EP0628784A1 - Multi-effect bullet for light fire-arms - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-effect bullet for lightweight firearms has a truncated ogive shape and has a core of soft metallic material covered, except for the tip, by a case made of copper-rich brass, which case is closed by the base and ends in a ridge which delimits a slight concavity of the lead core in the form of a spherical cap, the curvature of which varies as a function of the calibre of the bullet. The bullet is characterised in that its effect depends on the nature of the target at which the bullet is fired, being capable of passing through obstacles whose resistance may correspond to that of a protective element, and expanding on impact into a material which behaves in a similar way to that of the human body, which gives the bullet qualities making it suitable for very varied uses, these qualities being high accuracy and armour-piercing as well as a high stopping power.

Description

The present invention refers to a multi-effect bullet for small arms, the most remarkable characteristics of which are that its effect depends on the penetration resistance of the target against which it hits.

For combat at close range, we are looking for ammunition with a great detaining power which ensures that the adversary is put out of combat. It is well known that the power to detain a person with ammunition increases if his residual energy is completely absorbed by it, and to do this it is necessary not to pass through it. In addition, it is important that this munition behaves in a completely different way when crossing an obstacle whose resistance could correspond to that of a protective element. In the sense of this research, satisfactory results have not been obtained with lead bullets or with semi-armored bullets and the like of various types.

The most remarkable characteristics of the multi-effect ammunition reside in the fact that its behavior depends on the resistance of the target against which it hits, which gives it faculties, for its use with very different purposes, such as a good accuracy and perforation of armor plating and very high holding power.

Obtaining this double character of performance is the goal pursued by the designers of ammunition for weapons light fire, which was neither obtained with the 357 Magnum ammunition, which even improves that of .38 Smith & Wesson Special, and this despite the fact that we need initial speeds greater than 475 m / sg , which implies the use of heavy and bulky weapons to withstand the high pressures required and to ensure that it is well in hand.

• être dotée d'effet antiricochet en ne modifiant pas sa trajectoire au moment de son impact, et bien traverser les substances dures;
• se déformer, de façon considérable et uniforme, en choquant avec des substances molles telles que les plasticéramiques, qui présentent une résistance à la pénétration similaire à celle d'un corps humain, en se dilatant beaucoup plus que celles fabriquées jusqu'à ce jour, ce qui gêne sa pénétration, en augmentant de la sorte le pouvoir de détention de cette balle.

Until now we had not, in this research, obtained the optimum characteristics for this ammunition which are:

• have an anti-ratcheting effect by not changing its trajectory at the time of its impact, and through hard substances well;
• deform, considerably and uniformly, by shocking with soft substances such as plasticeramics, which have a resistance to penetration similar to that of a human body, by expanding much more than those manufactured to date, which hinders its penetration, thereby increasing the holding power of this ball.

During the development of this invention, we also took into account the design of the bullet so that it facilitates the feeding of the weapon and the mass production, with a quality that is demandable and controllable, thanks to automatic machines, because otherwise, the price of production would increase considerably. It has been experimentally confirmed that a truncated ogival profile should be adopted to promote feeding automatic weapon.

Finally, during experiments carried out with a munition whose design had been modified in accordance with what is claimed by this patent, the ball also deformed by flattening in a practically symmetrical manner during the impact against blocks plastic ceramic material, after having crossed a metal plate 1 to 2 millimeters thick located in front of them at about 25 centimeters.

• le principe de son design est applicable à tout type de munition pour armes légères avec des balles aplaties;
• on améliore la précision des munitions connues en poursuivant le même objectif et on obtient une déformation dont les caractéristiques sont contrôlées;
• on évite ainsi les graves inconvénients des balles en plomb.

The main advantages offered by this ammunition are as follows:

• the principle of its design is applicable to any type of ammunition for small arms with flattened bullets;
• improving the accuracy of known ammunition by pursuing the same objective and obtaining a deformation whose characteristics are controlled;
• this avoids the serious disadvantages of lead bullets.

• elles plombent les armes qui les tirent; il se produit des bavures à l'intérieur de l'âme et dans la fenêtre d'ejection, occasionnant ainsi des interruptions dans l'arme automatique qui les utilise, et qu'elles abiment.
• et, ce qui est extrêmement important, son utilisation dans les galeries de tir est déconseillée car elles produisent des gaz de plomb, qui sont très toxiques. Avec cette patente on obtient une balle qui, en maintenant pratiquement les performances imposées par les guerres existant actuellement pour de petits calibres, offre d'excellentes performances en tant que balle de défense personnelle ou de police. Ce type de design est applicable à tout type de munition conventionnelle similaire qui
• est projetée pour des vitesses initiales supérieures à 400 m/sg;
• a une portée efficace similaire à celle de la munition de guerre;
• a un grand pouvoir de perforation parce qu'elle impacte avec une grande énergie rémanent et, enfin,
• possède un haut pouvoir de détention, en cédant toute son énergie rémanent dans un court trajet, sur un corps qui a les caractéristiques des substances plasticéramiques.

On the other hand, it is well known that with bare lead bullets the desired effect is obtained with the present register, although in a lesser proportion, because the perforating power is lower, and in addition presenting the serious disadvantages following:

• they seal the weapons which fire them; burrs occur inside the core and in the ejection window, thus causing interruptions in the automatic weapon which uses them, and which they damage.
• and, most importantly, its use in shooting galleries is not recommended because they produce lead gases, which are very toxic. With this patent, a ball is obtained which, while practically maintaining the performance imposed by wars currently existing for small calibers, offers excellent performance as a personal defense or police bullet. This type of design is applicable to any type of similar conventional ammunition which
• is planned for initial speeds greater than 400 m / sg;
• has an effective range similar to that of war ammunition;
• has a great power of perforation because it impacts with great residual energy and, finally,
• has a high capacity of detention, by yielding all its residual energy in a short way, on a body which has the characteristics of plasticeramic substances.

• que l'enveloppe de laiton, à haut contenu en cuivre, dont l'intérieur est rempli de plomb mou, arrive jusqu'au bord supérieur de la balle;
• que la dite enveloppe forme, sur la partie dénudée du noyau de plomb, une légère concavité en forme de calotte sphérique;
• que le poids de la balle soit tel qu'à la décharge on obtienne des vitesses initiales supérieures à 400 m/sg avec des charges de projection produisant des pressions maximum inférieures aux pressions de sécurité réglementaires.

We can say that, for the projectile to cover the performances sought in this study, it is crucial:

• that the brass envelope, with a high copper content, the interior of which is filled with soft lead, reaches the upper edge of the bullet;
• that said envelope forms, on the bare part of the lead core, a slight concavity in the form of a spherical cap;
• the weight of the bale is such that at discharge we obtain initial speeds greater than 400 m / sg with projection loads producing maximum pressures lower than the regulatory safety pressures.

We insist on the fact that to obtain the desired effects it is very important that the edge of the envelope does not produce a stapling effect preventing the exit of lead by shocking with a soft body.

The invention, as characterized in the claims, covers the still existing needs of a light weapon bullet which, after having passed through an armor which can only be pierced by bullets projected for a munition of war, expands even more, and more regularly, than the ammunition for personal defense currently known.

Using the attached figure, an example of the execution of the multiple-effect bullet for small arms is described below, emphasizing that the principle of its constitution is the same for the different calibers and types of bullets to which it can be applied.

The cartridge (1) has an external final configuration which is truncated ogival and which coincides exactly with that of the usual ammunition of the weapons for which it is intended up to the zone (4) in which the crimping pressure is applied between the sleeve. (2) and the shell of the bullet (5), maintaining the extension constituted by the bullet in the profile of the ammunition used until now; we can therefore use the existing weapons, without the use of special weapons. The interior of the sleeve (2) contains the projection charge (3), which must be optimum, that is to say with which the highest initial speed can be obtained which can be achieved with a specific powder. Currently there are powders with which initial speeds are reached greater than 400 m / sg previously reported as necessary.

With regard to the projectile, it can be seen in the figure that the envelope (5) surrounds the lead core (6) up to the point of the bullet, where it ends in an edge (7), the edge of the cavity (8) having the shape of a spherical cap. This type of flat base bullet improves accuracy.

Claims (1)

Multiple-effect bullet for small arms, of the type consisting of a core of soft metallic material located inside a brass envelope rich in copper which covers it except on the point, characterized in that the the copper-rich brass casing has a truncated ogival shape which reaches the upper edge of the bullet; the edge of said envelope ends in an edge, the lead core having a slight concavity in the form of a spherical cap, the arrow of which varies according to the caliber of said ball.

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