EP0616383A1 - Antenna device for hand-held portable transceivers - Google Patents

Antenna device for hand-held portable transceivers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0616383A1
EP0616383A1 EP94103992A EP94103992A EP0616383A1 EP 0616383 A1 EP0616383 A1 EP 0616383A1 EP 94103992 A EP94103992 A EP 94103992A EP 94103992 A EP94103992 A EP 94103992A EP 0616383 A1 EP0616383 A1 EP 0616383A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
arms
arrangement according
antenna arrangement
matching line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94103992A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0616383B1 (en
Inventor
René Obi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Invoxia SA
Original Assignee
Ascom Business Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascom Business Systems AG filed Critical Ascom Business Systems AG
Publication of EP0616383A1 publication Critical patent/EP0616383A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0616383B1 publication Critical patent/EP0616383B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement for portable radio devices.
  • Handheld radio devices are understood here to mean devices which communicate via radio and which can be handled manually without any problems, in particular easily and can be carried at any time. These include e.g. Mobile devices and especially the handsets of cordless telephony, but not devices whose mobile use only makes sense in combination with a vehicle.
  • Cordless phones are well known today. They each have a basic device and a handheld device.
  • the base unit is arranged relatively stationary and connected to the telephone network like a conventional telephone via a connecting line.
  • the hand-held device can be moved freely within a range of the order of 100 m, the connection to the base device being made in full duplex via one or two radio channels. Both devices are comparable in size and weight to conventional telephones.
  • Cordless phones like all telecommunications facilities, are subject to high cost pressures. There is therefore the general task, e.g. The handheld devices of cordless telephones are not only easy, durable, ergonomic and elegant to train, but also advanced in terms of their technical functions, in accordance with all relevant standards, suitable for production and, above all, inexpensive. If the last is unsuccessful, market success is virtually impossible.
  • Telescopic antennas for example, are known as antennas for portable radio devices.
  • the length of the antenna aligns depends on the radio frequency used and is still a few centimeters at frequencies in the GigaHertz range.
  • the antenna forms a component protruding from the housing of the device, which is specially attached, connected and protected against damage.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an antenna arrangement, as it can be used in portable radio devices.
  • the arrangement has an antenna 10 and a matching line 15.
  • the antenna 10 and the matching line 15 are matched to one another such that the input or output impedance of the antenna and the impedance of the matching line 15 are the same.
  • this impedance is, for example, 50 ⁇ .
  • the antenna 10 is now preferably designed as a half-wave dipole.
  • This dipole essentially has two equally long, symmetrical antenna arms 11, 12, the length of which in vacuum would correspond to half the wavelength / 2 of the resonance frequency. With a current working frequency of 1.890 GHz, for example, this length would be about 8 cm. Due to the dielectric properties of the surroundings of the antenna arms 11, 12, however, the length mentioned is significantly reduced.
  • the matching line 15 is arranged centrally to the antenna 10 and transversely to the latter.
  • the adapter line is at one end to one of the antenna arms, e.g. the arm 11 connected and with its other end to electronic circuits, not shown, in particular transmitting and receiving circuits.
  • the structure of the matching line comprises two different, high-resistance microstrip conductors 17.1, 17.2 and two different capacitors 18.1, 18.2, which are grounded with one of their poles.
  • the microstrip conductors 17 represent high impedance RL impedances, the capacitors 18 RC impedances.
  • the overall result for the matching line 15 is the behavior of an LC impedance, the value of which can be varied by changing the values of the individual elements (17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2).
  • FIG. 2 shows a first, practical exemplary embodiment of an antenna arrangement corresponding to FIG. 1.
  • a load-bearing circuit board 20 coated on both sides is shown in perspective view, preferably a board based on glass epoxy.
  • the antenna arms 11, 12 are arranged as printed conductor tracks.
  • the matching line 15 is connected. This includes the high-resistance, printed microstrip lines 17.1, 17.2, to which the capacitors 18.1, 18.2 are connected as discrete components.
  • the microstrip lines 17 are meandering, with between two legs in the manner of Ladder rungs are arranged several cross connections. These cross connections can be cut individually, starting from the open side. This makes it possible to gradually increase the length of the microstrip lines and thus to trim the RL impedance of these line sections.
  • the two microstrip lines 17.1 and 17.2 of FIG. 1 thus essentially correspond to the two conductor-shaped line sections together with their edge regions.
  • the adapter line 15 is either directly connected to an electronic circuit, e.g. connected to a transmission amplifier or to a line of a predetermined characteristic impedance, in particular a 50 ⁇ line 28.
  • a relatively large mass area 22 is arranged on the other side 21 of the plate 20, which is lower in FIG. 2.
  • This hatched area 22 is at ground potential and interacts with the matching line 15, but not with the antenna 10. Its shape is therefore chosen so that it completely covers the area of the matching line 15 and the vast majority of the electronic circuits, the antenna arms 11, 12, on the other hand, leaves it essentially completely uncovered.
  • the ground surface 22 extends with a relatively pointed end 23 to the center of the antenna, where the inner end of the antenna arm 12 is connected to the ground surface 22 through the plate 20 and is thus grounded.
  • the capacitors 18 are also connected with their one connection poles through the printed circuit board 20 to the ground surface 22 and are therefore on one side at the reference potential zero.
  • the antenna arrangement described is simple in construction and, above all, in the technology of conventional ones printed circuit boards can be produced. This has the particular advantage that the antenna arrangement can be produced together with the wiring pattern of the electronic circuits of, for example, a hand-held device of a cordless telephone, in particular on a single, common plate 20. This then saves further fastening means in the hand-held device and simplifies assembly.
  • the arms 11, 12 of the antenna 10 are approximately linear in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2 and lie essentially on a common straight line.
  • the following figures show a schematic view of variants of the antenna 10, which are also mirror-symmetrical.
  • FIG. 3 shows the first variant of an antenna, the arms 111, 112 of which are angled in an L-shape, the inner, facing legs of the antenna arms lying on a common straight line.
  • 4 shows, as a second variant, an antenna 10 with arms 211, 212 shaped in a circular arc. These arms lie on a common circle.
  • 5 shows, as a third variant, an antenna 10 in which the arms 311, 312 are wave-shaped in their inner, mutually facing regions and linear in their outer regions.
  • FIG. 6 shows, as a fourth variant, an antenna 10 in which, compared to the third variant (FIG. 5), the linear and the wavy regions of the arms 311, 312 are interchanged.
  • Each of the antennas 10 described so far forms a planar half-wave dipole with mirror-symmetrical antenna arms 11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312.
  • the arms rest completely on a single side (for example 19) of the printed circuit board 20 and are preferably designed as printed conductor tracks.
  • Glass epoxy is mentioned as the preferred material for the printed circuit board 20.
  • other material is also possible, for example ceramic material which the antenna arms are made in the screen printing process according to the thick film technology. It is generally important for the antenna 10 that it is close to the plate edge 25 of the plate 20. This applies to their entire course, i.e. to both arms and the entire extension of the arms.
  • the antenna is formed in two layers and of the same shape on both sides 19, 21 of the plate 20, with a large number of connections 31 through the plate 20 intimately affecting the two antenna halves connect with each other.
  • the connections 31 can be easily and essentially automatically plated through drilled holes in the plate 20.
  • FIG. 8 shows the section across a further antenna 10.
  • This antenna is predominantly arranged on the front edge 25 of a printed circuit board 20.
  • the edge area of both sides 19, 21 of the plate 20 is covered with mutually associated conductor tracks which are electrically connected to one another around the plate edge, e.g. by plating 26.
  • FIG. 9 shows the section across another antenna 10.
  • one arm 411 lies on one side 19 of the printed circuit board 20 and the other arm 412 lies on the other side 21.
  • This construction makes the hole through the plate 20 superfluous, which leads according to FIG. 2 from the other antenna arm to the end 23 of the ground surface 22.
  • the invention results in an essential, technical development step in terms of producibility, which is reflected in the reduction in manufacturing costs. There are no fundamental limits to the application. However, it is particularly useful to use it in handy devices for general use, in particular in cordless telephony handsets and the associated basic devices.

Abstract

A half-wave dipole antenna (10) is arranged on one side (19) of a single printed circuit board (20) of the radio set, in addition to the electronic circuits. This antenna (10) has two arms (11, 12) which are of equal length and are arranged on the edge (25) of the board. One arm (11) is connected to a matching line (15) which is composed of printed, high-impedance microstrip lines (17.1, 17,2) and discrete capacitors (18.1, 18.2) and its impedance is matched to the input impedance of the antenna (10). Arranged on the other side (21) of the board (20) is a large-area earth surface (22) which, in an assigned manner, covers the region of the matching line (15) and leaves the region of the antenna arms (11, 12) uncovered. To this end, the surface (22) terminates with a relatively sharp end (23). The second arm (12) is connected to this end (23) through the board (20), and is thus earthed. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antennenanordnung für in der Hand tragbare Funkgeräte.The invention relates to an antenna arrangement for portable radio devices.

Unter in der Hand tragbaren Funkgeräten werden hier Geräte verstanden, die über Funk kommunizierend und die problemlos manuell handhabbar, insbesondere leicht und jederzeit tragbar sind. Hierzu gehören z.B. Mobilfunkgeräte und vor allem die Handapparate der Schnurlostelefonie, jedoch keine Geräte, deren mobiler Einsatz nur in Kombination mit einem Fahrzeug sinnvoll ist.Handheld radio devices are understood here to mean devices which communicate via radio and which can be handled manually without any problems, in particular easily and can be carried at any time. These include e.g. Mobile devices and especially the handsets of cordless telephony, but not devices whose mobile use only makes sense in combination with a vehicle.

Schnurlostelefone sind heute allgemein bekannt. Sie weisen jeweils ein Basisgerät und ein Handgerät auf. Das Basisgerät ist relativ ortsfest angeordnet und über eine Anschlussleitung wie ein herkömmliches Telefon mit dem Telefonnetz verbunden. Das Handgerät ist dagegen in einem Umkreis der Grössenordnung 100 m frei bewegbar, wobei die Verbindung zum Basisgerät im Vollduplex über einen oder zwei Funkkanäle erfolgt. Beide Geräte sind in Grösse und Gewicht mit konventionellen Telefonen vergleichbar.Cordless phones are well known today. They each have a basic device and a handheld device. The base unit is arranged relatively stationary and connected to the telephone network like a conventional telephone via a connecting line. In contrast, the hand-held device can be moved freely within a range of the order of 100 m, the connection to the base device being made in full duplex via one or two radio channels. Both devices are comparable in size and weight to conventional telephones.

Schnurlostelefone stehen heute wie alle Einrichtungen der Telekommunikation unter einem hohen Kostendruck. Es besteht daher die allgemeine Aufgabe, z.B. die Handgeräte von Schnurlostelefonen nicht nur leicht, dauerhaft, ergonomisch und formschön auszubilden, sondern auch bezüglich ihrer technischen Funktionen fortschrittlich, allen einschlägigen Normen entsprechend, fertigungsgerecht und dazu vor allem preiswert. Gelingt das letzte nicht, ist ein Markterfolg so gut wie ausgeschlossen.Cordless phones, like all telecommunications facilities, are subject to high cost pressures. There is therefore the general task, e.g. The handheld devices of cordless telephones are not only easy, durable, ergonomic and elegant to train, but also advanced in terms of their technical functions, in accordance with all relevant standards, suitable for production and, above all, inexpensive. If the last is unsuccessful, market success is virtually impossible.

Als Antenne für in der Hand tragbare Funkgeräte sind z.B. Teleskopantennen bekannt. Die Länge der Antenne richtet sich nach der verwendeten Funkfrequenz und beträgt bei Frequenzen im GigaHertzbereich noch einige Zentimeter. Die Antenne bildet jeweils ein aus dem Gehäuse des Gerätes herausragendes Bauteil, das speziell befestigt, angeschlossen und gegenüber Beschädigungen geschützt ist.Telescopic antennas, for example, are known as antennas for portable radio devices. The length of the antenna aligns depends on the radio frequency used and is still a few centimeters at frequencies in the GigaHertz range. The antenna forms a component protruding from the housing of the device, which is specially attached, connected and protected against damage.

Im Rahmen der genannten allgemeinen Aufgabe besteht nun ein Detailproblem darin, für den Bereich der Geräteantennen eine gegenüber dem bisherigen bessere Lösung zu finden.In the context of the general task mentioned, a detailed problem now consists in finding a better solution for the area of the device antennas than the previous one.

Die Lösung dieses Detailproblems bzw. der konkretisierten Aufgabe ist durch den kennzeichnenden Teil von Anspruch 1 gegeben. Die Lösung bringt in fertigungstechnischer und preislicher Hinsicht einen wesentlichen Fortschritt. Die abhängigen Ansprüche geben Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung an.The solution to this detail problem or the specific task is given by the characterizing part of claim 1. The solution brings significant progress in terms of production technology and price. The dependent claims provide embodiments of the invention.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von neun Figuren beispielsweise näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 - Schematische Darstellung einer Antennen-Anordnung
  • Fig. 2 - Perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels
  • Fig. 3 bis 9 - Varianten von Antennen.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to nine figures, for example. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 - Schematic representation of an antenna arrangement
  • Fig. 2 - perspective view of a first embodiment
  • 3 to 9 - Variants of antennas.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Antennen-Anordnung, wie sie bei in der Hand tragbaren Funkgeräten einsetzbar ist. Die Anordnung weist eine Antenne 10 und eine Anpassleitung 15 auf. Die Antenne 10 und die Anpassleitung 15 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangsimpedanz der Antenne und die Impedanz der Anpassleitung 15 gleich sind. Im noch zu beschreibenden, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt diese Impedanz beispielsweise 50 Ω.Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an antenna arrangement, as it can be used in portable radio devices. The arrangement has an antenna 10 and a matching line 15. The antenna 10 and the matching line 15 are matched to one another such that the input or output impedance of the antenna and the impedance of the matching line 15 are the same. In the preferred embodiment to be described below, this impedance is, for example, 50 Ω.

Die Antenne 10 ist nun bevorzugt als Halbwellendipol ausgebildet. Dieser Dipol besitzt zwei im wesentlichen gleich lange, symmetrische Antennenarme 11, 12, deren Länge im Vakuum insgesamt der halben Wellenlänge /2 der Resonanzfrequenz entsprechen würde. Bei einer heute üblichen Arbeitsfrequenz von z.B. 1,890 GHz wäre diese Länge etwa 8 cm. Durch die dielektrischen Eigenschaften der Umgebung der Antennenarme 11, 12 wird die genannte Länge jedoch sehr massgeblich verringert.The antenna 10 is now preferably designed as a half-wave dipole. This dipole essentially has two equally long, symmetrical antenna arms 11, 12, the length of which in vacuum would correspond to half the wavelength / 2 of the resonance frequency. With a current working frequency of 1.890 GHz, for example, this length would be about 8 cm. Due to the dielectric properties of the surroundings of the antenna arms 11, 12, however, the length mentioned is significantly reduced.

Die Anpassleitung 15 ist mittig zur Antenne 10 und quer zu dieser angeordnet. Die Anpassleitung ist mit ihrem einen Ende an den einen der Antennenarme, z.B. den Arm 11 angeschlossen und mit ihrem anderen Ende an nicht gezeigte Elektronikschaltkreise, insbesondere Sende- und Empfangsschaltkreise. Der Aufbau der Anpassleitung umfasst zwei unterschiedliche, hochohmige Microstrip-Leiter 17.1, 17.2 und zwei unterschiedliche Kondensatoren 18.1, 18.2, die mit ihren einen Polen an Masse liegen. Die Microstrip-Leiter 17 stellen bei Hochfrequenz RL-Impedanzen dar, die Kondensatoren 18 RC-Impedanzen. Gesamthaft ergibt sich für die Anpassleitung 15 das Verhalten einer LC-Impedanz, deren Wert durch Verändern der Werte der einzelnen Elemente (17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2) variierbar ist.The matching line 15 is arranged centrally to the antenna 10 and transversely to the latter. The adapter line is at one end to one of the antenna arms, e.g. the arm 11 connected and with its other end to electronic circuits, not shown, in particular transmitting and receiving circuits. The structure of the matching line comprises two different, high-resistance microstrip conductors 17.1, 17.2 and two different capacitors 18.1, 18.2, which are grounded with one of their poles. The microstrip conductors 17 represent high impedance RL impedances, the capacitors 18 RC impedances. The overall result for the matching line 15 is the behavior of an LC impedance, the value of which can be varied by changing the values of the individual elements (17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2).

Fig. 2 zeigt ein erstes, praktisches Ausführungsbeispiel einer Antennenanordnung entsprechend Fig. 1. In perspektivischer Ansicht ist eine tragende, zweiseitig beschichtete Leiterplatte 20 dargestellt, bevorzugt eine Platte auf der Basis von Glasepoxyd. Auf der einen, in der Darstellung oberen Seite 19 der Platte 20 und nahe am Plattenrand 25, sowie parallel zu diesem Rand 25 sind die Antennenarme 11, 12 als gedruckte Leiterzüge angeordnet. Am Kontaktende des einen Armes 11 ist die Anpassleitung 15 angeschlossen. Diese umfasst die hochohmigen, gedruckten Microstrip-Leitungen 17.1, 17.2, an die die Kondensatoren 18.1, 18.2 als diskrete Bauelemente angeschlossen sind.FIG. 2 shows a first, practical exemplary embodiment of an antenna arrangement corresponding to FIG. 1. A load-bearing circuit board 20 coated on both sides is shown in perspective view, preferably a board based on glass epoxy. On one side, in the illustration upper side 19 of the plate 20 and close to the edge 25 of the plate, and parallel to this edge 25, the antenna arms 11, 12 are arranged as printed conductor tracks. At the contact end of one arm 11, the matching line 15 is connected. This includes the high-resistance, printed microstrip lines 17.1, 17.2, to which the capacitors 18.1, 18.2 are connected as discrete components.

Die Microstrip-Leitungen 17 sind mäanderförmig geführt, wobei zwischen jeweils zwei Schenkeln in Art von Leitersprossen mehrere Querverbindungen angeordnet sind. Diese Querverbindungen lassen sich einzeln und beginnend von der offenen Seite her durchtrennen. Hierdurch besteht die Möglichkeit, die Länge der Microstrip-Leitungen schrittweise zu vergrössern und damit die RL-Impedanz dieser Leitungsabschnitte zu trimmen. Den beiden Microstrip-Leitungen 17.1 und 17.2 von Fig. 1 entsprechen damit im wesentlichen die beiden leiterförmigen Leitungsabschnitte samt deren Randbereichen.The microstrip lines 17 are meandering, with between two legs in the manner of Ladder rungs are arranged several cross connections. These cross connections can be cut individually, starting from the open side. This makes it possible to gradually increase the length of the microstrip lines and thus to trim the RL impedance of these line sections. The two microstrip lines 17.1 and 17.2 of FIG. 1 thus essentially correspond to the two conductor-shaped line sections together with their edge regions.

Die Anpass-Leitung 15 ist an ihrem der Antenne 10 abgekehrten Ende entweder direkt mit einem elektronischen Schaltkreis, z.B. einem Sendeverstärker verbunden oder mit einer Leitung von vorgegebenem Wellenwiderstand, insbesondere einer 50-Ω-Leitung 28.The adapter line 15 is either directly connected to an electronic circuit, e.g. connected to a transmission amplifier or to a line of a predetermined characteristic impedance, in particular a 50 Ω line 28.

Auf der in Fig. 2 unteren, anderen Seite 21 der Platte 20 ist eine relativ grossflächige Masse-Fläche 22 angeordnet. Diese schraffiert dargestellte Fläche 22 liegt auf Erdpotential und wirkt mit der Anpassleitung 15 zusammen, jedoch nicht mit der Antenne 10. Ihre Form ist daher so gewählt, dass sie den Bereich der Anpassleitung 15 und den weitaus überwiegenden Teil der elektronischen Schaltkreise vollständig abdeckt, die Antennenarme 11, 12 dagegen im wesentlichen vollständig unabgedeckt lässt. Als Ausnahme dieser Regel reicht die Masse-Fläche 22 mit einem relativ spitz auslaufenden Ende 23 bis zur Antennen-Mitte, wo das innere Ende des Antennenarms 12 durch die Platte 20 hindurch mit der Masse-Fläche 22 verbunden und damit geerdet ist.A relatively large mass area 22 is arranged on the other side 21 of the plate 20, which is lower in FIG. 2. This hatched area 22 is at ground potential and interacts with the matching line 15, but not with the antenna 10. Its shape is therefore chosen so that it completely covers the area of the matching line 15 and the vast majority of the electronic circuits, the antenna arms 11, 12, on the other hand, leaves it essentially completely uncovered. As an exception to this rule, the ground surface 22 extends with a relatively pointed end 23 to the center of the antenna, where the inner end of the antenna arm 12 is connected to the ground surface 22 through the plate 20 and is thus grounded.

Die Kondensatoren 18 sind ebenfalls mit ihren einen Anschlusspolen durch die Leiterplatte 20 hindurch mit der Masse-Fläche 22 verbunden und liegen damit einseitig auf dem Bezugspotential Null.The capacitors 18 are also connected with their one connection poles through the printed circuit board 20 to the ground surface 22 and are therefore on one side at the reference potential zero.

Die beschriebene Antennen-Anordnung ist im Aufbau einfach und vor allem in der Technik der konventionellen gedruckten Leiterplatten herstellbar. Dies hat den besonderen Vorteil, dass die Antennen-Anordnung zusammen mit dem Verdrahtungsmuster der elektronischen Schaltkreise eines z.B. Handgerätes eines Schnurlostelefons herstellbar ist, insbesondere auf einer einzigen, gemeinsamen Platte 20. Dies spart dann weiter Befestigungsmittel im Handgerät und vereinfacht die Montage.The antenna arrangement described is simple in construction and, above all, in the technology of conventional ones printed circuit boards can be produced. This has the particular advantage that the antenna arrangement can be produced together with the wiring pattern of the electronic circuits of, for example, a hand-held device of a cordless telephone, in particular on a single, common plate 20. This then saves further fastening means in the hand-held device and simplifies assembly.

Die Arme 11, 12 der Antenne 10 sind entsprechend den Figuren 1 und 2 etwa linear und liegen im wesentlichen auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden. Die nachfolgenden Figuren zeigen in schematischer Ansicht Varianten der Antenne 10, die ebenfalls spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet sind.The arms 11, 12 of the antenna 10 are approximately linear in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2 and lie essentially on a common straight line. The following figures show a schematic view of variants of the antenna 10, which are also mirror-symmetrical.

Fig. 3 zeigt als erste Variante eine Antenne, deren Arme 111, 112 L-förmig gewinkelt sind, wobei die inneren, einander zugekehrten Schenkel der Antennenarme auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden liegen.
Fig. 4 zeigt als zweite Variante eine Antenne 10 mit kreisbogenförmig geformten Armen 211, 212. Hierbei liegen diese Arme auf einem gemeinsamen Kreis.
Fig. 5 zeigt als dritte Variante eine Antenne 10, bei der die Arme 311, 312 in ihren inneren, einander zugekehrten Bereichen wellenförmig ausgebildet sind und in ihren äusseren Bereichen linear.
Fig. 6 zeigt als vierte Variante eine Antenne 10, bei der im Vergleich zur dritten Variante (Fig. 5) die linearen und die wellenförmigen Bereiche der Arme 311, 312 miteinander vertauscht sind.3 shows the first variant of an antenna, the arms 111, 112 of which are angled in an L-shape, the inner, facing legs of the antenna arms lying on a common straight line.
4 shows, as a second variant, an antenna 10 with arms 211, 212 shaped in a circular arc. These arms lie on a common circle.
5 shows, as a third variant, an antenna 10 in which the arms 311, 312 are wave-shaped in their inner, mutually facing regions and linear in their outer regions.
FIG. 6 shows, as a fourth variant, an antenna 10 in which, compared to the third variant (FIG. 5), the linear and the wavy regions of the arms 311, 312 are interchanged.

Jede der bis hierher beschriebenen Antennen 10 bildet einen planaren Halbwellendipol mit spiegelsymmetischen Antennenarmen 11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312. Die Arme liegen vollständig auf einer einzigen Seite (z.B. 19) der Leiterplatte 20 auf und sind bevorzugt als gedruckte Leiterzüge ausgebildet. Als bevorzugtes Material für die Leiterplatte 20 wird Glasepoxyd genannt. Es ist jedoch auch anderes Material möglich, z.B. Keramikmaterial, auf dem die Antennenarme im Siebdruckverfahren entsprechend der Dickfilmtechnik hergestellt sind. Wichtig für die Antenne 10 ist generell, dass sie nahe zum Plattenrand 25 der Platte 20 liegt. Dies gilt für ihren gesamten Verlauf, also für beide Arme und die gesamte Ausdehnung der Arme.Each of the antennas 10 described so far forms a planar half-wave dipole with mirror-symmetrical antenna arms 11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312. The arms rest completely on a single side (for example 19) of the printed circuit board 20 and are preferably designed as printed conductor tracks. Glass epoxy is mentioned as the preferred material for the printed circuit board 20. However, other material is also possible, for example ceramic material which the antenna arms are made in the screen printing process according to the thick film technology. It is generally important for the antenna 10 that it is close to the plate edge 25 of the plate 20. This applies to their entire course, i.e. to both arms and the entire extension of the arms.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine weitere Antenne 10, dargestellt im Schnitt durch eine Leiterplatte 20. Hiernach ist die Antenne zweischichtig und formgleich auf beiden Seiten 19, 21 der Platte 20 ausgebildet, wobei eine Vielzahl von Verbindungen 31 durch die Platte 20 hierdurch die beiden Antennenhälften innig miteinander verbinden. Die Verbindungen 31 sind problemlos und im wesentlichen automatisch durch gebohrte Löcher in der Platte 20 durchplattierbar.7 shows a further antenna 10, shown in section through a printed circuit board 20. According to this, the antenna is formed in two layers and of the same shape on both sides 19, 21 of the plate 20, with a large number of connections 31 through the plate 20 intimately affecting the two antenna halves connect with each other. The connections 31 can be easily and essentially automatically plated through drilled holes in the plate 20.

Fig. 8 zeigt den Schnitt quer durch eine weitere Antenne 10. Diese Antenne ist vorwiegend am stirnseitigen Plattenrand 25 einer Leiterplatte 20 angeordnet. Hierzu ist der Randbereich beider Seiten 19, 21 der Platte 20 mit einander zugeordneten Leiterbahnen belegt, die um die Plattenkante herum elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind, z.B. durch eine Plattierung 26.8 shows the section across a further antenna 10. This antenna is predominantly arranged on the front edge 25 of a printed circuit board 20. For this purpose, the edge area of both sides 19, 21 of the plate 20 is covered with mutually associated conductor tracks which are electrically connected to one another around the plate edge, e.g. by plating 26.

Fig. 9 zeigt den Schnitt quer durch eine weitere Antenne 10. Bei dieser Antenne liegt der eine Arm 411 auf der einen Seite 19 der Leiterplatte 2o und der andere Arm 412 auf deren anderer Seite 21. Durch diesen Aufbau wird die Bohrung durch die Platte 20 überflüssig, die entsprechend Fig. 2 vom anderen Antennenarm aus zum Ende 23 der Masse-Fläche 22 führt.FIG. 9 shows the section across another antenna 10. In this antenna, one arm 411 lies on one side 19 of the printed circuit board 20 and the other arm 412 lies on the other side 21. This construction makes the hole through the plate 20 superfluous, which leads according to FIG. 2 from the other antenna arm to the end 23 of the ground surface 22.

Die beschriebene Antennenanordnung lässt eine ganze Reihe weiterer Variationen zu. Nachfolgend werden einige Beispiele angegeben:

  • Die Leiterplatte 20 kann nach der sogenannten Dickfilmtechnik mit Hilfe des Siebdrucks hergestellt sein anstatt in der konventionellen Ätztechnik.
  • Die Dicke und die Oberflächeneigenschaften der Antennenarme 11, 12 können variieren.
  • Es lassen sich die Antennenarme 11, 12 als Stanzteile aus Metallblech herstellen und auf die Leiterplatte 20 aufkleben.
  • Die Leiterplatte 20 kann mehrschichtig aufgebaut sein, wobei dann im Bereich der Antennenarme 11, 12 sämtliche Metallschichten entfernt sein müssen.
  • Die Antenne 10 kann anders als eine Halbwellen-Dipol ausgebildet sein, z.B. als einarmige Stabantenne oder als Schlitzantenne.
The antenna arrangement described allows a whole series of further variations. Some examples are given below:
  • The printed circuit board 20 can be produced using the so-called thick film technique with the aid of screen printing instead of the conventional etching technique.
  • The thickness and surface properties of the antenna arms 11, 12 can vary.
  • The antenna arms 11, 12 can be produced as stamped parts from sheet metal and glued onto the printed circuit board 20.
  • The printed circuit board 20 can have a multilayer structure, in which case all metal layers must then be removed in the region of the antenna arms 11, 12.
  • The antenna 10 can be designed differently than a half-wave dipole, for example as a single-arm rod antenna or as a slot antenna.

Insgesamt ergibt sich durch die Erfindung ein wesentlicher, technischer Entwicklungsschritt in Bezug auf die Fertigbarkeit, was sich in der Reduzierung der Herstellungskosten zeigt. Der Anwendung sind keine grundsätzlichen Grenzen gezogen. Sinnvoll ist jedoch vor allem die Verwendung in handlichen Geräten für den allgemeinen Gebrauch, insbesondere in Handgeräten der Schnurlostelefonie und den zugehörigen Basisgeräten.Overall, the invention results in an essential, technical development step in terms of producibility, which is reflected in the reduction in manufacturing costs. There are no fundamental limits to the application. However, it is particularly useful to use it in handy devices for general use, in particular in cordless telephony handsets and the associated basic devices.

Claims (10)

Antennenanordnung für ein in der Hand tragbares Funkgerät, - wobei das Funkgerät eine Leiterplatte (20) umfasst, die wenigstens einen wesentlichen Teil der elektronischen Schaltkreise des Gerätes und die Verbindungsleitungen zwischen diesen trägt, und - wobei die Antennenanordnung die eigentliche Antenne, deren Halterung und deren elektronische Anpassung an die Sende- und Empfangsschaltkreise beinhaltet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass in einem Randbereich der Leiterplatte (20) und im wesentlichen entlang des Plattenrandes (25) eine Halbwellendipol-Antenne (10) angeordnet ist, - dass diese Antennne (10) zwei im wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrische Antennenarme (11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312) aufweist, - dass das innere Ende des einen Antennenarms (11, 111, 211, 311) über eine Anpassleitung (15) mit den elektronischen Schaltkreisen und das innere Ende des anderen Antennenarms (12, 112, 212, 312) mit einer Massefläche (22) verbunden ist, wobei die Eingangsimpedanz der Antenne (10) und die Impedanz der Anpassleitung (15) aneinander angepasst sind, und - dass auf der Leiterplatte (20) die Nachbarbereiche der Antenne (10) im wesentlichen frei von jeglichen sonstigen Leitern sind. Antenna arrangement for a handheld radio, - wherein the radio comprises a printed circuit board (20) which carries at least a substantial part of the electronic circuits of the device and the connecting lines between them, and the antenna arrangement contains the actual antenna, its holder and its electronic adaptation to the transmitting and receiving circuits,
characterized, - That a half-wave dipole antenna (10) is arranged in an edge region of the printed circuit board (20) and essentially along the edge of the plate (25), - That this antenna (10) has two substantially mirror-symmetrical antenna arms (11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312), - That the inner end of an antenna arm (11, 111, 211, 311) via a matching line (15) with the electronic circuits and the inner end of the other antenna arm (12, 112, 212, 312) connected to a ground surface (22) , the input impedance of the antenna (10) and the impedance of the matching line (15) being matched to one another, and - That on the circuit board (20) the neighboring areas of the antenna (10) are essentially free of any other conductors. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Antennenarme (11, 12) im wesentlichen linear ausgebildet sind und auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden liegen.Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the antenna arms (11, 12) are essentially linear and lie on a common straight line. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Antennenarme (111, 112) L-förmig gewinkelt ausgebildet sind, wobei jeweils die einen L-Schenkel auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden und die anderen L-Schenkel parallel zueinander liegen.Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the antenna arms (111, 112) are angled in an L-shape, the one L-leg lying on a common straight line and the other L-leg lying parallel to one another. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Antennenarme (211, 212) im wesentlichen kreisbogenförmig ausgebildet sind und auf einem gemeinsamen Halbkreis liegen.Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the antenna arms (211, 212) are essentially arcuate and lie on a common semicircle. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Antennenarme (311, 312) teilweise linear und ansonsten wellenförmig ausgebildet sind.Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the antenna arms (311, 312) are partially linear and otherwise wave-shaped. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Leiterplatte (20) wenigstens zwei Leiterschichten aufweist, - dass wenigstens der eine Antennenarm (11, 111, 211, 311) als gedruckte Leiterbahn aus der einen Leiterschicht gebildet ist, - dass die Anpassleitung (15) wenigstens teilweise ebenfalls aus dieser einen Leiterschicht gebildet ist, - dass aus einer anderen Leiterschicht eine Masse-Fläche (22) gebildet ist, die zugeordnet wenigstens den Bereich der Anpasssleitung (15) überdeckt und den Bereich der Antennenarme (11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312; 411, 412) unabgedeckt lässt, und - dass der andere Antennenarm (12, 112, 212, 312) mit der Masse-Fläche (22) verbunden ist. Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized, - That the printed circuit board (20) has at least two conductor layers, - that at least one antenna arm (11, 111, 211, 311) is formed as a printed conductor from the one conductor layer, - That the matching line (15) is also at least partially formed from this one conductor layer, - That a ground plane (22) is formed from another conductor layer, which at least covers the area of the adapter line (15) and the area of the antenna arms (11, 12; 111, 112; 211, 212; 311, 312; 411 , 412) leaves uncovered, and - That the other antenna arm (12, 112, 212, 312) is connected to the ground surface (22). Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Masse-Fläche (22) den weit überwiegenden Teil der anderen Leiterschicht ausfüllt, wobei die Masse-Fläche (22) im Bereich der Anpassleitung (15) und gegen die inneren Enden der Antennenarme (11, 12) hin relativ spitzwinklig ausläuft.Antenna arrangement according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the mass area (22) fills the vast majority of the other conductor layer, the mass area (22) in the area of the matching line (15) and against the inner ends of the antenna arms (11, 12) runs out at a relatively acute angle. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Anpassleitung (15) wenigstens eine gedruckte, hochohmige Microstrip-Leitung (17.1, 17.2) umfasst, die aus Material der einen Leiterschicht gebildet ist, und die (17.1, 17.2) durch wenigstens einen diskreten Kondensator (18.1, 18.2) mit der Masse-Fläche (22) verbunden ist.Antenna arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the matching line (15) comprises at least one printed, high-resistance microstrip line (17.1, 17.2), which is formed from material of the one conductor layer, and (17.1, 17.2) by at least one discrete capacitor (18.1, 18.2) with the ground -Face (22) is connected. Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Anpassleitung (15) zwei in Serie geschaltete Microstrip-Leitungen (17.1, 17.2) und zwei Kondensatoren (18.1, 18.2) umfasst.Antenna arrangement according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the matching line (15) comprises two series-connected microstrip lines (17.1, 17.2) and two capacitors (18.1, 18.2). Antennenanordnung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Microstrip-Leitungen (17.1, 17.2) mäanderförmige Trimm-Bereiche aufweisen, deren sprossenförmige Querverbindungen zum Zwecke des Trimmens durchtrennbar sind.Antenna arrangement according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the microstrip lines (17.1, 17.2) have meandering trim areas, the rung-shaped cross connections of which can be severed for the purpose of trimming.
EP94103992A 1993-03-19 1994-03-15 Antenna device for hand-held portable transceivers Expired - Lifetime EP0616383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH838/93 1993-03-19
CH83893 1993-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616383A1 true EP0616383A1 (en) 1994-09-21
EP0616383B1 EP0616383B1 (en) 1997-12-03

Family

ID=4196383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94103992A Expired - Lifetime EP0616383B1 (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-15 Antenna device for hand-held portable transceivers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0616383B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE160905T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59404690D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996038879A1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-05 Ericsson Inc. Printed monopole antenna

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5709832A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-01-20 Ericsson Inc. Method of manufacturing a printed antenna
EP0829112B1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1999-10-06 Ericsson Inc. Multiple band printed monopole antenna
JPH0964628A (en) * 1995-08-23 1997-03-07 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Antenna system

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004228A (en) * 1974-04-29 1977-01-18 Integrated Electronics, Ltd. Portable transmitter
EP0117283A1 (en) * 1983-01-28 1984-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dipole antenna for a portable radio apparatus
US4736454A (en) * 1983-09-15 1988-04-05 Ball Corporation Integrated oscillator and microstrip antenna system
US4894663A (en) * 1987-11-16 1990-01-16 Motorola, Inc. Ultra thin radio housing with integral antenna
DE4212808A1 (en) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp AERIAL CIRCUIT FOR A CONTACTLESS, PORTABLE STORAGE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JPH057109A (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Built-in antenna for portable telephone set
JPH0537416A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-02-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Cordless telephone set

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004228A (en) * 1974-04-29 1977-01-18 Integrated Electronics, Ltd. Portable transmitter
EP0117283A1 (en) * 1983-01-28 1984-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dipole antenna for a portable radio apparatus
US4736454A (en) * 1983-09-15 1988-04-05 Ball Corporation Integrated oscillator and microstrip antenna system
US4894663A (en) * 1987-11-16 1990-01-16 Motorola, Inc. Ultra thin radio housing with integral antenna
DE4212808A1 (en) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp AERIAL CIRCUIT FOR A CONTACTLESS, PORTABLE STORAGE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JPH057109A (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-01-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Built-in antenna for portable telephone set
JPH0537416A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-02-12 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Cordless telephone set

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 17, no. 264 (E - 1370) 24 May 1993 (1993-05-24) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 17, no. 328 (E - 1385) 22 June 1993 (1993-06-22) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996038879A1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-05 Ericsson Inc. Printed monopole antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0616383B1 (en) 1997-12-03
DE59404690D1 (en) 1998-01-15
ATE160905T1 (en) 1997-12-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE19732639C1 (en) Antenna coupler for testing mobile phones
DE60109365T2 (en) Antenna circuitry and test method
DE60009962T2 (en) WAVEGUIDE STRIPE WIRE TRANSFERS
DE60220882T2 (en) STRIP LINE ANTENNA WITH SWITCHABLE REACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR MULTI FREQUENCY USE IN MOBILE PHONE COMMUNICATIONS
DE69724253T2 (en) Meandering antenna arrangement
DE602005002046T2 (en) COMPACT MULTI-BAND PIFA ANTENNA WITH A SHAFT-LINE SLOTTED BZW. WAVE-LINE SLICES
DE102005047418B4 (en) Multi-band antenna device, wireless data transmission device and radio frequency chip
DE60302909T2 (en) EMC device of a wireless data transmission device
WO2001047056A2 (en) Antenna for a communications terminal
EP2256673A1 (en) RFID transponder for mounting on metal and production method for same
DE10045717A1 (en) Antenna apparatus for mobile communication system, has cylindrical dielectric core with patch antenna formed on circumference and helical antenna attached to feeding pin of core
EP0204886B1 (en) Antenna for a radio transmitting and receiving apparatus
DE60128700T2 (en) WIRELESS RADIO
DE112010000886T5 (en) RF module
DE69936648T2 (en) SUBSTRATANT WITH AN ELEMENT TO PREVENT ENERGY COUPLING BETWEEN ANTENNA AND LADDER
DE10022107A1 (en) Integrated antenna for mobile phones
WO2005109571A1 (en) Antenna coupler
WO2002063334A2 (en) Integrated circuit for a radar device in a hermetically sealed housing comprising a patch antenna formed from a bent component from sheet metal
EP0616383B1 (en) Antenna device for hand-held portable transceivers
EP1370886B1 (en) Antenna with coplanar waveguide feed for the transmission and/or reception of radar beams
EP0669672B1 (en) Portable radio apparatus
DE60301699T2 (en) Compact stripline antenna with an adaptation arrangement
EP1064693A1 (en) Electric flush-mounted installation unit with an antenna
DE60204943T2 (en) Pressed, built-in antenna for a portable electronic communication device
EP1033821A2 (en) DECT transceiver module

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950220

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19970314

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A.

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 160905

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19971215

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: AMMANN PATENTANWAELTE AG BERN

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59404690

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19980115

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19980212

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Free format text: ASCOM BUSINESS SYSTEMS AG TRANSFER- SWISSVOICE AG

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: PETER RUTZ EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20040302

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040303

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20040303

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20040305

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20040310

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050315

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050331

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20051130