EP0609706A2 - Converter bridge - Google Patents
Converter bridge Download PDFInfo
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- EP0609706A2 EP0609706A2 EP94100751A EP94100751A EP0609706A2 EP 0609706 A2 EP0609706 A2 EP 0609706A2 EP 94100751 A EP94100751 A EP 94100751A EP 94100751 A EP94100751 A EP 94100751A EP 0609706 A2 EP0609706 A2 EP 0609706A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- busbars
- busbar
- converter bridge
- current component
- frequency
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of power electronics.
- Such a converter bridge is known, for example, from European Patent EP-B1-0 254 911.
- the converter bridge in the cited document is a so-called two-point converter, which is essentially composed of two half bridges or converter switching poles.
- the half bridges each consist of two turn-off, series-connected thyristors (e.g. GTOs), each of which has a free-wheeling diode connected in anti-parallel.
- a backup capacitor is connected in parallel to each converter switching pole.
- the converter switching poles are connected to a converter bridge by means of connecting or busbars.
- a DC voltage source is connected to these busbars.
- the GTOs are now switched on and off in such a way that an alternating current flows through the load.
- the switching of the GTOs also stimulates a high-frequency, parasitic oscillating current in the oscillating circuit, formed by the support capacitors and the inductances of the busbars.
- This high-frequency oscillating current loads the busbars and the support capacitors in addition to the working current. It therefore represents an undesirable interference component, on the one hand, due to which the losses increase and, on the other hand, the converter is unnecessarily loaded.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a converter in which the losses resulting from the oscillating current are minimized without at the same time influencing the working current.
- the busbars consist of at least two parts and two busbars, which connect two half-bridges, lie close together and are mirror-symmetrically opposite with respect to a central plane.
- the oppositely flowing, high-frequency oscillating current components are concentrated in the directly opposite parts of the busbar, while the main current component flows essentially evenly distributed in the entire busbar.
- the busbars consist of two legs which are assigned to the busbar parts.
- the busbar thus has an overall L-shaped profile.
- the advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the two-part structure of the busbar effectively dampens the high-frequency, disturbing oscillating currents without unnecessarily affecting the main current component.
- Figure 1 shows a converter bridge (1), which consists of at least two half bridges (2.1, 2.2).
- the half bridges (2.1, 2.2) each have two series-connected valves (V1-4), for example thyristors (GTO) that can be switched off, freewheeling diodes (D1-4) arranged antiparallel to them and a backup capacitor (Co1, Co2).
- V1-4 series-connected valves
- GTO thyristors
- D1-4 freewheeling diodes
- Co1, Co2 Backup capacitor
- Two half bridges are connected via two busbars (3.1, 3.2).
- a DC voltage source (9) can be connected to these busbars (3.1, 3.2).
- Each half-bridge (2.1, 2.2) has a load connection (10.1, 10.2).
- a load (4) can be connected to these load connections (10.1, 10.2).
- valves (V1-4) are controlled according to a certain procedure, which will not be discussed further here. In this way, an essentially sinusoidal voltage or a sinusoidal current of the desired frequency arises in the load.
- this frequency can be 16.67 Hz.
- a converter bridge would be desirable, in which only the high-frequency secondary current component can be selectively damped. In the present invention, this is achieved by specially shaped busbars.
- busbars consist of at least two parts (8.1, 8.2) (see FIG. 2 ), one part (8.1) essentially the main current part and the second part (8.2) the Sidestream share leads. This enables the damping of the two current components to be set separately.
- the distribution of the current components in the busbar (3.1, 3.2) is based on the current displacement effect in two parallel conductors:
- the alternating magnetic field caused by alternating currents in the conductors, induces eddy currents in each conductor. These are superimposed on the conductor current and cause an uneven distribution of the current over the conductor cross-section, which is referred to as current displacement.
- Currents flowing in the opposite direction generally cause current to be displaced inwards, ie in the direction of the neighboring conductor, while currents flowing in parallel are pushed outwards.
- the current displacement depends on the frequency of the alternating current, the distance between the conductors and the conductor materials: the greater the frequency, the greater the current displacement; the greater the distance between the two conductors, the smaller the displacement.
- the secondary current component flows as a high-frequency compensating oscillation from the first busbar (3.1), via the first backup capacitor (Co1), via the second busbar (3.2), and via the second backup capacitor (Co2) back to the first busbar (3.1).
- the secondary current component therefore flows in the busbars (3.1, 3.2) in the opposite direction.
- the low-frequency main current component flows either only in one busbar or in parallel in both.
- the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) can be exploited by arranging the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) locally close to one another and mirror-symmetrically with respect to an intermediate plane (7). Since the busbars consist of two parts (8.1, 8.2), the secondary current component is mainly concentrated in the parts (8.2) that are directly opposite each other. The main current component, on the other hand, is essentially evenly distributed or concentrated in the parts (8.1), which are further away from the central plane (7), depending on whether the main current component flows only in one or in both busbars.
- the busbars (3.1, 3.2) essentially consist of two legs (5.1, 5.2). These legs are assigned to the busbar parts (8.1, 8.2). Together they form an L-shaped profile.
- the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) are arranged close to each other and mirror-symmetrically with respect to a central plane (7). This is shown in Figure 3 .
- the busbar parts (8.2) facing the center plane (7) have a small line cross section due to their L-shaped profile, while the parts (8.1) which are further away from the center plane and run from top to bottom in FIG. 3 have a relatively large line cross section .
- Two busbars together form an interrupted U-shaped profile.
- the gap between the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) along the central plane (7) is preferably filled with an insulation body (6).
- bypass flow component is now concentrated in the legs (5.2) of the busbar directly opposite. Since these have a smaller line cross section due to their shape than the legs (5.1) which are further away from the central plane (7), the bypass flow component is effectively damped without influencing the main flow component.
- FIG. 4 shows the qualitative course of the magnetic field lines for parallel flowing currents of 16.67 Hz. As can clearly be seen from the field lines and the current densities calculated therefrom along the axes "1" and "2" - qualitatively shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b - the main current component is essentially equally distributed.
- busbars e.g. have a T-shaped profile.
- leg facing the central plane can also have a flattened profile, so that the line cross-section towards the central plane is made even smaller.
- the invention therefore provides a converter bridge in which the damping of the high-frequency compensating currents can be set independently of the main current component.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Leistungselektronik.The invention relates to the field of power electronics.
Sie geht aus von einer Umrichterbrücke nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.It is based on a converter bridge according to the preamble of the first claim.
Ein solche Umrichterbrücke ist beispielsweise aus der Europäischen Patentschrift EP-B1-0 254 911 bekannt.Such a converter bridge is known, for example, from European Patent EP-B1-0 254 911.
Bei der Umrichterbrücke in der genannten Schrift handelt es sich um einen sogenannten Zweipunkt-Umrichter, welcher im wesentlichen aus zwei Halbbrücken oder Umrichterschaltpolen aufgebaut ist. Die Halbbrücken bestehen je aus zwei abschaltbaren, seriegeschalteten Thyristoren (z.B. GTOs), welchen je eine Freilaufdiode antiparallelgeschaltet ist. Jedem Umrichterschaltpol ist ein stützkondensator parallelgeschaltet. Die Umrichterschaltpole sind mittels Verbindungs- oder Stromschienen zu einer Umrichterbrücke geschaltet.The converter bridge in the cited document is a so-called two-point converter, which is essentially composed of two half bridges or converter switching poles. The half bridges each consist of two turn-off, series-connected thyristors (e.g. GTOs), each of which has a free-wheeling diode connected in anti-parallel. A backup capacitor is connected in parallel to each converter switching pole. The converter switching poles are connected to a converter bridge by means of connecting or busbars.
An diese Stromschienen wird eine Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen. Die GTOs werden nun so ein- und ausgeschaltet, dass durch die Last ein Wechselstrom fliesst. Zusätzlich wird durch das Schalten der GTOs aber auch noch ein hochfrequenter, parasitärer Schwingstrom im Schwingkreis, gebildet durch die Stützkondensatoren und die Induktivitäten der Stromschienen, angeregt. Dieser hochfrequente Schwingstrom belastet zusätzlich zum Arbeitsstrom die Stromschienen und die Stützkondensatoren. Er stellt also eine unerwünschte Störkomponente dar, aufgrund welcher einerseits die Verluste ansteigen und andererseits der Umrichter unnötig belastet wird.A DC voltage source is connected to these busbars. The GTOs are now switched on and off in such a way that an alternating current flows through the load. In addition the switching of the GTOs also stimulates a high-frequency, parasitic oscillating current in the oscillating circuit, formed by the support capacitors and the inductances of the busbars. This high-frequency oscillating current loads the busbars and the support capacitors in addition to the working current. It therefore represents an undesirable interference component, on the one hand, due to which the losses increase and, on the other hand, the converter is unnecessarily loaded.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Umrichter anzugeben, bei welchem die durch den Schwingstrom entstehenden Verluste minimiert werden ohne gleichzeitig den Arbeitsstrom zu beeinflussen.The object of the present invention is to provide a converter in which the losses resulting from the oscillating current are minimized without at the same time influencing the working current.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Umrichter der eingangs genannten Art durch die Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved in a converter of the type mentioned at the outset by the features of the first claim.
Kern der Erfindung ist es also, dass die Stromschienen aus mindestens zwei Teilen bestehen und zwei Stromschienen, welche zwei Halbbrücken verbinden, dicht nebeneinander und bezüglich einer Mittelebene spiegelsymmetrisch gegenüber liegen. In einer solchen Anordnung konzentrieren sich die gegenläufig fliessenden, hochfrequenten Schwingstromanteile in den direkt gegenüberliegenden Teilen der Stromschiene, während der Hauptstromanteil im wesentlichen gleichverteilt in der ganzen Stromschiene fliesst.The essence of the invention is therefore that the busbars consist of at least two parts and two busbars, which connect two half-bridges, lie close together and are mirror-symmetrically opposite with respect to a central plane. In such an arrangement, the oppositely flowing, high-frequency oscillating current components are concentrated in the directly opposite parts of the busbar, while the main current component flows essentially evenly distributed in the entire busbar.
Weisen die unmittelbar gegenüber liegenden Teile der Stromschienen nun einen relativ kleinen Leitungsquerschnitt auf, so wird der störende, hochfrequente Schwingstromanteil wirksam gedämpft.If the directly opposite parts of the busbars now have a relatively small cable cross-section, the disturbing, high-frequency component of the oscillating current is effectively damped.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel bestehen die Stromschienen aus zwei Schenkeln, welche den Stromschienenteilen zugeordnet sind. Somit weist die Stromschiene insgesamt ein L-förmiges Profil auf.In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the busbars consist of two legs which are assigned to the busbar parts. The busbar thus has an overall L-shaped profile.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further exemplary embodiments result from the subclaims.
Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Aufbaus besteht also darin, dass durch die zweiteilige Struktur der Stromschiene die hochfrequenten, störenden Schwingströme wirksam gedämpft werden ohne den Hauptstromanteil unnötig zu beeinträchtigen.The advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the two-part structure of the busbar effectively dampens the high-frequency, disturbing oscillating currents without unnecessarily affecting the main current component.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungs-beispielen im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- Eine Umrichterbrücke bestehend aus zwei Halbbrücken;
- Fig. 2
- Eine erfindungsgemässe Stromschiene im Profil;
- Fig. 3
- Die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung zweier Stromschienen im Profil;
- Fig. 4
- Den qualitativen Verlauf der magnetischen Feldlinien entlang des Profils einer erfindungsgemässen Stromschiene für den Hauptstromanteil;
- Fig. 5a,b
- Den qualitativen Verlauf der Stromdichte entlang der Achsen "1" und "2";
- Fig. 6
- Den qualitativen Verlauf der magnetischen Feldlinien entlang des Profils einer erfindungsgemässen Stromschiene für den hochfrequenten Schwingstrom; und
- Fig. 7a,b
- Den qualitativen Verlauf der Stromdichte entlang der Achsen "1" und "2".
- Fig. 1
- A converter bridge consisting of two half bridges;
- Fig. 2
- A conductor rail according to the invention in profile;
- Fig. 3
- The arrangement according to the invention of two busbars in profile;
- Fig. 4
- The qualitative course of the magnetic field lines along the profile of a conductor rail according to the invention for the main current component;
- 5a, b
- The qualitative course of the current density along the axes "1" and "2";
- Fig. 6
- The qualitative course of the magnetic field lines along the profile of a conductor rail according to the invention for the high-frequency oscillating current; and
- 7a, b
- The qualitative course of the current density along the axes "1" and "2".
Die in den Zeichnungen verwendeten Bezugszeichen und deren Bedeutung sind in der Bezeichnungsliste zusammengefasst aufgelistet. Grundsätzlich sind in den Figuren gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.The reference symbols used in the drawings and their meaning are summarized in the list of designations. In principle, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Umrichterbrücke (1), welche aus mindestens zwei Halbbrücken (2.1, 2.2) besteht. Die Halbbrücken (2.1, 2.2) weisen je zwei seriegeschaltete Ventile (V1-4), z.B. abschaltbare Thyristoren (GTO), dazu antiparallel angeordnete Freilaufdioden (D1-4) und einen Stützkondensator (Co1, Co2) auf. Zwei Halbbrücken sind über zwei Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) verbunden. An diese Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) kann eine Gleichspannungsquelle (9) angeschlossen werden. Jede Halbbrücke (2.1, 2.2) weist einen Lastanschluss (10.1, 10.2) auf. An diese Lastanschlüsse (10.1, 10.2) kann eine Last (4) angeschlossen werden. Figure 1 shows a converter bridge (1), which consists of at least two half bridges (2.1, 2.2). The half bridges (2.1, 2.2) each have two series-connected valves (V1-4), for example thyristors (GTO) that can be switched off, freewheeling diodes (D1-4) arranged antiparallel to them and a backup capacitor (Co1, Co2). Two half bridges are connected via two busbars (3.1, 3.2). A DC voltage source (9) can be connected to these busbars (3.1, 3.2). Each half-bridge (2.1, 2.2) has a load connection (10.1, 10.2). A load (4) can be connected to these load connections (10.1, 10.2).
Im Betrieb wird nun entweder der positive oder der negative Anschluss (+,-) der Gleichspannungsquelle (9) auf die Last durchgeschaltet. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Ventile (V1-4) nach einem bestimmten Verfahren, auf welches hier nicht weiter eingegangen werden soll, angesteuert. Auf diese Weise entsteht in der Last eine im wesentlichen sinusförmige Spannung bzw. ein sinusförmiger Strom gewünschter Frequenz.During operation, either the positive or the negative connection (+, -) of the DC voltage source (9) is switched through to the load. For this purpose, the valves (V1-4) are controlled according to a certain procedure, which will not be discussed further here. In this way, an essentially sinusoidal voltage or a sinusoidal current of the desired frequency arises in the load.
Diese Frequenz kann im Beispiel von Umrichterbrücken für Bahnanlagen 16.67 Hz betragen.In the example of converter bridges for railway systems, this frequency can be 16.67 Hz.
Gleichzeitig ist diesem niederfrequenten Hauptstromanteil jedoch ein hochfrequenter Nebenstromanteil überlagert. Dieser entsteht dadurch, dass das Schalten der Ventile (V1-4) den Schwingkreis, gebildet durch die Stützkondensatoren (Co1, und Co2) und die Induktivität der Stromschienen, anregt. Da der ohm'sche Widerstand der Stromschienen möglichst klein sein sollte, entsteht eine schwach gedämpfte, hochfrequente Schwingung, welche Effektivwerte von einigen hundert Ampere annimmt. Diese hochfrequente Schwingung belastet die Stützkondensatoren und die Stromschienen erheblich.At the same time, however, a high-frequency secondary current component is superimposed on this low-frequency main current component. This results from the fact that the switching of the valves (V1-4) excites the resonant circuit, formed by the support capacitors (Co1, and Co2) and the inductance of the busbars. Since the ohmic resistance of the busbars should be as small as possible, a weakly damped, high-frequency oscillation arises, which takes effective values of a few hundred amperes. This high-frequency vibration puts a considerable strain on the support capacitors and the busbars.
Der Einfluss der hochfrequenten Schwingung kann verringert werden, indem die Schwingung stärker gedämpft wird. Am einfachsten geschieht dies durch Einfügen von Widerständen. Solche Widerstände bringen aber auch erhöhte Verluste für den Hauptstromanteil.The influence of the high-frequency vibration can be reduced by damping the vibration more. The easiest way to do this is to insert resistors. However, such resistors also result in increased losses for the main current component.
Wünschenswert wäre aber eine Umrichterbrücke, bei welcher selektiv nur der hochfrequente Nebenstromanteil gedämpft werden kann. Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dies durch speziell geformte Stromschienen erreicht.However, a converter bridge would be desirable, in which only the high-frequency secondary current component can be selectively damped. In the present invention, this is achieved by specially shaped busbars.
Die Idee der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) aus mindestens zwei Teilen (8.1, 8.2) besteht (siehe Figur 2), wobei der eine Teil (8.1) im wesentlichen den Hauptstromanteil und der zweite Teil (8.2) den Nebenstromanteil führt. Dadurch kann die Dämpfung der beiden Stromanteile separat eingestellt werden.The idea of the invention is that the busbars (3.1, 3.2) consist of at least two parts (8.1, 8.2) (see FIG. 2 ), one part (8.1) essentially the main current part and the second part (8.2) the Sidestream share leads. This enables the damping of the two current components to be set separately.
Die Aufteilung der Stromanteile in der Stromschiene (3.1, 3.2) basiert auf dem Stromverdrängungseffekt in zwei parallelen Leitern:
Das magnetische Wechselfeld, hervorgerufen durch Wechselströme in den Leitern, induziert in jedem Leiter Wirbelströme. Diese überlagern sich dem Leiterstrom und bewirken eine ungleichmässige Verteilung des Stromes über den Leiterquerschnitt, die man als Stromverdrängung bezeichnet. Ströme, welche in entgegengesetzter Richtung fliessen, bewirken im allgemeinen eine Stromverdrängung nach innen, d.h. in die Richtung des Nachbarleiters, während parallel fliessende Ströme nach aussen gedrängt werden. Die Stromverdrängung ist von der Frequenz des Wechselstromes, dem Abstand zwischen den Leitern und den Leitermaterialien abhängig: Je grösser die Frequenz desto grösser die Stromverdrängung; je grösser der Abstand der zwei Leiter umso kleiner die Verdrängung.The distribution of the current components in the busbar (3.1, 3.2) is based on the current displacement effect in two parallel conductors:
The alternating magnetic field, caused by alternating currents in the conductors, induces eddy currents in each conductor. These are superimposed on the conductor current and cause an uneven distribution of the current over the conductor cross-section, which is referred to as current displacement. Currents flowing in the opposite direction generally cause current to be displaced inwards, ie in the direction of the neighboring conductor, while currents flowing in parallel are pushed outwards. The current displacement depends on the frequency of the alternating current, the distance between the conductors and the conductor materials: the greater the frequency, the greater the current displacement; the greater the distance between the two conductors, the smaller the displacement.
Im vorliegenden Umrichter fliesst der Nebenstromanteil als hochfrequente Ausgleichsschwingung von der ersten Stromschiene (3.1), über den ersten Stützkondensator (Co1), über die zweite Stromschiene (3.2), und über den zweiten Stützkondensator (Co2) zurück zur ersten Stromschiene (3.1). Der Nebenstromanteil fliesst also in den Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) in entgegengesetzter Richtung. Der niederfrequente Hauptstromanteil hingegen fliesst entweder nur in einer Stromschiene oder in beiden parallel.In the converter in question, the secondary current component flows as a high-frequency compensating oscillation from the first busbar (3.1), via the first backup capacitor (Co1), via the second busbar (3.2), and via the second backup capacitor (Co2) back to the first busbar (3.1). The secondary current component therefore flows in the busbars (3.1, 3.2) in the opposite direction. The low-frequency main current component, on the other hand, flows either only in one busbar or in parallel in both.
Dieser Umstand kann ausgenützt werden, indem die beiden Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) örtlich nahe beieinander und bezüglich einer dazwischen liegenden Mittelebene (7) spiegelsymmetrisch angeordnet werden. Da die Stromschienen ja aus zwei Teilen (8.1, 8.2) bestehen, konzentriert sich der Nebenstromanteil hauptsächlich in den Teilen (8.2), die sich unmittelbar gegenüber liegen. Der Kauptstromanteil hingegen ist im wesentlichen gleichverteilt bzw. konzentriert sich in den Teilen (8.1), welche von der Mittelebene (7) weiter entfernt sind, je nachdem ob der Hauptstromanteil nur in einem oder in beiden Stromschienen fliesst.This fact can be exploited by arranging the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) locally close to one another and mirror-symmetrically with respect to an intermediate plane (7). Since the busbars consist of two parts (8.1, 8.2), the secondary current component is mainly concentrated in the parts (8.2) that are directly opposite each other. The main current component, on the other hand, is essentially evenly distributed or concentrated in the parts (8.1), which are further away from the central plane (7), depending on whether the main current component flows only in one or in both busbars.
Insbesondere kann nun der Leitungsquerschnitt desjenigen Stromschienenteils (8.2), welcher dem Nebenstromanteil zugeordnet ist klein gemacht werden. Auf diese Weise wird der Nebenstromanteil wirksam gedämpft, ohne den Hauptstromanteil zu beeinflussen.In particular, the line cross-section of the busbar part (8.2) which is assigned to the secondary current part can now be made small. In this way, the sidestream portion is effectively damped without affecting the mainstream portion.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, welches in Figur 2 dargestellt ist, bestehen die Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) im wesentlichen aus zwei Schenkeln (5.1, 5.2). Diese Schenkel sind den Stromschienenteilen (8.1, 8.2) zugeordnet. Zusammen bilden sie ein L-förmiges Profil. Die beiden Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) werden im Umrichter nahe nebeneinander und bezügliche einer Mittelebene (7) spiegelsymmetrisch angeordnet. Dies ist in Figur 3 dargestellt. Die der Mittelebene (7) zugewandten Stromschienenteile (8.2) weisen aufgrund ihres L-förmigen Profils einen kleinen Leitungsquerschnitt auf, während die von der Mittelebene weiter entfernten, in der Figur 3 von oben nach unten verlaufenden Teile (8.1), einen relativ grossen Leitungsquerschnitt aufweisen.In a preferred exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIG. 2 , the busbars (3.1, 3.2) essentially consist of two legs (5.1, 5.2). These legs are assigned to the busbar parts (8.1, 8.2). Together they form an L-shaped profile. The two busbars (3.1, 3.2) are arranged close to each other and mirror-symmetrically with respect to a central plane (7). This is shown in Figure 3 . The busbar parts (8.2) facing the center plane (7) have a small line cross section due to their L-shaped profile, while the parts (8.1) which are further away from the center plane and run from top to bottom in FIG. 3 have a relatively large line cross section .
Zwei Stromschienen bilden zusammen ein unterbrochenes U-förmiges Profil. Bevorzugterweise wird der Spalt zwischen den beiden Stromschienen (3.1, 3.2) entlang der Mittelebene (7) mit einem Isolationskörper (6) ausgefüllt.Two busbars together form an interrupted U-shaped profile. The gap between the two busbars (3.1, 3.2) along the central plane (7) is preferably filled with an insulation body (6).
Im Betrieb konzentriert sich nun der Nebenstromanteil in den direkt gegenüberliegenden Schenkeln (5.2) der Stromschiene. Da diese aufgrund ihrer Form einen kleineren Leitungsquerschnitt auf als die von der Mittelebene (7) weiter entfernt liegenden Schenkel (5.1) aufweisen, wird der Nebenstromanteil wirksam gedämpft ohne dass der Hauptstromanteil beeinflusst wird.During operation, the bypass flow component is now concentrated in the legs (5.2) of the busbar directly opposite. Since these have a smaller line cross section due to their shape than the legs (5.1) which are further away from the central plane (7), the bypass flow component is effectively damped without influencing the main flow component.
Messungen und Simulationen haben diese räumliche Aufteilung der Haupt- und Nebenstromanteile in den Stromschienen eindrücklich nachgewiesen.Measurements and simulations have impressively demonstrated this spatial division of the main and secondary current components in the busbars.
Im folgenden ist jeweils nur eine Stromschiene dargestellt. Die zweite muss man sich spiegelsymmetrisch zum linken Bildrand, der Figuren 4 und 6 vorstellen. Dieser linke Bildrand stellt gleichzeitig die Mittelebene (7) dar.Only one conductor rail is shown below. The second must be imagined mirror-symmetrically to the left edge of the picture, Figures 4 and 6 . This left edge of the picture also represents the median plane (7).
In Figur 4 ist der qualitative Verlauf der magnetischen Feldlinien für parallel fliessende Ströme von 16.67 Hz dargestellt. Wie man anhand der Feldlinien und der daraus berechneten Stromdichten entlang der Achsen "1" und "2" deutlich sieht - in den Figuren 5a und 5b qualitativ dargestellt - ist der Hauptstromanteil im wesentlichen gleichverteilt. FIG. 4 shows the qualitative course of the magnetic field lines for parallel flowing currents of 16.67 Hz. As can clearly be seen from the field lines and the current densities calculated therefrom along the axes "1" and "2" - qualitatively shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b - the main current component is essentially equally distributed.
Ganz anders sieht es für entgegengesetzt fliessende Ströme von ca. 2.7 kHz aus. Diese Situation ist in den Figuren 6 und 7a,b dargestellt. Die Feldlinien für den Nebenstromanteil konzentrieren sich in dem Teil des Schenkels (5.2), welcher nahe der Mittelebene (7) liegt. Diese zeigt sich auch in der Stromdichtenverteilung entlang der Achsen "1" und "2": Der grösste Teil des hochfrequenten Schwingstromes konzentriert sich in dem Teil des Schenkels (5.2), welcher direkt bei der Mittelebene, bzw. direkt gegenüber der zweiten Stromschiene liegt.The situation is completely different for oppositely flowing currents of approx. 2.7 kHz. This situation is shown in Figures 6 and 7a, b . The field lines for the bypass flow portion are concentrated in the part of the leg (5.2) which is close to the central plane (7). This can also be seen in the current density distribution along the axes "1" and "2": The major part of the high-frequency oscillating current is concentrated in the part of the leg (5.2), which lies directly at the central plane or directly opposite the second busbar.
Bis anhin war immer von einem L-förmigen Profil die Rede; es ist aber auch denkbar, dass die Stromschienen z.B. ein T-förmiges Profil aufweisen. Gleichermassen kann derjenige Schenkel, welcher der Mittelebene zugewandt ist, auch ein abgeflachtes Profil aufweisen, so dass der Leitungsquerschnitt zur Mittelebene hin noch kleiner gemacht wird.Until now there has always been talk of an L-shaped profile; however, it is also conceivable that the busbars e.g. have a T-shaped profile. Likewise, the leg facing the central plane can also have a flattened profile, so that the line cross-section towards the central plane is made even smaller.
Insgesamt steht also mit der Erfindung eine Umrichterbrücke zur Verfügung, bei welcher die Dämpfung der hochfrequenten Ausgleichsströme unabhängig vom Hauptstromanteil eingestellt werden kann.Overall, the invention therefore provides a converter bridge in which the damping of the high-frequency compensating currents can be set independently of the main current component.
- 11
- UmrichterbrückeConverter bridge
- 2.1, 2.22.1, 2.2
- HalbbrückenHalf bridges
- 3.1, 3.23.1, 3.2
- StromschienenBusbars
- 44th
- Lastload
- 5.1, 5.25.1, 5.2
- Stromschienen-SchenkelTrack leg
- 66
- IsolationskörperInsulation body
- 77
- MittelebeneMiddle plane
- 8.1, 8.28.1, 8.2
- StromschienenteileTrack parts
- 99
- GleichspannungsquelleDC voltage source
- 10.1, 10.210.1, 10.2
- LastanschlüsseLoad connections
- |J|| J |
- Betrag der StromdichteAmount of current density
- dd
- Distanzdistance
- ++
- Plus-AnschlussPlus connection
- --
- Minus-AnschlussMinus connection
- Co1, Co2Co1, Co2
- StützkondensatorenSupport capacitors
- V1 - V4V1 - V4
- VentileValves
- D1 - D4D1 - D4
- FreilaufdiodenFree wheeling diodes
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4303317A DE4303317A1 (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-02-05 | Converter bridge |
| DE4303317 | 1993-02-05 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0609706A2 true EP0609706A2 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
| EP0609706A3 EP0609706A3 (en) | 1994-12-28 |
| EP0609706B1 EP0609706B1 (en) | 1997-03-26 |
Family
ID=6479709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94100751A Expired - Lifetime EP0609706B1 (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1994-01-20 | Converter bridge |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5375054A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0609706B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE150915T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4303317A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220109376A1 (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-07 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Half-bridge for an electric drive of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, power module for an inverter and inverter |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE171823T1 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-10-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | CONVERTER ARRANGEMENT WITH LOW INDUCTIVE COMMUTATING CIRCUIT |
| DE19719648A1 (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1998-11-12 | Abb Daimler Benz Transp | Power converter modules with a busbar system for power semiconductor switches |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0254911A1 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-02-03 | BBC Brown Boveri AG | Rectifier circuit and method for its controling |
| US5172310A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-12-15 | U.S. Windpower, Inc. | Low impedance bus for power electronics |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2317117A1 (en) * | 1973-04-05 | 1974-10-17 | Siemens Ag | HIGH PERFORMANCE CONVERTER |
| DE2739245C2 (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-08-16 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | High power converter |
| DE3214233A1 (en) * | 1982-04-17 | 1983-10-20 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Converter apparatus |
| DE3529182A1 (en) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-02-26 | Siemens Ag | High-current rectifier installation having semi-conductor valves |
| DE3603071A1 (en) * | 1986-02-01 | 1987-08-06 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | DC-AC CONVERTER WITH ASYMMETRIC SEMI-BRIDGE CIRCUIT |
| CA1296416C (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1992-02-25 | Robert A. Wilson | Busbar arrangement for a switchgear assembly |
| US5010471A (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-04-23 | Robert F. Frijouf | Three-phase AC-to-AC series resonant power converter with reduced number of switches |
| US5113337A (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1992-05-12 | General Electric Company | High power factor power supply |
| US5253157A (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-10-12 | Premier Power, Inc. | Half-bridge inverter with capacitive voltage equalizer |
| US5291383A (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-03-01 | Exide Electronics Corporation | Simplified UPS system |
| US5272591A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1993-12-21 | Square D Company | Protective cover for electrical bus bars |
-
1993
- 1993-02-05 DE DE4303317A patent/DE4303317A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-01-20 AT AT94100751T patent/ATE150915T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-20 EP EP94100751A patent/EP0609706B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-20 DE DE59402180T patent/DE59402180D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-07 US US08/192,624 patent/US5375054A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0254911A1 (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-02-03 | BBC Brown Boveri AG | Rectifier circuit and method for its controling |
| US5172310A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-12-15 | U.S. Windpower, Inc. | Low impedance bus for power electronics |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220109376A1 (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-07 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Half-bridge for an electric drive of an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, power module for an inverter and inverter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4303317A1 (en) | 1994-08-11 |
| US5375054A (en) | 1994-12-20 |
| ATE150915T1 (en) | 1997-04-15 |
| EP0609706A3 (en) | 1994-12-28 |
| EP0609706B1 (en) | 1997-03-26 |
| DE59402180D1 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
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