EP0623147A1 - Ein "Major Histocompatibility Complex" Klasse II Antigen in eine Impfstoff gegen ein Immundefizienzvirus - Google Patents

Ein "Major Histocompatibility Complex" Klasse II Antigen in eine Impfstoff gegen ein Immundefizienzvirus

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Publication number
EP0623147A1
EP0623147A1 EP93902402A EP93902402A EP0623147A1 EP 0623147 A1 EP0623147 A1 EP 0623147A1 EP 93902402 A EP93902402 A EP 93902402A EP 93902402 A EP93902402 A EP 93902402A EP 0623147 A1 EP0623147 A1 EP 0623147A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antigen
cells
virus
animals
immunodeficiency virus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93902402A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Edward James National Inst. For Biological Stott
Peter A. National Inst. For Biological Kitchin
Kingston H. G. National Inst. For Biologic. Mills
Woon Ling National Institute For Biological Chan
Mark National Institute For Biological Page
Lesley F. National Institute For Biological Taffs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medical Research Council
Original Assignee
Medical Research Council
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medical Research Council filed Critical Medical Research Council
Publication of EP0623147A1 publication Critical patent/EP0623147A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C07K14/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily
    • C07K14/70539—MHC-molecules, e.g. HLA-molecules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Definitions

  • This invention relates to vaccines against immunodeficiency viruses.
  • the invention provides a class II antigen for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body by therapy, in particular for use as a vaccine against an immunodeficiency virus.
  • MHC histocompatibiiity complex
  • the invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and, as active ingredient, a MHC class II antigen.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent and, as active ingredient, a MHC class II antigen.
  • the invention further provides use of a MHC class II antigen in the manufacture of a medicament for use as a vaccine against an immunodeficiency virus.
  • the antigen is preferably a human class II antigen.
  • the antigen may therefore be a HLA-DP, HLA-DQ or HLA-DR antigen such as the HLA-DR4 antigen. These are known antigens and can be obtained in purified form. They may be prepared as recombinant proteins.
  • the class II antigen may be given presented by transfected cells, i.e. by cells transfected with a gene encoding the antigen and which consequently express the antigen.
  • Transfected cells which may be administered to a human may be transfected cells of a human diploid cell line. Such cell lines have been tested for safety for the purpose of human vaccine manufacture.
  • An appropriate cell line is the MRC5 cell line.
  • Allogeneic lymphocytes which present a class II antigen may be administered to a patient.
  • the lymphocytes may be given as live cells, for example as a blood transfusion. Alternatively they may also be given as fixed or inactivated cells.
  • the lymphocytes may be ones in which the expression of the class II antigen has been enhanced, for example by stimulation with a mitogen or gamma-interferon.
  • the antigen may be used to vaccinate a host against an immunodeficiency virus.
  • the host may be a human or animal but typically it will be wished to vaccinate a human against a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . That virus may be HIV-1 or H V-2.
  • a prophylactic treatment for disease states attributable to infection by an immunodeficiency virus can therefore be provided.
  • the class II antigen may in particular act as an AIDS vaccine.
  • An effective amount of the antigen is administered to a host it is wished to vaccinate.
  • the antigen in whichever form, can be given parenterally, for example subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.
  • the amount of antigen per dose depends on a variety of factors such as the age and the condition of the subject involved.
  • a parenteral dose typically consists of from 20 ⁇ g to 1 mg of antigen, for example from 50 to 500 ⁇ g of antigen.
  • a number of doses may be given, for example from 2 to 4 doses over a period of up to six months. Each dose may be given one or two months apart.
  • a pharmaceutical composition also comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent can be formulated.
  • the composition is thus sterile and pyrogen-free.
  • the composition may also comprise an adjuvant such as Al(OH) 3 or saponin.
  • compositions for intramuscular or subcutaneous injections may contain together with the antigen a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols e.g. prop lene glycol, and if desired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier e.g. sterile water, olive oil, ethyl oleate, glycols e.g. prop lene glycol, and if desired, a suitable amount of lidocaine hydrochloride.
  • the solutions for intravenous injections or infusions may contain as carrier, for example, sterile water or preferably they may be in the form of sterile aqueous isotonic saline solutions.
  • the MHC class II antigens can be safely used by virtue of their negligible toxicity.
  • the following Examples illustrate the invention.
  • inactivated vaccines were deliberately used (Table 1) .
  • the virus infected C8166 cells (Virology, 129. 51-64, 1983 in which the cells are called C63/CR11-2 cells) or partially purified virus, inactivated either by aldehydes or 0-propiolactone, were given to groups of three or four cynomolgus macaques.
  • Four doses of vaccine were administered with a rest period of at least six months between the third and final doses.
  • Three different adjuvants were used, either Quil-a (a purified saponin) , SAF-1 (Syntex emulsion containing threonyl muramyl di-peptide) or Freund's adjuvant.
  • the breadth of protection induced by SIV vaccines was investigated by vaccinating eight rhesus and eight cynomolgus macaques with formalin inactivated SIV using SAF-1 as adjuvant. Two weeks after the fourth dose of vaccine, four rhesus and four cynomolgus monkeys were challenged with the homologous virus. All eight animals were completely protected against infection. The four remaining rhesus monkeys were challenged with 10MID 50 of SlV ⁇ g ⁇ (kindly supplied by Dr. M. Murphy-Corb) . These animals also resisted infection. The remaining four cynomolgus macaques were challenged with 10MID 50 of HIV-2 SBL6669 (kindly supplied by Drs. P. Putkonen and G.
  • the problem of inducing protection at a mucosal surface was investigated using the intrarectal route of challenge.
  • the standard challenge virus pool of the 32H isolate of SIVmac251 which had been used in all the previous intravenous challenges, was first titrated in rhesus macaques using the intrarectal route. One thousand times more viruses was required to infect monkeys by this route, but the subsequent course of infection was essentially indistinguishable from that following intravenous inoculation.
  • Four rhesus macaques were then vaccinated subcutaneously with formalin-inactivated SIV using SAF-1 as adjuvant. Two weeks after the fifth dose of vaccine the animals were challenged intrarectally with 10MID 50 based on the intrarectal titration.
  • a cell associated challenge virus stock was prepared from the spleen of a cynomolgus macaque J82 which had been infected with the 32H isolate of SIVmac251 ten weeks previously. Aliquots of the cells were cryopreserved and then titrated in vitro by co-cultivation with C8166 cells (Table 2) . The infectivity titres of the cells and their supernatant fluid were log 10 4.5 and 2.5 respectively. Thus 99% of the infectivity was cell-associated and one ID 50 was equivalent to 72 viable cells. Subsequent titration of the spleen cells in vivo in monkeys gave an end-point of log 10 3.0 with one ID 50 being equivalent to 2,300 cells.
  • the specific compounds within the inactivated vaccine which were responsible for the protection were next sought by immunization with a variety of recombinant proteins derived from SIV genes.
  • Groups of four monkeys were immunised either with p27 expressed on yeast virus-like particles and combined with aluminium hydroxide, or with purified gpl60 derived from a recombinant vaccinia virus, or gpl30 expressed in CHO cells, or gpl40 expressed by baculovirus.
  • Each of the envelope proteins was administered with the Syntex adjuvant formulation.
  • Vaccines were given in four doses and the animals were challenged with 10MID 50 of SIV two weeks after the final dose, together with groups of four unvaccinated control animals.
  • the immune responses which correlated with protection were analysed by measuring antibody titres in sera taken on the day of challenge from 55 vaccinated macaques used in these studies. Forty three animals had received inactivated vaccines and 12 a recombinant envelope protein (Table 4) .
  • Neutralising antibodies were measured against SIVmac251 grown as a persistent infection in HUT-78 cells.
  • the mean titre of neutralizing antibody in the group of 32 macaques which received inactivated vaccine and were protected was log 10 2.0 ⁇ 0.5.
  • the same mean value was found in the group of 11 animals which were unprotected.
  • the 11 animals vaccinated with recombinant envelope proteins and unprotected had a higher mean titre of log 10 2.9 ⁇ 0.5.
  • Titration of these sera against recombinant envelope gpl40 by ELISA also failed to show any correlation with protection.
  • the two protected animals were given another dose of C8166 cells at 30 weeks. Two weeks later they, and four naive controls, were challenged with 10 MID 50 of an antigenically distinct virus, SIVsm3 which had been grown in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from at least two donors. The controls were all infected but the two vaccinates remained protected. Finally, the protected animals were vaccinated again at 44 weeks and challenged, together with four controls, with 10 MID 50 of SIVmac251 grown in simian PBMC. All the animals became infected.
  • PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • Example 3 The major antigens present on the surface of allogeneic or xenogeneic T cells are the major histocompatibiiity antigens (MHC) class I and class II. To determine if these were responsible for the protection observed groups of four cynomolgus macaques were immunised with either a) normal mouse fibroblasts (L cells) , b) L cells (8024 line) transfected with the human genes for MHC class I (HLA B7 + ⁇ z microglobulin) or c) L cells (8115 line) transfected with the human genes for MHC class II (HLA-DR4) . By fluorescent antibody staining, over 90% of 8024 and 8115 cells were expressing class I or class II antigen respectively.
  • MHC histocompatibiiity antigens
  • the cells were gently fixed in 0.075% glutaraldehyde and combined with lO ⁇ g of Quil A as adjuvant (Table 7) .
  • Animals were given 2 x 10 6 cells subcutaneously on four occasions at 0,4,8 and 16 weeks. Two weeks after the last dose, all twelve animals were challenged intravenously with 10 MID 50 of SIVmac32H grown in C8166 cells. All the animals in groups a) and b) became infected but only two of four given cells expressing class II.
  • a formalin-inactivated whole simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine confers protection in macaques.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
EP93902402A 1992-01-17 1993-01-18 Ein "Major Histocompatibility Complex" Klasse II Antigen in eine Impfstoff gegen ein Immundefizienzvirus Withdrawn EP0623147A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929201023A GB9201023D0 (en) 1992-01-17 1992-01-17 Vaccines
GB9201023 1992-01-17
PCT/GB1993/000102 WO1993014126A1 (en) 1992-01-17 1993-01-18 A major histocompatibility complex class ii antigen in a vaccine against an immunodeficiency virus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0623147A1 true EP0623147A1 (de) 1994-11-09

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Family Applications (1)

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EP93902402A Withdrawn EP0623147A1 (de) 1992-01-17 1993-01-18 Ein "Major Histocompatibility Complex" Klasse II Antigen in eine Impfstoff gegen ein Immundefizienzvirus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0623147A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07505613A (de)
AU (1) AU3359693A (de)
CA (1) CA2128211A1 (de)
GB (1) GB9201023D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1993014126A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1274592B (it) * 1994-08-05 1997-07-18 Angela Turiano Composizione farmaceutica per la terapia tumorale contenente xenoantigeni
US6168787B1 (en) 1995-04-24 2001-01-02 John Wayne Cancer Institute Pluripotent vaccine against enveloped viruses
FR2735984B1 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-09-19 Inst Nat Sante Rech Med Vaccin contre des agents infectieux ayant une phase intracellulaire, composition pour le traitement et la prevention des infections a hiv, anticorps et procede de diagnostic
JP2000509022A (ja) * 1996-04-03 2000-07-18 アナージェン，インコーポレイテッド 糖尿病の処置および予防のための環状ペプチドワクチン

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2591227B1 (fr) * 1985-12-06 1988-11-10 Pasteur Institut Peptides capables d'inhiber les interactions entre les virus lav et les lymphocytes t4, produits qui en sont derives et leurs applications

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9314126A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH07505613A (ja) 1995-06-22
WO1993014126A1 (en) 1993-07-22
AU3359693A (en) 1993-08-03
GB9201023D0 (en) 1992-03-11
CA2128211A1 (en) 1993-07-22

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