EP0638322A1 - Roller pump - Google Patents

Roller pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638322A1
EP0638322A1 EP94112501A EP94112501A EP0638322A1 EP 0638322 A1 EP0638322 A1 EP 0638322A1 EP 94112501 A EP94112501 A EP 94112501A EP 94112501 A EP94112501 A EP 94112501A EP 0638322 A1 EP0638322 A1 EP 0638322A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
roller
curvature
rollers
bearing wall
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Granted
Application number
EP94112501A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0638322B1 (en
Inventor
Erwin Dr.-Ing. Knott
Andreas Hahn
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Stockert Instrumente GmbH
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Stockert Instrumente GmbH
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Publication of EP0638322A1 publication Critical patent/EP0638322A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/12Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action
    • F04B43/1253Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roller pump for medical technology, in particular for pumping blood in extracorporeal circuits.
  • This roller pump has a stator with a cylindrical cavity, the wall of which, referred to in the technical field as a pump bed, is designed as a bearing wall for a pump hose which is guided along the central longitudinal axis of the cavity.
  • a pump rotor Arranged in the pump stator is a pump rotor which can be rotated about its central longitudinal axis and which has rollers which are rotatably mounted on roller carriers and which can be rolled off the tube when the rotor rotates while compressing the tube.
  • the bearing wall of the pump rotor has an opening with an inlet and an outlet area for the hose, in which areas this bearing wall withdraws from the circular track of the pump rollers in a curvature in the same direction as this track.
  • a roller pump of this type is known from DE-B-33 26 786.
  • such a roller pump has two rollers which are diametrically opposed to one another with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Over a large part of the circumference of the bearing wall, the pump rollers press the pump hose together in such a way that the interior of the pump hose is occluded liquid-tight at this point.
  • the pump rollers roll when the stator rotates, the occlusions of the tube move with the rollers, the liquid in the tube before the occlusions being transported in the direction of rotation of the stator.
  • the hose In the area of the inlet and outlet opening, the hose returns from the roller conveyor, as a result of which the rollers in the outlet area of the pump stator located in front of this opening in the rotor direction are increasingly lifted off the hose, while they are increasingly pressed into the hose in the inlet area following in the direction of rotation. Due to the arrangement of at least two pump rollers, at least one roller presses the pump hose together in each position of the rotor, so that a further transport of the conveying medium located in the hose is guaranteed.
  • the roller carriers are pressed resiliently radially outwards against the hose, while the bearing wall of the pump bed in the outlet area has a curvature in the same direction as the circular path of the rollers, which has a radius of curvature that increases continuously in the direction of rotation of the rollers.
  • This is intended to ensure a large degree of independence from the cross section of the pump hose used and, in the case of changing operating states, to ensure an occlusion of the pump hose with a defined spring force, and to substantially reduce pressure pulsations in the delivery medium.
  • This design of the curvature in the outlet area of the bearing wall extends the roll out of the pump hose over a larger angle of rotation.
  • the pumped medium in the pump hose on the pressure side has the option of slowly and continuously compensating for the volume increase inside the hose caused by the pump rollers swiveling out of the hose and thus by lifting its occlusion, which results in reduced pulsation behavior.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a roller pump with a delivery behavior which is optimized with regard to avoiding possible blood damage, in which the compensation of the tube volume taken up by the roller takes place in the longest possible period of time or over the largest possible rotation angle of the roller carrier and the unavoidable Lowering the pump flow has flat gradients.
  • the bearing wall of the stator in the inlet area of the pump hose and the conveying medium therein has a constantly increasing radius of curvature in the running direction of the pump rollers and in the outlet area has a continuously decreasing radius of curvature in the running direction of the rollers, whereby these radii of curvature are greater than the radius of curvature in the area between the entry and exit areas.
  • the radius of curvature can jump at the transition between the working area and the entry or exit area of the bearing wall of the stator, from a smaller radius of the working area to a substantially larger radius of the entry and exit area.
  • the centers of the circles of the radii of curvature can lie in the entry and exit region of the bearing wall on a curve which curves from a plane extending through the central axis of the cavity of the stator parallel to the plane of its inlet and outlet opening to this inlet and outlet opening. It is useful that the distance between the axes of the Pump rollers from the axis of rotation of the pump rotor is immutable.
  • the bearing wall has one or more radially movable segments in the entry and exit area.
  • This adjustability allows the curvature to be adapted to different hose diameters and hose geometries.
  • a certain pressure profile can be generated within limits.
  • the angular velocity of the roller carriers carrying the rollers can be adjusted or regulated depending on the roller position in relation to the curvature of the entry and exit area.
  • the measured pressure curve can also be included in this regulation.
  • the protection of the hose can be increased by the fact that all pump rollers of the pump stator are mutually drivable via a drive connection, so that the pump rollers located in the area of the inlet and outlet opening of the pump stator do not lose their rotational speed, but instead lose their rotational speed at a sustained rotational speed as you walk past the inlet and outlet opening in the inlet area of the bearing wall, swivel it back into the pump hose.
  • this roller position there is no acceleration of the pump roller from approximately zero to its full speed given when the tube is unrolled, so that there is no frictional wear on the outer wall of the pump tube (see also page 10, last paragraph).
  • the stator denoted by 1 in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical cavity 2, the wall of which serves as a bearing wall (3) for a pump hose 5 which is guided along it around the central longitudinal axis 4 of the cavity.
  • a pump rotor 9 which is rotatable about the central longitudinal axis 4 and which is arranged on its axis has radially projecting roller carrier 7, at the ends of which rollers 8 are rotatably mounted.
  • rollers are arranged on the roller carriers in such a way that they are pressed into the hose 5 over a rotation angle range of the pump rotor of approximately 180 ° in such a way that they completely occlude them in places so that no liquid can flow through the occluded hose location in the hose.
  • the roller pressed into the tube pushes the occlusion of the tube in front of it, whereby the amount of liquid in front of the occlusion point is transported forward in the tube.
  • the roller carriers can be radially displaceable slides on guides which are spring-loaded radially outwards.
  • the curvature of the bearing wall 3 around the center of the circle 4 has an inlet area 10 which extends from the inlet and outlet opening 6 for the tube 5 into the stator to a point A at which the pump rollers completely occlude the tube 5. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, this is the point that is approximately 90 degrees behind the center of the inlet and outlet opening.
  • This entry area 10 is followed by a work or full support area 11, which extends from the aforementioned angular point over 180 angular degrees to a point B which is approximately 90 angular degrees in front of the center of the entry and exit opening 6.
  • the outlet area 12 begins, which extends to the inlet and outlet opening 6.
  • the pump rollers 8 increasingly lift off from the pump hose 5 as they continue to rotate, whereby the occlusion of the hose is gradually released until the pump rollers are completely out of the pump hose are pivoted out and move over to the entry area 10.
  • the bearing wall in the entry area 10 has a radius of curvature that increases continuously in the running direction of the pump rollers 8 and in the exit area 12 has a radius of curvature that decreases continuously in the direction of travel of the rollers, these radii of curvature being substantially larger than the radius of curvature in the working or full conveying area 11, so that there is a discontinuous jump in the radius of curvature in each case between the working area and the entry or exit area.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the centers of the radii of curvature in the entry area 10 of the bearing wall shift from a radius of curvature C located at the beginning of the entry area 10 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 6 to a radius of curvature E located at the end of the entry area 10.
  • This drive connection is formed by a circumferential belt 13 which runs over drive rollers 14 arranged on the axes of the pump rollers 8 and over tension rollers 15.
  • the tensioning rollers 15 are seated on swivel levers 16 and are pressed outwards against the belt 13 by a tension spring 17 connecting the levers.
  • the pivot lever 16 can also be acted upon by its own tension or compression spring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

A roller pump for medical technology, especially for conveying blood in extracorporeal circulations. The roller pump comprises a stator (1) with a cylindrical cavity (2) whose wall is designed as a bearing wall (3) for a pump tubing (5) guided along the bearing wall around the mid-longitudinal axis of the cavity. In the pump stator, a pump rotor which is rotatable about its longitudinal centre line (4) is arranged, and this has rollers (8) which are rotatably mounted on roller supports (7) which can be rolled over the tubing with rotation of the rotor and compression of the tubing. The bearing wall (3) of the pump rotor has an opening (6) with an entry region (10) and an exit region (12) for the tubing (5). In these regions, this bearing wall recedes from the circular track of the pump rollers (8) in a curvature extending in the same direction as that track. The bearing wall (3) possesses a radius of curvature which increases continuously in the running direction of the pump rollers (8) in the entry region (10), and a radius of curvature which decreases continuously in the running direction of the rollers in the exit region (12). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rollenpumpe für die Medizintechnik, insbesondere zur Förderung von Blut in extrakorporalen Kreisläufen. Diese Rollenpumpe hat einen Stator mit einem zylindrischen Hohlraum, dessen in der Fachwelt als Pumpenbett bezeichnete Wandung als Lagerwand für einen an dieser entlang um die Mittellängsachse des Hohlraums herumgeführten Pumpenschlauch ausgebildet ist. In dem Pumpenstator ist ein um dessen Mittellängsachse drehbarer Pumpenrotor angeordnet, der an Rollenträgern drehbar gelagerte Rollen aufweist, die bei Rotation des Rotors unter Zusammendrückung des Schlauches am Schlauch abrollbar sind. Die Lagerwand des Pumpenrotors hat eine Öffnung mit einem Ein- und einem Austrittsbereich für den Schlauch, in welchen Bereichen diese Lagerwand von der kreisförmigen Laufbahn der Pumpenrollen in einer zu dieser Laufbahn gleichsinnigen Krümmung zurücktritt.The invention relates to a roller pump for medical technology, in particular for pumping blood in extracorporeal circuits. This roller pump has a stator with a cylindrical cavity, the wall of which, referred to in the technical field as a pump bed, is designed as a bearing wall for a pump hose which is guided along the central longitudinal axis of the cavity. Arranged in the pump stator is a pump rotor which can be rotated about its central longitudinal axis and which has rollers which are rotatably mounted on roller carriers and which can be rolled off the tube when the rotor rotates while compressing the tube. The bearing wall of the pump rotor has an opening with an inlet and an outlet area for the hose, in which areas this bearing wall withdraws from the circular track of the pump rollers in a curvature in the same direction as this track.

Eine Rollenpumpe dieser Gattung ist durch die DE-B-33 26 786 bekannt. In der Regel weist eine derartige Rollenpumpe zwei Rollen auf, die in bezug auf die Drehachse des Rotors einander diametral gegenüberliegen. Über einen Großteil des Umfangs der Lagerwand drücken die Pumpenrollen den Pumpenschlauch derart zusammen, daß an dieser Stelle der Innenraum des Pumpenschlauchs flüssigkeitsdicht okkludiert ist. Durch das Abrollen der Pumpenrollen bei der Drehung des Stators wandern die Okklusionen des Schlauches mit den Rollen mit, wobei die vor den Okklusionen im Schlauch befindliche Flüssigkeit in Drehrichtung des Stators weitertransportiert wird. Im Bereich der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung tritt der Schlauch von der Rollenbahn zurück, wodurch sich im in Rotorrichtung vor dieser Öffnung befindlichen Austrittsbereich des Pumpenstators die Rollen zunehmend vom Schlauch abheben, während sie sich im in Drehrichtung nachfolgenden Eintrittsbereich zunehmend in den Schlauch eindrücken. Durch die Anordnung von mindestens zwei Pumpenrollen drückt bei jeder Stellung des Rotors mindestens eine Rolle den Pumpenschlauch zusammen, so daß ein Weitertransport des im Schlauch befindlichen Fördermediums garantiert ist.A roller pump of this type is known from DE-B-33 26 786. As a rule, such a roller pump has two rollers which are diametrically opposed to one another with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Over a large part of the circumference of the bearing wall, the pump rollers press the pump hose together in such a way that the interior of the pump hose is occluded liquid-tight at this point. As the pump rollers roll when the stator rotates, the occlusions of the tube move with the rollers, the liquid in the tube before the occlusions being transported in the direction of rotation of the stator. In the area of the inlet and outlet opening, the hose returns from the roller conveyor, as a result of which the rollers in the outlet area of the pump stator located in front of this opening in the rotor direction are increasingly lifted off the hose, while they are increasingly pressed into the hose in the inlet area following in the direction of rotation. Due to the arrangement of at least two pump rollers, at least one roller presses the pump hose together in each position of the rotor, so that a further transport of the conveying medium located in the hose is guaranteed.

Beim Ein- und Ausschwenken der Pumpenrolle in den Schlauch bzw. aus dem Schlauch verändert sich der momentane Förderstrom der Pumpe. So reduziert sich beim Ausschwenken der Pumpenrolle der momentane Förderstrom der Pumpe um das Schlauchvolumen, das beim Ausschwenken der Rolle im Schlauch durch die dabei erfolgende Aufhebung der Schlauchokklusion entsteht. In ungünstigen Fällen kann es hierbei am Auslaßquerschnitt des Schlauches zu einer Umkehr der Strömungsrichtung kommen, begleitet von hohen Kräften, die aus der Massenträgheit des Fördermediums resultieren, die zu der Gefahr einer hohen Blutschädigung führen. Die Minimierung dieser prinzipbedingten Druckpulsationen ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für den Einsatz der Rollenpumpe zur Förderung von Blut, da sie bei dem hohen Anteil von empfindlichen Zellbestandteilen des Blutes zu einer hohen Schädigungsrate (Hämolyse) dieser Zellen führen.When the pump roller is swung in and out of the hose or out of the hose, the current flow of the pump changes. When the pump roll is swung out, the current flow of the pump is reduced by the hose volume that is created when the roll is swiveled out in the hose due to the lifting of the hose occlusion. In unfavorable cases, there may be a reversal of the flow direction at the outlet cross-section of the hose, accompanied by high forces resulting from the inertia of the pumped medium result, which lead to the risk of high blood damage. The minimization of these principle-related pressure pulsations is an essential prerequisite for the use of the roller pump to promote blood, since they lead to a high damage rate (hemolysis) of these cells due to the high proportion of sensitive cell components in the blood.

Bei der vorbekannten Rollenpumpe werden die Rollenträger federnd radial nach außen gegen den Schlauch gedrückt, während die Lagerwand des Pumpenbettes im Auslaufbereich eine zur Kreisbahn der Rollen gleichsinnige Krümmung aufweist, die einen in Drehrichtung der Rollen stetig wachsenden Krümmungsradius besitzt. Damit sollen eine weitgehende Unabhängigkeit von dem Querschnitt des verwendeten Pumpenschlauches und bei wechselnden Betriebszuständen eine Okklusion des Pumpenschlauches mit definierter Federkraft gewährleistet und dabei Druckpulsationen im Fördermedium wesentlich vermindert werden. Durch diese Gestaltung des Krümmungsverlaufs im Austrittsbereich der Lagerwand wird das Ausschwenken der Rolle aus dem Pumpenschlauch über einen größeren Drehwinkel gestreckt. Dadurch hat das druckseitig im Pumpenschlauch befindliche Fördermedium die Möglichkeit, den durch das Ausschwenken der Pumpenrollen aus dem Schlauch und damit durch das Aufheben seiner Okklusion entstehenden Volumenzuwachs im Schlauchinneren langsam und kontinuierlich zu kompensieren, wodurch sich ein verringertes Pulsationsverhalten ergibt.In the known roller pump, the roller carriers are pressed resiliently radially outwards against the hose, while the bearing wall of the pump bed in the outlet area has a curvature in the same direction as the circular path of the rollers, which has a radius of curvature that increases continuously in the direction of rotation of the rollers. This is intended to ensure a large degree of independence from the cross section of the pump hose used and, in the case of changing operating states, to ensure an occlusion of the pump hose with a defined spring force, and to substantially reduce pressure pulsations in the delivery medium. This design of the curvature in the outlet area of the bearing wall extends the roll out of the pump hose over a larger angle of rotation. As a result, the pumped medium in the pump hose on the pressure side has the option of slowly and continuously compensating for the volume increase inside the hose caused by the pump rollers swiveling out of the hose and thus by lifting its occlusion, which results in reduced pulsation behavior.

Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß es zur Vermeidung einer Schädigung der Zellbestandteile von Blut wesentlich ist, daß die beim Ausschwenken der Pumpenrollen aus dem Schlauch entstehende unvermeidbare Absenkung des Pumpendurchflusses möglichst flache Gradienten aufweist, um die Massenträgheitskräfte und damit die resultierenden Druckpulsation, insbesondere die negative Verzögerungsdruckspitze zu minimieren.However, it has been found that, in order to avoid damage to the cell components of blood, it is essential that the inevitable lowering of the pump rollers that swings out of the hose Pump flow has flat gradients as possible to minimize the inertia forces and thus the resulting pressure pulsation, especially the negative deceleration pressure peak.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rollenpumpe mit einem hinsichtlich der Vermeidung eventueller Blutschädigung optimierten Förderverhalten zu schaffen, bei der der Ausgleich des von der Rolle eingenommenen Schlauchvolumens in einer möglichst langen Zeitdauer bzw. über einen möglichst großen Drehwinkel des Rollenträgers erfolgt und die unvermeidbare Absenkung des Pumpendurchflusses flache Gradienten aufweist. Dies wird bei der Rollenpumpe der vorgenannten bekannten Gattung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 dadurch erreicht, daß die Lagerwand des Stators im Eintrittsbereich des Pumpenschlauches und des Fördermediums darin einen in Laufrichtung der Pumpenrollen stetig wachsenden Krümmungsradius sowie im Austrittsbereich einen in Laufrichtung der Rollen stetig abnehmenden Krümmungsradius besitzt, wobei diese Krümmungsradien größer sind als der Krümmungsradius im Bereich zwischen Eintritts- und Austrittsbereich. Dabei kann ein unstetiger Sprung des Krümmungsradius am Übergang zwischen dem Arbeitsbereich und dem Ein- bzw. Austrittsbereich der Lagerwandung des Stators erfolgen, und zwar von einem kleineren Radius des Arbeitsbereiches auf einen wesentlich größeren Radius des Ein- und Austrittsbereichs. Die Kreismittelpunkte der Krümmungsradien können im Ein- und Austrittsbereich der Lagerwand auf einer Kurve liegen, die sich von einer durch die Mittelachse des Hohlraums des Stators parallel zur Ebene von dessen Ein- und Austrittsöffnung erstreckenden Ebene zu dieser Ein- und Auslaßöffnung hin krümmt. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, daß der Abstand der Achsen der Pumpenrollen von der Drehachse des Pumpenrotors unveränderlich ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a roller pump with a delivery behavior which is optimized with regard to avoiding possible blood damage, in which the compensation of the tube volume taken up by the roller takes place in the longest possible period of time or over the largest possible rotation angle of the roller carrier and the unavoidable Lowering the pump flow has flat gradients. This is achieved in the roller pump of the aforementioned known type according to claim 1 in that the bearing wall of the stator in the inlet area of the pump hose and the conveying medium therein has a constantly increasing radius of curvature in the running direction of the pump rollers and in the outlet area has a continuously decreasing radius of curvature in the running direction of the rollers, whereby these radii of curvature are greater than the radius of curvature in the area between the entry and exit areas. The radius of curvature can jump at the transition between the working area and the entry or exit area of the bearing wall of the stator, from a smaller radius of the working area to a substantially larger radius of the entry and exit area. The centers of the circles of the radii of curvature can lie in the entry and exit region of the bearing wall on a curve which curves from a plane extending through the central axis of the cavity of the stator parallel to the plane of its inlet and outlet opening to this inlet and outlet opening. It is useful that the distance between the axes of the Pump rollers from the axis of rotation of the pump rotor is immutable.

Ferner kann es zweckmäßig sein, den Krümmungsverlauf im Ein- und Austrittsbereich der Lagerwand durch mechanische Verstellung der Lagerwand in diesem Bereich an einen vorbestimmten Krümmungsverlauf anpassen zu können. Dies kann dadurch geschehen, daß die Lagerwand im Ein- und Austrittsbereich ein oder mehrere radial bewegliche Segmente aufweist. Durch diese Einstellbarkeit kann eine Anpassung des Krümmungsverlaufs an verschiedene Schlauchdurchmesser und Schlauchgeometrien erreicht werden. Ferner kann dadurch in Grenzen ein bestimmtes Druckprofil erzeugt werden. Die Winkelgeschwindigkeit der die Rollen tragenden Rollenträger kann in Abhängigkeit von der Rollenposition in bezug auf den Krümmungsverlauf des Ein- und Austrittsbereichs eingestellt bzw. geregelt werden. In diese Regelung kann auch der gemessene Druckverlauf mit einbezogen werden.Furthermore, it may be expedient to be able to adapt the course of curvature in the entry and exit area of the bearing wall to a predetermined course of curvature by mechanical adjustment of the bearing wall in this area. This can be done in that the bearing wall has one or more radially movable segments in the entry and exit area. This adjustability allows the curvature to be adapted to different hose diameters and hose geometries. Furthermore, a certain pressure profile can be generated within limits. The angular velocity of the roller carriers carrying the rollers can be adjusted or regulated depending on the roller position in relation to the curvature of the entry and exit area. The measured pressure curve can also be included in this regulation.

Durch die auch bei der erfindungsgemäßen Rollenpumpe vorgesehene Streckung des Ausschwenkens der Pumpenrollen aus dem Pumpenschlauch im Austrittsbereich und des Wiedereinschwenkens der Rollen in den Pumpenschlauch im Eintrittsbereich über einen größeren Drehwinkelbereich wird nicht zuletzt eine erhebliche Schonung des Schlauches und damit eine Verlängerung von dessen Standzeit erreicht. Die Schlauchschonung kann noch dadurch erhöht werden, daß sämtliche Pumpenrollen des Pumpenstators über eine Antriebsverbindung gegenseitig antreibbar sind, so daß auch die im Bereich der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung des Pumpenstators befindlichen, vom Schlauch abgehobenen Pumpenrollen nicht ihre Drehgeschwindigkeit verlieren, sondern mit aufrechterhaltener Drehgeschwindigkeit nach dem Vorbeilaufen an der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung im Eintrittsbereich der Lagerwand wieder in den Pumpenschlauch einschwenken. Hierdurch entfällt in dieser Rollenposition eine Beschleunigung der Pumpenrolle von etwa Null auf ihre volle, bei Abrollen am Schlauch gegebene Drehzahl, so daß kein Reibungsverschleiß an der Außenwand des Pumpenschlauchs eintritt (siehe ferner Seite 10, letzter Absatz).The extension of the swiveling out of the pump rollers out of the pump hose in the outlet area and the swiveling of the rollers back into the pump hose in the inlet area over a larger angle of rotation range, which is also provided in the roller pump according to the invention, not least results in considerable protection of the hose and thus an extension of its service life. The protection of the hose can be increased by the fact that all pump rollers of the pump stator are mutually drivable via a drive connection, so that the pump rollers located in the area of the inlet and outlet opening of the pump stator do not lose their rotational speed, but instead lose their rotational speed at a sustained rotational speed as you walk past the inlet and outlet opening in the inlet area of the bearing wall, swivel it back into the pump hose. As a result, in this roller position there is no acceleration of the pump roller from approximately zero to its full speed given when the tube is unrolled, so that there is no frictional wear on the outer wall of the pump tube (see also page 10, last paragraph).

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Rollenpumpe dargestellt, das im folgenden näher beschrieben wird.

Fig. 1
zeigt diese Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Rollenpumpe in schematischer Darstellung im Querschnitt durch den Pumpenstator.
Fig. 2
zeigt in gleicher Darstellungsweise den Krümmungsverlauf des Ein- und Austrittsbereichs der Lagerwand des Pumpenstators anhand von Krümmungsradien.
Fig. 3
zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Rollenpumpe in Schrägansicht.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the roller pump according to the invention is shown, which is described in more detail below.
Fig. 1
shows this embodiment of the roller pump according to the invention in a schematic representation in cross section through the pump stator.
Fig. 2
shows in the same representation the course of curvature of the entry and exit area of the bearing wall of the pump stator using radii of curvature.
Fig. 3
shows a further embodiment of the roller pump according to the invention in an oblique view.

Der in Fig. 1 mit 1 bezeichnete Stator weist einen zylindrischen Hohlraum 2 auf, dessen Wandung als Lagerwand (3) für einen an dieser entlang um die Mittellängsachse 4 des Hohlraums herumgeführten Pumpenschlauch 5 dient. An einer Umfangsstelle der Lagerwand 3 befindet sich im Stator eine Öffnung 6, durch welche hindurch der Schlauch 5 in den Stator eintritt und aus dem Stator austritt. In diesem Pumpenstator ist ein um die Mittellängsachse 4 drehbarer Pumpenrotor 9 angeordnet, der von seiner Achse radial wegragende Rollenträger 7 hat, an deren Enden Rollen 8 drehbar gelagert sind. Diese Rollen sind so an den Rollenträgern angeordnet, daß sie über einen Drehwinkelbereich des Pumpenrotors von etwa 180° so in den Schlauch 5 eingedrückt werden, daß sie diesen stellenweise vollständig okkludieren, so daß keine Flüssigkeit durch die okkludierte Schlauchstelle im Schlauch hindurchströmen kann. Bei der fortlaufenden Drehung des Rotors 9 schiebt die in den Schlauch eingedrückte Rolle die Okklusion des Schlauches vor sich her, wodurch die vor der Okklusionsstelle befindliche Flüssigkeitsmenge im Schlauch vorwärtstransportiert wird. Die Rollenträger können an Führungen radial verschiebbare Schlitten sein, die radial auswärts federbelastet sind.The stator denoted by 1 in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical cavity 2, the wall of which serves as a bearing wall (3) for a pump hose 5 which is guided along it around the central longitudinal axis 4 of the cavity. At a peripheral point of the bearing wall 3 there is an opening 6 in the stator, through which the tube 5 enters the stator and exits the stator. In this pump stator is arranged a pump rotor 9 which is rotatable about the central longitudinal axis 4 and which is arranged on its axis has radially projecting roller carrier 7, at the ends of which rollers 8 are rotatably mounted. These rollers are arranged on the roller carriers in such a way that they are pressed into the hose 5 over a rotation angle range of the pump rotor of approximately 180 ° in such a way that they completely occlude them in places so that no liquid can flow through the occluded hose location in the hose. During the continuous rotation of the rotor 9, the roller pressed into the tube pushes the occlusion of the tube in front of it, whereby the amount of liquid in front of the occlusion point is transported forward in the tube. The roller carriers can be radially displaceable slides on guides which are spring-loaded radially outwards.

Die um den Kreismittelpunkt 4 gegebene Krümmung der Lagerwand 3 hat einen Einlaufbereich 10, der sich von der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung 6 für den Schlauch 5 in den Stator bis zu einer Stelle A erstreckt, an der die Pumpenrollen den Schlauch 5 völlig okkludieren. Dies ist bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel die Stelle, die sich etwa 90 Winkelgrad hinter der Mitte der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung befindet. An diesen Eintrittsbereich 10 schließt sich ein Arbeits- oder Vollförderungsbereich 11 an, der sich von der vorgenannten Winkelstelle über 180 Winkelgrad bis zu einer Stelle B erstreckt, die sich etwa 90 Winkelgrad vor der Mitte der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung 6 befindet. An dieser Stelle beginnt der Auslaufbereich 12, der sich bis zur Ein- und Austrittsöffnung 6 erstreckt. Von dieser Stelle an heben sich die Pumpenrollen 8 bei ihrem Weiterdrehen zunehmend von dem Pumpenschlauch 5 ab, wodurch die Okklusion des Schlauches nach und nach aufgehoben wird, bis die Pumpenrollen völlig aus dem Pumpenschlauch herausgeschwenkt sind und sich zum Eintrittsbereich 10 hinüberbewegen.The curvature of the bearing wall 3 around the center of the circle 4 has an inlet area 10 which extends from the inlet and outlet opening 6 for the tube 5 into the stator to a point A at which the pump rollers completely occlude the tube 5. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, this is the point that is approximately 90 degrees behind the center of the inlet and outlet opening. This entry area 10 is followed by a work or full support area 11, which extends from the aforementioned angular point over 180 angular degrees to a point B which is approximately 90 angular degrees in front of the center of the entry and exit opening 6. At this point, the outlet area 12 begins, which extends to the inlet and outlet opening 6. From this point on, the pump rollers 8 increasingly lift off from the pump hose 5 as they continue to rotate, whereby the occlusion of the hose is gradually released until the pump rollers are completely out of the pump hose are pivoted out and move over to the entry area 10.

Wie sich aus Fig. 1 ergibt, wird bei der vollen Okkludierung des Pumpenschlauches 5 durch eine der beiden Pumpenrollen 8 dieser Schlauch nicht nur im Querschnitt abgeschlossen, sondern sein Innenraum erfährt aufgrund des Anliegens der Pumpenrolle 8 über einen Teil ihres Umfanges eine darüber hinausgehende Volumenverringerung. Beim Herausschwenken dieser Pumpenrolle 8 aus dem Pumpenschlauch im Austrittsbereich 12 der Lagerwand erfolgt ein Volumenzuwachs im Pumpenschlauch, wodurch sich der momentane Förderstrom der Pumpe verringert. Durch die gleichzeitig erfolgende Rückströmung des im Schlauch vor der Pumpenrolle befindlichen Fördermediums in das durch die Rolle freigegebene Schlauchvolumen tritt außerdem eine gewisse Umkehrung der Strömungsrichtung in diesem Schlauchabschnitt ein, begleitet von hohen Kräften, die aus der Massenträgheit des Fördermediums resultieren.As can be seen from FIG. 1, when the pump hose 5 is fully occluded by one of the two pump rollers 8, this hose is not only closed in cross section, but its interior undergoes an additional volume reduction due to the abutment of the pump roller 8 over part of its circumference. When this pump roller 8 swings out of the pump hose in the outlet region 12 of the bearing wall, there is an increase in volume in the pump hose, as a result of which the current delivery flow of the pump is reduced. Due to the simultaneous backflow of the conveying medium in the hose in front of the pump roller into the hose volume released by the roller, there is also a certain reversal of the flow direction in this hose section, accompanied by high forces which result from the inertia of the conveying medium.

Um den Ausgleich des von der Rolle durch Schlauchokkludierung eingenommenen Volumens auf eine möglichst lange Zeitdauer und über einen möglichst großen Drehwinkel des Rotors zu verteilen, tritt die Lagerwand im Eintrittsbereich 10 und im Austrittsbereich 12 in Richtung zur Ein- und Austrittsöffnung 9 in einer zur Laufbahn der Rollen gleichsinnigen Krümmung von der kreisförmigen Laufbahn der Pumpenrollen 8 zurück. Dabei hat die Lagerwand im Eintrittsbereich 10 einen in Laufrichtung der Pumpenrollen 8 stetig wachsenden Krümmungsradius sowie im Austrittsbereich 12 einen in Laufrichtung der Rollen stetig abnehmenden Krümmungsradius, wobei diese Krümmungsradien wesentlich größer sind als der Krümmungsradius im Arbeits- oder Vollförderungsbereich 11, so daß sich ein unstetiger Sprung des Krümmungsradius jeweils zwischen Arbeitsbereich und Ein- bzw. Austrittsbereich ergibt. In Fig. 2 ist gezeigt, wie die Mittelpunkte der Krümmungsradien im Eintrittsbereich 10 der Lagerwand sich von einem in Drehrichtung des Rotors 6 am Anfang des Eintrittsbereiches 10 befindlichen Krümmungsradius C bis zu einem am Ende des Eintrittsbereiches 10 befindlichen Krümmungsradius E verlagern.In order to distribute the compensation of the volume taken up by the hose by hose occlusion over the longest possible period of time and over the largest possible rotation angle of the rotor, the bearing wall in the entry area 10 and in the exit area 12 in the direction of the entry and exit opening 9 in one of the raceway Roll back in the same direction from the circular path of the pump rollers 8. The bearing wall in the entry area 10 has a radius of curvature that increases continuously in the running direction of the pump rollers 8 and in the exit area 12 has a radius of curvature that decreases continuously in the direction of travel of the rollers, these radii of curvature being substantially larger than the radius of curvature in the working or full conveying area 11, so that there is a discontinuous jump in the radius of curvature in each case between the working area and the entry or exit area. FIG. 2 shows how the centers of the radii of curvature in the entry area 10 of the bearing wall shift from a radius of curvature C located at the beginning of the entry area 10 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 6 to a radius of curvature E located at the end of the entry area 10.

Durch den vorgenannten erfindungsgemäßen Krümmungsverlauf im Ein- und Austrittsbereich 10, 12 wird ein flacher Gradient der Veränderung des Pumpendurchflusses im Schlauch erzielt, wodurch eine Minimierung der Massenträgheitskräfte und damit der resultierenden Druckpulsation, insbesondere der negativen Verzögerungsdruckspitzen erreicht wird.The aforementioned curvature curve according to the invention in the inlet and outlet region 10, 12 results in a flat gradient of the change in the pump flow in the hose, thereby minimizing the inertial forces and thus the resulting pressure pulsation, in particular the negative deceleration pressure peaks.

Durch das Einschwenken der Pumpenrollen in den Schlauch und das anschließende Abrollen der Rollen auf dem Schlauch wird ein Zusammendrücken und Quetschen des Schlauches herbeigeführt, wobei die Quetschung am Schlauch entlangwandert, bis sie durch Ausschwenken der Rollen wieder aufgehoben wird. Diese Materialbeanspruchung des Schlauches kann im Laufe der Zeit zu einer Schädigung des Schlauches führen. Sie ist umso stärker, je abrupter das Ein- und Ausschwenken der Rollen in den Schlauch und aus dem Schlauch ist. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Krümmungsverlauf des Ein- und Austrittsbereiches erfolgt dieses Ein- und Ausschwenken über einen längeren Zeitraum und über eine größeren Drehwinkel des Rotors, wodurch die Schlauchbeanspruchung vermindert ist.By swiveling the pump rollers into the hose and then unrolling the rollers on the hose, the hose is compressed and squeezed, the pinch moving along the hose until it is removed by swiveling out the rollers. This material stress on the hose can lead to damage to the hose over time. The more abrupt the swiveling of the rollers in and out of the hose, the stronger it is. Due to the curvature of the inlet and outlet area according to the invention, this pivoting in and out takes place over a longer period of time and over a larger angle of rotation of the rotor, as a result of which the hose stress is reduced.

Beim Einschwenken der Pumpenrollen in den Schlauch tritt bei den bisher bekannten Rollenpumpen eine weitere Schlauchbeanspruchung dadurch auf, daß bei diesem Vorgang die Pumpenrolle von einer Drehzahl 0 am Rollenträger auf die maximale Rollendrehzahl beschleunigt wird, die der Abrollgeschwindigkeit der Rollen auf den Schlauch entspricht. Bei der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Rollenpumpe wird diese Schlauchbeanspruchung dadurch vermieden, daß die Rollen des Rotors über eine Antriebsverbindung gegenseitig antreibbar sind, so daß die in den Schlauch einschwenkende Pumpenrolle durch die diametral gegenüberliegende, gleichzeitig aus dem Schlauch austretende Pumpenrolle auf der Drehzahl gehalten ist, die die austretende Pumpenrolle durch ihr Abrollen auf dem Schlauch hatte. Diese Antriebsverbindung wird von einem umlaufenden Riemen 13 gebildet, der über an den Achsen der Pumpenrollen 8 angeordnete Antriebsrollen 14 und über Spannrollen 15 hinwegläuft. Die Spannrollen 15 sitzen an Schwenkhebeln 16 und werden an diesen durch eine die Hebel verbindende Zugfeder 17 nach außen gegen den Riemen 13 gedrückt. Die Schwenkhebel 16 können aber auch durch je eine eigene Zug- oder Druckfeder beaufschlagt sein.When swiveling the pump rollers into the hose, a further hose stress occurs in the roller pumps known to date in that during this process the pump roller is accelerated from a speed 0 on the roller carrier to the maximum roller speed which corresponds to the rolling speed of the rollers on the hose. In the embodiment of the roller pump according to the invention shown in Fig. 3, this hose stress is avoided by the fact that the rollers of the rotor can be driven against each other via a drive connection, so that the pump roller swiveling into the tube by the diametrically opposite pump roller simultaneously emerging from the tube on the Speed is maintained, which the emerging pump roller had by rolling on the hose. This drive connection is formed by a circumferential belt 13 which runs over drive rollers 14 arranged on the axes of the pump rollers 8 and over tension rollers 15. The tensioning rollers 15 are seated on swivel levers 16 and are pressed outwards against the belt 13 by a tension spring 17 connecting the levers. The pivot lever 16 can also be acted upon by its own tension or compression spring.

Claims (6)

Rollenpumpe für die Medizintechnik, insbesondere zur Förderung von Blut in extrakorporalen Kreisläufen, welche Rollenpumpe einen Stator mit einem zylindrischen Hohlraum aufweist, dessen Wandung als Lagerwand für einen an dieser entlang um die Mittellängsachse des Hohlraums herumgeführten Pumpenschlauch ausgebildet ist, in welchem Pumpenstator ein um dessen Mittellängsachse drehbarer Pumpenrotor angeordnet ist, der an Rollenträgern drehbar gelagerte Rollen aufweist, die bei Rotation des Rotors unter Zusammendrückung des Schlauches am Schlauch abrollbar sind, wobei die Lagerwand des Pumpenrotors eine Öffnung mit einem Ein- und einem Austrittsbereich für den Schlauch aufweist, in welchen Bereichen diese Lagerwand von der kreisförmigen Laufbahn der Pumpenrollen in einer zu dieser Laufbahn gleichsinnigen Krümmung zurücktritt ,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lagerwand (3) im Eintrittsbereich (10) einen in Laufrichtung der Pumpenrollen (8) stetig wachsenden Krümmungsradius sowie im Austrittsbereich (12) einen in Laufrichtung der Rollen stetig abnehmenden Krümmungsradius besitzt, wobei diese Krümmungsradien (C, D, E) größer sind als der Krümmungsradius im Bereich zwischen Eintritts- und Austrittsbereich.
Roller pump for medical technology, in particular for pumping blood in extracorporeal circuits, which roller pump has a stator with a cylindrical cavity, the wall of which is designed as a bearing wall for a pump hose which is guided along the central longitudinal axis of the cavity, in which pump stator a central axis about the central longitudinal axis Rotatable pump rotor is arranged, which has rotatably mounted rollers on roller carriers, which can be unrolled on rotation of the rotor while compressing the hose on the hose, the bearing wall of the pump rotor having an opening with an inlet and an outlet area for the hose, in which areas these Bearing wall withdraws from the circular track of the pump rollers in a curvature in the same direction as this track,
characterized in that the bearing wall (3) has a radius of curvature which increases continuously in the running direction of the pump rollers (8) in the inlet region (10) and a radius of curvature which decreases continuously in the direction of rotation of the rollers in the outlet region (12), these radii of curvature (C, D, E ) are larger than the radius of curvature in the area between the entry and exit area.
Rollenpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittelpunkte der Krümmungsradien im Ein- und im Austrittsbereich (10, 12) der Lagerwand (3) auf einer Kurve liegen, die sich von einer durch die Mittelachse des Hohlraums parallel zur Ebene der Ein- und Austrittsöffnung (6) des Pumpenstators (1) erstreckenden Ebene zu dieser Ein- und Austrittsöffnung hin krümmt.Roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the centers of the radii of curvature in the entry and exit areas (10, 12) of the bearing wall (3) lie on a curve which extends from one through the The central axis of the cavity curves parallel to the plane of the inlet and outlet opening (6) of the pump stator (1) to this inlet and outlet opening. Rollenpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Krümmungsverläufe des Eintrittsbereichs (10) und des Austrittsbereichs (12) mechanisch verstellbar sind.Roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the curvature of the entry area (10) and the exit area (12) are mechanically adjustable. Rollenpumpe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lagerwand (3) im Eintritts- und Austrittsbereich (10, 12) jeweils von mehreren Segmenten gebildet ist, die zur Verstellung des Krümmungsverlaufs der Lagerwand radial beweglich sind.Roller pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the bearing wall (3) in the entry and exit area (10, 12) is formed in each case by a plurality of segments which are radially movable to adjust the curvature of the bearing wall. Rollenpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Winkelgeschwindigkeit der die Pumpenrollen (8) tragenden Rollenträger (7) in Abhängigkeit von der Rollenumlaufposition veränderbar ist.Roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the angular speed of the roller carrier (7) carrying the pump rollers (8) can be changed as a function of the roller circulation position. Rollenpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pumpenrollen (8) über eine Antriebsverbindung (13, 14, 15) gegenseitig antreibbar sind.Roller pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump rollers (8) can be driven against one another via a drive connection (13, 14, 15).
EP94112501A 1993-08-12 1994-08-10 Roller pump Expired - Lifetime EP0638322B1 (en)

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DE4327152 1993-08-12
DE4327152A DE4327152C2 (en) 1993-08-12 1993-08-12 Roller pump

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EP0638322B1 EP0638322B1 (en) 1999-10-27

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US11828280B2 (en) 2017-02-16 2023-11-28 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Peristaltic pump with reduced triboelectric effects
US11795941B2 (en) 2018-12-29 2023-10-24 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Using silicone o-rings in dual action irrigation pump
WO2020190961A1 (en) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-24 Verily Life Sciences Llc Peristaltic micropump assemblies and associated devices, systems, and methods
EP4166786A1 (en) * 2021-10-18 2023-04-19 Lrp Ag Peristaltic pump

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US5470211A (en) 1995-11-28
DE4327152C2 (en) 1995-10-19
EP0638322B1 (en) 1999-10-27
DE59408855D1 (en) 1999-12-02
DE4327152A1 (en) 1995-02-16

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