 make it possible to maintain the axial spacing of the plates. spacers 13.
  • FIG 2 is an enlargement of the area marked II in Figure 1. It allows to see one of the stops for holding a spacer plate 13.
  • the stop 15 is fixed to the bundle casing 6.
  • the casing 6 is pierced with a radial opening 16 allowing the passage and the fixing of a structure comprising a radial sheath 17 welded to the casing 6 by one of its ends and slightly projecting in space annular between the pressure envelope 1 and the bundle envelope 6.
  • the structure also comprises an annular plate 18 welded to the end of the sheath 17 which is in the annular space and partially sealing the sheath 17.
  • the structure finally comprises a second sheath 19 placed in alignment with the first sheath 17 and welded to the edge of the hole in the annular plate 18.
  • the stop comprises a part 20 of generally cylindrical shape which is engaged in the structure described above until contact with the internal wall of the pressure envelope 1.
  • the part 20 comprises a part 21 of large diameter, this diameter being very slightly less than the inside diameter of the sheath 17, and a portion 22 of small diameter, this diameter being very slightly less than the inside diameter of the sheath 19.
  • the face of the part 20 directed towards the inside of the bundle envelope 6 is machined to form a bearing surface 23 inclined with respect to the vertical by an angle close to 5 °. The angle of inclination of this bearing surface corresponds to the machining angle of the shims 24 interposed between the spacer plate 13 and the part 20.
  • the end of the part 22 of the part 20 directed towards the pressure envelope is machined to constitute a spherical bearing surface on the pressure envelope.
  • the parts 20 are placed in their housings and in contact with the pressure envelope 1. Each part 20 is then welded by a circular weld bead 25 on the internal face of the sheath 17. We then place and weld a set of shims 24 between the bearing surface 23 and the edge of the spacer plate 13 to provide a rigid support between the spacer plates and the bundle envelope.
  • the pressure casing 1, the bundle casing 6 and a spacer plate 13 can be recognized.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 illustrate a first alternative embodiment.
  • a first circular part 31 is fixed by a weld bead 34 to an axial and circular opening made on the bundle casing 6 at the level of a spacer plate 13. This part occupies part of the annular space 33 separating the two envelopes. The welding of the first part 31 of each stop on the bundle envelope is done prior to the assembly operations of the steam generator.
  • the first part 31 has at its center a circular cavity 35 on the inside of the steam generator.
  • the peripheral part of the part 31, in the form of a crown 37, has four threaded holes 36 regularly arranged on this crown.
  • four screws 38 are screwed for adjusting the position of the bundle casing 6 relative to the pressure casing 1.
  • the contact between the pressure casing and each end of the screws 38 is made along a curved face 39.
  • the second part 32 acts as a piston in the cavity 35 of the first part 31. It is intended to come to bear on the spacer plate 13 by its rear face 41.
  • a conduit 42 passes right through the part 32, connecting the rear face 41 of this part to the cavity 35.
  • the conduit 42 communicates with the rear face 41 through an orifice 43 adapted to receive a compressed air supply nozzle.
  • the bundle envelope 6 is placed in position in the pressure envelope 1 while respecting the spacing required between the two envelopes by means of rods through a hole provided for this purpose in the bundle envelope.
  • the screws 38 for example of the hexagon socket type, are then adjusted by means of an Allen key to obtain contact with the internal wall of the pressure casing. They can then be stopped by a welding point produced between each of the screws 38 and the first part 31.
  • the piston 32 is introduced into the cavity 35, then brought into contact with the spacer plate 13, duly positioned, by inflation.
  • the inflation can be done by compressed air at a pressure of 7 bars.
  • the position obtained is then stopped using a weld bead 44 connecting the parts 31 and 32.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a second alternative embodiment.
  • the elastic pressure intended to bring the part 32 into contact with the spacer plate 13 is in this case provided by a coil spring 45 housed in the cavity 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for radial holding of the wrapper of the tube bundle and the support plates of a steam generator, consisting of stops penetrating the wall of the bundle wrapper and fixed to this wall at the support plates, the stops being distributed at the periphery of each support plate in order radially to separate the bundle wrapper from the pressure casing of the steam generator. Each stop comprises a first part (31) fixed onto the bundle wrapper (6), placed in contact with the internal face of the pressure casing (1), and a second part (32) exerting a rigid holding constraint on the support plate via elastic means. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de maintien radial de l'enveloppe de faisceau et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur.The present invention relates to a device for radially holding the bundle envelope and the spacer plates of a steam generator.

Les échangeurs de chaleur tels que les générateurs de vapeur d'un réacteur nucléaire à eau sous pression comportent un faisceau tubulaire constitué par un très grand nombre de tubes de petit diamètre disposé verticalement à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe de faisceau de forme générale cylindrique elle-même disposée à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe en pression rigide externe de grande épaisseur du générateur de vapeur.Heat exchangers such as the steam generators of a pressurized water nuclear reactor comprise a tube bundle constituted by a very large number of small diameter tubes arranged vertically inside a bundle envelope of generally cylindrical shape. itself arranged inside the envelope in external rigid pressure of great thickness of the steam generator.

L'eau sous pression du réacteur nucléaire circule à l'intérieur des tubes de petit diamètre et l'eau à vaporiser est introduite à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe du faisceau où elle entre en contact avec la surface externe des tubes. La vapeur est récupérée à la partie supérieure de l'enveloppe du faisceau puis elle est généralement asséchée dans des séparateurs vapeur-eau disposés dans l'enveloppe externe du générateur de vapeur au-dessus de l'enveloppe du faisceau.The pressurized water from the nuclear reactor circulates inside the small diameter tubes and the water to be vaporized is introduced inside the bundle envelope where it comes into contact with the external surface of the tubes. The vapor is recovered at the top of the bundle envelope and then it is generally dried in steam-water separators arranged in the external envelope of the steam generator above the bundle envelope.

Les générateurs de vapeur constituent des unités de très grande hauteur dans lesquelles les différentes enveloppes coaxiales sont disposées avec un espacement radial généralement faible.The steam generators are very tall units in which the various coaxial envelopes are arranged with a generally small radial spacing.

Il est connu d'utiliser des plaques-entretoises dans lesquelles passent les tubes du faisceau, réparties suivant la hauteur du faisceau, pour maintenir les tubes dans des positions radiales fixes les uns par rapport aux autres. Ces plaques-entretoises sont reliées entre elles par des tirants verticaux, l'ensemble étant placé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe de faisceau.It is known to use spacer plates through which the tubes of the bundle pass, distributed along the height of the bundle, to maintain the tubes in fixed radial positions with respect to each other. These spacer plates are connected together by vertical tie rods, the assembly being placed inside the bundle envelope.

Il importe donc de maintenir les différentes enveloppes coaxiales des générateurs de vapeur, et l'ensemble du faisceau par les plaques-entretoises dans les directions radiales, de façon à éviter des déplacements relatifs et des chocs entre ces enveloppes et le faisceau en cas de sollicitations extérieures telles que celles qui accompagent un séisme.It is therefore important to maintain the various coaxial envelopes of the steam generators, and the entire bundle by the spacer plates in the radial directions, so as to avoid relative displacements and shocks between these envelopes and the bundle in the event of stresses. such as those accompanying an earthquake.

Ce maintien radial est obtenu par des butées fixées sur l'enveloppe du faisceau au niveau des plaques-entretoises et à raison de plusieurs butées par plaque-entretoise. Ces butées sont alors régulièrement réparties à la périphérie des plaques-entretoises.This radial retention is obtained by stops fixed on the bundle envelope at the level of the spacer plates and at the rate of several stops per spacer plate. These stops are then regularly distributed around the periphery of the spacer plates.

On connaît par le document FR-A-2 511 491 un tel dispositif de maintien. Il est constitué par des pièces ayant une épaisseur supérieure à l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe de faisceau et percées de trous taraudés à l'intérieur desquels on peut visser des goujons filetés dont l'extrémité saillante dans l'espace existant entre l'enveloppe de faisceau et l'enveloppe externe rigide vient en appui contre la surface intérieure de cette enveloppe externe. La mise en appui de ces butées est réalisée après réglage des goujons, par introduction de pièces de calage en forme de coin entre le bord externe des plaques-entretoises et la surface intérieure du dispositif d'appui dirigée vers le faisceau.Document FR-A-2 511 491 discloses such a holding device. It is made up of parts having a thickness greater than the thickness of the bundle casing and pierced with threaded holes inside of which threaded studs can be screwed, the projecting end of which in the space existing between the casing beam and the rigid outer casing bears against the inner surface of this outer casing. The abutment of these stops is carried out after adjustment of the studs, by introduction of wedging pieces in the form of a wedge between the outer edge of the spacer plates and the inner surface of the support device directed towards the beam.

De telles butées ont l'inconvénient d'occuper une grande partie de la largeur de l'espace réservé entre l'enveloppe de faisceau et l'enveloppe externe et de limiter ainsi, de façon appréciable, la section de passage pour l'eau à vaporiser circulant dans cet espace sans assurer une parfaite étanchéité. Ces butées ont également l'inconvénient de nécessiter l'introduction de pièces de calage dans des échancrures usinées à la partie périphérique des plaques-entretoises. Ces échancrures diminuent d'autant la distance entre les tubes périphériques du faisceau et le bord des plaques-entretoises. Si l'on veut conserver une distance suffisante entre les tubes périphériques et la plaque, il faut alors diminuer le nombre de tubes du faisceau. D'autre part, les butées doivent présenter des formes qui ne facilitent pas leur fixation par soudage dans la paroi de l'enveloppe de faisceau.Such stops have the disadvantage of occupying a large part of the width of the space reserved between the bundle envelope and the external envelope and thus limiting, appreciably, the passage section for water to spray circulating in this space without ensuring a perfect seal. These stops also have the disadvantage of requiring the introduction of wedging parts in notches machined at the peripheral part of the spacer plates. These notches decrease the distance between the peripheral tubes of the bundle and the edge of the spacer plates. If you want to keep a sufficient distance between the peripheral tubes and the plate, you must reduce the number of tubes in the bundle. On the other hand, the stops must have shapes which do not facilitate their fixing by welding in the wall of the bundle envelope.

D'autres dispositifs de maintien radial de l'enveloppe de faisceau et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur ont été divulgés par le brevet FR-A-2 562 996 de FRAMATOME et par des brevets américains US-A-4 503 903, US-A-4 583 584, US-A-4 690 206 et US-A-4 768 582. Tous ces dispositifs ne donnent pas entière satisfaction. Leur montage est en général compliqué, par l'utilisation de cales pour certains. Quelques uns de ces dispositifs n'offrent pas de portée suffisante pour un maintien satisfaisant des plaques-entretoises.Other devices for radially retaining the bundle envelope and the spacer plates of a steam generator have been disclosed by patent FR-A-2,562,996 to FRAMATOME and by American patents US-A-4,503 903, US-A-4 583 584, US-A-4 690 206 and US-A-4 768 582. All these devices are not entirely satisfactory. Their assembly is generally complicated, by the use of shims for some. Some of these devices do not offer sufficient range for satisfactory maintenance of the spacer plates.

Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, on propose, selon la présente invention, un dispositif permettant le maintien radial de l'enveloppe de faisceau et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur et qui assure un montage plus simple et plus rapide que ceux connus jusqu'à présent. Ce nouveau dispositif de maintien assure également un meilleur calage des plaques-entretoises, grâce à une portée plus importante avec ceux-ci. Ces avantages sont notamment obtenus par l'utilisation de butées à positionnement élastique.To overcome these drawbacks, there is provided, according to the present invention, a device allowing the radial retention of the bundle envelope and spacer plates of a steam generator and which assures a simpler and faster assembly than those known. until now. This new holding device also ensures better wedging of the spacer plates, thanks to a greater range with them. These advantages are notably obtained by the use of stops with elastic positioning.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif de maintien radial de l'enveloppe du faisceau de tubes et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur, le générateur de vapeur comprenant une enveloppe de pression de forme allongée selon un axe donné, l'enveloppe de faisceau étant également de forme allongée selon le même axe et contenue dans l'enveloppe de pression de façon à laisser un espace annulaire entre les deux enveloppes, les plaques-entretoises étant disposées à des intervalles donnés et transversalement audit axe dans l'enveloppe de faisceau pour supporter lesdits tubes, le dispositif de maintien étant constitué de butées traversant la paroi de l'enveloppe de faisceau et fixées à cette paroi au niveau des plaques-entretoises, les butées étant réparties à la périphérie de chaque plaque-entretoise pour séparer radialement l'enveloppe de faisceau de l'enveloppe de pression et pour exercer des contraintes de maintien rigide entre les plaques-entretoises et l'enveloppe de faisceau, chaque butée comportant une première pièce fixée sur l'enveloppe de faisceau et comprenant des moyens permettant leur glissement éventuel sur la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression selon ledit axe et des moyens pour faire varier leur dimension radiale par rapport audit axe, chaque butée comportant également une deuxième pièce possédant des moyens pour exercer ladite contrainte de maintien rigide sur la plaque entretoise, des moyens de fixation étant prévus pour immobiliser la deuxième pièce par rapport à l'enveloppe de faisceau après mise en contact de la deuxième pièce et de la plaque-entretoise, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce est reliée à la première pièce par des moyens élastiques permettant de la rendre mobile par rapport à cette première pièce selon une direction radiale par rapport audit axe entre une première position correspondant à une dimension radiale minimale de la butée et une seconde position correspondant au contact avec la plaque-entretoise.The invention therefore relates to a device for radially holding the envelope of the tube bundle and spacer plates of a steam generator, the steam generator comprising an envelope of pressure of elongated shape along a given axis, the bundle envelope also being of elongated shape along the same axis and contained in the pressure envelope so as to leave an annular space between the two envelopes, the spacer plates being arranged at given intervals and transversely to said axis in the bundle envelope to support said tubes, the holding device consisting of stops passing through the wall of the bundle envelope and fixed to this wall at the level of the spacer plates, the stops being distributed at the periphery of each spacer plate to radially separate the bundle envelope from the pressure envelope and to exert rigid holding stresses between the spacer plates and the bundle envelope, each stop having a first fixed part on the bundle envelope and comprising means allowing their possible sliding on the internal face of the envelope pressure along said axis and means for varying their radial dimension with respect to said axis, each stop also comprising a second part having means for exerting said rigid holding stress on the spacer plate, fixing means being provided for immobilizing the second part with respect to the bundle envelope after contacting the second part and the spacer plate, characterized in that the second part is connected to the first part by elastic means making it movable relative to this first part in a radial direction relative to said axis between a first position corresponding to a minimum radial dimension of the stop and a second position corresponding to the contact with the spacer plate.

Avantageusement, la première pièce comporte une cavité dans laquelle se loge la deuxième pièce formant piston dans cette cavité. Ceci facilite les opérations de montage du générateur de vapeur.Advantageously, the first part comprises a cavity in which the second part forming the piston is housed in this cavity. This facilitates the assembly operations of the steam generator.

Les moyens élastiques peuvent comprendre un fluide insufflé dans la cavité, dans l'espace situé entre la première pièce et la deuxième pièce.The elastic means may include a fluid blown into the cavity, in the space between the first part and the second part.

Ce fluide peut être insufflé par un conduit traversant la deuxième pièce.This fluid can be blown through a conduit passing through the second part.

Les moyens élastiques peuvent comprendre un ressort disposé entre la première pièce et la deuxième pièce.The elastic means may include a spring disposed between the first part and the second part.

De préférence, les moyens permettant le glissement éventuel d'une butée sur la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression et les moyens pour faire varier leur dimension radiale sont constitués par au moins une vis vissée dans la première pièce, le contact entre ladite vis et la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression se faisant selon une extrémité bombée de la vis.Preferably, the means allowing the possible sliding of a stop on the internal face of the pressure envelope and the means for varying their radial dimension consist of at least one screw screwed into the first part, the contact between said screw and the internal face of the pressure envelope being made according to a convex end of the screw.

L'invention a aussi pour objet un générateur de vapeur dont le dispositif de maintien radial de l'enveloppe du faisceau de tubes et des plaques-entretoises est réalisé de la manière définie ci-dessus.Another subject of the invention is a steam generator, the device for radially holding the envelope of the bundle of tubes and spacer plates is produced in the manner defined above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages et particularités apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, accompagnée des dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe verticale d'un générateur de vapeur utilisé dans les réacteurs nucléaires à eau pressurisée ;
  • la figure 2 représente une butée connue de maintien radial de l'enveloppe de faisceau et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur ;
  • la figure 3 représente, selon la coupe III-III de la figure 4, une butée de maintien radial selon l'invention dans une vue correspondant à celle de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de la butée de maintien radial selon la flèche IV de la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 5 représente une variante de butée de maintien radial selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages and features will appear on reading the description which follows, given by way of nonlimiting example, accompanied by the appended drawings among which:
  • Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional view of a steam generator used in pressurized water nuclear reactors;
  • FIG. 2 represents a known stop for radial retention of the bundle envelope and of the spacer plates of a steam generator;
  • 3 shows, according to section III-III of Figure 4, a radial retaining stop according to the invention in a view corresponding to that of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a view of the radial retaining stop according to arrow IV of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 represents a variant of radial retention stop according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1, qui est une vue en coupe axiale, on voit un générateur de vapeur dont l'enveloppe externe 1, résistant à la pression, renferme dans sa partie inférieure de plus faible diamètre un faisceau tubulaire 2 comportant un ensemble de tubes coudés en forme de U renversé. Ces tubes sont parcourus par de l'eau sous pression faisant partie du circuit primaire et introduite dans le générateur de vapeur sous la plaque tubulaire 3 par un orifice d'entrée 4. L'eau sous pression parcourt les tubes du faisceau tubulaire 2 puis revient sous la plaque tubulaire 3 pour sortir par l'orifice 5.In Figure 1, which is an axial sectional view, we see a steam generator whose external envelope 1, resistant to pressure, contains in its lower part of smaller diameter a tubular bundle 2 comprising a set of bent tubes in the shape of an inverted U. These tubes are traversed by pressurized water forming part of the primary circuit and introduced into the steam generator under the tubular plate 3 by an inlet orifice 4. The pressurized water traverses the tubes of the tubular bundle 2 then returns under the tube plate 3 to exit through the orifice 5.

Le faisceau tubulaire 2 est entouré, jusqu'au voisinage de sa partie inférieure, par une enveloppe de faisceau 6 constituant l'enceinte de vaporisation à l'intérieur de laquelle l'eau alimentaire en contact avec le faisceau tubulaire 2, parcouru par de l'eau à haute température venant du coeur du réacteur, se vaporise progressivement en s'élévant à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 6. La partie la plus haute du dôme de vapeur est pourvue d'un orifice 7 de sortie de la vapeur vers la turbine.The tubular bundle 2 is surrounded, up to the vicinity of its lower part, by a bundle envelope 6 constituting the vaporization enclosure inside which the food water in contact with the tubular bundle 2, traversed by l at high temperature coming from the reactor core, gradually vaporizes while rising inside the enclosure 6. The highest part of the steam dome is provided with an orifice 7 for the outlet of the steam to the turbine.

Un dispositif d'amenée d'eau alimentaire non représenté permet de maintenir le niveau 8 de l'eau alimentaire dans le générateur de vapeur à une certaine distance au-dessus du faisceau tubulaire 2 et en dessous des cyclones 10 constituant le premier étage du séparateur de vapeur et communiquant avec le haut de l'enceinte de vaporisation 6 par l'intermédiaire des colonnes tubulaires 11. Ces colonnes tubulaires sont soudées sur le toit 9 de l'enceinte de vaporisation 6 et permettent la communication avec l'intérieur de cette enceinte. Cette eau alimentaire passe d'abord dans l'espace existant entre l'enveloppe externe 1 et l'enceinte 6 pour atteindre l'extrémité inférieure de cette enceinte.A feed water supply device (not shown) makes it possible to maintain the level 8 of the feed water in the steam generator at a certain distance above the tube bundle 2 and below the cyclones 10 constituting the first stage of the vapor separator and communicating with the top of the vaporization enclosure 6 via the tubular columns 11. These tubular columns are welded to the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure 6 and allow communication with the interior of this pregnant. This edible water first passes through the space existing between the external envelope 1 and the enclosure 6 to reach the lower end of this enclosure.

A la sortie des cyclones 10, la vapeur, qui a abandonné la plus grande partie de l'eau entraînée, passe dans les séparateurs secondaires 12 constitués par des chicanes permettant un séchage plus complet de la vapeur avant sa sortie par l'orifice 7.At the outlet of the cyclones 10, the vapor, which has left most of the entrained water, passes through the secondary separators 12 constituted by baffles allowing a more complete drying of the vapor before it exits through the orifice 7.

Les tubes du faisceau sont maintenus latéralement par des plaques-entretoises 13 disposées transversalement à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe de faisceau 6. Des tirants 14 fixés à leur partie inférieure sur la plaque tubulaire 1 permettent de maintenir l'espacement axial des plaques-entretoises 13.The bundle tubes are held laterally by spacer plates 13 arranged transversely inside the bundle envelope 6. Tie rods 14 fixed at their lower part on the tube plate 1 make it possible to maintain the axial spacing of the plates. spacers 13.

La figure 2 est un agrandissement de la zone repérée II sur la figure 1. Elle permet de voir l'une des butées de maintien d'une plaque-entretoise 13. La butée 15 est fixée à l'enveloppe de faisceau 6. Pour réaliser cette fixation, l'enveloppe 6 est percée d'une ouverture radiale 16 permettant le passage et la fixation d'une structure comprenant un fourreau radial 17 soudé sur l'enveloppe 6 par l'une de ses extrémités et légèrement saillant dans l'espace annulaire compris entre l'enveloppe de pression 1 et l'enveloppe de faisceau 6. La structure comprend encore une plaque annulaire 18 soudée sur l'extrémité du fourreau 17 qui se trouve dans l'espace annulaire et obturant partiellement le fourreau 17. La structure comprend enfin un second fourreau 19 placé dans l'alignement du premier fourreau 17 et soudé sur le bord du trou de la plaque annulaire 18.Figure 2 is an enlargement of the area marked II in Figure 1. It allows to see one of the stops for holding a spacer plate 13. The stop 15 is fixed to the bundle casing 6. To achieve this fixing, the casing 6 is pierced with a radial opening 16 allowing the passage and the fixing of a structure comprising a radial sheath 17 welded to the casing 6 by one of its ends and slightly projecting in space annular between the pressure envelope 1 and the bundle envelope 6. The structure also comprises an annular plate 18 welded to the end of the sheath 17 which is in the annular space and partially sealing the sheath 17. The structure finally comprises a second sheath 19 placed in alignment with the first sheath 17 and welded to the edge of the hole in the annular plate 18.

La butée comprend une pièce 20 de forme générale cylindrique qui est engagée dans la structure décrite ci-dessus jusqu'au contact avec la paroi interne de l'enveloppe de pression 1. La pièce 20 comprend une partie 21 de grand diamètre, ce diamètre étant très légèrement inférieur au diamètre intérieur du fourreau 17, et une partie 22 de petit diamètre, ce diamètre étant très légèrement inférieur au diamètre intérieur du fourreau 19. La face de la pièce 20 dirigée vers l'intérieur de l'enveloppe de faisceau 6 est usinée pour constituer une surface d'appui 23 inclinée par rapport à la verticale d'un angle voisin de 5°. L'angle d'inclinaison de cette surface d'appui correspond à l'angle d'usinage des cales 24 interposées entre la plaque-entretoise 13 et la pièce 20.The stop comprises a part 20 of generally cylindrical shape which is engaged in the structure described above until contact with the internal wall of the pressure envelope 1. The part 20 comprises a part 21 of large diameter, this diameter being very slightly less than the inside diameter of the sheath 17, and a portion 22 of small diameter, this diameter being very slightly less than the inside diameter of the sheath 19. The face of the part 20 directed towards the inside of the bundle envelope 6 is machined to form a bearing surface 23 inclined with respect to the vertical by an angle close to 5 °. The angle of inclination of this bearing surface corresponds to the machining angle of the shims 24 interposed between the spacer plate 13 and the part 20.

L'extrémité de la partie 22 de la pièce 20 dirigée vers l'enveloppe de pression est usinée pour constituer une surface d'appui sphérique sur l'enveloppe de pression.The end of the part 22 of the part 20 directed towards the pressure envelope is machined to constitute a spherical bearing surface on the pressure envelope.

Pour la mise en place des butées de maintien, on place les pièces 20 dans leurs logements et en contact avec l'enveloppe de pression 1. Chaque pièce 20 est alors soudée par un cordon de soudure circulaire 25 sur la face interne du fourreau 17. On vient ensuite placer et souder un jeu de cales 24 entre la surface d'appui 23 et le chant de la plaque-entretoise 13 pour réaliser un maintien rigide entre les plaques-entretoises et l'enveloppe de faisceau.For the installation of the retaining stops, the parts 20 are placed in their housings and in contact with the pressure envelope 1. Each part 20 is then welded by a circular weld bead 25 on the internal face of the sheath 17. We then place and weld a set of shims 24 between the bearing surface 23 and the edge of the spacer plate 13 to provide a rigid support between the spacer plates and the bundle envelope.

On va décrire maintenant deux variantes du dispositif de maintien selon l'invention qui n'emploient pas de cales comme le dispositif de l'art antérieur, en relation avec les figures 3 à 5.We will now describe two variants of the holding device according to the invention which do not use shims like the device of the prior art, in relation to FIGS. 3 to 5.

Sur ces figures, on reconnaît l'enveloppe de pression 1, l'enveloppe de faisceau 6 et une plaque-entretoise 13.In these figures, the pressure casing 1, the bundle casing 6 and a spacer plate 13 can be recognized.

Les figures 3 et 4 illustrent une première variante de réalisation. Une première pièce circulaire 31 est fixée par un cordon de soudure 34 sur une ouverture axiale et circulaire effectuée sur l'enveloppe de faisceau 6 au niveau d'une plaque-entretoise 13. Cette pièce occupe une partie de l'espace annulaire 33 séparant les deux enveloppes. La soudure de la première pièce 31 de chaque butée sur l'enveloppe de faisceau se fait préalablement aux opérations de montage du générateur de vapeur.Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a first alternative embodiment. A first circular part 31 is fixed by a weld bead 34 to an axial and circular opening made on the bundle casing 6 at the level of a spacer plate 13. This part occupies part of the annular space 33 separating the two envelopes. The welding of the first part 31 of each stop on the bundle envelope is done prior to the assembly operations of the steam generator.

La première pièce 31 comporte en son centre une cavité circulaire 35 du côté intérieur du générateur de vapeur. La partie périphérique de la pièce 31, en forme de couronne 37, possède quatre trous filetés 36 régulièrement disposés sur cette couronne. Dans ces trous filetés 36, on visse quatre vis 38 pour le réglage de la position de l'enveloppe de faisceau 6 par rapport à l'enveloppe de pression 1. Le contact entre l'enveloppe de pression et chaque extrémité des vis 38 se fait selon une face bombée 39.The first part 31 has at its center a circular cavity 35 on the inside of the steam generator. The peripheral part of the part 31, in the form of a crown 37, has four threaded holes 36 regularly arranged on this crown. In these threaded holes 36, four screws 38 are screwed for adjusting the position of the bundle casing 6 relative to the pressure casing 1. The contact between the pressure casing and each end of the screws 38 is made along a curved face 39.

La deuxième pièce 32, de forme cylindrique, fait office de piston dans la cavité 35 de la première pièce 31. Elle est destinée à venir en appui sur la plaque-entretoise 13 par sa face arrière 41.The second part 32, of cylindrical shape, acts as a piston in the cavity 35 of the first part 31. It is intended to come to bear on the spacer plate 13 by its rear face 41.

Un conduit 42 traverse de part en part la pièce 32, reliant la face arrière 41 de cette pièce à la cavité 35. Le conduit 42 communique avec la face arrière 41 par un orifice 43 apte à recevoir une buse d'alimentation en air comprimé.A conduit 42 passes right through the part 32, connecting the rear face 41 of this part to the cavity 35. The conduit 42 communicates with the rear face 41 through an orifice 43 adapted to receive a compressed air supply nozzle.

Au montage, l'enveloppe de faisceau 6 est mise en position dans l'enveloppe de pression 1 en respectant l'espacement requis entre les deux enveloppes au moyen de piges à travers un trou prévu à cet effet dans l'enveloppe de faisceau. Les vis 38, par exemple du type à six pans creux, sont alors ajustées au moyen d'une clé Allen pour obtenir le contact avec la paroi interne de l'enveloppe de pression. Elles peuvent alors être arrêtées par un point de soudure réalisé entre chacune des vis 38 et la première pièce 31.During assembly, the bundle envelope 6 is placed in position in the pressure envelope 1 while respecting the spacing required between the two envelopes by means of rods through a hole provided for this purpose in the bundle envelope. The screws 38, for example of the hexagon socket type, are then adjusted by means of an Allen key to obtain contact with the internal wall of the pressure casing. They can then be stopped by a welding point produced between each of the screws 38 and the first part 31.

Ensuite le piston 32 est introduit dans la cavité 35, puis amené au contact de la plaque-entretoise 13, dûment positionnée, par gonflage. Le gonflage peut se faire par de l'air comprimé sous une pression de 7 bars. La position obtenue est alors arrêtée à l'aide d'un cordon de soudure 44 reliant les pièces 31 et 32.Then the piston 32 is introduced into the cavity 35, then brought into contact with the spacer plate 13, duly positioned, by inflation. The inflation can be done by compressed air at a pressure of 7 bars. The position obtained is then stopped using a weld bead 44 connecting the parts 31 and 32.

La figure 5 illustre une deuxième variante de réalisation. La pression élastique destinée à mettre la pièce 32 en contact avec la plaque-entretoise 13 est dans ce cas assurée par un ressort à boudin 45 logé dans la cavité 35.Figure 5 illustrates a second alternative embodiment. The elastic pressure intended to bring the part 32 into contact with the spacer plate 13 is in this case provided by a coil spring 45 housed in the cavity 35.

Il est possible dans l'une et l'autre variante de l'invention d'assurer un contact de grande portée entre le chant de la plaque-entretoise 13 et la face arrière 41 de la pièce 32.It is possible in both variants of the invention to provide a long-range contact between the edge of the spacer plate 13 and the rear face 41 of the part 32.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de maintien radial de l'enveloppe du faisceau de tubes et des plaques-entretoises d'un générateur de vapeur, le générateur de vapeur comprenant une enveloppe de pression (1) de forme allongée selon un axe donné, l'enveloppe de faisceau (6) étant également de forme allongée selon le même axe et contenue dans l'enveloppe de pression de façon à laisser un espace annulaire entre les deux enveloppes, les plaques-entretoises (13) étant disposées à des intervalles donnés et transversalement audit axe dans l'enveloppe de faisceau pour supporter lesdits tubes, le dispositif de maintien étant constitué de butées traversant la paroi de l'enveloppe de faisceau et fixées à cette paroi au niveau des plaques-entretoises, les butées étant réparties à la périphérie de chaque plaque-entretoise pour séparer radialement l'enveloppe de faisceau de l'enveloppe de pression et pour exercer des contraintes de maintien rigide entre les plaques-entretoises et l'enveloppe de faisceau, chaque butée comportant une première pièce (31) fixée sur l'enveloppe de faisceau (6) et comprenant des moyens permettant leur glissement éventuel sur la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression selon ledit axe et des moyens pour faire varier leur dimension radiale par rapport audit axe, chaque butée comportant également une deuxième pièce (32) possédant des moyens pour exercer ladite contrainte de maintien rigide sur la plaque entretoise, des moyens de fixation étant prévus pour immobiliser la deuxième pièce (32) par rapport à l'enveloppe de faisceau après mise en contact de la deuxième pièce (32) et de la plaque-entretoise (13), caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce (32) est reliée à la première pièce (31) par des moyens élastiques permettant de la rendre mobile par rapport à cette première pièce selon une direction radiale par rapport audit axe entre une première position correspondant à une dimension radiale minimale de la butée et une seconde position correspondant au contact avec la plaque-entretoise.Device for radially maintaining the envelope of the tube bundle and the spacer plates of a steam generator, the steam generator comprising a pressure envelope (1) of elongated shape along a given axis, the bundle envelope ( 6) also being elongated along the same axis and contained in the pressure envelope so as to leave an annular space between the two envelopes, the spacer plates (13) being arranged at given intervals and transversely to said axis in the bundle envelope for supporting said tubes, the holding device consisting of stops passing through the wall of the beam envelope and fixed to this wall at the level of the spacer plates, the stops being distributed at the periphery of each spacer plate to radially separate the bundle casing from the pressure casing and to exert rigid holding stresses between the spacer plates and the casing beam, each stop comprising a first piece (31) fixed to the beam envelope (6) and comprising means allowing their possible sliding on the internal face of the pressure envelope along said axis and means for varying their dimension radial with respect to said axis, each stop also comprising a second part (32) having means for exerting said rigid holding constraint on the spacer plate, fixing means being provided for immobilizing the second part (32) relative to the bundle casing after contacting the second part (32) and the spacer plate (13), characterized in that the second part (32) is connected to the first part (31) by elastic means allowing the make it mobile with respect to this first part in a radial direction with respect to said axis between a first position corresponding to a minimum radial dimension of the stop and a second position corresponding to contact with the spacer plate. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce (31) comporte une cavité (35) dans laquelle se loge la deuxième pièce (32) formant piston dans cette cavité.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first part (31) has a cavity (35) in which is housed the second part (32) forming a piston in this cavity. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens élastiques comprennent un fluide insufflé dans la cavité, dans l'espace situé entre la première pièce (31) et la deuxième pièce (32).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic means comprise a fluid blown into the cavity, in the space between the first part (31) and the second part (32). Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit fluide est insufflé par un conduit (42) traversant la deuxième pièce (32).Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said fluid is blown through a conduit (42) passing through the second part (32). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens élastiques comprennant un ressort (45) disposé entre la première pièce (31) et la deuxième pièce (32).Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic means comprising a spring (45) disposed between the first part (31) and the second part (32). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens permettant le glissement éventuel d'une butée sur la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression et les moyens pour faire varier leur dimension radiale sont constitués par au moins une vis (38) vissée dans la première pièce (31), le contact entre ladite vis (38) et la face interne de l'enveloppe de pression (1) se faisant selon une extrémité bombée (39) de la vis.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the means allowing the possible sliding of a stop on the internal face of the pressure envelope and the means for varying their radial dimension are constituted by at least a screw (38) screwed into the first part (31), the contact between said screw (38) and the internal face of the pressure envelope (1) being made at a convex end (39) of the screw. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de fixation sont constitués par une soudure effectuée entre la première pièce (31) et la deuxième pièce (32).Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the said fixing means consist of a weld made between the first part (31) and the second part (32). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le contact entre la deuxième pièce (32) et la plaque-entretoise (13) se fait selon une face de grande portée de la deuxième pièce exerçant une pression sur le chant de la plaque-entretoise.Device according to any one of previous claims, characterized in that the contact between the second part (32) and the spacer plate (13) takes place along a large-span face of the second part exerting pressure on the edge of the spacer plate. Générateur de vapeur dont le dispositif de maintien radial de l'enveloppe du faisceau de tubes et des plaques-entretoises est réalisé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.Steam generator, the device for radially holding the envelope of the tube bundle and the spacer plates is produced according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
EP94402296A 1993-10-14 1994-10-12 Steam generator with radial support for tube inner shell and tube support plate Expired - Lifetime EP0648974B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9312217 1993-10-14
FR9312217A FR2711223B1 (en) 1993-10-14 1993-10-14 Device for radially maintaining the bundle envelope and the spacer plates of a steam generator by elastic positioning stops.

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EP0648974A1 true EP0648974A1 (en) 1995-04-19
EP0648974B1 EP0648974B1 (en) 1998-12-23

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EP (1) EP0648974B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100334152B1 (en)
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EP0648974B1 (en) 1998-12-23
KR960015602A (en) 1996-05-22
US5497827A (en) 1996-03-12
TW270206B (en) 1996-02-11
FR2711223B1 (en) 1995-11-03
FR2711223A1 (en) 1995-04-21
DE69415467T2 (en) 1999-06-24
CN1111740A (en) 1995-11-15
KR100334152B1 (en) 2002-11-27
DE69415467D1 (en) 1999-02-04

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