EP0607932B1 - Screen-like drainage elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The press is used for pressing out substances containing liquids, i.e. agricultural products, especially grape must and fruit pulp, and has a pressing container 1 which can rotate about its horizontal longitudinal axis. A shell-like diaphragm 4 is used as a pressing-out element and the fastening plane 3 of the said diaphragm 4 intersects the rotary spindle 2 and separates the pressure medium chamber from the pressing chamber. Juice channels 5 are situated in the pressing chamber, extend over the entire length of the container and are connected to a screening plate 6. The juice channels 5, 7 and/or the screening plate 6 are composed of a gap 7, the gap profile becoming narrower, i.e. the gap widening as it approaches the juice outlet. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to sieve-shaped drainage elements in a press for pressing out liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural products, in particular grape and fruit mash with a fixed and / or rotatable press container, that one or more flexible and / or elastic press membranes are provided as the press-out member, which form the container divide into a pressure medium and press room and that juice channels and sieve elements are arranged in the press room.

The most varied embodiments of such presses provided with a press membrane are known, for example in a first embodiment (DE-A-3 543 135) an elongated cylindrical container can rotate about its horizontal longitudinal axis. A bowl-shaped membrane is arranged in the interior of the container, the fastening plane of which runs parallel to a plane through the axis of rotation and in particular coincides with the plane through the axis of rotation. There are juice channels in the press chamber, which run approximately parallel to the axis of rotation and which are attached to the inner wall of the container. Additional screen plates are arranged on one or both end faces. In another press of this type, individual juice channels are arranged between a filling lid and the opposite side, both the lid and these individual juice channels being made of sieve plate. Also known is a press in which the cylindrical container extends transversely to the horizontal axis of rotation, a drainage element extending over the entire length being arranged in the interior of the press space, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the container. This drainage element is made of sieve sheet.

The main disadvantage of these known designs of the sieve-shaped drainage elements is that, for reasons of stability and production, only a small one Juice drainage area is available, which is in the order of about six to seven percent of the total juice channel area. Another disadvantage is that these juicing elements are rolled from flat sheet metal into tubes, which means that inaccuracies in terms of roundness have to be accepted. Furthermore, the necessary stability can only be achieved with increased effort. The gap widths are determined by the punching technique.

Furthermore, a filter press for squeezing water or other liquids out of sludge or similar products is known, slotted screens being used as the filter element, which are composed of individual parallel bars that are welded together. This results in a maximum distance of 1 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1µ. Such slotted sieves are not suitable for pressing out agricultural products, in particular grape and fruit mash, since a defined distance of 1 to 1.5 mm is required for such sieves, the high forces resulting from the pressing process not being sufficient with such slotted sieve designs let dominate.

The invention has for its object to design drainage elements in such a way that an economical and technical implementation of the wedge wire technology for presses for pressing out agricultural products, in particular grape and fruit mash, is achieved and the forces acting on the elements are well controllable.

This object is achieved according to the invention according to a first embodiment in that, in the case of a press container in the shape of a cylinder, polygon or ball, the juice channels and the sieve elements consist of slotted sieves which are connected with the aid of support rods or support rings and that the gap profile for the juice drain reduced, ie the gap widens in that the gap profile has a trapezoidal and / or conical cross section.

The object is achieved according to the invention according to a second embodiment in that in a press container in an elongated cylindrical shape, the longitudinal axis of which is arranged vertically or horizontally or runs vertically or horizontally to the axis of rotation, the juice channels and the sieve elements consist of slotted sieves which are made with the help of are connected by support rods or support rings and that the gap profile decreases towards the juice drain, ie the gap widens, in that the gap profile has a trapezoidal and / or conical cross section.

An advantageous embodiment is that the gap profile has a section with parallel head flanks and then merges into a conical section.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the gap profiles can extend in the direction of juice drainage (axial arrangement of the filter surface).

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the gap profiles are wound spirally (radial arrangement of the filter surface).

It is also advantageous that the filter surface is on the inside or outside of the pipe.

The invention has the advantage that the free juice drainage area is considerably larger and is about 35 percent of the total juice drainage area. The sieve settles even with difficult mash, i.e. not so easy with slimy and greasy mash. Furthermore, there is a better filter effect, so that less turbidity can be found. The production of such drainage elements is associated with less effort and the mechanical strength of the elements is also improved. The gap widths can be changed continuously. As a result of the structural designs given with such slotted sieves, the surface tension of the liquid is better taken into account than with punched sieves with circular and elongated holes.

The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1

eine schaubildliche Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Membranpresse,

Fig. 2

eine schaubildliche Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer solchen Presse,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine solche Presse gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform,

Fig. 4

eine schaubildliche Ansicht eines flachen Spaltsiebes,

Figuren 5 und 6

eine erste Ausführungsform für die Ausgestaltung eines zylindrischen Saftkanales in Grund- und Aufriß,

Figuren 7 und 8

eine weitere Ausführungsform eines solchen zylindrischen Saftkanales in Grund- und Aufriß,

Figuren 9 und 10

die Ausgestaltung eines weiteren zylindrischen Saftkanals in Grund- und Aufriß,

Figuren 11 und 12

ein letztes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Ausgestaltung eines solchen zylindrischen Entsaftungskanals in Grund- und Aufriß und

Figuren 13 bis 17

verschiedene vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Spaltprofile im Querschnitt.

Show it,

Fig. 1

2 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a membrane press,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of another embodiment of such a press,

Fig. 3

2 shows a sectional view through such a press according to a further embodiment,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a flat slotted screen,

Figures 5 and 6

a first embodiment for the design of a cylindrical juice channel in plan and elevation,

Figures 7 and 8

another embodiment of such a cylindrical juice channel in plan and elevation,

Figures 9 and 10

the design of a further cylindrical juice channel in plan and elevation,

Figures 11 and 12

a last embodiment for the design of such a cylindrical juicing channel in plan and elevation and

Figures 13 to 17

different advantageous embodiments of the gap profiles in cross section.

The press shown in Fig. 1 has a cylindrical elongated press container 1, in the mounting plane 3 through the axis of rotation 2 a shell-shaped membrane 4 is fixed, which separates the pressure medium chamber from the press chamber. In this press room there are juice channels 5 which extend over the entire length of the container and are connected to a sieve plate 6. In addition, further channels 7 extending transversely thereto can be attached to the container wall.

The screen plate 6 arranged on the front side and the juice channels 5, 7 are produced according to the invention from such split screens.

In the further press shown in FIG. 2, the container opening 8 can be closed by a curved sieve cover 9. Furthermore, individual juice channels 10 are arranged in the interior of the container space, which are arranged in the diameter range of the press container 1. These juice channels can have a circular, oval or polygonal cross section.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical press container 1 extends transversely to its axis of rotation 11, with such a juice channel 13 being installed in alignment with its longitudinal axis 12, the cylindrical region 14 and the lower conical region 15 of which are provided with a slotted screen as a sieve body .

FIG. 4 shows the general configuration of such a flat slotted screen, which consists of parallel slotted profiles 16 which are connected with the aid of support rods 17. For the application of the sieve-shaped juicing elements, the trapezoidal shape of the gap profiles 16 is advantageous, the gap between the profiles 16 expanding from the squeezing side 18 to the juice drainage side 19. Such flat slotted screens are particularly suitable for screen plates 6 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 or for juice channels assembled into a polygon. It is advantageous here if the gap profiles 16 extend in the juice drainage direction, so that the juice obtained during the squeezing out can flow off directly without hindrance.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6, a circular cross-section, i.e. cylindrical juice channel shown, the gap profile 20 is wound spirally and is held by means of support rods 21. This embodiment is particularly suitable for cylindrical juice channels, as are used, for example, in the press according to FIG. 3 and the juice channel 13 there or also for the juice channels 10 according to FIG. 2.

A further variant results in the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the gap profiles 22 extending axially there and being held together with the aid of the circumferential support rings 23. The mass to be pressed is located in the space 24, the gap between the profiles 22 widening outwards.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the filter surface is arranged on the outside, this embodiment otherwise corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8.

Finally, the embodiment according to FIGS. 11 and 12 shows a cylindrical body, in which the split profile 20 is wound spirally in accordance with the representations in FIGS. 5 and 6 and as support rods 21 internally attached U-profiles are provided. The number and spacing of these U-profiles can be adapted to the used conditions.

FIGS. 13 to 17 show advantageous embodiments for the design of such gap profiles, the gap in the embodiment according to FIG. 13 initially widening from the filter surface 25 with a large conicity and then running downwards with a lower conicity, whereby through the large conicity below the passage opening a particularly good drainage is achieved.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 14, the gap runs in a uniform conicity, the gap widening due to wear being small.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15, the profile in the wear zone has an extremely low taper, which largely prevents a substantial widening of the gap due to wear.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 16, a profile is shown in which, starting from the filter surface 25, the profile is first provided with parallel head flanks, the gap then becoming larger and then larger extended taper. This profile shape is advantageous for heavily abrasive screenings.

The gap profile shown in FIG. 17 is intended for large gap widths with parallel head flanks and subsequent taper.

Claims (6)

1. Screen-like drainage elements in a press for pressing out liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural products, in Particular grape mash and fruit mash, having a fixed and/or a rotatable pressing container (1), in that there are provided as the pressing-out member one or more flexible and/or resilient pressing membranes (4) which divide the container (1) into a pressurized-medium chamber and a pressing chamber, and in that juice channels (5, 7, 10, 13) and screen elements (6) are arranged in the pressing chamber, characterized in that, in a cylindrical, polygonal or spherical pressing container (1) the juice channels (5, 7, 10, 13) and the screen elements (6) comprise bar screens which are connected with the aid of supporting rods (17, 21) or supporting rings (23), and in that the bar profile (16, 20, 22) becomes smaller towards the juice run-off point, that is to say the gap widens, in that the bar profile (16, 20, 22) has a trapezoidal and/or conical cross-section.
2. Screen-like drainage elements in a press for pressing out liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural products, in particular grape mash and fruit mash, having a fixed and/or a rotatable pressing container (1), in that there are provided as the pressing-out member one or more flexible and/or resilient pressing membranes (4) which divide the container (1) into a pressurized-medium chamber and a pressing chamber, and in that juice channels (5, 7, 10, 13) and screen elements (6) are arranged in the pressing chamber, characterized in that, in an elongate cylindrical pressing container (1) whereof the longitudinal axis (12) is arranged vertically or horizontally or runs vertically or horizontally in relation to the axis of rotation (2, 11), the juice channels (5, 7, 10, 13) and the screen elements (6) comprise bar screens which are connected with the aid of supporting rods (17, 21) or supporting rings (23), and in that the bar profile (16, 20, 22) becomes smaller towards the juice run-off point, that is to say the gap widens, in that the bar profile (16, 20, 22) has a trapezoidal and/or conical cross-section.
3. Screen-like drainage elements according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bar profile (16, 20, 22) has a section having parallel top edges and then passes over into a conical section.
4. Screen-like drainage elements according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bar profiles (16, 22) extend in the direction in which the juice runs off.
5. Screen-like drainage elements according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bar profiles (16, 20, 22) are coiled round in a helical shape.
6. Screen-like drainage elements according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filter surface (25) is on the inside and/or the outside of the tube.

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