Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
  • G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
  • G03C7/32—Colour coupling substances
  • G03C7/3225—Combination of couplers of different kinds, e.g. yellow and magenta couplers in a same layer or in different layers of the photographic material

Definitions

• This invention relates to photographic elements and processes for developing such elements where the elements contain a combination of dye-forming couplers which render the resulting phototgraphic images less susceptible to variations in the developer solution parameters.
• EP 365,282 discloses the use of certain yellow dye-forming couplers (including 2-pivaloylacetanilides) in a single blue light sensitive layer to improve sensitivity to developer pH variations.
• Japanese published applications JO 2027-344-A and J0 2039-047 disclose a broad range of magenta, yellow, and cyan couplers for use to impart stability to elements, and in particular to print images. There is no suggestion of the process sensitivity advantages to be obtained using the combination of the invention.
• Us 4,748,107 discloses the combination of 2-pivaloylacetanilides, 3-anilino-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolones, and the different 2-carbonamidophenols as the yellow, magenta, and cyan dye-forming couplers, respectively, for improved color formation and reproducibility and for image stability in color paper products. None of these proposals provide a solution to the developer sensitivity problem.
• a photographic element which comprises at least one light sensitive silver halide layer sensitized to one or more of green, blue, and red light, and having associated therewith a 3-anilino-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone magenta dye-forming coupler, a two-equivalent trialkylacetyl-acetanilide yellow dye-forming coupler, and a 2-ureido-5-carbonamidophenol cyan dye-forming coupler.
• the invention also provides a process for forming an image from an exposed element as above described through contact with a color developing agent.
• the invention thus provides photographic images which are more consistent for color density balance and contrast balance regardless of developer parameters which therefore enables the photofinisher the opportunity to print the color negative to a correct color balance.
• This invention also enables photofinishers to maintain the same exposure parameters on automatic printers even as change or variability occurs in the development process due to developer bath variations.
• the magenta dye-forming coupler is represented by formula I
• the yellow dye-forming coupler is represented by formula II
• the cyan dye-forming coupler is represented by formula III: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, cyano, nitro, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, carbonamido, carbamoyl, sulfonamido, sulfamoyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy, and acyl groups; each R is independently a substituent with r being 0 to 2 and s being 0 to 3 and X is a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio or alkylthio group; wherein R5 and R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl
• substituent unless otherwise specifically stated, has a broad definition.
• the substituent may be, for example, halogen, such as chlorine, bromine or fluorine; nitro; hydroxyl; cyano; and -CO2H and its salts; and groups which may be further substituted, such as alkyl, including straight or branched chain alkyl, such as methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, t -butyl, 3-(2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) propyl, and tetradecyl; alkenyl, such as ethylene, 2-butene; alkoxy, such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, sec -butoxy, hexyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, tetradecyloxy 2-(2,4-di- t -pentylphenoxy)ethoxy, and 2-dodecyl
• the particular substituents used may be selected to attain the desired photographic properties for a specific application and can include, for example, hydrophobic groups, solubilizing groups, blocking groups, etc.
• the above groups and substituents thereof may typically include those having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and usually less than 24 carbon atoms, but greater numbers are possible depending on the particular substituents selected.
• the substituents may themselves be suitably substituted with any of the above groups.
• the R1 group is preferably chlorine or alkoxy of up to 8 carbon atoms.
• R2 is preferably carbonamido, sulfamoyl or sulfonamido.
• the coupling-off group X is an alkylthio or arylthio group.
• the coupling-off group can suitably have the formula: wherein R3 and R4 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, carboxyl, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, carbonamido, ureido, carbamate, sulfonamido, carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, and amino groups; q is 0 to 4; and R4 may be para and/or meta to the sulfur atom. It is preferred that R3 have at least one carbon atom and that the total number of carbon atoms in R3 and R4 together be from 4 to 25.
• the yellow dye-forming coupler II also has certain preferred embodiments.
• the R5 substituent is typically chlorine or alkoxy of up to 8 carbon atoms.
• the R6 substituent is preferably carbonamido, sulfamoyl, or sulfonamido.
• Y is suitably an aryloxy coupling-off group.
• R7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, carbonamido, carbamoyl, sulfonamido, sulfamoyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, acyloxy, and acyl groups and each R t is independently a substituent with t being 0 to 4.
• R7 is arylsulfonyl.
• Y may be represented by the formula: wherein W is -O-, -S-, -N(R C )-, or -C(R D )(R E )-; R A is H, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, or phenoxy; R B and R E are independently H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; R C is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or phenyl; and R D is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy.
• W is -NR D ;
• R A is H, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy;
• R B is H; and
• R C is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.
• R A is -OC2H5
• R B is H and R C is -CH2-phenyl.
• W is -C(R D )(R E ) with R A , R B , R D , and R E defined as above.
• cyan dye-forming coupler it is preferred that at least one (R) p be present.
• examples are cyano in the 4-position and cyano in the 3-position and Cl in the 4-position.
• R8 is suitably of the formula wherein R9 and R10 are substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of up to 16 carbon atoms and R is a substituent with u being 0 to 3.
• Z is typically hydrogen or aryloxy.
• the materials of the invention can be used in any of the ways and in any of the combinations known in the art.
• the invention materials are incorporated in a silver halide emulsion and the emulsion coated as a layer on a support to form part of a photographic element.
• they can be incorporated at a location adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer where, during development, they will be in reactive association with development products such as oxidized color developing agent.
• the term "associated" signifies that the compound is in the silver halide emulsion layer or in an adjacent location where, during processing, it is capable of reacting with silver halide development products.
• ballast groups include substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl groups containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms.
• substituents on such groups include alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, hydroxy, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxcarbonyl, carboxy, acyl, acyloxy, amino, anilino, carbonamido, carbamoyl, alkylsulfonyl, arysulfonyl, sulfonamido, and sulfamoyl groups wherein the substituents typically contain 1 to 40 carbon atoms. Such substituents can also be further substituted.
• the photographic elements can be single color elements or multicolor elements.
• Multicolor elements contain image dye-forming units sensitive to each of the three primary regions of the spectrum.
• Each unit can comprise a single emulsion layer or multiple emulsion layers sensitive to a given region of the spectrum.
• the layers of the element, including the layers of the image-forming units, can be arranged in various orders as known in the art.
• the emulsions sensitive to each of the three primary regions of the spectrum can be disposed as a single segmented layer.
• a typical multicolor photographic element comprises a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprised of at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, and a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler.
• the element can contain additional layers, such as filter layers, interlayers, overcoat layers, subbing layers, and the like.
• the photographic element can be used in conjunction with an applied magnetic layer as described in Research Disclosure , November 1992, Item 34390 published by Kenneth Mason Publications, Ltd., Dudley Annex, 12a North Street, Emsworth, Hampshire P010 7DQ, ENGLAND.
• the silver halide emulsions employed in the elements of this invention can be either negative-working or positive-working. Suitable emulsions and their preparation as well as methods of chemical and spectral sensitization are described in Sections I through IV. Color materials and development modifiers are described in Sections V and XXI. Vehicles are described in Section IX, and various additives such as brighteners, antifoggants, stabilizers, light absorbing and scattering materials, hardeners, coating aids, plasticizers, lubricants and matting agents are described , for example, in Sections V, VI, VIII, X, XI, XII, and XVI. Manufacturing methods are described in Sections XIV and XV, other layers and supports in Sections XIII and XVII, processing methods and agents in Sections XIX and XX, and exposure alternatives in Section XVIII.
• Coupling-off groups are well known in the art. Such groups can determine the chemical equivalency of a coupler, i.e., whether it is a 2-equivalent or a 4-equivalent coupler, or modify the reactivity of the coupler. Such groups can advantageously affect the layer in which the coupler is coated, or other layers in the photographic recording material, by performing, after release from the coupler, functions such as dye formation, dye hue adjustment, development acceleration or inhibition, bleach acceleration or inhibition, electron transfer facilitation, color correction and the like.
• the presence of hydrogen at the coupling site provides a 4-equivalent coupler, and the presence of another coupling-off group provides a 2-equivalent coupler.
• Representative classes of such coupling-off groups include, for example, chloro, alkoxy, aryloxy, hetero-oxy, sulfonyloxy, acyloxy, acyl, heterocyclyl, sulfonamido, mercaptotetrazole, benzothiazole, mercaptopropionic acid, phosphonyloxy, arylthio, and arylazo.
• couplers any of which may contain known ballasts or coupling-off groups such as those described in U.S. Patent 4,301,235; U.S. Patent 4,853,319 and U.S. Patent 4,351,897.
• the coupler may also be used in association with "wrong" colored couplers (e.g. to adjust levels of interlayer correction) and, in color negative applications, with masking couplers such as those described in EP 213.490; Japanese Published Application 58-172,647; U.S. Patent 2,983,608; German Application DE 2,706,117C; U.K. Patent 1,530,272; Japanese Application A-113935; U.S. Patents 4,070,191 and 4,273,861; and German Application DE 2,643,965.
• the masking couplers may be shifted or blocked.
• the invention materials may also be used in association with materials that accelerate or otherwise modify the processing steps e.g. of bleaching or fixing to improve the quality of the image.
• Bleach accelerator releasing couplers such as those described in EP 193,389; EP 301,477; U.S. 4,163,669; U.S. 4,865,956; and U.S. 4,923,784, may be useful.
• Also contemplated is use of the compositions in association with nucleating agents, development accelerators or their precursors (UK Patent 2,097,140; U.K. Patent 2,131,188); electron transfer agents (U.S. 4,859,578; U.S.
• antifogging and anti color-mixing agents such as derivatives of hydroquinones, aminophenols, amines, gallic acid; catechol; ascorbic acid; hydrazides; sulfonamidophenols; and non color-forming couplers.
• the invention materials may be substituted in whole or in part in the layers of a color negative photographic element comprising a support bearing the following layers from top to bottom:
• the invention materials may also be used in combination with filter dye layers comprising colloidal silver sol or yellow, cyan, and/or magenta filter dyes, either as oil-in-water dispersions, latex dispersions or as solid particle dispersions. Additionally, they may be used with "smearing" couplers (e.g. as described in U.S. 4,366,237; EP 96,570; U.S. 4,420,556; and U.S. 4,543,323.) Also, the compositions may be blocked or coated in protected form as described, for example, in Japanese Application 61/258,249 or U.S. 5,019,492.
• the invention materials may further be used in combination with image-modifying compounds such as "Developer Inhibitor-Releasing” compounds (DIR's).
• DIR's useful in conjunction with the compositions of the invention are known in the art and examples are described in U.S. Patent Nos.
• DIR Couplers for Color Photography
• C.R. Barr J.R. Thirtle and P.W. Vittum in Photographic Science and Engineering , Vol. 13, p. 174 (1969)
• the developer inhibitor-releasing (DIR) couplers include a coupler moiety and an inhibitor coupling-off moiety (IN).
• the inhibitor-releasing couplers may be of the time-delayed type (DIAR couplers) which also include a timing moiety or chemical switch which produces a delayed release of inhibitor.
• inhibitor moieties are: oxazoles, thiazoles, diazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, oxathiazoles, thiatriazoles, benzotriazoles, tetrazoles, benzimidazoles, indazoles, isoindazoles, mercaptotetrazoles, selenotetrazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, selenobenzothiazoles, mercaptobenzoxazoles, selenobenzoxazoles, mercaptobenzimidazoles, selenobenzimidazoles, benzodiazoles, mercaptooxazoles, mercaptothiadiazoles, mercaptothiazoles, mercaptotriazoles, mercaptooxadiazoles, mercaptodiazoles, mercaptooxathiazoles, telleurotetrazoles or benz
• the inhibitor moiety or group is selected from the following formulas: wherein R I is selected from the group consisting of straight and branched alkyls of from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, benzyl, phenyl, and alkoxy groups and such groups containing none, one or more than one such substituent; R II is selected from R I and -SR I ; R III is a straight or branched alkyl group of from 1 to about 5 carbon atoms and m is from 1 to 3; and R IV is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens and alkoxy, phenyl and carbonamido groups, -COOR V and - NHCOOR V wherein R V is selected from substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and aryl groups.
• the coupler moiety included in the developer inhibitor-releasing coupler forms an image dye corresponding to the layer in which it is located, it may also form a different color as one associated with a different film layer. It may also be useful that the coupler moiety included in the developer inhibitor-releasing coupler forms colorless products and/or products that wash out of the photographic material during processing (so-called "universal" couplers).
• the developer inhibitor-releasing coupler may include a timing group which produces the time-delayed release of the inhibitor group such as groups utilizing the cleavage reaction of a hemiacetal (U.S. 4,146,396, Japanese Applications 60-249148; 60-249149); groups using an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction (U.S. 4,248,962); groups utilizing an electron transfer reaction along a conjugated system (U.S. 4,409,323; 4,421,845; Japanese Applications 57-188035; 58-98728; 58-209736; 58-209738) groups utilizing ester hydrolysis (German Patent Application (OLS) No.
• a timing group which produces the time-delayed release of the inhibitor group such as groups utilizing the cleavage reaction of a hemiacetal (U.S. 4,146,396, Japanese Applications 60-249148; 60-249149); groups using an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction (U.S. 4,248,962); groups utilizing an electron
• timing group or moiety is of one of the formulas: wherein IN is the inhibitor moiety, Z is selected from the group consisting of nitro, cyano, alkylsulfonyl; sulfamoyl (-SO2NR2); and sulfonamido (-NRSO2R) groups; n is 0 or 1; and R VI is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and phenyl groups.
• the oxygen atom of each timing group is bonded to the coupling-off position of the respective coupler moiety of the DIAR.
• T average tabularity
• the average useful ECD of photographic emulsions can range up to about 10 microns, although in practice emulsion ECD's seldom exceed about 4 microns. Since both photographic speed and granularity increase with increasing ECD's, it is generally preferred to employ the smallest tabular grain ECD's compatible with achieving aim speed requirements.
• Emulsion tabularity increases markedly with reductions in tabular grain thickness. It is generally preferred that aim tabular grain projected areas be satisfied by thin (t ⁇ 0.2 micron) tabular grains. To achieve the lowest levels of granularity it is preferred that aim tabular grain projected areas be satisfied with ultrathin (t ⁇ 0.06 micron) tabular grains. Tabular grain thicknesses typically range down to about 0.02 micron. However, still lower tabular grain thicknesses are contemplated. For example, Daubendiek et al U.S. Patent 4,672,027 reports a 3 mole percent iodide tabular grain silver bromoiodide emulsion having a grain thickness of 0.017 micron.
• tabular grains of less than the specified thickness account for at least 50 percent of the total grain projected area of the emulsion.
• tabular grains satisfying the stated thickness criterion account for the highest conveniently attainable percentage of the total grain projected area of the emulsion.
• tabular grains satisfying the stated thickness criteria above account for at least 70 percent of the total grain projected area.
• tabular grains satisfying the thickness criteria above account for at least 90 percent of total grain projected area.
• Suitable tabular grain emulsions can be selected from among a variety of conventional teachings, such as those of the following: Research Disclosure, Item 22534, January 1983, published by Kenneth Mason Publications, Ltd., Emsworth, Hampshire P010 7DD, England; U.S. Patent Nos.
• the emulsions can be surface-sensitive emulsions, i.e., emulsions that form latent images primarily on the surfaces of the silver halide grains, or the emulsions can form internal latent images predominantly in the interior of the silver halide grains.
• the emulsions can be negative-working emulsions, such as surface-sensitive emulsions or unfogged internal latent image-forming emulsions, or direct-positive emulsions of the unfogged, internal latent image-forming type, which are positive-working when development is conducted with uniform light exposure or in the presence of a nucleating agent.
• Photographic elements can be exposed to actinic radiation, typically in the visible region of the spectrum, to form a latent image and can then be processed to form a visible dye image.
• Processing to form a visible dye image includes the step of contacting the element with a color developing agent to reduce developable silver halide and oxidize the color developing agent. Oxidized color developing agent in turn reacts with the coupler to yield a dye.
• the processing step described above provides a negative image.
• the described elements can be processed in the known C-41 color process as described in The British Journal of Photography Annual of 1982, pages 209 - 211 and 1988, pages 191-198.
• the color development step can be preceded by development with a non-chromogenic developing agent to develop exposed silver halide, but not form dye, and followed by uniformly fogging the element to render unexposed silver halide developable.
• a direct positive emulsion can be employed to obtain a positive image.
• Preferred color developing agents are p-phenylenediamines such as: 4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride, 4-amino-3-methyl-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride, 4-amino-3-methyl-N-ethyl-N-(b-(methanesulfonamido) ethyl)aniline sesquisulfate hydrate, 4-amino-3-methyl-N-ethyl-N-(b-hydroxyethyl)aniline sulfate, 4-amino-3-b-(methanesulfonamido)ethyl-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride and 4-amino-N-ethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-m-toluidine di-p-toluene sulfonic acid.
• Development is usually followed by the conventional steps of bleaching, fixing, or bleach-fixing, to remove silver or silver halide, washing, and drying.
• any reference to a substituent by the identification of a group containing a substitutable hydrogen e.g. alkyl, amine, aryl, alkoxy, heterocyclic, etc.
• a substitutable hydrogen e.g. alkyl, amine, aryl, alkoxy, heterocyclic, etc.
• the substituent will have less than 30 carbon atoms and typically less than 20 carbon atoms.
• a cellulose triacetate film support was coated with the following layers, in sequence (coverages are in grams per meter squared) in order to prepare Photographic Sample 101:
• This film was hardened at coating with 1.75% by weight of total gelatin of hardener H-1.
• Surfactants, coating aids, oxidized developer scavengers, soluble absorber dyes and stabilizers were added to the various layers of this sample as is commonly practiced in the art.
• Photographic Sample 102 was prepared like Photographic Sample 101 except for changes in Layers 6, 7, and 8.
• Magenta dye-forming couplers M-Comp-1 and M-Comp-2 were omitted in all three layers and replaced with magenta dye-forming coupler M-1.
• Photographic Sample 103 was prepared like Photographic Sample 102 except for changes in Layers 6, 7, & 8. In all three layers, the level of M-1 was reduced and magenta dye-forming coupler M-Comp-1 was added.
• the blended couplers provided about 75 mol % of the comparison pyrazolotriazole coupler to 25 mol % of the magenta coupler of the invention.
• the resulting film examples were exposed through a graduated step wedge to a light source at 5500 deg K.
• the exposed elements were processed in a standard C-41 process (as described in the British Journal of Photography Annual, 1988, pages 196-198) for the typical response to the C-41 process and also processed through 8 variations of the C-41 developer to determine sensitivity of the elements to these variations.
• the 8 variations are arrived at by independently varying three separate developer parameters from standard conditions in order to determine the effect of the variation on a selected photographic property.
• the standard condition for the developer was: A. color developer concentration 4.5 g/l B. developer pH 10.05 C. bromide concentration 1.3 g/l
• the above parameters were then varied as follows: Test A B C 1* 4.5 10.05 1.3 2 3.5 9.95 0.8 3 5.5 9.95 0.8 4 3.5 10.15 0.8 5 5.5 10.15 0.8 6 3.5 9.95 1.8 7 5.5 9.95 1.8 8 3.5 10.15 1.8 9 5.5 10.15 1.8 * This is the target or normal value of each of the parameters.
• the sensitivity estimates it is desirable for the sensitivity estimates to approach zero for all developer components and to be as closely matched Red-to-Green-to-Blue as possible.
• the data indicate the invention provides an improvement in this regard for sensitivity to both Br- and pH variations while maintaining a well-balanced response to CD-4.
• This example also demonstrates that when the comparison pyrazolotriazole coupler is used in combination with the coupler of the invention in a mol ratio of 3 : 1, respectively, the desired response is not obtained.
• the improvement is not realized when a pyrazolotriazole coupler is included in an amount exceeding the molar concentration of the invention coupler.
• the element is substantially free of the pyrazozotriazole coupler.

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• 1994
  • 1994-01-27 EP EP94200186A patent/EP0608956A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-01-31 JP JP6009598A patent/JPH06295041A/ja active Pending

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