EP0624753A2 - Vehicle headlights - Google Patents

Vehicle headlights Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0624753A2
EP0624753A2 EP94105663A EP94105663A EP0624753A2 EP 0624753 A2 EP0624753 A2 EP 0624753A2 EP 94105663 A EP94105663 A EP 94105663A EP 94105663 A EP94105663 A EP 94105663A EP 0624753 A2 EP0624753 A2 EP 0624753A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
lens
reflector
diaphragm
reflection element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94105663A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0624753A3 (en
EP0624753B1 (en
Inventor
Freider Dipl.-Ing. Alber
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Lampen (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0624753A2 publication Critical patent/EP0624753A2/en
Publication of EP0624753A3 publication Critical patent/EP0624753A3/en
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Publication of EP0624753B1 publication Critical patent/EP0624753B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F21S41/365Combinations of two or more separate reflectors successively reflecting the light
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/17Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for regions other than high beam or low beam
    • F21W2102/18Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for regions other than high beam or low beam for overhead signs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a headlamp for vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a headlight is known from DE 33 40 796 A1.
  • This headlight has a reflector in which a light source is inserted.
  • a lens is arranged in the light exit direction from the reflector and a diaphragm is arranged in the beam path between the reflector and the lens and has a diaphragm edge which is imaged by the lens.
  • the light beam emitted by the headlight illuminates the area in front of the vehicle and is limited at the top by a light-dark boundary formed by the edge of the panel.
  • the light-dark limit is sharply defined and above this the area in front of the vehicle is only very weakly illuminated, so that dazzling oncoming vehicle drivers is reliably avoided.
  • the headlamp according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the illumination of the area in front of the vehicle above the light / dark boundary is improved by the at least one reflection element.
  • the illuminance and the illuminance distribution can be influenced in a targeted manner by the size and shape of the reflection element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a headlamp in a longitudinal section with a measuring screen arranged in front of it
  • FIG. 2 shows the measuring screen with an illuminance distribution generated by the headlamp thereon.
  • a headlight for vehicles serves as a low-beam headlight and has a reflector 10, in the apex region of which a light source 12 is inserted, which can be an incandescent lamp or a gas discharge lamp.
  • a lens 16 is arranged in the light exit direction 14, that is to say in the direction of the light beams reflected by the reflector 10, and in the beam path between the reflector 10 and the lens 16 an aperture 18 is arranged.
  • the aperture 18 extends below the optical axis 20 of the reflector 10 and has an upper edge 22 which is arranged approximately at the height of the optical axis 20.
  • the reflector 10 is ellipsoidal and contains different ellipses in axial longitudinal sections, that is to say containing the optical axis 20. These ellipses all have a common inner focal point F1 in the area of which the light source 12 is arranged. In the vertical axial longitudinal section shown in FIG. 1, an ellipse results, the outer focal point F2v of which is in the area of the diaphragm 18. In the horizontal axial longitudinal section there is an ellipse, the outer focal point F2h of which lies in the region of the lens 16.
  • the lens 16 has a flat surface 24 facing the reflector 10 and a convexly curved surface 26 facing away from it.
  • the convexly curved surface 26 can be spherical or aspherical, depending on which imaging properties are necessary for the lens 16.
  • the aperture 18 shields the light reflected upward from the reflector 10 with respect to the optical axis 20.
  • the lens 16 forms the upper edge 22 of the diaphragm 18, which forms a light-dark boundary in the illuminance distribution generated by the headlight on a measuring screen 28 arranged vertically in front of it.
  • the shape of the upper edge 22 of the diaphragm 18 thus determines the course of the Corposcuro limit of the illuminance distribution, but it must be taken into account that the diaphragm edge 22 is imaged by the lens 16 in the wrong direction.
  • FIG. 2 shows the measuring screen 28 arranged vertically in front of the headlight with the hatched area 30 illuminated by the headlight on it with high illuminance.
  • the measuring screen 28 represents an area in front of the vehicle with a roadway and is used to check the headlights generated illuminance distribution under standard conditions.
  • a horizontal center plane HH and a vertical center plane VV are drawn on the measuring screen 28, which intersect at the point HV, through which a horizontal connecting line between the headlight and the measuring screen 28 also passes.
  • the area 30 is limited at the top by the Patoscuro boundary, which has a horizontal section 32 on the oncoming traffic side, that is to say in the headlamp designed for right-hand traffic of the exemplary embodiment of the left-hand side in FIG.
  • the horizontal section 32 is arranged approximately 1 percent below the horizontal center plane HH of the measuring screen 28, this angle specification relating to the headlight as the fulcrum.
  • the course of the Cadoscuro boundary is generally based on legal regulations, the Cadoscuro limit explained above with the horizontal section 32 and the inclined section 34 being sufficient in existing legal regulations in Europe.
  • the Corposcuro border has the horizontal section 32 on the oncoming traffic side and a horizontal section 36 which is also arranged higher than this on its own traffic side, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • the minimum illuminance is required by law at a large number of measuring points.
  • At least one reflection element 38 is arranged in the beam path of the light between the diaphragm 18 and the lens 16, by means of which light reflected by the reflector 10 and incident thereon is reflected inclined upward with respect to the optical axis 20, so that it passes through the lens 16 illuminates the measuring screen 28 above the Patoscuro limit 32.34 or 32.36.
  • only one reflection element 38 is shown, which is designed as a flat mirror and is close the optical axis 20 is arranged somewhat below this.
  • the reflection element 38 strikes light rays 40 reflected from a region of the reflector 10 arranged somewhat above the optical axis 20 and extending with a slight inclination to the optical axis 20.
  • the vertical extent of the reflection element 38 is small compared to the diaphragm 18, so that one further The region of the reflector 10 lying above the optical axis 20 is reflected and light rays 42 which are inclined more downward with respect to the optical axis 20 are not influenced by the reflection element 38.
  • the reflection element 38 can, as shown in FIG. 1, be held on the aperture 18, for example by means of rivets, or, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, on a support 44 holding the lens 16.
  • the reflection element 38 can also be integral with the aperture 18 or the Carrier 44 are executed.
  • the size of the reflection element 38 depends on the illuminance with which the measuring screen 28 is to be illuminated above the light-dark boundary.
  • the reflection surface of the reflection element 38 can also be designed to be convex or concave, in a departure from the illustration, and generally depends on the illuminance distribution to be achieved in the region above the light-dark boundary. In addition, light can be reflected horizontally scattered by the reflection element 38.
  • the reflection element 38 is designed in such a way that the light reflected by it complies with legal regulations regarding the required minimum illuminance values and the maximum permissible illuminance values above the light-dark limit.
  • the ECE control 20 contains, for example, a measuring point B50L in which the illuminance may be a maximum of 0.4 lux. Taking into account the legal regulations, the illuminance distribution above the light-dark limit can be chosen freely will.
  • the illuminance distribution can be chosen, for example, such that a region 46 of the measuring screen 28 lying directly above the light-dark boundary, which extends to approximately 2 degrees above the horizontal central plane HH and below approximately 4 degrees on both sides of the vertical central plane VV of the measuring screen 28, through which the Reflection element 38 reflected light is only weakly illuminated. This avoids dazzling oncoming vehicle drivers or at least keeps them low.
  • a region 48 which adjoins the region 46 upwards and laterally and vertically upwards to approximately 4 degrees to the horizontal center plane HH and on both sides to approximately 8 degrees of the vertical center plane VV of the measuring screen 28 region 48 is stronger than by the light reflected by the reflection element 38 the area 46 is illuminated.
  • the illuminance distribution in areas 46 and 48 is based on legal regulations. By illuminating areas 46 and 48, the vehicle driver can perceive the traffic situation there, that is, objects located there, such as high-placed traffic signs or other road users, can be recognized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The headlight (headlamp) has a reflector (10) into which a light source (12) is inserted. A lens (16) is arranged remote from the reflector (10), seen in the direction (14) of light emission, and a diaphragm (18) is arranged in the beam path between the reflector (10) and the lens (16), which diaphragm has an upper edge (22) which is imaged as light/dark boundary by means of the lens (16). At least one reflection element (38) is arranged in the beam path between the diaphragm (18) and the lens (16), by means of which reflection element part of the light which is reflected by the reflector (10) is deflected in such a manner that it illuminates, after passing through the lens (16), an area which is located in front of the vehicle and above the light/dark boundary and thereby improves the ability of the driver of the vehicle to perceive the traffic situation which is above the light/dark boundary, without dazzling oncoming drivers of vehicles. <IMAGE>

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a headlamp for vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solcher Scheinwerfer ist durch die DE 33 40 796 A1 bekannt. Dieser Scheinwerfer weist einen Reflektor auf, in den eine Lichtquelle eingesetzt ist. In Lichtaustrittsrichtung vom Reflektor entfernt ist eine Linse angeordnet und im Strahlengang zwischen dem Reflektor und der Linse ist eine Blende angeordnet, welche eine Blendenkante aufweist, die durch die Linse abgebildet wird. Das vom Scheinwerfer ausgesandte Lichtbündel beleuchtet den vor dem Fahrzeug liegenden Bereich und ist nach oben durch eine von der Blendenkante gebildete Helldunkelgrenze begrenzt. Die Helldunkelgrenze ist dabei scharf ausgeprägt und oberhalb dieser wird der Bereich vor dem Fahrzeug nur sehr schwach beleuchtet, so daß eine Blendung entgegenkommender Fahrzeuglenker sicher vermieden ist. Nachteilig bei diesem Scheinwerfer ist jedoch, daß wegen der schwachen Beleuchtung des oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze liegenden Bereichs vor dem Fahrzeug dort sich befindende Objekte, wie beispielsweise Verkehrsschilder oder ähnliches, nur schlecht zu erkennen sind. In neuen gesetzlichen Regelungen sind daher auch Vorschriften für Beleuchtungsstärkewerte oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze enthalten.Such a headlight is known from DE 33 40 796 A1. This headlight has a reflector in which a light source is inserted. A lens is arranged in the light exit direction from the reflector and a diaphragm is arranged in the beam path between the reflector and the lens and has a diaphragm edge which is imaged by the lens. The light beam emitted by the headlight illuminates the area in front of the vehicle and is limited at the top by a light-dark boundary formed by the edge of the panel. The light-dark limit is sharply defined and above this the area in front of the vehicle is only very weakly illuminated, so that dazzling oncoming vehicle drivers is reliably avoided. A disadvantage of this headlamp, however, is that, due to the weak illumination of the area in front of the vehicle above the light-dark boundary, objects such as traffic signs or the like located there are difficult to recognize. In new legal Regulations are therefore also regulations for illuminance values above the chiaroscuro limit.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Scheinwerfer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch das wenigstens eine Reflexionselement die Beleuchtung des vor dem Fahrzeug liegenden Bereichs oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze verbessert ist. Dabei kann die Beleuchtungsstärke und die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung durch die Größe und Form des Reflexionselements gezielt beeinflußt werden.The headlamp according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the illumination of the area in front of the vehicle above the light / dark boundary is improved by the at least one reflection element. The illuminance and the illuminance distribution can be influenced in a targeted manner by the size and shape of the reflection element.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung angegeben.Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Scheinwerfer in einem Längsschnitt mit einem vor diesem angeordneten Meßschirm und Figur 2 den Meßschirm mit einer vom Scheinwerfer auf diesem erzeugten Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows a headlamp in a longitudinal section with a measuring screen arranged in front of it, and FIG. 2 shows the measuring screen with an illuminance distribution generated by the headlamp thereon.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeipielsDescription of the execution example

Ein Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, dient als Abblendlichtscheinwerfer und weist einen Reflektor 10 auf, in dessen Scheitelbereich eine Lichtquelle 12 eingesetzt ist, die eine Glühlampe oder eine Gasentladungslampe sein kann. In Lichtaustrittsrichtung 14, das heißt in Richtung der vom Reflektor 10 reflektierten Lichtstrahlen vom Reflektor 10 entfernt ist eine Linse 16 angeordnet und im Strahlengang zwischen dem Reflektor 10 und der Linse 16 ist eine Blende 18 angeordnet. Die Blende 18 erstreckt sich unterhalb der optischen Achse 20 des Reflektors 10 und weist eine Oberkante 22 auf, die etwa auf HÖhe der optischen Achse 20 angeordnet ist. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Reflektor 10 ellipsoid ausgebildet und enthält in axialen, das heißt die optische Achse 20 enthaltenden Längsschnitten unterschiedliche Ellipsen. Diese Ellipsen besitzen alle einen gemeinsamen inneren Brennpunkt F1 in dessen Bereich die Lichtquelle 12 angeordnet ist. Im in Figur 1 dargestellten vertikalen axialen Längsschnitt ergibt sich eine Ellipse, deren äußerer Brennpunkt F2v im Bereich der Blende 18 liegt. Im horizontalen axialen Längsschnitt ergibt sich eine Ellipse, deren äußerer Brennpunkt F2h im Bereich der Linse 16 liegt.A headlight for vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, serves as a low-beam headlight and has a reflector 10, in the apex region of which a light source 12 is inserted, which can be an incandescent lamp or a gas discharge lamp. A lens 16 is arranged in the light exit direction 14, that is to say in the direction of the light beams reflected by the reflector 10, and in the beam path between the reflector 10 and the lens 16 an aperture 18 is arranged. The aperture 18 extends below the optical axis 20 of the reflector 10 and has an upper edge 22 which is arranged approximately at the height of the optical axis 20. In the exemplary embodiment, the reflector 10 is ellipsoidal and contains different ellipses in axial longitudinal sections, that is to say containing the optical axis 20. These ellipses all have a common inner focal point F1 in the area of which the light source 12 is arranged. In the vertical axial longitudinal section shown in FIG. 1, an ellipse results, the outer focal point F2v of which is in the area of the diaphragm 18. In the horizontal axial longitudinal section there is an ellipse, the outer focal point F2h of which lies in the region of the lens 16.

Die Linse 16 weist eine dem Reflektor 10 zugewandte plane Fläche 24 und diesem abgewandt eine konvex gekrümmte Fläche 26 auf. Die konvex gekrümmte Fläche 26 kann sphärisch oder asphärisch ausgebildet werden, je nachdem welche Abbildungseigenschaften für die Linse 16 notwendig sind. Durch die Blende 18 wird das vom Reflektor 10 bezüglich der optischen Achse 20 nach oben gerichtet reflektierte Licht abgeschirmt. Die Linse 16 bildet dabei die Oberkante 22 der Blende 18 ab, welche eine Helldunkelgrenze in der vom Scheinwerfer auf einem senkrecht vor diesem angeordneten Meßschirm 28 erzeugten Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung bildet. Die Form der Oberkante 22 der Blende 18 bestimmt damit den Verlauf der Helldunkelgrenze der Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung, wobei jedoch zu berücksichtigen ist, daß die Blendenkante 22 höhen- und seitenverkehrt durch die Linse 16 abgebildet wird.The lens 16 has a flat surface 24 facing the reflector 10 and a convexly curved surface 26 facing away from it. The convexly curved surface 26 can be spherical or aspherical, depending on which imaging properties are necessary for the lens 16. The aperture 18 shields the light reflected upward from the reflector 10 with respect to the optical axis 20. The lens 16 forms the upper edge 22 of the diaphragm 18, which forms a light-dark boundary in the illuminance distribution generated by the headlight on a measuring screen 28 arranged vertically in front of it. The shape of the upper edge 22 of the diaphragm 18 thus determines the course of the chiaroscuro limit of the illuminance distribution, but it must be taken into account that the diaphragm edge 22 is imaged by the lens 16 in the wrong direction.

In Figur 2 ist der senkrecht vor dem Scheinwerfer angeordnete Meßschirm 28 mit dem vom Scheinwerfer auf diesem mit hoher Beleuchtungsstärke beleuchteten schraffierten Bereich 30 dargestellt. Der Meßschirm 28 repräsentiert dabei einen vor dem Fahrzeug liegenden Bereich mit einer Fahrbahn und dient zur Prüfung der vom Scheinwerfer erzeugten Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung unter Normbedingungen. Auf dem Meßschirm 28 sind eine horizontale Mittelebene HH und eine vertikale Mittelebene VV eingezeichnet, die sich im Punkt HV schneiden, durch welchen auch eine horizontale Verbindungslinie zwischen dem Scheinwerfer und dem Meßschirm 28 hindurchtritt. Der Bereich 30 ist nach oben durch die Helldunkelgrenze begrenzt, die auf der Gegenverkehrsseite, also bei dem für Rechtsverkehr ausgelegten Scheinwerfer des Ausführungsbeispiels der linken Seite in Figur 2, einen horizontalen Abschnitt 32, und auf der eigenen Verkehrsseite einen zum Rand hin ansteigenden Abschnitt 34 aufweist. Der horizontale Abschnitt 32 ist etwa 1 Prozent unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelebene HH des Meßschirms 28 angeordnet, wobei sich diese Winkelangabe auf den Scheinwerfer als Drehpunkt bezieht. Der Verlauf der Helldunkelgrenze richtet sich allgemein nach gesetzlichen Vorschriften, wobei die vorstehend erläuterte Helldunkelgrenze mit dem horizontalen Abschnitt 32 und dem geneigten Abschnitt 34 in Europa bestehenden gesetzlichen Vorschriften genügt. Es gibt jedoch auch Länder mit anderen gesetzlichen Vorschriften, wonach die Helldunkelgrenze auf der Gegenverkehrsseite den horizontalen Abschnitt 32 und auf der eigenen Verkehrsseite einen gegenüber diesem höher angeordneten ebenfalls horizontalen Abschnitt 36 aufweist, wie in Figur 2 gestrichelt eingezeichnet. Für den beleuchteten Bereich 30 ist an einer Vielzahl von Meßpunkten die Mindestbeleuchtungsstärke gesetzlich vorgeschrieben.FIG. 2 shows the measuring screen 28 arranged vertically in front of the headlight with the hatched area 30 illuminated by the headlight on it with high illuminance. The measuring screen 28 represents an area in front of the vehicle with a roadway and is used to check the headlights generated illuminance distribution under standard conditions. A horizontal center plane HH and a vertical center plane VV are drawn on the measuring screen 28, which intersect at the point HV, through which a horizontal connecting line between the headlight and the measuring screen 28 also passes. The area 30 is limited at the top by the chiaroscuro boundary, which has a horizontal section 32 on the oncoming traffic side, that is to say in the headlamp designed for right-hand traffic of the exemplary embodiment of the left-hand side in FIG. 2, and a section 34 rising towards the edge on its own traffic side . The horizontal section 32 is arranged approximately 1 percent below the horizontal center plane HH of the measuring screen 28, this angle specification relating to the headlight as the fulcrum. The course of the chiaroscuro boundary is generally based on legal regulations, the chiaroscuro limit explained above with the horizontal section 32 and the inclined section 34 being sufficient in existing legal regulations in Europe. However, there are also countries with other legal regulations, according to which the chiaroscuro border has the horizontal section 32 on the oncoming traffic side and a horizontal section 36 which is also arranged higher than this on its own traffic side, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 2. For the illuminated area 30, the minimum illuminance is required by law at a large number of measuring points.

Im Strahlengang des Lichts zwischen der Blende 18 und der Linse 16 ist erfindungsgemäß wenigstens ein Reflexionselement 38 angeordnet, durch welches vom Reflektor 10 reflektiertes und auf dieses treffendes Licht bezüglich der optischen Achse 20 nach oben geneigt reflektiert wird, so daß es nach Durchtritt durch die Linse 16 den Meßschirm 28 oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze 32,34 bzw. 32,36 beleuchtet. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel ist lediglich ein Reflexionselement 38 dargestellt, das als ebener Spiegel ausgeführt ist und nahe der optischen Achse 20 etwas unterhalb von dieser angeordnet ist. Auf das Reflexionselement 38 treffen dabei von einem etwas oberhalb des optischen Achse 20 angeordneten Bereich des Reflektors 10 reflektierte und mit geringer Neigung zur optischen Achse 20 verlaufende Lichtstrahlen 40. Die vertikale Erstreckung des Reflexionselements 38 ist verglichen mit der Blende 18 gering so daß von einem weiter oberhalb der optischen Achse 20 liegenden Bereich des Reflektors 10 reflektierte und bezüglich der optischen Achse 20 stärker nach unten geneigte Lichtstrahlen 42 durch das Reflexionselement 38 nicht beeinflußt werden. Das Reflexionselement 38 kann wie in Figur 1 dargestellt an der Blende 18 gehalten sein, beispielsweise mittels Nieten, oder, wie in Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellt, an einem die Linse 16 haltenden Träger 44. Das Reflexionselement 38 kann auch einstückig mit der Blende 18 oder dem Träger 44 ausgeführt werden. Die Größe des Reflexionselements 38 richtet sich danach, mit welcher Beleuchtungsstärke der Meßschirm 28 oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze beleuchtet werden soll. Es ist auch möglich anstelle eines relativ großen Reflexionselements 38 mehrere kleinere Reflexionselemente vorzusehen. Die Reflexionsfläche des Reflexionselements 38 kann abweichend zur Darstellung auch konvex oder konkav gekrümmt ausgeführt werden und richtet sich allgemein nach der zu erzielenden Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung im Bereich oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze. Außerdem kann durch das Reflexionselement 38 Licht horizontal gestreut reflektiert werden.According to the invention, at least one reflection element 38 is arranged in the beam path of the light between the diaphragm 18 and the lens 16, by means of which light reflected by the reflector 10 and incident thereon is reflected inclined upward with respect to the optical axis 20, so that it passes through the lens 16 illuminates the measuring screen 28 above the chiaroscuro limit 32.34 or 32.36. In the exemplary embodiment, only one reflection element 38 is shown, which is designed as a flat mirror and is close the optical axis 20 is arranged somewhat below this. The reflection element 38 strikes light rays 40 reflected from a region of the reflector 10 arranged somewhat above the optical axis 20 and extending with a slight inclination to the optical axis 20. The vertical extent of the reflection element 38 is small compared to the diaphragm 18, so that one further The region of the reflector 10 lying above the optical axis 20 is reflected and light rays 42 which are inclined more downward with respect to the optical axis 20 are not influenced by the reflection element 38. The reflection element 38 can, as shown in FIG. 1, be held on the aperture 18, for example by means of rivets, or, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, on a support 44 holding the lens 16. The reflection element 38 can also be integral with the aperture 18 or the Carrier 44 are executed. The size of the reflection element 38 depends on the illuminance with which the measuring screen 28 is to be illuminated above the light-dark boundary. Instead of a relatively large reflection element 38, it is also possible to provide a plurality of smaller reflection elements. The reflection surface of the reflection element 38 can also be designed to be convex or concave, in a departure from the illustration, and generally depends on the illuminance distribution to be achieved in the region above the light-dark boundary. In addition, light can be reflected horizontally scattered by the reflection element 38.

Insgesamt ist das Reflexionselement 38 so ausgelegt, daß durch das von diesem reflektierte Licht gesetzliche Vorschriften über erforderliche Mindestbeleuchtungsstärkewerte und maximal zulässige Beleuchtungsstärkewerte oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze eingehalten werden. In der ECE-Regelung 20 ist beispielsweise ein Meßpunkt B50L enthalten, in dem die Beleuchtungsstärke maximal 0,4 lux betragen darf. Unter Beachtung der gesetzlichen Vorschriften kann die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze frei gewählt werden. Die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung kann beispielsweise so gewählt werden, daß ein direkt oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze liegender Bereich 46 des Meßschirms 28, der sich bis etwa 2 Grad oberhalb der horizontalen Mittelebene HH und unter etwa 4 Grad beidseits der vertikalen Mittelebene VV des Meßschirms 28 erstreckt, durch das vom Reflexionselement 38 reflektierte Licht nur schwach beleuchtet wird. Hierdurch wird eine Blendung entgegenkommender Fahrzeuglenker vermieden oder zumindest gering gehalten. Ein sich nach oben und seitlich an den Bereich 46 anschließender und vertikal nach oben bis etwa 4 Grad zur horizontalen Mittelebene HH und sich beidseits bis etwa 8 Grad der vertikalen Mittelebene VV des Meßschirms 28 erstreckender Bereich 48 wird durch das vom Reflexionselement 38 reflektierte Licht stärker als der Bereich 46 beleuchtet. Die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung in den Bereichen 46 und 48 richtet sich dabei nach gesetzlichen Vorschriften. Durch die Beleuchtung der Bereiche 46 und 48 kann vom Fahrzeuglenker die dort liegende Verkehrssituation wahrgenommen werden, also dort sich befindende Gegenstände wie hoch angebrachte Verkehrszeichen oder andere Verkehrsteilnehmer erkannt werden können.Overall, the reflection element 38 is designed in such a way that the light reflected by it complies with legal regulations regarding the required minimum illuminance values and the maximum permissible illuminance values above the light-dark limit. The ECE control 20 contains, for example, a measuring point B50L in which the illuminance may be a maximum of 0.4 lux. Taking into account the legal regulations, the illuminance distribution above the light-dark limit can be chosen freely will. The illuminance distribution can be chosen, for example, such that a region 46 of the measuring screen 28 lying directly above the light-dark boundary, which extends to approximately 2 degrees above the horizontal central plane HH and below approximately 4 degrees on both sides of the vertical central plane VV of the measuring screen 28, through which the Reflection element 38 reflected light is only weakly illuminated. This avoids dazzling oncoming vehicle drivers or at least keeps them low. A region 48 which adjoins the region 46 upwards and laterally and vertically upwards to approximately 4 degrees to the horizontal center plane HH and on both sides to approximately 8 degrees of the vertical center plane VV of the measuring screen 28 region 48 is stronger than by the light reflected by the reflection element 38 the area 46 is illuminated. The illuminance distribution in areas 46 and 48 is based on legal regulations. By illuminating areas 46 and 48, the vehicle driver can perceive the traffic situation there, that is, objects located there, such as high-placed traffic signs or other road users, can be recognized.

Claims (5)

Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge mit einer Lichtquelle (12), einem Reflektor (10), einer in Lichtaustrittsrichtung (14) vom Reflektor (10) entfernt angeordneten Linse (16) und mit einer im Strahlengang zwischen dem Reflektor (10) und der Linse (16) angeordneten Blende (18), die eine Blendenkante (22) aufweist, welche durch die Linse (16) als Helldunkelgrenze (32,34;32,36) des vom Scheinwerfer ausgesandten Lichtbündels abgebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß im Strahlengang zwischen der Blende (18) und der Linse (16) wenigstens ein Reflexionselement (38) angeordnet ist, durch welches ein Teil des vom Reflektor (10) reflektierten Lichts so abgelenkt wird, daß es nach Durchtritt durch die Linse (16) einen Bereich vor dem Fahrzeug oberhalb der Helldunkelgrenze (32,34;32,36) beleuchtet.Headlamps for vehicles with a light source (12), a reflector (10), a lens (16) arranged in the light exit direction (14) from the reflector (10) and with a beam path between the reflector (10) and the lens (16) arranged diaphragm (18), which has a diaphragm edge (22) which is imaged by the lens (16) as the light-dark boundary (32, 34; 32, 36) of the light beam emitted by the headlight, characterized in that in the beam path between the diaphragm (18 ) and the lens (16) at least one reflection element (38) is arranged, by which a part of the light reflected by the reflector (10) is deflected so that it passes through the lens (16) an area in front of the vehicle above the light-dark boundary (32.34; 32.36) illuminated. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wenigstens eine Reflexionselement (38) nahe der optischen Achse (20) des Reflektors (10) unterhalb von dieser angeordnet ist.Headlight according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one reflection element (38) is arranged near the optical axis (20) of the reflector (10) below it. Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reflexionselement (38) eine vertikale Erstreckung aufweist, die gegenüber der der Blende (18) wesentlich geringer ist.Headlamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the reflection element (38) has a vertical extent which is substantially less than that of the diaphragm (18). Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reflexionselement (38) an der Blende (18) gehalten ist.Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reflection element (38) is held on the diaphragm (18). Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Linse (16) in einem Träger (44) gehalten ist und daß das Reflexionselement (38) am Träger (44) gehalten ist.Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lens (16) is held in a carrier (44) and in that the reflection element (38) is held on the carrier (44).
EP94105663A 1993-05-08 1994-04-13 Vehicle headlights Expired - Lifetime EP0624753B1 (en)

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DE4315401 1993-05-08
DE4315401A DE4315401A1 (en) 1993-05-08 1993-05-08 Headlights for vehicles

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EP0624753B1 EP0624753B1 (en) 1998-03-25

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FR2796705A1 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-26 Koito Mfg Co Ltd VEHICLE HEADLIGHT
EP1260758A1 (en) * 2001-05-25 2002-11-27 Valeo Vision Headlight for motor vehicle
FR2888916A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-26 Valeo Vision Sa OPTICAL MODULE FOR AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING DEVICE
FR2895782A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-06 Valeo Vision Sa Lighting multifunction e.g. dim function, elliptical projector device e.g. headlamp, for motor vehicle, has cover plate comprising folder with light reflecting surfaces that redirect light rays above optically active edge of plate
US7387413B2 (en) * 2003-07-23 2008-06-17 Schott Ag Lighting apparatus, lens and method of making the lens
DE102013207850A1 (en) 2013-04-29 2014-10-30 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Light module for a motor vehicle headlight

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FR2769688B1 (en) * 1997-10-14 2000-03-10 Valeo Vision ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR WITH ATTENUATED CUT
FR2770617B1 (en) * 1997-10-30 2000-02-04 Valeo Vision ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH A LIGHT BEAM
FR2788585B1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2001-04-27 Valeo Vision ELLIPTICAL PROJECTOR, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
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JP4749968B2 (en) * 2006-07-31 2011-08-17 株式会社小糸製作所 Vehicle headlamp
DE102009035743A1 (en) 2009-08-01 2011-02-17 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Light module for a motor vehicle headlight

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GB2352802A (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-02-07 Koito Mfg Co Ltd Vehicle headlamp which illuminates overhead signs
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EP1260758A1 (en) * 2001-05-25 2002-11-27 Valeo Vision Headlight for motor vehicle
FR2825138A1 (en) * 2001-05-25 2002-11-29 Valeo Vision MOTOR VEHICLE LIGHTING PROJECTOR
US7387413B2 (en) * 2003-07-23 2008-06-17 Schott Ag Lighting apparatus, lens and method of making the lens
US7722233B2 (en) 2005-07-21 2010-05-25 Valeo Vision Optical module for a motor vehicle lighting device
EP1746340A3 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-11-07 Valeo Vision Optical module for a motor vehicle lighting device
FR2888916A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-26 Valeo Vision Sa OPTICAL MODULE FOR AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING DEVICE
EP1806531A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Valeo Vision Multifunctional elliptical headlamp device with additional optical element
FR2895782A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-06 Valeo Vision Sa Lighting multifunction e.g. dim function, elliptical projector device e.g. headlamp, for motor vehicle, has cover plate comprising folder with light reflecting surfaces that redirect light rays above optically active edge of plate
DE102013207850A1 (en) 2013-04-29 2014-10-30 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Light module for a motor vehicle headlight
EP2799761A2 (en) 2013-04-29 2014-11-05 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen GmbH Light module for a motor vehicle headlamp
US9249943B2 (en) 2013-04-29 2016-02-02 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Light module for a motor vehicle headlamp

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DE4315401A1 (en) 1994-11-10
EP0624753A3 (en) 1995-03-01
DE59405501D1 (en) 1998-04-30
EP0624753B1 (en) 1998-03-25

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