EP0621619B1 - Automatic cut-out - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0621619B1
EP0621619B1 EP94104696A EP94104696A EP0621619B1 EP 0621619 B1 EP0621619 B1 EP 0621619B1 EP 94104696 A EP94104696 A EP 94104696A EP 94104696 A EP94104696 A EP 94104696A EP 0621619 B1 EP0621619 B1 EP 0621619B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plunger
circuit breaker
breaker according
arm
disk
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94104696A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0621619A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Flohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
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Application filed by Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Heinrich Kopp GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0621619A1 publication Critical patent/EP0621619A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0621619B1 publication Critical patent/EP0621619B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/526—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever the lever forming a toggle linkage with a second lever, the free end of which is directly and releasably engageable with a contact structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H2071/407—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms the thermal element being heated by the coil of the electromagnetic mechanism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker for protecting lines against thermal overload and short circuit.
  • circuit breakers usually have terminals, a contact and extinguishing system and a switch which can be released electromagnetically and thermoelectrically to open movable contacts in the overloaded case.
  • a contact and extinguishing system and a switch which can be released electromagnetically and thermoelectrically to open movable contacts in the overloaded case.
  • EP 0 144 799 discloses a compact switch lock design for this purpose, it provides a system for the area of thermal and magnetic tripping which needs to be improved with regard to the simplification of its functional design and its manufacturability with regard to highly mechanized production in large quantities. This applies in particular to the number of individual parts and the number of welding points required in the course of the cable routing.
  • miniature circuit breakers must have a high short-circuit breaking capacity, which experience has shown that conventional bimetal triggers are extremely stressful and reduce the service life.
  • miniature circuit breakers which are required in large numbers in each small distribution, must themselves have low self-consumption.
  • an overcurrent release for electrical protective switching devices which combines the protective function of short-circuit protection and protection against thermal stress in one unit, the thermal release of which is not current-carrying and whose power requirement (power loss) remains considerably below the known arrangements.
  • This previously known overcurrent release works with a thermal release by means of a bimetallic snap disk, which is held in a rotationally symmetrical support body that conducts heat well.
  • this document does not disclose a link between this overcurrent release and a switch lock and an arc-quenching plate package. for high switching capacities.
  • the invention has for its object to make a miniature circuit breaker with high short-circuit breaking capacity and long service life available, which can be manufactured in large quantities in a highly mechanized manner due to its simplified functional structure.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is advantageously designed with a high-performance arc quenching package and a switch lock, which can be released electromagnetically and thermoelectrically by means of a bimetallic snap element in order to open a contact device in the event of an overload, the bimetallic snap element being held in a heat-conducting support body which is also an electromagnetic one Exciter coil receives with a plunger, and wherein the plunger can be disengaged by the bimetallic snap element and / or electromagnetically, the functional link between the overload release and the opening of a movable contact of the contact device being effected in that the switching mechanism is rotatably mounted on a first arm of a first arm two-armed lever can be unlatched when the plunger is disengaged, the movable contact being able to be opened by the second arm of the lever and a baffle on the second arm for driving an L Arc column is formed during the shutdown in the direction of the quenching package to move the arc base to the quenching package.
  • a two-armed lever is accordingly provided in the invention, which combines several functions. It is used to transfer the release force to the kinematics to unlock the key switch, then as a striking lever Transmission of the impact energy to the movable contact of the contact device and ultimately in its capacity as a baffle for driving the plasma column.
  • the two-armed lever is rotatably mounted on the overcurrent release, in particular on the support body thereof, preferably on a bearing axis by means of which the support body can be fastened is. This also has manufacturing advantages.
  • the lever consists of an insulating material which emits gas under the action of an arc, preferably of plexiglass. This takes advantage of the favorable effect that gas is released under pressure under the influence of an arc in the millisecond range and quickly pushes the arc away to form a high-performance quenching package, in addition to enhancing the effect of the baffle provided.
  • a fixed tappet guide core and a displaceable tappet actuating anchor are arranged in the highly heat-conducting, preferably rotationally symmetrical support body in order to be able to carry out a tappet movement both through the bimetal snap element and under the action of the tappet actuation anchor.
  • the bimetallic snap element can be designed in any suitable and required form to adapt to the respective circumstances. With regard to size and mode of operation it is particularly favorable if the bimetallic snap element is designed as a disk with a central through-hole for the tappets, the tappet being shaped in the area of the disk as a result of the attack on the disk.
  • the snap disk itself is advantageously arranged in a bimetallic chamber centrally in front of the tappet guide core and bears against it with its convex side.
  • the design can also be such that the tappet actuation anchor is arranged axially between the tappet guide core and the snap disk held in a bimetallic chamber and that the tappet is guided in the tappet actuation anchor. This results in different constructive implementation options with which the respective spatial and functional requirements of the circuit breaker can be effectively and reliably taken into account.
  • the bimetal chamber is closed by means of a disk-shaped element made of an electrically insulating material, which has a passage and guide bore for the plunger and is particularly suitable for a rotationally symmetrical support body.
  • a receptacle for a conductor for fixed contact is preferably formed on the disk-shaped element, the conductor being connected to the excitation coil and the arc quenching package.
  • the bimetal chamber and the conductor for fixed contact are arranged on the same side.
  • a preferred embodiment of a circuit breaker 10 which has a narrowly constructed housing 11 made of an insulating plastic and on its rear side, in Fig. 1 and 2 below, suspension mounts 12 and 13 for a conventional mounting rail.
  • the housing 11 has an interior 14 and an upper section 15 with a connecting terminal 16 and a lower section 17 with a connecting terminal 18th
  • the connecting terminal 16 is connected to the movable contact 25 of the contact device 21 via a movable strand 24.
  • the complementary fixed contact 26 of the contact device 21 is formed as a section of an approximately 1.2 mm thick solid conductor 27 which extends from the overcurrent release 22 via the fixed contact 26 and a horn section 28 to the high-performance arc extinguishing package 23.
  • An arc-shaped arc guide plate 30 extends between an angled section 29 of the connecting terminal 16, to which the strand 24 is also fastened, and a rear region near the quenching package 23.
  • connection terminal 18 is connected to the overcurrent release 22 via a welding contact point 31.
  • the overcurrent release 22 has a rotationally symmetrical one that is a good heat conductor hollow cylindrical support body 32 with a portion on which a coil 33 is wound in tight contact.
  • One end of the coil 33 is connected to the connecting terminal 18 via the soldering point 31.
  • the other end of the coil 33 is guided to a soldering point 34 which is connected to the conductor 27 via a holding plate 35 in the front region of the support body 32.
  • the holding plate 35 is used to fasten the support body 32 in the interior 14 of the housing 11 by means of an axis 36, which simultaneously functions as an axis of rotation for a two-armed lever 37.
  • the two-armed lever 37 has a first arm 38 with a unlatching nose 39, a molded-in position section 40, which is overlapped by the holding plate 35, and a second arm 41, which is designed to strike a plunger 42 of the overcurrent release 22 within the position section 40.
  • the second arm 41 has a molded-on baffle 43 on its rear side (in FIGS. 1 and 2 on its underside) and a lug 44 through which the movable contact 25 can be opened, which is located on a first arm 45 of a two-armed contact lever 46 is located.
  • a movable plunger loading anchor 47 is arranged, which is biased by a spring 48, which is guided by the plunger 42, against a plunger guide core 49.
  • the tappet guide core 49 has a central bore 50 in which the tappet 42 is guided.
  • the tappet guide core 49 like the tappet actuating anchor 47, is constructed to be rotationally symmetrical.
  • the plunger guide core 49 is fastened in the hollow cylindrical interior of the support body 32.
  • a bimetal chamber 51 In front of the tappet guide core 49, ie to the left of this in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bimetal chamber 51 is formed, in which a bimetal snap disk 52 is formed by means of a disk-shaped one Element 53 is held in an enlarged portion of the support body 32.
  • the bimetallic disk 52 has a central bore, which only slightly exceeds the diameter of the plunger 42, in order to be able to act on a disk-shaped projection 54 of the plunger 42 for a thermally induced release or disengagement of the plunger 42.
  • the disc element 53 also has a passage opening 55 for the plunger 42, which protrudes up to its stop on the two-armed lever 37 in its molded-in position section 40.
  • the conductor 27 is fastened in a receptacle 56 of the disk-shaped element 53 and is conductively connected to the other end of the coil, the conductor 27 having a straight arc guide rail section 57 after the horn section 28, which extends parallel to the front side of the quenching package 23.
  • the unlatching lug 39 of the two-armed lever 37 is provided for engagement on an angled release lever 58, which forms a functional component of the switching lock 19.
  • the trigger lever 58 is mounted on an axle 59 fixed to the housing, which also forms the axis of rotation for the switching knob 20.
  • the switching lock 19 also includes the two-armed contact lever 46 with an elongated hole 61, which extends approximately transversely to the contact lever 46 and through which a housing-fixed axis 63 engages to guide the contact lever 46.
  • the contact lever 46 is biased in a clockwise direction on the housing 11 via a spring 67 and is connected in an articulated manner to an intermediate lever 69.
  • the nose-shaped free end 73 of the intermediate lever 69 engages in a latching manner with a stop 70 of the release lever 58 and has an elongated hole 74.
  • a bracket 75 engages with one end in the elongated hole 74 and with its other end in a bore 76 which is formed in a projection 77 of the switching knob 20 is formed.
  • the plunger 42 becomes electromagnetic or by means of the bimetal disk 52 from the position shown in FIG. 1 disengaged due to their snapping and hits the second arm 41 of the two-armed lever 37. This causes the movable contact 25 of the contact device 21 to be opened by means of the nose 44, which strikes the first arm 45 of the contact lever 46.
  • the material of the two-armed lever 37 which consists of an insulating material which emits gas under the action of an arc, gas is released intermittently, in particular from plexiglass. This advantageously presses the resulting arc to the quenching package 23, the baffle 43 of the lever 37 guiding the arc in the intended direction when it strikes.
  • the unlatching lug 39 of the two-armed lever 37 engages the release lever 58, as a result of which the latch is released with the intermediate lever 69 and the contact lever 45 is rotated clockwise under the pressure of the spring 67.
  • the bracket 75 is moved to the right via the intermediate lever 69 with the result that the switching knob 20 rotates counterclockwise into the switched-off position and the movable contact lever 46 is held in the open position.
  • the switching mechanism 19 thus reliably keeps the contact device 21 open.

Abstract

A line protection circuit breaker is provided with a high-power arc splitter stack (23) and a latching mechanism (19) which can be unlatched electromagnetically and thermoelectrically by means of a bimetallic snap-action disc (52) in the event of an overload in order to open a contact device (21). The bimetallic snap-action disc (52) is held in a supporting body (32) which conducts heat well and at the same time accommodates an electromagnetic field coil (33) having a plunger (42). The plunger (42) can be released electromagnetically and/or by the bimetallic snap-action disc (52) in order to release in the event of an overload, the moving contact (21) remaining open as a result of the latching mechanism (19) unlatching. The latching mechanism (19) can be unlatched, when the plunger (42) is released, via a first arm of a two-armed lever (37) which is mounted on the supporting body (42) such that it can rotate and consists of plexiglass, it being possible for the second arm (41) of the lever (37) to strike the contact device (21), and a baffle (43) for the drive of a plasma column or arc column, which is produced when the contact device (21) is struck, being formed on the second arm, in the direction of the arc splitter stack (23). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Leitungsschutzschalter zum Schutz von Leitungen gegen thermische Überlastung und Kurzschluß.The invention relates to a circuit breaker for protecting lines against thermal overload and short circuit.

Derartige Leitungsschutzschalter weisen üblicherweise Anschlußklemmen, ein Kontakt- und Löschsystem sowie ein Schaltschloß auf, das zur Öffnung von beweglichen Kontakten im überlasteten Fall elektromagnetisch und thermoelektrisch entklinkbar ist. Dabei kommt es, wie beispielsweise in der EP 0 144 799 erwähnt, darauf an, bei kleiner Baugröße eine hohe Schaltleistung zu realisieren, für die andererseits ein möglichst großes Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket erforderlich ist.Such circuit breakers usually have terminals, a contact and extinguishing system and a switch which can be released electromagnetically and thermoelectrically to open movable contacts in the overloaded case. Here, as mentioned for example in EP 0 144 799, it is important to realize a high switching capacity with a small size, for which, on the other hand, the largest possible arc quenching plate package is required.

Die EP 0 144 799 offenbart hierfür zwar eine kompakte Schaltschloßkonzeption, sieht jedoch für den Bereich der thermischen und magnetischen Auslösung ein System vor, das hinsichtlich der Vereinfachung seiner funktionellen Konzeption und seiner Herstellbarkeit im Hinblick auf eine hochmechanisierte Herstellung in großen Stückzahlen verbesserungsbedürftig ist. Dies gilt insbesondere hinsichtlich der Anzahl der Einzelteile und der Zahl der erforderlichen Schweißstellen im Zuge der Leitungsführung.Although EP 0 144 799 discloses a compact switch lock design for this purpose, it provides a system for the area of thermal and magnetic tripping which needs to be improved with regard to the simplification of its functional design and its manufacturability with regard to highly mechanized production in large quantities. This applies in particular to the number of individual parts and the number of welding points required in the course of the cable routing.

Außerdem müssen Leitungsschutzschalter ein hohes Kurzschlußabschaltvermögen besitzen, was erfahrungsgemäß konventionelle Bimetallauslöser stark beansprucht und die Standzeit verringert. Hinzukommt, daß derartige Leitungsschutzschalter, die in großer Anzahl in jeder Kleinverteilung benötigt werden, selbst einen geringen Eigenverbrauch aufweisen müssen.In addition, miniature circuit breakers must have a high short-circuit breaking capacity, which experience has shown that conventional bimetal triggers are extremely stressful and reduce the service life. In addition, such miniature circuit breakers, which are required in large numbers in each small distribution, must themselves have low self-consumption.

Schließlich besteht auch noch ein Bedürfnis nach weiterer baulicher Minimierung und kinematischer Vereinfachung, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine räumliche Trennung wichtiger Funktionsgruppen einerseits und der Möglichkeit einer insgesamt erzielbaren kleineren Gesamtbaugröße des Leitungsschutzschalters bzw. einer Schaltleistungsvergrößerung unter Beibehaltung der üblichen Baugröße andererseits.Finally, there is also a need for further structural minimization and kinematic simplification, in particular with regard to the spatial separation of important functional groups on the one hand and the possibility of an overall achievable smaller overall size of the circuit breaker or an increase in switching capacity while maintaining the usual size on the other.

Aus der DE 36 37 275 ist ein Überstromauslöser für elektrische Schutzschaltgeräte bekannt, der die Schutzfunktion Kurzschlußschutz und Schutz gegen thermische Belastung in einer Baueinheit vereinigt, dessen thermischer Auslöser nicht stromdurchflossen ist und dessen Leistungsbedarf (Verlustleistung) erheblich unter dem bekannter Anordnungen bleibt. Dieser vorbekannte Überstromauslöser arbeitet mit einer thermischen Auslösung durch eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe, die in einem gut wärmeleitenden rotationssymmetrischen Tragkörper gehaltert ist. Nicht offenbart ist in dieser Druckschrift jedoch eine Verknüpfung dieses Überstromauslösers mit einem Schaltschloß und einem Lichtbogenlöschblechpaket, für hohe Schaltleistungen.From DE 36 37 275 an overcurrent release for electrical protective switching devices is known, which combines the protective function of short-circuit protection and protection against thermal stress in one unit, the thermal release of which is not current-carrying and whose power requirement (power loss) remains considerably below the known arrangements. This previously known overcurrent release works with a thermal release by means of a bimetallic snap disk, which is held in a rotationally symmetrical support body that conducts heat well. However, this document does not disclose a link between this overcurrent release and a switch lock and an arc-quenching plate package. for high switching capacities.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Leitungsschutzschalter mit hohem Kurzschlußabschaltvermögen und langer Standzeit verfügbar zu machen, der aufgrund seines vereinfachten funktionellen Aufbaus in großen Stückzahlen hochmechanisiert herstellbar ist.The invention has for its object to make a miniature circuit breaker with high short-circuit breaking capacity and long service life available, which can be manufactured in large quantities in a highly mechanized manner due to its simplified functional structure.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Leitungsschutzschalter mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen, die die Erfindung vorteilhaft weiterbilden, sind den nachgeordneten Patentansprüchen zu entnehmen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a circuit breaker with the features of claim 1. Preferred configurations which advantageously further develop the invention can be found in the subordinate claims.

Vorteilhaft ist der erfindungsgemäße Leitungsschutzschalter mit einem Hochleistungs-Lichtbogenlöschpaket und einem Schaltschloß ausgebildet, das zur Öffnung einer Kontakteinrichtung im Überlastfall elektromagnetisch und thermoelektrisch mittels eines Bimetall-Schnappelements entklinkbar ist, wobei das Bimetall-Schnappelement in einem gut wärmeleitenden Tragkörper gehaltert ist, der zugleich eine elektromagnetische Erregerspule mit einem Stößel aufnimmt, und wobei der Stößel durch das Bimetall-Schnappelement und/oder elektromagnetisch ausrückbar ist, wobei die funktionelle Verknüpfung zwischen der Überlastauslösung und der Öffnung eines beweglichen Kontaktes der Kontakteinrichtung dadurch erfolgt, daß das Schaltschloß über einen ersten Arm eines drehbar gelagerten zweiarmigen Hebels bei Ausrücken des Stößels entklinkbar ist, wobei durch den zweiten Arm des Hebels der bewegliche Kontakt aufschlagbar ist und an dem zweiten Arm eine Prallwand für den Antrieb einer Lichtbogensäule bei der Abschaltung in Richtung auf das Löschpaket ausgebildet ist, um den Lichtbogenfußpunkt zu dem Löschpaket zu bewegen.The circuit breaker according to the invention is advantageously designed with a high-performance arc quenching package and a switch lock, which can be released electromagnetically and thermoelectrically by means of a bimetallic snap element in order to open a contact device in the event of an overload, the bimetallic snap element being held in a heat-conducting support body which is also an electromagnetic one Exciter coil receives with a plunger, and wherein the plunger can be disengaged by the bimetallic snap element and / or electromagnetically, the functional link between the overload release and the opening of a movable contact of the contact device being effected in that the switching mechanism is rotatably mounted on a first arm of a first arm two-armed lever can be unlatched when the plunger is disengaged, the movable contact being able to be opened by the second arm of the lever and a baffle on the second arm for driving an L Arc column is formed during the shutdown in the direction of the quenching package to move the arc base to the quenching package.

In günstiger Weise ist bei der Erfindung demgemäß ein zweiarmiger Hebel vorgesehen, der in sich mehrere Funktionen vereinigt. Er dient zunächst zur Übertragung der Auslösekraft auf die Kinematik zur Entklinkung des Schaltschlosses, dann als Schlaghebel zur Übertragung der Schlagenergie auf den beweglichen Kontakt der Kontakteinrichtung und letztlich in seiner Eigenschaft als Prallwand zum Antrieb der Plasmasäule.In a favorable manner, a two-armed lever is accordingly provided in the invention, which combines several functions. It is used to transfer the release force to the kinematics to unlock the key switch, then as a striking lever Transmission of the impact energy to the movable contact of the contact device and ultimately in its capacity as a baffle for driving the plasma column.

Im Hinblick auf eine vereinfachte Ausgestaltung und einer konstruktiven Funktionsoptimierung bei kompaktem Aufbau ist es gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorteilhaft, wenn der zweiarmige Hebel an dem Überstromauslöser, insbesondere an dem Tragkörper desselben drehbar, vorzugsweise an einer Lagerachse gelagert ist, mittels der der Tragkörper befestigbar ist. Dies hat auch herstellungstechnische Vorteile.With a view to a simplified design and a functional optimization with a compact structure, it is advantageous according to a preferred embodiment of the invention if the two-armed lever is rotatably mounted on the overcurrent release, in particular on the support body thereof, preferably on a bearing axis by means of which the support body can be fastened is. This also has manufacturing advantages.

Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin hinsichtlich der funktionellen und kinematischen Vereinfachung auf engem Raum, wenn die Lagerung des zweiarmigen Hebels an der Seite des Tragkörpers vorgesehen ist, die der Kontakteinrichtung zugewandt ist.It is also advantageous with regard to the functional and kinematic simplification in a small space if the bearing of the two-armed lever is provided on the side of the support body which faces the contact device.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht der Hebel aus einem isolierenden Werkstoff, der unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung Gas abgibt, vorzugsweise aus Plexiglas. Hierbei wird der günstige Effekt ausgenutzt, daß unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung im Millisekundenbereich Gas unter Druck freigesetzt wird und den Lichtbogen in ergänzender Verstärkung der Wirkung der vorgesehenen Prallwand schnell zur Hochleistungs-Löschpaket wegdrückt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the lever consists of an insulating material which emits gas under the action of an arc, preferably of plexiglass. This takes advantage of the favorable effect that gas is released under pressure under the influence of an arc in the millisecond range and quickly pushes the arc away to form a high-performance quenching package, in addition to enhancing the effect of the baffle provided.

Nach einer bevorzugten weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind in dem gut wärmeleitenden, vorzugsweise rotationssymmetrischen Tragkörper ein fester Stößelführungskern und ein verschiebbarer Stößelbetätigungsanker angeordnet um eine Stößelbewegung sowohl durch das Bimetall-Schnappelement als auch unter Einwirkung des Stößelbetätigungsankers vornehmen zu können.According to a preferred further embodiment of the invention, a fixed tappet guide core and a displaceable tappet actuating anchor are arranged in the highly heat-conducting, preferably rotationally symmetrical support body in order to be able to carry out a tappet movement both through the bimetal snap element and under the action of the tappet actuation anchor.

Das Bimetall-Schnappelement kann in jeder geeigneten und benötigten Form zur Anpassung an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten ausgestaltet sein. Hinsichtlich Baugröße und Wirkungsweise ist es besonders günstig, wenn das Bimetall-Schnappelement als Scheibe mit einer zentralen Durchtrittsbohrung für die Stößel ausgebildet ist, wobei der Stößel im Bereich der Scheibe eine Scheibenangriffsanformung aufweist. Die Schnappscheibe selbst ist günstigerweise in einer Bimetall-Kammer zentrisch vor dem Stößelführungskern angeordnet und liegt mit ihrer konvexen Seite an diesem an. Alternativ kann die Ausbildung jedoch auch so getroffen sein, daß der Stößelbetätigungsanker axial zwischen dem Stößelführungskern und der in einer Bimetall-Kammer gehaltenen Schnappscheibe angeordnet ist und daß der Stößel in dem Stößelbetätigungsanker geführt ist. Hierdurch ergeben sich unterschiedliche konstruktive Realisierungsmöglichkeiten, mit denen an den jeweiligen räumlichen und funktionellen Anforderungen des Leitungsschutzschalters wirksam und zuverlässig Rechnung getragen werden kann.The bimetallic snap element can be designed in any suitable and required form to adapt to the respective circumstances. With regard to size and mode of operation it is particularly favorable if the bimetallic snap element is designed as a disk with a central through-hole for the tappets, the tappet being shaped in the area of the disk as a result of the attack on the disk. The snap disk itself is advantageously arranged in a bimetallic chamber centrally in front of the tappet guide core and bears against it with its convex side. Alternatively, however, the design can also be such that the tappet actuation anchor is arranged axially between the tappet guide core and the snap disk held in a bimetallic chamber and that the tappet is guided in the tappet actuation anchor. This results in different constructive implementation options with which the respective spatial and functional requirements of the circuit breaker can be effectively and reliably taken into account.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Bimetall-Kammer mittels eines scheibenförmigen Elements aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material geschlossen, das eine Durchtritts- und Führungsbohrung für den Stößel aufweist und insbesondere für einen rotationssymmetrischen Tragkörper geeignet ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bimetal chamber is closed by means of a disk-shaped element made of an electrically insulating material, which has a passage and guide bore for the plunger and is particularly suitable for a rotationally symmetrical support body.

Bevorzugt ist weiterhin an dem scheibenförmigen Element eine Aufnahme für einen Leiter zum festen Kontakt gebildet, wobei der Leiter mit der Erregerspule und dem Lichtbogenlöschpaket in Verbindung steht. Außerdem ist es hinsichtlich der Herstellung und Montage günstig, wenn die Bimetall-Kammer und der Leiter zum festen Kontakt an der selben Seite angeordnet sind.Furthermore, a receptacle for a conductor for fixed contact is preferably formed on the disk-shaped element, the conductor being connected to the excitation coil and the arc quenching package. In addition, it is advantageous in terms of manufacture and assembly if the bimetal chamber and the conductor for fixed contact are arranged on the same side.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind dem anschließenden Beschreibungsteil zu entnehmen, in dem ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert wird. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematisierten Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Leitungsschutzschalters im unausgelösten Zustand; und
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 1 in einem magnetischen Auslösezustand.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description, in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through an embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the untripped state; and
Fig. 2
a view of FIG. 1 in a magnetic release state.

In Fig. 1 ist eine bevorzugte Ausbildungsform eines Leitungsschutzschalters 10 dargestellt, der ein in Schmalbauweise herstelltes Gehäuse 11 aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff aufweist und an seiner Hinterseite, in Fig. 1 und 2 unten, Einhängeaufnahmen 12 und 13 für eine übliche Montageschiene aufweist. Das Gehäuse 11 besitzt einen Innenraum 14 und einen oberen Abschnitt 15 mit einer Anschlußklemme 16 sowie einen unteren Abschnitt 17 mit einer Anschlußklemme 18.In Fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of a circuit breaker 10 is shown, which has a narrowly constructed housing 11 made of an insulating plastic and on its rear side, in Fig. 1 and 2 below, suspension mounts 12 and 13 for a conventional mounting rail. The housing 11 has an interior 14 and an upper section 15 with a connecting terminal 16 and a lower section 17 with a connecting terminal 18th

In dem Innenraum 14 sind ein Schaltschloß 19 mit einem aus dem Gehäuse 11 ragenden beweglichen Schaltknebel 20 und einer Kontakteinrichtung 21, ein Überstromauslöser 22 und ein Hochleistungs-Lichtbogenlöschpaket 23 befestigt.In the interior 14, a switch lock 19 with a movable switching knob 20 protruding from the housing 11 and a contact device 21, an overcurrent release 22 and a high-performance arc quenching package 23 are fastened.

Die Anschlußklemme 16 steht über eine bewegliche Litze 24 mit dem bewegbaren Kontakt 25 der Kontakteinrichtung 21 in Verbindung. Der komplementäre feste Kontakt 26 der Kontakteinrichtung 21 ist als Abschnitt eines etwa 1,2 mm dicken massiven Leiters 27 ausgebildet, der sich von dem Überstromauslöser 22 über den festen Kontakt 26 und einem Hornabschnitt 28 zu dem Hochleistungs-Lichtbogenlöschpaket 23 erstreckt. Zwischen einem abgewinkeltem Abschnitt 29 der Anschlußklemme 16, an dem auch die Litze 24 befestigt ist, und einem nahe dem Löschpaket 23 liegenden hinteren Bereich erstreckt sich ein bogenförmiges Lichtbogenleitblech 30.The connecting terminal 16 is connected to the movable contact 25 of the contact device 21 via a movable strand 24. The complementary fixed contact 26 of the contact device 21 is formed as a section of an approximately 1.2 mm thick solid conductor 27 which extends from the overcurrent release 22 via the fixed contact 26 and a horn section 28 to the high-performance arc extinguishing package 23. An arc-shaped arc guide plate 30 extends between an angled section 29 of the connecting terminal 16, to which the strand 24 is also fastened, and a rear region near the quenching package 23.

Die Anschlußklemme 18 ist über eine Schweißkontaktstelle 31 mit dem Überstromauslöser 22 verbunden. Genauer gesagt, besitzt der Überstromauslöser 22 einen gut wärmeleitenden rotationssymmetrischen hohlzylindrischen Tragkörper 32 mit einem Abschnitt, auf dem eine Spule 33 in dichtem Kontakt aufgewickelt ist. Die Spule 33 steht mit ihrem einen Ende über die Lötstelle 31 mit der Anschlußklemme 18 in Verbindung. Das andere Ende der Spule 33 ist zu einer Lötstelle 34 geführt, die über ein Halteblech 35 im vorderen Bereich des Tragkörpers 32 mit dem Leiter 27 verbunden ist. Das Halteblech 35 dient zur Befestigung des Tragkörpers 32 in dem Innenraum 14 des Gehäuses 11 mittels einer Achse 36, die gleichzeitig als Drehachse für einen zweiarmigen Hebel 37 fungiert.The connection terminal 18 is connected to the overcurrent release 22 via a welding contact point 31. To be more precise, the overcurrent release 22 has a rotationally symmetrical one that is a good heat conductor hollow cylindrical support body 32 with a portion on which a coil 33 is wound in tight contact. One end of the coil 33 is connected to the connecting terminal 18 via the soldering point 31. The other end of the coil 33 is guided to a soldering point 34 which is connected to the conductor 27 via a holding plate 35 in the front region of the support body 32. The holding plate 35 is used to fasten the support body 32 in the interior 14 of the housing 11 by means of an axis 36, which simultaneously functions as an axis of rotation for a two-armed lever 37.

Der zweiarmige Hebel 37 besitzt einen ersten Arm 38 mit einer Entklinkungsnase 39, einen eingeformten Lageabschnitt 40, der von dem Halteblech 35 übergriffen, wird und einen zweiten Arm 41, der für den Aufschlag eines Stößels 42 des Überstromauslösers 22 innerhalb des Lageabschnitts 40 ausgebildet ist. Außerdem weist der zweite Arm 41 eine an seiner Rückseite (in Fig. 1 und 2 an seiner Unterseite) eine angeformte Prallwand 43 sowie eine Nase 44 auf, durch die der bewegliche Kontakt 25 aufschlagbar ist, der sich an einem ersten Arm 45 eines zweiarmigen Kontakthebels 46 befindet.The two-armed lever 37 has a first arm 38 with a unlatching nose 39, a molded-in position section 40, which is overlapped by the holding plate 35, and a second arm 41, which is designed to strike a plunger 42 of the overcurrent release 22 within the position section 40. In addition, the second arm 41 has a molded-on baffle 43 on its rear side (in FIGS. 1 and 2 on its underside) and a lug 44 through which the movable contact 25 can be opened, which is located on a first arm 45 of a two-armed contact lever 46 is located.

In dem Tragkörper 32 des Überstromauslösers 22 ist ein beweglicher Stößelbeaufschlagungsanker 47 angeordnet, der über eine Feder 48, die von dem Stößel 42 geführt wird, gegenüber einem Stößelführungskern 49 vorgespannt ist. Der Stößelführungskern 49 besitzt eine zentrische Bohrung 50, in der der Stößel 42 geführt ist. Der Stößelführungskern 49 ist ebenso wie der Stößelbetätigungsanker 47 rotationssymmetrisch aufgebaut. Im Gegensatz zu dem beweglichen Stößelbeaufschlagungsanker 47 ist der Stößelführungskern 49 im hohlen zylindrischen Innenraum des Tragkörpers 32 befestigt.In the support body 32 of the overcurrent release 22, a movable plunger loading anchor 47 is arranged, which is biased by a spring 48, which is guided by the plunger 42, against a plunger guide core 49. The tappet guide core 49 has a central bore 50 in which the tappet 42 is guided. The tappet guide core 49, like the tappet actuating anchor 47, is constructed to be rotationally symmetrical. In contrast to the movable plunger loading anchor 47, the plunger guide core 49 is fastened in the hollow cylindrical interior of the support body 32.

Vor dem Stößelführungskern 49, d. h. in Fig. 1 und 2 links von diesem, ist eine Bimetall-Kammer 51 gebildet, in der eine Bimetall-Schnappscheibe 52 mittels eines scheibenförmigen Elements 53 in einen erweiterten Abschnitt des Tragkörpers 32 gehaltert ist. Die Bimetall-Scheibe 52 besitzt eine zentrale Bohrung, die nur geringfügig den Durchmesser des Stößels 42 übersteigt, um eine Scheibenangriffsanformung 54 des Stößels 42 für eine thermisch hervorgerufene Auslösung bzw. ein Ausrücken des Stößels 42 beaufschlagen zu können. Das Scheibenelement 53 besitzt weiterhin eine Durchtrittsöffnung 55 für den Stößel 42, der bis nahe zu seinem Anschlag an dem zweiarmigen Hebel 37 in dessen eingeformten Lageabschnitt 40 vorsteht. Der Leiter 27 ist in einer Aufnahme 56 des scheibenförmigen Elements 53 befestigt und leitend mit dem anderen Spulenende verbunden, wobei der Leiter 27 nach dem Hornabschnitt 28 einen geraden Lichtbogenleitschienenabschnitt 57 aufweist, der sich parallel zu der vorderen Seite des Löschpaketes 23 erstreckt.In front of the tappet guide core 49, ie to the left of this in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bimetal chamber 51 is formed, in which a bimetal snap disk 52 is formed by means of a disk-shaped one Element 53 is held in an enlarged portion of the support body 32. The bimetallic disk 52 has a central bore, which only slightly exceeds the diameter of the plunger 42, in order to be able to act on a disk-shaped projection 54 of the plunger 42 for a thermally induced release or disengagement of the plunger 42. The disc element 53 also has a passage opening 55 for the plunger 42, which protrudes up to its stop on the two-armed lever 37 in its molded-in position section 40. The conductor 27 is fastened in a receptacle 56 of the disk-shaped element 53 and is conductively connected to the other end of the coil, the conductor 27 having a straight arc guide rail section 57 after the horn section 28, which extends parallel to the front side of the quenching package 23.

Die Entklinkungsnase 39 des zweiarmigen Hebels 37 ist für den Eingriff an einem abgewinkelten Auslösehebel 58 vorgesehen, der einen funktionellen Bestandteil des Schaltschlosses 19 bildet. Der Auslösehebel 58 ist an einer gehäusefesten Achse 59 gelagert, die auch die Drehachse für den Schaltknebel 20 bildet.The unlatching lug 39 of the two-armed lever 37 is provided for engagement on an angled release lever 58, which forms a functional component of the switching lock 19. The trigger lever 58 is mounted on an axle 59 fixed to the housing, which also forms the axis of rotation for the switching knob 20.

Zu dem Schaltschloß 19 gehört desweiteren der bereits erwähnte zweiarmige Kontakthebel 46 mit einem Langloch 61, das sich etwa quer zu dem Kontakthebel 46 erstreckt und durch das eine gehäusefeste Achse 63 zur Führung des Kontakthebels 46 greift. Der Kontakthebel 46 stützt sich über eine Feder 67 an dem Gehäuse 11 im Uhrzeigersinn vorgespannt ab und ist gelenkig mit einem Zwischenhebel 69 verbunden. Das nasenförmige freie Ende 73 des Zwischenhebels 69 greift verklinkend an einen Anschlag 70 des Auslösehebels 58 an und besitzt ein Langloch 74. Ein Bügel 75 greift mit einem Ende in das Langloch 74 und mit seinem anderen Ende in eine Bohrung 76, die in einer Anformung 77 des Schaltknebels 20 gebildet ist.The switching lock 19 also includes the two-armed contact lever 46 with an elongated hole 61, which extends approximately transversely to the contact lever 46 and through which a housing-fixed axis 63 engages to guide the contact lever 46. The contact lever 46 is biased in a clockwise direction on the housing 11 via a spring 67 and is connected in an articulated manner to an intermediate lever 69. The nose-shaped free end 73 of the intermediate lever 69 engages in a latching manner with a stop 70 of the release lever 58 and has an elongated hole 74. A bracket 75 engages with one end in the elongated hole 74 and with its other end in a bore 76 which is formed in a projection 77 of the switching knob 20 is formed.

Kommt es nun infolge eines höheren Überstroms zu einer auslösenden Erregung der Spule 33 oder aufgrund länger dauernden geringeren Überstroms durch die wärmeleitende Kontaktierung der auf den Tragkörper 32 gewickelten Spule 33 zu einer Erwärmung des Tragkörpers 32, die sich der Bimetall-Schnappscheibe mitteilt, wird der Stößel 42 aus der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Lage entweder elektromagnetisch oder mittels der Bimetall-Scheibe 52 aufgrund deren Umschnappung ausgerückt und schlägt auf den zweiten Arm 41 des zweiarmigen Hebels 37 auf. Hierdurch erfolgt ein Aufschlagen des bewegbaren Kontaktes 25 der Knontakteinrichtung 21 mittels der Nase 44, die auf den ersten Arm 45 des Kontakthebels 46 trifft. Dabei wird aufgrund der besonderen Wahl des Materials des zweiarmigen Hebels 37, der aus einem isolierenden Werkstoff besteht, welcher unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung Gas abgibt, insbesondere aus Plexiglas, Gas stoßweise freigesetzt. Dieses drückt vorteilhaft den entstehenden Lichtbogen zu dem Löschpaket 23, wobei die Prallwand 43 des Hebels 37 beim Aufschlagen den Lichtbogen in die vorgesehene Richtung leitet.Is there now a triggering excitation of the coil 33 due to a higher overcurrent or due to a longer duration lower overcurrent due to the heat-conducting contacting of the coil 33 wound on the support body 32 to heat the support body 32, which is imparted to the bimetal snap disk, the plunger 42 becomes electromagnetic or by means of the bimetal disk 52 from the position shown in FIG. 1 disengaged due to their snapping and hits the second arm 41 of the two-armed lever 37. This causes the movable contact 25 of the contact device 21 to be opened by means of the nose 44, which strikes the first arm 45 of the contact lever 46. Due to the special choice of the material of the two-armed lever 37, which consists of an insulating material which emits gas under the action of an arc, gas is released intermittently, in particular from plexiglass. This advantageously presses the resulting arc to the quenching package 23, the baffle 43 of the lever 37 guiding the arc in the intended direction when it strikes.

Gleichzeitig greift die Entklinkungsnase 39 des zweiarmigen Hebels 37 an den Auslösehebel 58 an, wodurch die Verklinkung mit dem Zwischenhebel 69 gelöst und der Kontakthebel 45 unter dem Druck der Feder 67 im Uhrzeigersinn verdreht wird. Hierdurch wird über den Zwischenhebel 69 der Bügel 75 mit der Folge nach rechts bewegt, daß sich der Schaltknebel 20 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in Ausschaltstellung verdreht und der bewegliche Kontakthebel 46 in geöffneter Stellung gehalten wird. Das Schaltschloß 19 hält somit die Kontakteinrichtung 21 zuverlässig offen.At the same time, the unlatching lug 39 of the two-armed lever 37 engages the release lever 58, as a result of which the latch is released with the intermediate lever 69 and the contact lever 45 is rotated clockwise under the pressure of the spring 67. As a result, the bracket 75 is moved to the right via the intermediate lever 69 with the result that the switching knob 20 rotates counterclockwise into the switched-off position and the movable contact lever 46 is held in the open position. The switching mechanism 19 thus reliably keeps the contact device 21 open.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Stellung des Leitungsschutzschalters 10 nach elektromagnetischer oder thermoelektrischer Auslösung mit sicher geöffneten Kontakteinrichtung 21.2 shows a position of the circuit breaker 10 after electromagnetic or thermoelectric tripping with the contact device 21 securely open.

Claims (13)

  1. A circuit breaker with a heavy-duty arc extinguishing means (23) and a switch latch (19), which, in case of overload, is electromagnetically and thermoelectrically disengageable for opening contact means (21) by means of a bimetal snap-on element (52), wherein the bimetal snap-on element (52) is held in a carrying element (32) with good heat conducting properties, which simultaneously receives an electromagnetic exciting coil (33) with a plunger (42), and wherein the plunger (42) is electromagnetically shiftable through the bimetal snap-on element (52), wherein the switch latch (19) is disengageable via a first arm (38) of a rotatable two-arm lever (37) upon disengaging the plunger (42), wherein through the second arm (41) of the lever (37) the contact means (21) can be opened, and wherein at the second arm (41) an impact wall (43) is formed for the drive of the plasma or arc stream column being created when opening the contact means (21) in the direction to the extinguishing means (23).
  2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-arm lever (37) at the carrying element (32) is rotatable mounted on a bearing axis (36).
  3. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrying element (32) can be fixed by means of a bearing axis (36), by which simultaneously the two-arm lever (37) is rotatable supported.
  4. The circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the bearing of the two-arm lever (37) is provided at that side of the carrying element (32), which faces towards the contact means (21).
  5. The circuit breaker according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the two-arm lever (37) is made of an insulating material, which, under electric arc effect, emitts gas.
  6. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that the two-arm lever (37) is made of plexiglass.
  7. The circuit breaker according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that in the carrying element (32) a firm plunger guide core (49) and a movable plunger actuating armature (47) are arranged.
  8. The circuit breaker according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the bimetal snap-on element (52) is formed as a disk with a central aperture boring for the plunger (42), wherin the plunger (42) comprises a disk applying projection (54) within the region of the disk.
  9. The circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that the snap-on disk (52) in a bimetal chamber (51) is centrically arranged before the plunger guide core (49) and closely fits to it with its convex side.
  10. The circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that the plunger actuating armature is axially arranged between the plunger guide core and the snap-on disk being which is held in a bimetal chamber and that the plunger is guided in the plunger actuating armature.
  11. The circuit breaker according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the bimetal chamber (51) is closed by means of a disk-shaped element (53) made of an electric insulating material and comprises an aperture and guide boring (55) for the plunger (42).
  12. The circuit breaker according to claim 11, characterized in that at the element (53) a receptacle for a conductor (27) to the firm contact (26) is formed, wherein the conductor (27) is in contact with the exciting coil (33) and the extinguishing means (23).
  13. The circuit breaker according to claim 12, characterized in that the bimetal chamber (51) and the conductor (27) to the firm contact (26) are both arranged at the same side of the carrying element (32).
EP94104696A 1993-04-22 1994-03-24 Automatic cut-out Expired - Lifetime EP0621619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4313207 1993-04-22
DE4313207A DE4313207A1 (en) 1993-04-22 1993-04-22 Miniature circuit breaker

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EP0621619A1 EP0621619A1 (en) 1994-10-26
EP0621619B1 true EP0621619B1 (en) 1996-12-11

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US (1) US5499007A (en)
EP (1) EP0621619B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE146303T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4313207A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2095694T3 (en)
SG (1) SG49274A1 (en)

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DE19914479A1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-05 Kopp Heinrich Ag Thermal tripping device for circuit breakers
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CN104143487B (en) * 2013-07-17 2016-01-20 国家电网公司 Powder gases drive-type circuit breaker ultrahigh speed operating mechanism
CN104134586B (en) * 2013-07-17 2017-01-18 国家电网公司 Powder-gas-driven ultrahigh-speed operating mechanism
DE102016203506B4 (en) * 2016-03-03 2021-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tripping device and electromechanical circuit breaker
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ATE146303T1 (en) 1996-12-15
DE4313207A1 (en) 1994-10-27
EP0621619A1 (en) 1994-10-26
SG49274A1 (en) 1998-05-18
DE59401228D1 (en) 1997-01-23
US5499007A (en) 1996-03-12
ES2095694T3 (en) 1997-02-16

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