EP0611838B1 - Appareil pour la récupération électrolytique de l'argent - Google Patents
Appareil pour la récupération électrolytique de l'argent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0611838B1 EP0611838B1 EP19940200310 EP94200310A EP0611838B1 EP 0611838 B1 EP0611838 B1 EP 0611838B1 EP 19940200310 EP19940200310 EP 19940200310 EP 94200310 A EP94200310 A EP 94200310A EP 0611838 B1 EP0611838 B1 EP 0611838B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- cell
- recovery unit
- lid
- silver recovery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silver recovery unit for the electrolytic recovery of silver from solutions containing silver, in particular used photographic solutions such as fixing and bleach-fixing solutions.
- Electrolytic silver recovery from used photographic solutions is a common way to extend the life of such solutions.
- An apparatus is known from German patent specification DE 4007906-C1 (Kodak AG) for the electrolytic recovery of silver from solutions containing silver, the apparatus comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode and a removable cathode positioned within the cell and encircling the anode and electrical connectors outside the cell for the cathode and the anode.
- the cell includes an electrically conductive contact surface which defines an aperture in the side of the cell.
- the cathode is in the form of a graphite foil carried on a backing of polymeric material.
- Clamping means in the form of a bolt pass through the aperture and through a hole in the cathode to clamp the cathode against the contact surface to complete an electrical connection from the cathode to the cathode connector.
- the cathode electrical connection is of vital importance since the electrode is the basis for the cathodic reactions which are most important in a de-silvering apparatus.
- the electrical connection should make sure that enough current can flow to the cathode, without causing a significant ohmic voltage drop between the cathode connector and the cathode itself.
- the reason for this is that the controlling of the current is usually done by means of the potential on this cathode as one pole and a reference electrode or the anode as the other pole.
- the potential on the cathode is in the range of some hundred millivolts and should be measured with fair accuracy.
- the potential between the cathode and the reference electrode is about 400mV.
- the potential should be measured with an accuracy of some millivolts.
- any ohmic resistance between the cathode and the electrical current supply will cause a measurement fault.
- the arrangement disclosed in DE 4007906 may provide a secure electrical connection between the cathode and its exterior connector, the contact surface is small and in use lies below the level of the electrolyte in the cell. This may lead to leakage if the bolt is not tightened sufficiently or to damage to the cathode if it is over-tightened. In any case, contact between the contact surface and the electrolyte may result in corrosion of the contact surface and ultimate build-up of the electrical resistance therein.
- a further electrolytic recovery apparatus with removable cathode is disclosed in US-A-3,985,634.
- the electrical contact with the cathode is established through a conductor which enters with a lip in sliding contact with the upper edge of a cylindrical cathode as the lid of the apparatus is clamped on the housing.
- Reliable electrical contact is obtained by a tab and corresponding screw that apply extra pressure on the contact place of lip with cathode edge.
- This construction has the same disadvantage as the apparatus described hereinbefore, namely an electrical contact with limited contact surface. Also the protruding tab of the lid is vulnerable and the presence of an electrical connection on the lid reduces the convenience of manipulation.
- Still another recovery apparatus is disclosed in CH-A-647,005. Electrical contact with a cylindrical removable cathode occurs through elastic fingers protruding from the lid of the apparatus. The contact surface is limited and deformation of the contact fingers by uncareful manipulation of the lid may impede the successful use on the long run.
- a silver recovery unit consisting of a cylindrical cell with an upper opening through which a cathode can be removed, a cathode surrounding an anode which is located in the center of the cell, and electrical contact means which is clamped against the upper portion of the cathode when the cell lid is closed, is characterised thereby that said electrical contact means is formed by an electrically conductive ring located in the upper opening of said cell, and that said clamping occurs by a removable lid which clamps in its position in which the opening of said cell is closed a deformable portion of said cathode against said conductive ring.
- the provision of the contact ring in the upper opening of the electrolytic cell enables this surface to be above the level of the electrolyte in the cell in use, thus reducing the risk of leakage and corrosion.
- the upper opening has a dimension which is sufficient to enable the removal of the cathode from the cell.
- the lid and the electrolytic cell may be provided with co-operating screw-threaded portions.
- the deformable portion of the cathode is deformed to the extent necessary to press it firmly against the contact ring where it is held securely by pressure from the clamping surface of the lid.
- a seal may be provided between the lid and the electrolytic cell in the vicinity of the opening to prevent leakage of the electrolyte from the cell, that is to maintain an air space above the surface of the electrolyte, the contact surface being located in this air space.
- the cathode is preferably in sheet form and ideally has a frusto-conical cross-section, with its larger radius end uppermost, that is towards the circular upper opening of the electrolyte cell. This configuration enables easy removal of the cathode even after a silver deposit has built up there-on after use.
- the upper, larger radius of the frusto-conical cathode preferably corresponds closely to the inner radius of the contact surface.
- Usable cathode materials include stainless steel, silver and silver alloys, the non-silver containing materials being preferred from the point of view of costs, while the silver containing materials cause fewer starting-up problems.
- the deformable portion of the cathode may be elastically or non-elastically deformable.
- the cathode is in sheet form and the deformable portion is comprised by a castellated upper edge of the cathode. This may be achieved by providing a number of longitudinal incisions extending from the upper edge of the cathode, defining between them a number of tabs which can be bent outwardly by the clamping means to lie against the contact surface.
- the electrolytic cell is suitably formed of electrically non-conductive material and is cylindrical. A cylindrical shape to the cell enables the cathode to be positioned near to the wall of the cell.
- the cell will be provided with inlet and outlet ports for the electrolyte liquid.
- the electrolytic cell further comprises a reference electrode.
- a reference electrode may conveniently be positioned adjacent the outlet port of the cell.
- the reference electrode may be a calomel type electrode or an Ag/AgCl type electrode.
- a suitable electrode has been disclosed in our co-pending application EP 92203439.2 filed 11 November 1992 and entitled "pH Sensitive Reference Electrode in Electrolytic Desilvering".
- the material used for the anode is not critical, although platinated titanium is usually used.
- the anode may be in the form of a rod, located at the axis of the electrolytic cell, where this is in cylindrical form. In any case, the anode is encircled by the cathode.
- the film recovery unit comprises an electrolytic cell 10, formed of electrically non-conductive material such as PVC, and comprising a base 15, sides 16 and an upper portion 17.
- An electrolyte inlet port 18 is provided towards the bottom of the cell and an electrolyte outlet port 19 is provided towards the top of the cell.
- An anode 20, in the form of a platinised titanium rod, is secured to the base of the cell by means of a bolt 21 which acts as an electrical connector for the anode.
- a reference electrode 50 protrudes into the outlet port 19 of the cell.
- the upper part 17 of the cell is in the form of a neck portion having an opening 12 defined by a stainless steel ring 22 having an inwardly directed annular contact surface 11.
- the contact surface 11 is frusto-conically shaped, having its narrower radius downwards.
- the stainless steel ring 22 is permanently fixed to one end of a bolt 31 which extends through the wall of the cell and provides a connector for the cathode 30.
- a sealing ring 14 Positioned in the neck of the cell, below the level of the annular ring 22, is a sealing ring 14.
- the unit further comprises a lid 40 so shaped as to fit into the neck portion of the cell.
- the lid 40 is formed of electrically non-conductive material such as PVC.
- the lower portion of the lid 40 has a frusto-conically shaped clamping surface 42, shaped to correspond to the shape of the annular contact surface 11.
- the upper part of the lid 40 has a thread 41 which engages with a thread 13 in the neck portion of the cell.
- the cathode 30, formed for example of stainless steel sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, is wrapped around into a frusto-conical configuration.
- the upper radius R 1 is marginally larger than the lower radius R 2 by a factor of 1.05.
- Castellations 33 are formed at the upper edge of the cathode by the provision of incisions 34 extending longitudinally away from that edge.
- the castellations or tabs 33 together form a deformable upper edge portion 32 of the cathode, the sheet material of which the cathode is formed being sufficiently resilient to allow the castellations to bend outwardly in response to outwardly directed force.
- the cathode 30 is located in the cell 10 with its bottom edge supported by a cathode support ledge 35 in the cell. In this position the deformable upper edge portion 32 of the cathode lies adjacent the stainless steel ring 22.
- the frusto-conical contact surface 42 on the lid bears against the castellations 33 of the cathode 30, causing these castellations to bend outwardly against the annular surface 11 of the ring 22. Tightening of the lid caused the castellations to be clamped firmly by the lid against the annular contact surface 11, thereby establishing good electrical contact there-between.
- the sealing ring 14 bears against the outer surface of the lid 40, thereby forming a tight seal.
- Electrolyte liquid is now fed into the cell by way of the inlet port 18, fills the cell and exits by way of the outlet port 19.
- the effect of the sealing ring 14 is to prevent the electrolyte level rising above the level of the outlet port 19, so maintaining an air space above the liquid and preventing contact between the liquid and the annular contact surface 11. The risk of corrosion of the latter is thereby reduced.
- the cell is then operated under usual conditions, during which a silver deposit builds up on the cathode 30, primarily on the inside surface thereof. After a period of time determined by the required amount of deposited silver, the operator unscrews the lid 40 and lifts the cathode 30 out of the cell. Due to the frusto-conical cross-section of the cathode, the sides of the cathode will not foul against the ring 22, even when some small amount of silver deposit has built up on the outside surface thereof. The silver deposit is then removed from the cathode, which may then be re-used as desired or replaced by another of similar construction for the de-silvering of a further batch of electrolyte.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Claims (7)
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent comprenant une cellule électrolytique (10) pourvue d'une ouverture supérieure à travers laquelle une cathode peut être enlevée, une cathode (30) entourant une anode (20) située au milieu de la cellule, et une pièce de contact électrique serrée contre la zone supérieure de la cathode lorsque le couvercle de la cellule est rabattu, caractérise en ce que la pièce de contact électrique est composée d'une bague électroconductrice (22) située dans l'ouverture supérieure de la cellule et que le serrage est assuré par un couvercle amovible (40) qui serre, dans sa position dans laquelle l'ouverture de la cellule est fermée, une zone déformable de la cathode contre la bague conductrice.
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bague (22) a une surface de contact sous forme d'un cône tronqué (11).
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (40) et la cellule électrolytique (10) sont pourvus de zones filetées qui s'emboîtent (41, 13).
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cathode (30) a une coupe conique tronquée, son extrémité de rayon le plus large étant située vers le haut, près de l'ouverture circulaire (12) de la cellule électrolytique (10).
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la zone déformable (32) de la cathode (30) est formée par des créneaux (33).
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la cellule électrolytique (10) comprend en outre une électrode de référence (50).
- Un appareil pour la récupération d'argent selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bague électroconductrice (22) est une bague en acier attachée à une pièce de connexion (31) pour la cathode.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19940200310 EP0611838B1 (fr) | 1993-02-16 | 1994-02-04 | Appareil pour la récupération électrolytique de l'argent |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93200427 | 1993-02-16 | ||
EP93200427 | 1993-02-16 | ||
EP19940200310 EP0611838B1 (fr) | 1993-02-16 | 1994-02-04 | Appareil pour la récupération électrolytique de l'argent |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0611838A1 EP0611838A1 (fr) | 1994-08-24 |
EP0611838B1 true EP0611838B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 |
Family
ID=26133660
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19940200310 Expired - Lifetime EP0611838B1 (fr) | 1993-02-16 | 1994-02-04 | Appareil pour la récupération électrolytique de l'argent |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0611838B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69804197D1 (de) * | 1998-01-15 | 2002-04-18 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Elektrolytische Zelle mit entfernbarer Elektrode und deren Betriebverfahren |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3985634A (en) * | 1975-01-27 | 1976-10-12 | Larson Kay R | Electrolytic silver recovery apparatus |
CH647005A5 (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1984-12-28 | Ladislav Krivanek | Electrolytic unit for the recovery of silver |
US4840717A (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1989-06-20 | Dzodin Milton A | Silver recovery cell |
-
1994
- 1994-02-04 EP EP19940200310 patent/EP0611838B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0611838A1 (fr) | 1994-08-24 |
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