EP0603529B1 - Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen - Google Patents

Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0603529B1
EP0603529B1 EP19930118255 EP93118255A EP0603529B1 EP 0603529 B1 EP0603529 B1 EP 0603529B1 EP 19930118255 EP19930118255 EP 19930118255 EP 93118255 A EP93118255 A EP 93118255A EP 0603529 B1 EP0603529 B1 EP 0603529B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna system
radiation
helical
control unit
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930118255
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0603529A1 (de
Inventor
Ali Louzir
Masahiro Fujimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technicolor SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Multimedia SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Multimedia SA filed Critical Thomson Multimedia SA
Priority to EP19930118255 priority Critical patent/EP0603529B1/de
Publication of EP0603529A1 publication Critical patent/EP0603529A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0603529B1 publication Critical patent/EP0603529B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna system using a helical antenna for the reception of radiofrequencies and especially for the reception of microwaves.
  • a helical antenna consists of a single conductor or multiple conductors wound into a helical shape. Beside some other possible modes a helical antenna is normally used in a so-called axial mode or in a normal mode.
  • the axial mode provides maximum radiation along the helix axis, which occurs when the helix circumference is of the order of one wavelength.
  • the normal mode which yields radiation broadside to the helix axis, occurs when the helix diameter is small with respect to a wavelength.
  • the axial mode is of special interest.
  • US-patent 3 184 747 presents a coaxial feed helical antenna which has a director disk between feed and helix producing endfire radiation towards the disk.
  • the dimensions of the helix for such an antenna system are given.
  • each of said radiation may have different polarization directions.
  • US 4 742 359 presents an antenna system using a helical antenna with two ends where the first end is linked to a feeder line.
  • a helical antenna may be built as a so-called endfire helical antenna, where under maximum received power conditions the direction of the signal power flow at the said first end is in the same direction as the received radiation.
  • a helical antenna can also be built as a so-called backfire helical antenna, where under maximum received power conditions the direction of the signal power flow at the said first end is in the opposite direction to the received radiation.
  • an antenna system which comprises a reflector, a primary helical antenna having a coil with a pair of ends, said coil located at the focal point of said reflector so that the axis of the helical antanna coincides essentially with the axis of said reflector.
  • a feeder line couples the antenna system with an external circuit, so that said primary helical antenna represents a backfire helical antenna coupled with said feeder line at the nearer end from said reflector and the other end of the helical antenna is free standing, and said feeder line is a coaxial cable.
  • a helix wound like a right-hand screw receives right-hand circular polarization
  • a helix wound like a left-hand screw receives left-hand polarization.
  • known systems for the reception of different circular polarizations have two or more helices.
  • known systems for the reception of linear polarized radiation use two or more helices wound in opposite directions. These helices can be provided side by side or can be connected in series.
  • Such a known antenna system for the reception of different polarizations is quite bulky.
  • concentration means e.g. such as a parabolic reflector, a dielectric lens or thelike
  • the helical antenna, or more precisely its phase center must be coincident with the focal point of the concentration means, for each sens of polarization.
  • concentration means e.g. such as a parabolic reflector, a dielectric lens or thelike
  • the polarization, lefthand-circular, righthand-circular or linear, of a signal to be received can be changed by connecting an according end of a coil used as helical antenna to a feeder line.
  • a first circular polarization e.g. right-hand
  • the helix is working in axial endfire mode.
  • the helix is connected such that it works in axial backfire mode.
  • a reflector 10 which can be shaped parabolically or thelike, focusses an incoming radiation (not shown) at its focal point.
  • a helix 11 provided, which is built by a conductor wound in the shape of a coil with a helix-length of about lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength of the radiation to be received.
  • the helix 11 has a first end 12, distance between it and the reflector 10 depends on f/D, wherein f is the focal length of the focussing system, here reflector 10, and D is the diameter of the said focussing system.
  • a second end 13 of the helix 11 is farer away from the reflector 10 than the first end 12.
  • the first end 12 of the helix 11 can be connected via a first switching device 14 with an inner conductor 15 of a feeder line 16.
  • the second end 13 can be connected via a second switching device 17 with the inner conductor 15.
  • a phase shifter 18 is provided to realise a connection between the inner conductor 15 and an outer conductor 16a of the feeder line 16 in the area of the middle of the helix 11.
  • the switching devices 14 and 17 are realised as switching diodes. It may be mentioned that all other kinds off switches are possible, like relays, transistors, etc.
  • the phase shifter 18 is realised in this embodiment by a transmission type as diode phaser. It may be mentioned that also any other kinds of phaser are possible.
  • the switching devices are controlled by means of control signals S1, S2 and the phase shifter is controlled by means of signal S3.
  • These signals S1, S2, S3 are supplied by an electronic control unit 19, which gets according information from an input device 20.
  • filters 21 provided which block the signals received by the helix 11 from the control unit 19.
  • the signals received by the helix 11 are led by the feeder line 16 to further electronic components, which are indicated by the block 22 and may include a low noise converter (LNC), mixers, oscillators, amplifiers and the like and process information of said received signals such that according sound and/or pictures are generated.
  • LNC low noise converter
  • a flat reflector 23 provided which is shaped as a disc with a diameter in the range of about half lambda to 3/4 lambda.
  • a director 24 with a diameter of about third lambda is provided between the helix 11 and the parabolic reflector 10.
  • the reflector 23 and the director 24 can e.g. also be shaped as a rectangular plate or thelike.
  • switch 14 switch 17 phase shifter 18 RHCP off on --- LHCP on off --- VLP on on +90° HLP on on -90° with
  • the direction of circular polarization of a radiation to be received is inversed by each reflection, e.g. at the parabolic reflector 10. This means an odd number of reflections result in an opposite circular polarization and an even-number of reflections result in the original polarization sense.
  • phase shift realised by the phase shifter 18 is not relevant. This means any phase shift state can be taken.
  • phase shift states are determined by the physical parameters of the phaser 18 and selectable by a control signal which could be a DC-voltage with according values.
  • the antenna system shown in fig. 1 can be taken e.g. for the reception of television signals transmitted from a satellite.
  • a viewer wants to select TV-signals with a first circular polarization, he inputs according information via the input device 20 which gives an according signal to the control unit 19.
  • This controls the devices 14, 17, 18 such that the switching device 14 is "on” and the switching device 17 is "off”.
  • the first end 12 of the helix 11 is connected with the inner conductor 15, the helix 11 is working in the axial backfire mode and a radiation with a first circular polarization, e.g. left-hand, is preferably received.
  • the switching device 14 For the reception of the opposite circular polarization, e.g. right-hand, the switching device 14 is “off” and the switching device 17 is "on”. Thereby the helix 11 works in the axial endfire mode and the left-hand circular polarization can be received.
  • phase difference between the two circular polarizations.
  • This phase difference is controlled with the aid of the phase shifter 18, which is realised in this embodiment as a transmission diode.
  • Versions of the described embodiment may include at least one of the following variations:

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Antennensystem für den Empfang einer elektomagnetischen Strahlung aus einer oder mehreren Richtungen, wobei jede Strahlung unterschiedliche Polarisationsrichtungen haben kann und das Antennensystem Bündelungs-Mittel (10) und eine oder mehrere Wendelantennen (11) aufweist, von denen jede in dem Bereich vorgesehen ist, in dem die jeweilige Strahlung durch die Bündelungsmittel (10) fokussiert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    eine Steuerschaltung (19) durch zwei Steuersignale (S1, S2) zwei Schaltelemente (14, 17) steuert, um dadurch entweder das obere Ende oder das untere Ende der Wendelantenne für die Auswahl der orthogonalen Zirkularpolarisationen mit einem Empfänger zu verbinden, und daß
    die Steuerschaltung (19) mittels der zwei Steuersignale (S1, S2) die beiden Schaltelemente (14, 17) steuert, um dadurch beide Enden der Wendelantenne (11) miteinander zu verbinden, und mittels eines dritten Steuersignals (S3) einen Phasenschieber (18) steuert, um dadurch zwei diskrete Phasenverschiebungszustände zwischen den beiden kombinierten Signalen von den beiden Enden der Wendelantenne (11) für die Auswahl der orthogonalen Linearpolarisationen einzuführen.
  2. Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Schaltelemente (14, 17) durch die Steuereinheit (19) gleichzeitig ansteuerbar sind, wodurch eine Strahlung mit einer Linearpolarisation empfangen werden kann, und daß ein Phasenschieber (18) vorgesehen ist, der durch die Steuereinheit (19) ansteuerbar ist und mit dem die Richtung der Linearpolarisation, zum Beispiel horizontal oder vertikal, wählbar ist.
  3. Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    wenigstens eine der Wendelantennen (11), die gleichzeitig im Axial-Rückstrahl-Modus und im Axial-Endstrahl-Modus arbeiten, und die Steuereinheit (19) vorgesehen sind, die den Phasenschieber (18) steuern, durch den eine Richtung der Linearpolarisation, zum Beispiel horizontal oder vertikal, wählbar ist.
  4. Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Bündelungsmittel (10) die zu empfangende Strahlung mittels Brechung, Beugung und/oder Reflexion fokussieren.
EP19930118255 1992-12-22 1993-11-11 Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen Expired - Lifetime EP0603529B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19930118255 EP0603529B1 (de) 1992-12-22 1993-11-11 Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92403535 1992-12-22
EP92403535 1992-12-22
EP19930118255 EP0603529B1 (de) 1992-12-22 1993-11-11 Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0603529A1 EP0603529A1 (de) 1994-06-29
EP0603529B1 true EP0603529B1 (de) 1998-08-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930118255 Expired - Lifetime EP0603529B1 (de) 1992-12-22 1993-11-11 Antennensystem mit Wendelantennen

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0603529B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4494117A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dual sense, circularly polarized helical antenna
US4862184A (en) * 1987-02-06 1989-08-29 George Ploussios Method and construction of helical antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0603529A1 (de) 1994-06-29

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