EP0604664A1 - Procede d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres metaux - Google Patents

Procede d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres metaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604664A1
EP0604664A1 EP93915027A EP93915027A EP0604664A1 EP 0604664 A1 EP0604664 A1 EP 0604664A1 EP 93915027 A EP93915027 A EP 93915027A EP 93915027 A EP93915027 A EP 93915027A EP 0604664 A1 EP0604664 A1 EP 0604664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
anode
electrolysis
metals
aluminium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93915027A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0604664A4 (fr
Inventor
Albert Ivanovich Begunov
Viktor Nikolaevich Kulkov
Jury Dmitrievich Lozovoi
Sergei Arkadievich Kokhanovsky
Viktor Vladimirovich Novoselov
Fedor Konstantinovich Teplyakov
Nikolai Andreevich Cheremisin
Mikhail Pavlovich Petukhov
Alexandr Nikolaevich Novikov
Jury Vasilievich Kulikov
Leonid Yakovlevich Bezyazykov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TOVARISCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTJU "MEZHOTRASLEVOI STENTR PROBLEM EKOLOGII EFFEKTIVNOSTI PROIZVODSTVA ALJUMINIA"
Original Assignee
TOVARISCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTJU "MEZHOTRASLEVOI STENTR PROBLEM EKOLOGII EFFEKTIVNOSTI PROIZVODSTVA ALJUMINIA"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU5050128 external-priority patent/RU2032773C1/ru
Application filed by TOVARISCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTJU "MEZHOTRASLEVOI STENTR PROBLEM EKOLOGII EFFEKTIVNOSTI PROIZVODSTVA ALJUMINIA" filed Critical TOVARISCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTJU "MEZHOTRASLEVOI STENTR PROBLEM EKOLOGII EFFEKTIVNOSTI PROIZVODSTVA ALJUMINIA"
Publication of EP0604664A1 publication Critical patent/EP0604664A1/fr
Publication of EP0604664A4 publication Critical patent/EP0604664A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to the technique of producing metals by electrolysis. More specifically, it relates to the methods of producing metals by electrolysis while using the liquid-metallic cathode.
  • liquid-metallic cathode in electrolytic cells is combined with the use of the anodes, the working surface of which is horizontal and faces downwards. Under such a surface there forms a powerful gas-liquid flow and the efficiency of modern electrolytic cells with the liquid-metallic cathode depends on the solution of the problem of controlling the gas fluid dynamics of the electrolysis.
  • Some other solutions envisage different kinds of devices for the continuous feed of alumina to electrolytic cells without the breakage of the electrolyte crust or only with the partial one.
  • the technique comprising the frequent breakage of the electrolyte crust is accompanied by a periodic loss of the tightness of a cell and an additional escape of fluoric hydrogen, aluminium and sodium fluorides.
  • the aim of this invention is to raise the efficiency of the electrolysis.
  • Another problem being solved by this invention is the simplification of the feeding process and feeding devices. It is suggested to feed a cell by means of periodic vertical movements of the anode. The alumina is poured down into the electrolyte through the slot along the perimeter of the anode.
  • the alumina When the alumina stays on the unbroken crust for a long time, it may loose some of its absorptivity. To avoid this, the whole crust may by periodically, say once every 5-10 days, broken by the conventional method and large quantities of fresh alumina may by fed to a cell.
  • the fields of the electrolyte velocities were studied on the physical model of a vertical cross-cut of a H.Z. aluminium electrolytic cell when the anode width is 2m, the anodic current density is 6920 A/m2, the levels of the electrolyte are 20 and 8cm for the IPD of 6cm.
  • Table 1 Solutions compared Electrolyte level Maximum averaged velocity mm/sec Horizontal dimension on the vortex mm cm fractions of the IPD Conventional 20 3.33 200 350-400 Suggested 8 1.33 100 100-150
  • Table 2 The data given in Table 2 was obtained in the electrolysis of the system, comprising lead and potassium chlorides, with the lead cathode and the graphite anode at a temperature of 700°C, a cathode current density of 0.5A/cm2, the IPD of 2cm and the anode width of 160mm.
  • Table 2 Solutions compared Electrolyte level Lead output current efficiency % Cm fractions of the IPD Conventional 12 6.0 68 ⁇ 3 Suggested 3 1.5 97 ⁇ 3
  • the use of the minimum levels of the electrolyte allows to minimize the metal loss and raise the current efficiency to the maximum values.
  • the data quite agrees with the correlation, well known in the aluminium industry, between the current efficiency and the quantity of metal in a cell. With a given depth of the bath, the increase in the level of metal leads to the decrease of the level of electrolyte. It is due to the latter factor that the metal loss is reduced. The greatest effect can be achieved by employing the suggested solution.
  • Such a vertical displacement of the anode was performed twice a shift, i.e.,once every 3 hours.
  • the alumina was, thus, fed into a cell through the slot being formed between the bell-shaped gas collector and the crust and through a few number of local cavings of the electrolyte crust.
  • the slot and cavings were made tight by pouring the alumina over them.
  • the frequency of anodic effects on the tested baths during a week was 0.25 per day while on the control ones it was 1.7, which proves a high efficiency of the suggested solution. There were no cases of accumulation and formation of the sediments on the cell bottom.
  • the redistribution of the alumina feeding over the whole perimeter of the anode allows to maintain the minimum levels of the electrolyte.
  • the industrial applicability of the invention to be patented is determined by the fact that its introduction does not require any essential design changes in the cells being used now. No additional devices are needed either to maintain the electrolyte level or to feed cells.
  • the vertical movements of the anode for feeding raw materials into a cell can be realised through the conventional devices for regulating the anode position.
  • the H.Z. and V.Z. baths can reach a 92-95 per cent current efficiency, i.e., the values obtained on the most recent P.A. cells. If the invention is introduced in the latter type of cells, the current efficiency can be raised to 96-98 per cent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres métaux par électrolyse au moyen d'une cathode liquide et d'une anode horizontale. Afin d'augmenter le rendement et la pureté écologique du procédé, on maintient le niveau de l'électrolyte égal à une à deux fois la distance interpolaire. L'acheminement de la matière première à l'électrolyte s'effectue au moyen de mouvements verticaux de l'anode.
EP93915027A 1992-06-30 1993-06-18 Procede d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres metaux. Withdrawn EP0604664A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU5050128 1992-06-30
SU5050128 RU2032773C1 (ru) 1992-06-30 1992-06-30 Способ получения алюминия
PCT/RU1993/000135 WO1994000621A1 (fr) 1992-06-30 1993-06-18 Procede d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres metaux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604664A1 true EP0604664A1 (fr) 1994-07-06
EP0604664A4 EP0604664A4 (fr) 1995-01-25

Family

ID=26653631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93915027A Withdrawn EP0604664A4 (fr) 1992-06-30 1993-06-18 Procede d'obtention d'aluminium et d'autres metaux.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0604664A4 (fr)
NO (1) NO940667L (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5708075A (en) * 1996-12-30 1998-01-13 Dow Corning Corporation Silicone release coating compositions
WO1999041430A1 (fr) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-19 Moltech Invent S.A. Distribution d'un electrolyte riche en alumine dans des cellules d'extraction electrolytique a l'aluminium

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU287639A1 (ru) * Способ загрузки глинозема и гашения анодных эффектов на алюминиевых электролизерах
FR1589563A (fr) * 1967-10-19 1970-03-31
SU623909A1 (ru) * 1977-02-16 1978-09-15 Иркутский политехнический институт Способ устранени анодного эффекта
EP0048215A1 (fr) * 1980-09-09 1982-03-24 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Procédé et dispositif pour l'élimination d'un effet de l'anode lors de l'électrolyse d'aluminium
SU924180A1 (ru) * 1978-02-21 1982-04-30 Mo I Stali I Splavov Способ гашения анодного эффекта1
US4857157A (en) * 1987-04-21 1989-08-15 Aluminium Pechiney Process and apparatus for controlling solid electrolyte additions to electrolytic cells for aluminum production

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU287639A1 (ru) * Способ загрузки глинозема и гашения анодных эффектов на алюминиевых электролизерах
FR1589563A (fr) * 1967-10-19 1970-03-31
SU623909A1 (ru) * 1977-02-16 1978-09-15 Иркутский политехнический институт Способ устранени анодного эффекта
SU924180A1 (ru) * 1978-02-21 1982-04-30 Mo I Stali I Splavov Способ гашения анодного эффекта1
EP0048215A1 (fr) * 1980-09-09 1982-03-24 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Procédé et dispositif pour l'élimination d'un effet de l'anode lors de l'électrolyse d'aluminium
US4857157A (en) * 1987-04-21 1989-08-15 Aluminium Pechiney Process and apparatus for controlling solid electrolyte additions to electrolytic cells for aluminum production

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
No further relevant documents disclosed *
See also references of WO9400621A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5708075A (en) * 1996-12-30 1998-01-13 Dow Corning Corporation Silicone release coating compositions
WO1999041430A1 (fr) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-19 Moltech Invent S.A. Distribution d'un electrolyte riche en alumine dans des cellules d'extraction electrolytique a l'aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO940667D0 (no) 1994-02-25
EP0604664A4 (fr) 1995-01-25
NO940667L (no) 1994-02-25

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