EP0646282B1 - Electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0646282B1
EP0646282B1 EP93909803A EP93909803A EP0646282B1 EP 0646282 B1 EP0646282 B1 EP 0646282B1 EP 93909803 A EP93909803 A EP 93909803A EP 93909803 A EP93909803 A EP 93909803A EP 0646282 B1 EP0646282 B1 EP 0646282B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
contact spring
base body
yoke
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93909803A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0646282A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Hendel
Bernhard Kleine-Onnebrink
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/005—Inversing contactors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/12—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in both directions due to the energisation of one or the other of two electromagnets without the storage of energy to effect the return movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04—Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H2050/049—Assembling or mounting multiple relays in one common housing

Definitions

  • contact springs arranged between the armature and the coil can be switched between the rest position and a working position by the armature, at least two fixed counter-contact elements anchored in the base body each having at least one contact spring in at least one of them Give switch positions contact.
  • the arrangement of a holding pin for a contact spring in the area between the armature and coil provided here can influence the function of the relay in that, via the contact spring with a bearing pin serving as a connecting pin and the counter-contact element when the contact is closed, one through the iron circle of core, yoke and armature guided current loop can be formed, the magnetic field of which overlaps the excitation circuit of the coil.
  • the additionally generated magnetic flux can be directed in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the excitation flux and thus increase or weaken the attraction force on the armature.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide the possibility by constructive design of a relay structure of the type mentioned that the loop effect of the retaining pin arranged between armature, yoke and core can be switched off at least for certain applications with high switching currents.
  • this aim is achieved in that a connecting pin for the contact spring is anchored in the base body on the side of the armature or the yoke opposite the contact spring and is conductively connected to the contact spring by way of a bracket section which overlaps the armature or the yoke.
  • the solution according to the invention to the described problem is achieved in that the connecting pins of both contact springs are anchored in the area between the armature and the one coil in the base body, the one connecting pin as Hal pin for the one contact spring and the other is connected to the other contact spring by a bracket section spanning the armature.
  • This other contact spring accordingly has a retaining pin which does not serve as a connecting pin or at least does not have to be used as such.
  • the retaining pin of the other contact spring is designed as a connecting pin. So this additional pin can be used instead of the opposite pin or in addition to this for guiding the load current.
  • the holding pin can also be used as a connecting pin for both contact springs. If, on the other hand, it is desired that the loop effect is only partially effective, the retaining pin of this other contact spring can be connected in parallel to the separate connecting pin connected to it, so that half of the load current flows over both pins. The loop effect is then only about half of the loop current effect when the full load current is conducted via the relevant bearing pin.
  • a U-shaped connecting bracket is fastened across the armature with both ends in the base body, a first leg forming the connecting pin and a second leg forming a retaining pin for the contact spring connected to the connecting pin.
  • This U-shaped connection bracket is expediently plugged into the base body, while the separate connection and retaining pin of the former contact spring can be embedded in the base body.
  • the relay shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a base body 1 which has two coil bodies 2 and 3 connected in one piece and a contact space 4 formed between the two coil bodies.
  • a winding 23 is applied to the bobbin 2 between two flanges 21 and 22, and a winding 33 is applied to the bobbin 3 between flanges 31 and 32.
  • the two coils can be individually controlled and excited via separate winding connections.
  • a U-shaped contact plate 5 is fastened by insertion, which forms two external contact elements 51 and 52 in one piece and is guided with a connecting pin 53 through the base of the base body.
  • Another contact plate 6 forms a center contact element 61 and a connecting pin 62 which is guided through the bottom of the base body.
  • the external contact elements 51 and 52 are each provided with a contact piece, and the center contact element 61 is provided with two contact pieces.
  • two contact springs 7 and 8, which consist of leaf spring material, are arranged in the contact chamber 4. Each contact spring is bent at a fastening end to form an adapter sleeve and is attached to a connecting and holding pin 9 or 10. Contrary to the fastening ends, the contact springs each form contact-making ends 72 and 82, which are each provided with contact pieces on both sides and can be switched between the center contact element 61 and a respective counter-contact element 51 or 52.
  • the contact springs 7 and 8 are each biased towards the center contact element 61. Own in their middle part the contact springs each have an invisible cutout which is adapted to the curvature of the associated coil core and enables the contact spring to move freely above the coil core.
  • a yoke-armature assembly is placed on the bobbin provided with windings and contact elements. It consists of a yoke 12 with two side sections 121 and 122 and an elongated central section 123. This yoke is plugged onto the coil flanges 21 and 31. An anchor 13 is also mounted on the central section 123 of the yoke and is held in corresponding bearing notches of the yoke with retaining tabs 131 and 132.
  • Switch cams 134 are formed on both sides of the armature 13 and are used to actuate the contact springs 7 and 8. The function can thus be recognized from the constructive design.
  • both contact springs 7 and 8 rest with their contacting ends on the center contact element 61.
  • the armature is attracted to an associated core 14 or 15, whereby it brings the associated contact spring 7 or 8 into contact with the corresponding external contact element 51 or 52.
  • the respective other contact spring remains on the center contact element 61 or returns to it.
  • the two retaining pins 9 and 10 are also used as connecting pins for the two contact springs, such that the switching current flows through one or the other retaining pin, the current loop formed in this way in the iron circuit of Kern can be used for very high switching currents.
  • Yoke and armature generate such a strong additional magnetic field that under certain circumstances the armature in the circuit in question no longer drops even after the excitation is switched off.
  • a Additional connector pin 110 is provided in the area between the armature 13 and the coil winding 33, which overlaps the armature via a bracket section 111 and is connected to the holding pin 9 of the contact spring 7.
  • the connecting pin 110 forms with the bracket section 111 and the holding pin 9 a U-shaped connecting bracket, which is fastened in the base body by insertion.
  • fasten a connecting pin 110 and a holding pin 9 as well as the holding and connecting pin 10 in the base body by embedding and to bend a bracket section 111 over the anchor and to weld or otherwise fasten it to the opposite part in each case.
  • the switching current I flows in the two contact springs and in their connecting pins in the opposite direction. Since the two connecting pins 10 and 110 are now on one side of the armature in the iron circuit of the winding 33, their current loop effects essentially cancel each other out, while in the iron circuit of the winding 23 there is no current loop effect as long as the holding pin 9 does not carry the switching current. However, if a current loop effect is to be produced in a targeted manner, the holding pin 9 can also be used as a connecting pin instead of the pin 110. It is particularly conceivable to connect both pins 9 and 110 in parallel outside the relay and thus to conduct half of the switching current through each of the pins. This current division results in a loop effect of about 50% compared to the full loop effect, which in certain load cases, e.g. B. with lamp load, can be advantageous.
  • FIG. 3 shows a slight modification compared to Figure 2, an individual relay, in which a retaining pin is also arranged between the armature and the now single coil, but the current loop effect is switched off.
  • a base body 201 carries a coil body 202 with a winding 223, a core 214 and a yoke 212.
  • An armature 213 is mounted on the yoke 212 in a manner similar to that in the embodiment in FIG.
  • a contact spring 207 is fastened between the armature 213 and a coil flange 222. This contact spring 207 is switchable between two mating contact elements 251 and 261.
  • the entire structure is similar to the relay described above, except that the second coil system is missing and accordingly the base body and the yoke are only approximately half as large as in the previous case and the other parts are adapted accordingly.
  • the contact spring 7 is fastened on a holding pin 209, but the current is supplied via a connecting pin 210 which is conductively connected to the contact spring via a bracket section 211.
  • the connecting pin 210 with the bracket portion 211 and the retaining pin 209 is formed in one piece as a U-shaped wire element which is fastened in the base body 201 by insertion.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE93/00470 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 2, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 2, 1995 PCT Filed Jun. 1, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/26030 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 23, 1993In the relay, a holding pin for a contact spring is arranged in each case in the region between the armature and the coil in such a way that the load current that flows via the contact spring can flow through the ferromagnetic circuit of the coil, comprising the core, the yoke (12) and the armature (13). In order to avoid negative effects of such a current loop, a connecting pin (110) is anchored in a base body outside the ferromagnetic circuit, on that side of the armature opposite to the contact spring (7), which connecting pin conducts the load current of the contact spring via a hoop portion (111) that engages over the armature. Optionally, the holding pin (9) of the contact spring may also be additionally contacted with a part of the load current, in order to make use of certain effects of the current loop.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Relais, welches folgende Merkmale aufweist:

  • einen isolierenden Grundkörper,
  • mindestens eine auf dem Grundkörper angeordnete Spule mit einer Wicklung und einem Kern,
  • ein mit einem ersten Kernende verbundenes Joch,
  • einen an dem Joch gelagerten, mit dem zweiten Kernende einen Luftspalt bildenden Anker,
  • mindestens eine zwischen Anker und Spule angeordnete Kontaktfeder, die in der Nähe der Anker-Lagerstelle an einem im Grundkörper verankerten Haltestift schwenkbar befestigt ist und mit ihrem freien Ende durch den Anker zwischen einer Ruheposition und einer Arbeitsposition umschaltbar ist, und
  • mindestens ein im Grundkörper verankertes Gegenkontaktelement, welches in einer bestimmten Schaltposition des Ankers mit der Kontaktfeder einen Laststromkreis schließt,
  • wobei sich der Haltestift innerhalb des von Joch, Anker und Kern gebildeten Eisenkreises und das Gegenkontaktelement sich zumindest mit einem Anschlußabschnitt außerhalb dieses Eisenkreises befinden.
The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay, which has the following features:
  • an insulating body,
  • at least one coil arranged on the base body with a winding and a core,
  • a yoke connected to a first core end,
  • an armature mounted on the yoke and forming an air gap with the second core end,
  • at least one contact spring arranged between armature and coil, which is pivotably fastened in the vicinity of the armature bearing point to a holding pin anchored in the base body and can be switched with its free end by the armature between a rest position and a working position, and
  • at least one counter-contact element anchored in the base body, which closes a load circuit with the contact spring in a certain switching position of the armature,
  • wherein the retaining pin is located within the iron circle formed by the yoke, armature and core and the counter-contact element is located at least with a connection section outside this iron circle.

Mit der in dieser Konstruktion vorgesehenen Anordnung der Kontaktfeder zwischen Anker und Spule läßt sich ein kompakter Relaisaufbau schaffen, wobei die Kontaktfeder auf einfache Weise unmittelbar durch den Anker bei dessen Anziehung an den Kern betätigbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist diese Anordnung der Kontaktfeder bei der Konstruktion eines Umschaltrelais, bei dem auf dem Grundkörper zwei getrennt ansteuerbare Spulen mit je einer Wicklung und je einem Kern im wesentlichen zueinander axial ausgerichtet sind, wobei zwischen den einander zugewandten inneren Kernenden ein Luftspalt gebildet ist und die äußeren Kernenden mit einem Joch verbunden sind. Durch einen an einem Mittelbereich des Joches gelagerten Anker können dort jeweils zwischen Anker und Spule angeordnete Kontaktfedern durch den Anker wahlweise zwischen einer Ruheposition und einer Arbeitsposition umgeschaltet werden, wobei mindestens zwei im Grundkörper verankerte, feststehende Gegenkontaktelemente jeweils zumindest mit einer Kontaktfeder in mindestens einer von deren Schaltpositionen Kontakt geben.With the arrangement of the contact spring between armature and coil provided in this construction, a compact relay structure can be created, the contact spring being actuated in a simple manner directly by the armature when it is attracted to the core. This arrangement of the contact spring is particularly advantageous in the construction of a changeover relay, in which on the base body two separately controllable coils, each with a winding and a core, are essentially axially aligned with one another, an air gap being formed between the mutually facing inner core ends and the outer core ends being connected to a yoke. By means of an armature mounted on a central region of the yoke, contact springs arranged between the armature and the coil can be switched between the rest position and a working position by the armature, at least two fixed counter-contact elements anchored in the base body each having at least one contact spring in at least one of them Give switch positions contact.

Die hier vorgesehene Anordnung eines Haltestiftes für eine Kontaktfeder in dem Bereich zwischen Anker und Spule kann insofern die Funktion des Relais beeinflussen, als über die Kontaktfeder mit einem als Anschlußstift dienenden Lagerstift und das Gegenkontaktelement bei geschlossenem Kontakt eine durch den Eisenkreis von Kern, Joch und Anker geführte Stromschleife gebildet werden kann, deren Magnetfeld sich dem Erregerflußkreis der Spule überlagert. Je nach Flußrichtung in dieser Stromschleife kann der zusätzlich erzeugte Magnetfluß zu dem Erregerfluß gleichsinnig oder gegensinnig gerichtet sein und somit die Anzugskraft auf den Anker verstärken oder schwächen. Ein Problem kann allerdings dann entstehen, wenn ein sehr hoher Laststrom über einen Schließerkontakt bei angezogenem Anker fließt und dieser Laststrom über sein Magnetfeld den Anker auch nach Abschalten der Erregung im angezogenen Zustand festhält, der Anker also nicht mehr abfallen kann. Solange nur ein einfaches Relais mit einer Kontaktfeder und einem Anschlußstift zwischen Anker und Spule betroffen ist, läßt sich durch entsprechende Polung der Laststromanschlüsse ein solcher Zustand ausschließen. Bei einem Umschaltrelais mit zwei in Reihe liegenden Spulen, einem zwischenliegenden Anker und mit Kontaktfedern auf jeder Seite des Ankers läßt sich eine solche Kompensation aber nur in einer Richtung durchführen, so daß das erwähnte Problem bei extrem hohen Schaltströmen auftreten kann.The arrangement of a holding pin for a contact spring in the area between the armature and coil provided here can influence the function of the relay in that, via the contact spring with a bearing pin serving as a connecting pin and the counter-contact element when the contact is closed, one through the iron circle of core, yoke and armature guided current loop can be formed, the magnetic field of which overlaps the excitation circuit of the coil. Depending on the direction of flow in this current loop, the additionally generated magnetic flux can be directed in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the excitation flux and thus increase or weaken the attraction force on the armature. A problem can arise, however, if a very high load current flows through a normally open contact when the armature is attracted and this load current holds the armature in its attracted state even after the excitation has been switched off, so that the armature can no longer fall off. As long as only a simple relay with a contact spring and a connecting pin between armature and coil is affected, such a condition can be excluded by appropriate polarity of the load current connections. With a changeover relay with two coils in series, one in between Armature and with contact springs on each side of the armature such compensation can only be carried out in one direction, so that the problem mentioned can occur at extremely high switching currents.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, durch konstruktive Ausgestaltung eines Relaisaufbaus der eingangs genannten Art die Möglichkeit zu schaffen, daß die Schleifenwirkung des zwischen Anker, Joch und Kern angeordneten Haltestiftes zumindest für bestimmte Anwendungen mit hohen Schaltströmen ausgeschaltet werden kann.The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide the possibility by constructive design of a relay structure of the type mentioned that the loop effect of the retaining pin arranged between armature, yoke and core can be switched off at least for certain applications with high switching currents.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Ziel dadurch erreicht, daß ein Anschlußstift für die Kontaktfeder auf der der Kontaktfeder gegenüberliegenden Seite des Ankers oder des Joches im Grundkörper verankert ist und über einen den Anker bzw. das Joch übergreifenden Bügelabschnitt mit der Kontaktfeder leitend verbunden ist. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme wird also die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Haltestift der betreffenden Kontaktfeder nicht als Stromanschluß zu verwenden, sondern den Schaltstrom über den Anker bzw. das Joch hinweg über den Bügelabschnitt der Kontaktfeder zuzuführen, so daß keine geschlossene Stromschleife den Eisenkreis des Magnetsystems durchzieht.According to the invention, this aim is achieved in that a connecting pin for the contact spring is anchored in the base body on the side of the armature or the yoke opposite the contact spring and is conductively connected to the contact spring by way of a bracket section which overlaps the armature or the yoke. This measure according to the invention thus creates the possibility of not using the retaining pin of the contact spring in question as a power connection, but rather supplying the switching current via the armature or the yoke via the bracket portion of the contact spring, so that no closed current loop runs through the iron circuit of the magnet system.

Für den eingangs erwähnten bevorzugten Anwendungsfall eines Umschaltrelais mit zwei Magnetsystemen und einem zwischenliegenden Anker ist die erfindungsgemäße Lösung des geschilderten Problems dadurch erreicht, daß die Anschlußstifte beider Kontaktfedern im Bereich zwischen dem Anker und der einen Spule im Grundkörper verankert sind, wobei der eine Anschlußstift als Hal stift für die eine Kontaktfeder dient und der andere durch einen den Anker übergreifenden Bügelabschnitt mit der anderen Kontaktfeder verbunden ist. Diese andere Kontaktfeder besitzt demnach einen Haltestift, der nicht als Anschlußstift dient oder zumindest nicht als solcher benutzt werden muß.For the preferred application of a changeover relay with two magnet systems and an intermediate armature mentioned at the outset, the solution according to the invention to the described problem is achieved in that the connecting pins of both contact springs are anchored in the area between the armature and the one coil in the base body, the one connecting pin as Hal pin for the one contact spring and the other is connected to the other contact spring by a bracket section spanning the armature. This other contact spring accordingly has a retaining pin which does not serve as a connecting pin or at least does not have to be used as such.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist es jedoch möglich, auch in diesem Fall den Haltestift der anderen Kontaktfeder ebenfalls als Anschlußstift auszubilden. So kann auch dieser weitere Anschlußstift anstelle des gegenüberliegenden Anschlußstiftes oder zusätzlich zu diesem zur Führung des Laststroms herangezogen werden. Somit kann für Anwendungsfälle, bei der die Schleifenwirkung erwünscht ist, für beide Kontaktfedern jeweils deren Haltestift auch als Anschlußstift verwendet werden. Wird andererseits gewünscht, daß die Schleifenwirkung nur teilweise zur Geltung kommt, so kann der Haltestift dieser anderen Kontaktfeder zu dem mit ihm verbundenen getrennten Anschlußstift parallel geschaltet werden, so daß der Laststrom je zur Hälfte über beide Stifte fließt. Die Schleifenwirkung beträgt dann ebenfalls nur etwa die Hälfte der Schleifenstromwirkung bei Führung des vollen Laststroms über den betreffenden Lagerstift.In an advantageous embodiment, however, it is also possible in this case also to design the retaining pin of the other contact spring as a connecting pin. So this additional pin can be used instead of the opposite pin or in addition to this for guiding the load current. Thus, for applications in which the loop effect is desired, the holding pin can also be used as a connecting pin for both contact springs. If, on the other hand, it is desired that the loop effect is only partially effective, the retaining pin of this other contact spring can be connected in parallel to the separate connecting pin connected to it, so that half of the load current flows over both pins. The loop effect is then only about half of the loop current effect when the full load current is conducted via the relevant bearing pin.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist ein U-förmiger Anschlußbügel über den Anker greifend mit beiden Enden im Grundkörper befestigt, wobei ein erster Schenkel den Anschlußstift und ein zweiter Schenkel einen Haltestift für die mit dem Anschlußstift verbundene Kontaktfeder bildet. Dieser U-förmige Anschlußbügel wird zweckmäßigerweise steckbar im Grundkörper befestigt, während der separate Anschluß- und Haltestift der ersteren Kontaktfeder im Grundkörper eingebettet sein kann.In a preferred embodiment, a U-shaped connecting bracket is fastened across the armature with both ends in the base body, a first leg forming the connecting pin and a second leg forming a retaining pin for the contact spring connected to the connecting pin. This U-shaped connection bracket is expediently plugged into the base body, while the separate connection and retaining pin of the former contact spring can be embedded in the base body.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 ein elektromagnetisches Umschaltrelais mit zwei Spulen und einem zwischenliegenden Anker in Draufsicht,
  • Figur 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines etwa in der Mitte im Bereich des Ankers geschnittenen Relais gemäß Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Einzelrelais mit nur einer Spule und einem Anker.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 shows an electromagnetic switchover relay with two coils and an intermediate armature in a top view,
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a relay according to FIG. 1 cut approximately in the middle in the region of the armature,
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of an individual relay designed according to the invention with only one coil and one armature.

Das in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigte Relais besitzt einen Grundkörper 1, welcher zwei einstückig verbundene Spulenkörper 2 und 3 sowie einen zwischen den beiden Spulenkörpern gebildeten Kontaktraum 4 aufweist. Auf dem Spulenkörper 2 ist zwischen zwei Flanschen 21 und 22 eine Wicklung 23, auf dem Spulenkörper 3 zwischen Flanschen 31 und 32 eine Wicklung 33 aufgebracht. Über getrennte Wicklungsananschlüsse können die beiden Spulen einzeln angesteuert und erregt werden.The relay shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a base body 1 which has two coil bodies 2 and 3 connected in one piece and a contact space 4 formed between the two coil bodies. A winding 23 is applied to the bobbin 2 between two flanges 21 and 22, and a winding 33 is applied to the bobbin 3 between flanges 31 and 32. The two coils can be individually controlled and excited via separate winding connections.

In der Kontaktkammer 4 ist ein U-förmiges Kontaktblech 5 durch Einstecken befestigt, welches in einem Stück zwei Außenkontaktelemente 51 und 52 bildet und mit einem Anschlußstift 53 durch den Boden des Grundkörpers geführt ist. Ein weiteres Kontaktblech 6 bildet ein Mittelkontaktelement 61 und einen durch den Boden des Grundkörpers geführten Anschlußstift 62. Die Außenkontaktelemente 51 und 52 sind jeweils mit einem Kontaktstück, das Mittelkontaktelement 61 mit zwei Kontaktstücken versehen. Weiterhin sind in der Kontaktkammer 4 zwei Kontaktfedern 7 und 8 angeordnet, welche aus Blattfedermaterial bestehen. Jede Kontaktfeder ist an einem Befestigungsende zu einer Spannhülse gebogen und mit dieser auf einen Anschluß- und Haltestift 9 bzw. 10 aufgesteckt. Entgegengesetzt zu den Befestigungsenden bilden die Kontaktfedern jeweils kontaktgebende Enden 72 bzw. 82, welche jeweils beiderseits mit Kontaktstücken versehen sind und zwischen dem Mittelkontaktelement 61 und jeweils einem Gegenkontaktelement 51 bzw. 52 umschaltbar sind.In the contact chamber 4, a U-shaped contact plate 5 is fastened by insertion, which forms two external contact elements 51 and 52 in one piece and is guided with a connecting pin 53 through the base of the base body. Another contact plate 6 forms a center contact element 61 and a connecting pin 62 which is guided through the bottom of the base body. The external contact elements 51 and 52 are each provided with a contact piece, and the center contact element 61 is provided with two contact pieces. Furthermore, two contact springs 7 and 8, which consist of leaf spring material, are arranged in the contact chamber 4. Each contact spring is bent at a fastening end to form an adapter sleeve and is attached to a connecting and holding pin 9 or 10. Contrary to the fastening ends, the contact springs each form contact-making ends 72 and 82, which are each provided with contact pieces on both sides and can be switched between the center contact element 61 and a respective counter-contact element 51 or 52.

Die Kontaktfedern 7 und 8 sind jeweils zu dem Mittelkontaktelement 61 hin vorgespannt. In ihrem Mittelteil besitzen die Kontaktfedern jeweils einen nicht sichtbaren Ausschnitt, der an die Rundung des zugehörigen Spulenkerns angepaßt ist und eine freie Bewegung der Kontaktfeder oberhalb des Spulenkerns ermöglicht.The contact springs 7 and 8 are each biased towards the center contact element 61. Own in their middle part the contact springs each have an invisible cutout which is adapted to the curvature of the associated coil core and enables the contact spring to move freely above the coil core.

Auf den mit Wicklungen und Kontaktelementen versehenen Spulenkörper ist eine Joch-Anker-Baugruppe aufgesetzt. Sie besteht aus einem Joch 12 mit zwei Seitenabschnitten 121 und 122 sowie einem langgestreckten Mittelabschnitt 123. Dieses Joch ist auf die Spulenflansche 21 und 31 aufgesteckt. Am Mittelabschnitt 123 des Joches ist außerdem ein Anker 13 gelagert, der mit Haltelappen 131 und 132 in entsprechenden Lagerkerben des Joches gehalten wird.A yoke-armature assembly is placed on the bobbin provided with windings and contact elements. It consists of a yoke 12 with two side sections 121 and 122 and an elongated central section 123. This yoke is plugged onto the coil flanges 21 and 31. An anchor 13 is also mounted on the central section 123 of the yoke and is held in corresponding bearing notches of the yoke with retaining tabs 131 and 132.

Am Anker 13 sind beiderseits Schaltnocken 134 angeformt, die zur Betätigung der Kontaktfedern 7 und 8 dienen. Damit ist die Funktion aus der konstruktiven Gestaltung erkennbar. Im Ruhezustand liegen beide Kontaktfedern 7 und 8 mit ihren kontaktgebenden Enden an dem Mittelkontaktelement 61 an. Je nach Erregung einer Wicklung 23 oder 33 wird der Anker an einen zugehörigen Kern 14 oder 15 angezogen, wobei er die zugehörige Kontaktfeder 7 oder 8 mit dem entsprechenden Außenkontaktelement 51 oder 52 in Kontakt bringt. Die jeweils andere Kontaktfeder bleibt dabei auf dem Mittelkontaktelement 61 liegen bzw. kehrt zu diesem zurück.Switch cams 134 are formed on both sides of the armature 13 and are used to actuate the contact springs 7 and 8. The function can thus be recognized from the constructive design. In the idle state, both contact springs 7 and 8 rest with their contacting ends on the center contact element 61. Depending on the excitation of a winding 23 or 33, the armature is attracted to an associated core 14 or 15, whereby it brings the associated contact spring 7 or 8 into contact with the corresponding external contact element 51 or 52. The respective other contact spring remains on the center contact element 61 or returns to it.

Werden nun die beiden Haltestifte 9 und 10 jeweils auch als Anschlußstifte für die beiden Kontaktfedern verwendet, derart, daß der Schaltstrom über den einen oder den anderen Haltestift fließt, so kann bei sehr hohen Schaltströmen durch die auf diese Weise gebildete Stromschleife im Eisenkreis von Kern, Joch und Anker ein derart starkes zusätzliches Magnetfeld erzeugt werden, daß unter Umständen der Anker in dem betreffenden Kreis auch nach Abschalten der Erregung nicht mehr abfällt. Aus diesem Grund ist ein zusätzlicher Anschlußstift 110 in dem Bereich zwischen dem Anker 13 und der Spulenwicklung 33 vorgesehen, der über einen Bügelabschnitt 111 den Anker übergreift und mit dem Haltestift 9 der Kontaktfeder 7 verbunden ist. Bei der dargestellten Konstruktion bildet der Anschlußstift 110 mit dem Bügelabschnitt 111 und dem Haltestift 9 einen U-förmigen Anschlußbügel, der im Grundkörper durch Einstecken befestigt ist. Denkbar wäre allerdings auch, einen Anschlußstift 110 und einen Haltestift 9 ebenso wie den Halte- und Anschlußstift 10 im Grundkörper durch Einbetten zu befestigen und einen Bügelabschnitt 111 über den Anker zu biegen und am jeweils gegenüberliegenden Teil zu verschweißen oder sonstwie zu befestigen.If the two retaining pins 9 and 10 are also used as connecting pins for the two contact springs, such that the switching current flows through one or the other retaining pin, the current loop formed in this way in the iron circuit of Kern can be used for very high switching currents. Yoke and armature generate such a strong additional magnetic field that under certain circumstances the armature in the circuit in question no longer drops even after the excitation is switched off. For this reason, is a Additional connector pin 110 is provided in the area between the armature 13 and the coil winding 33, which overlaps the armature via a bracket section 111 and is connected to the holding pin 9 of the contact spring 7. In the construction shown, the connecting pin 110 forms with the bracket section 111 and the holding pin 9 a U-shaped connecting bracket, which is fastened in the base body by insertion. However, it would also be conceivable to fasten a connecting pin 110 and a holding pin 9 as well as the holding and connecting pin 10 in the base body by embedding and to bend a bracket section 111 over the anchor and to weld or otherwise fasten it to the opposite part in each case.

Bei dieser Anordnung beider Anschlüsse im Bereich der einen Spule erfolgt auf dieser Seite eine Kompensation der Lastschleifenwirkung, während der Magnetkreis der anderen Spule ohnehin frei von einer Lastschleife ist.With this arrangement of both connections in the area of one coil, the load loop effect is compensated on this side, while the magnetic circuit of the other coil is in any case free of a load loop.

Bei einem Einsatz des Relais als Umpolrelais fließt der Schaltstrom I jeweils in den beiden Kontaktfedern und in deren Anschlußstiften in entgegengesetzter Richtung. Da nun die beiden Anschlußstifte 10 und 110 auf einer Seite des Ankers im Eisenkreis der Wicklung 33 liegen, hebt sich ihre jeweilige Stromschleifenwirkung im wesentlichen auf, während im Eisenkreis der Wicklung 23 keine Stromschleifenwirkung entsteht, solange der Haltestift 9 den Schaltstrom nicht führt. Soll jedoch gezielt eine Stromschleifenwirkung erzeugt werden, so kann der Haltestift 9 auch als Anschlußstift anstelle des Stiftes 110 Verwendung finden. Denkbar ist es insbesondere, beide Anschlußstifte 9 und 110 außerhalb des Relais parallel zu schalten und so über jeden der Stifte je die Hälfte des Schaltstroms zu führen. Durch diese Stromteilung erreicht man eine Schleifenwirkung von etwa 50 % gegenüber der vollen Schleifenwirkung, was bei bestimmten Lastfällen, z. B. bei Lampenlast, von Vorteil sein kann.When the relay is used as a polarity reversal relay, the switching current I flows in the two contact springs and in their connecting pins in the opposite direction. Since the two connecting pins 10 and 110 are now on one side of the armature in the iron circuit of the winding 33, their current loop effects essentially cancel each other out, while in the iron circuit of the winding 23 there is no current loop effect as long as the holding pin 9 does not carry the switching current. However, if a current loop effect is to be produced in a targeted manner, the holding pin 9 can also be used as a connecting pin instead of the pin 110. It is particularly conceivable to connect both pins 9 and 110 in parallel outside the relay and thus to conduct half of the switching current through each of the pins. This current division results in a loop effect of about 50% compared to the full loop effect, which in certain load cases, e.g. B. with lamp load, can be advantageous.

Figur 3 zeigt in einer leichten Abwandlung gegenüber Figur 2 ein Einzelrelais, bei dem ebenfalls ein Haltestift zwischen dem Anker und der nunmehr einzigen Spule angeordnet ist, jedoch die Stromschleifenwirkung ausgeschaltet wird. Bei diesem Aufbau trägt ein Grundkörper 201 einen Spulenkörper 202 mit einer Wicklung 223, einen Kern 214 und einem Joch 212. Ein Anker 213 ist an dem Joch 212 in ähnlicher Weise wie bei der Ausführung von Figur 2 gelagert. Außerdem ist zwischen dem Anker 213 und einem Spulenflansch 222 eine Kontaktfeder 207 befestigt. Diese Kontaktfeder 207 ist zwischen zwei Gegenkontaktelementen 251 und 261 umschaltbar. Der gesamte Aufbau ist ähnlich wie bei dem vorher beschriebenen Relais, abgesehen davon, daß das zweite Spulensystem fehlt und dementsprechend der Grundkörper und das Joch nur annähernd halb so groß sind wie im vorhergehenden Fall und die übrigen Teile entsprechend angepaßt sind.Figure 3 shows a slight modification compared to Figure 2, an individual relay, in which a retaining pin is also arranged between the armature and the now single coil, but the current loop effect is switched off. In this construction, a base body 201 carries a coil body 202 with a winding 223, a core 214 and a yoke 212. An armature 213 is mounted on the yoke 212 in a manner similar to that in the embodiment in FIG. In addition, a contact spring 207 is fastened between the armature 213 and a coil flange 222. This contact spring 207 is switchable between two mating contact elements 251 and 261. The entire structure is similar to the relay described above, except that the second coil system is missing and accordingly the base body and the yoke are only approximately half as large as in the previous case and the other parts are adapted accordingly.

Um auch in diesem Fall die Stromschleifenwirkung ausschalten zu können, ist die Kontaktfeder 7 zwar auf einem Haltestift 209 befestigt, doch erfolgt die Stromzuführung über einen Anschlußstift 210, der über einen Bügelabschnitt 211 mit der Kontaktfeder leitend verbunden ist. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist im übrigen der Anschlußstift 210 mit dem Bügelabschnitt 211 und dem Haltestift 209 einteilig als U-förmig gebogenes Drahtelement ausgebildet, das im Grundkörper 201 durch Einstecken befestigt ist. Auch in diesem Fall ist es, wie vorher beschrieben, möglich, durch entsprechende Führung des Laststroms nur über den Anschlußstift 210 die Stromschleifenwirkung ganz auszuschalten oder durch zusätzlichen Anschluß des Haltestiftes 209 diese Stromschleifenwirkung ganz oder teilweise mit zu nutzen.In order to be able to switch off the current loop effect in this case as well, the contact spring 7 is fastened on a holding pin 209, but the current is supplied via a connecting pin 210 which is conductively connected to the contact spring via a bracket section 211. In the exemplary embodiment, the connecting pin 210 with the bracket portion 211 and the retaining pin 209 is formed in one piece as a U-shaped wire element which is fastened in the base body 201 by insertion. In this case as well, it is possible, as previously described, to switch off the current loop effect entirely by appropriately routing the load current only via the connecting pin 210, or to use this current loop effect in whole or in part by additionally connecting the holding pin 209.

Claims (5)

  1. Electromagnetic relay which exhibits the following features:
    - an insulating base body (1; 201),
    - at least one coil (23, 33; 223), disposed on the base body, with a core,
    - a yoke (12; 212) connected to a first end of the core,
    - an armature (13; 213) which is mounted on the yoke and which forms an air gap with the second end of the core,
    - at least one contact spring (7, 8; 207), which is disposed between armature (13; 213) and coil (23, 33; 223) and which is secured, in the vicinity of the armature bearing, to a holding pin (9, 10; 209) anchored in the base body and can be switched over, by its free end, by the armature between a normal position and an operated position, and
    - at least one countercontact element (51, 52, 61; 251, 261), which is anchored in the base body and which, in a specified switching position of the armature, closes a load current circuit with the contact spring,
    - the holding pin (9; 209) being situated within the ferromagnetic circuit formed by yoke, armature and core and the countercontact element being situated, at least by a connecting portion, outside this ferromagnetic circuit,
    characterized in that a connecting pin (110; 210) for the contact spring (7; 207) is anchored in the base body (1; 201) on that side of the armature (13; 213) or of the yoke (12; 212) which is opposite to the contact spring and is conductively connected to the contact spring via a hoop portion (111; 211) which engages over the armature or the yoke.
  2. Electromagnetic relay according to Claim 1, which exhibits:
    - two separately drivable coils, disposed on the base body (1), with in each case one winding (23, 33) and in each case one core (14, 15) which are aligned substantially axially in relation to one another, an air gap being formed between the mutually facing inner ends of the core;
    - a yoke (12) connecting the outer ends of the core,
    - at least one armature (13) which is mounted on a centre region of the yoke (12) and which is disposed in the air gap between the inner ends of the core,
    - at least two contact springs (7, 8) which are disposed in each case between armature (13) and coil and which are secured in the vicinity of the armature bearing and can be switched over by their free, contact-providing ends (72, 82) in each instance by the armature (13) between a normal position and an operated position, and
    - at least two stationary countercontact elements (5, 6) which are anchored in the base body and which provide contact in each instance at least with one contact spring (7, 8) in at least one of their switching positions,
    characterized in that the connecting pins (10, 110) of both contact springs (7, 8) are anchored in the base body (1) in the region between the armature (13) and the one coil (33), the one connecting pin (10) serving as holding pin for the one contact spring (8) and the other being conductively connected to the other contact spring (7) through a hoop portion (111) engaging over the armature (13).
  3. Relay according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the holding pin (9) of the other contact spring (7) is additionally designed as connecting pin.
  4. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a U-shaped connecting hoop (110, 111, 9; 210, 211, 209) is secured, engaging over the armature (13; 213), by both ends in the base body (1; 201), a first limb forming the connecting pin (110; 210) and a second limb forming a holding pin (9; 209) for the contact spring (7; 207).
  5. Relay according to Claim 4, characterized in that the U-shaped connecting hoop is secured in the base body in plug-in fashion.
EP93909803A 1992-06-17 1993-06-01 Electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime EP0646282B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4219933 1992-06-17
DE4219933A DE4219933A1 (en) 1992-06-17 1992-06-17 Electromagnetic relay
PCT/DE1993/000470 WO1993026030A1 (en) 1992-06-17 1993-06-01 Electromagnetic relay

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0646282A1 EP0646282A1 (en) 1995-04-05
EP0646282B1 true EP0646282B1 (en) 1997-03-26

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EP93909803A Expired - Lifetime EP0646282B1 (en) 1992-06-17 1993-06-01 Electromagnetic relay

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US (1) US5612658A (en)
EP (1) EP0646282B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07507654A (en)
AT (1) ATE150900T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ283883B6 (en)
DE (2) DE4219933A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993026030A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19532762A1 (en) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-06 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic load current relay with PCB mounting
JP3593774B2 (en) * 1996-01-09 2004-11-24 オムロン株式会社 Electromagnetic relay
DE19747167C1 (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-04-29 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay e.g. for high-load currents
JP4289301B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2009-07-01 オムロン株式会社 Electromagnetic relay
US7517235B2 (en) * 2006-12-28 2009-04-14 General Electric Company Press fit connection for mounting electrical plug-in outlet insulator to a busway aluminum housing
JP2011108452A (en) * 2009-11-16 2011-06-02 Fujitsu Component Ltd Electromagnetic relay
GB201402560D0 (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-04-02 Johnson Electric Sa Improvements in or relating to electrical contactors
JP6631068B2 (en) * 2015-07-27 2020-01-15 オムロン株式会社 Contact mechanism and electromagnetic relay using the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1036914B (en) * 1956-10-11 1958-08-21 Werk Fuer Fernmeldewesen Veb Switching relay for transmission technology and electronics
DE3124412C1 (en) * 1981-06-22 1989-01-12 Hendel, Horst, Ing. (grad.), 8031 Eichenau Small polarized electromagnetic relay
US4529953A (en) * 1982-09-01 1985-07-16 Electromation, Inc. Electrical switch
US4816794A (en) * 1986-07-30 1989-03-28 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Electromagnetic relay
US4959627A (en) * 1987-12-23 1990-09-25 Nec Corporation Electromagnet relay
DE3834283A1 (en) * 1988-10-08 1990-04-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Change-over relay for DC motors having anticlockwise and clockwise control
EP0593599B1 (en) * 1991-07-09 1995-02-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic change-over relay
DE4122704C2 (en) * 1991-07-09 1993-12-16 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ298194A3 (en) 1995-04-12
US5612658A (en) 1997-03-18
DE4219933A1 (en) 1993-12-23
ATE150900T1 (en) 1997-04-15
JPH07507654A (en) 1995-08-24
WO1993026030A1 (en) 1993-12-23
DE59305970D1 (en) 1997-04-30
CZ283883B6 (en) 1998-06-17
EP0646282A1 (en) 1995-04-05

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