EP0588090B1 - Machine body for machine tools - Google Patents

Machine body for machine tools Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588090B1
EP0588090B1 EP93113241A EP93113241A EP0588090B1 EP 0588090 B1 EP0588090 B1 EP 0588090B1 EP 93113241 A EP93113241 A EP 93113241A EP 93113241 A EP93113241 A EP 93113241A EP 0588090 B1 EP0588090 B1 EP 0588090B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
bed
machine body
pillar
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93113241A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0588090A2 (en
EP0588090A3 (en
Inventor
Willi Schütz
Günther Buggle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bernhard Steinel Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Bernhard Steinel Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0588090A2 publication Critical patent/EP0588090A2/en
Publication of EP0588090A3 publication Critical patent/EP0588090A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588090B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588090B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/91—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/40—Broaching
    • Y10T409/407525—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2566—Bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine frame for machine tools according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a large class of machine tools has a machine frame which consists of a horizontal bed and at least one vertical stand attached to the bed. Depending on the type of machine tool, clamping and drive units for workpieces and tools are arranged on the bed and on the stand and are mounted so that they can be moved against each other in three or more axes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a machine frame for a machining center, in which construction and assembly costs are reduced.
  • a vertical rigid wall is provided in addition to the horizontal bed and the vertical stand, which is rigidly connected on the one hand to the bed and on the other hand to the stand.
  • This wall creates a stable bracing of the stand and bed, which stiffens the machine frame against bending and torsion.
  • the bracing through the wall makes the machine frame an inherently stable structure against bending and twisting. Inaccuracies in the adjustment when setting up the machine frame have practically no effect on the accuracy of the mutual positioning of bed and stand. Fluctuations in room temperature and especially temperature gradients in the area of the machine frame have less of an impact on the shape of the machine frame.
  • the machine frame can also absorb higher loads, which is particularly important when machining heavy workpieces and with high machining pressures, clamping capacities, etc. Due to the stiffening by the wall, the material cross-sections of the machine frame can be further reduced, which in turn saves weight and costs. Due to the lower weight and the large area of the bed, larger machining centers with a low surface load on the floor can also be set up.
  • the machine frame consisting of the bed, the stand and the wall is cast in one piece.
  • a reaction resin concrete (polymer concrete) serves as the material for this.
  • the casting of the machine frame can be carried out with a sufficiently high level of accuracy, so that no expensive post-processing is required.
  • lines and channels for the supply system of the machining center can already be cast into the machine frame.
  • These supply systems such as power supply, control, hydraulics, coolant supply and removal, chip disposal, etc. can be easily installed.
  • the additional stiffening through the wall allows for improved stability of small material cross-sections of the bed and stand. This not only means lower weight and lower material costs. Larger cavities can also be left out in the machine frame, which can also be used advantageously. These cavities can be used, for example, as coolant containers can be used with a large volume. The larger coolant volume enables more effective cooling, which in turn leads to higher machining accuracy.
  • the wall is also used as a load-bearing component of the machine frame.
  • the wall can accommodate guides and support devices for a wide variety of functional elements and machine parts of the machine tool. This brings significant savings in construction and assembly work.
  • machining center can thus build up in height and takes up less space.
  • the headstock of the machining center can be moved horizontally on the bed next to the wall.
  • a tool store can be arranged on the wall, for example on a console, above the space required for the movement of the headstock.
  • Guides can be attached to the wall above the tool store, in which a handling unit can be moved in order to change the tools between the store and the work area of the machining center.
  • the wall additionally provided on the machine frame thus allows the headstock, tool magazine and handling device to be arranged on three levels one above the other, which results in an extremely compact, space-saving construction.
  • the free rear surface of the wall can also be used as an assembly wall or housing wall for the necessary supply and / or control devices of the machining center. This results in a further saving in space and design effort.
  • the machine frame shown in the drawing is intended for a machining center in which the headstock with horizontal work spindle can be moved in the horizontal plane, while the workpiece is clamped on a vertically displaceable workpiece table with a vertical clamping plane.
  • the work spindle and workpiece axis are arranged at right angles to each other in a horizontal plane, so that coolant and chips can fall down freely.
  • the machine frame essentially consists of a bed 10, a stand 12 arranged vertically standing on the bed 10 and a vertical wall 14.
  • the entire machine frame is cast in one piece from a reactive resin concrete.
  • the bed 10 has the shape of a flat rectangular cuboid and is formed by a rectangular base plate 16 (aspect ratio approx. 2: 1) with a circumferential upwardly drawn edge 18, so that a trough-shaped configuration of the bed 10 results.
  • the interior of the bed 10 has upright webs 20 which, in different arrangements, run partly in the longitudinal direction, partly in the transverse direction of the bed 10 and start at the edge 18.
  • the webs 20 subdivide the trough-shaped bed 10 into different trough-shaped receiving spaces 22.
  • the webs 20 further serve to stiffen the bed 10. Because of the peripheral edge 18 and the webs 20, the bed 10 thus has high bending and torsional rigidity with a small material cross section and material consumption on.
  • the vertical stand 12 is arranged near a narrow side of the bed 10.
  • vertical guide rails 24 are used, which serve to guide a carriage, not shown, which carries the workpiece clamping table.
  • a receptacle 26 for the drive spindle, not shown, of this carriage is integrated in the stand 12.
  • the vertical wall 14 is cast on a web 20 running in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10.
  • the wall 14 has a rectangular shape, its height essentially corresponding to the height of the stand 12.
  • the wall 14 is cast onto the stand 12 with a vertical edge.
  • the wall 14 extends from the stand 12 in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10 to the narrow side of the bed 10 opposite the stand 12. In the transverse direction of the bed 10, the wall 14 divides the area of the bed approximately in a ratio of 1: 3.
  • a horizontal bracket 30 protrudes from the plane of the wall 14 as a carrying device.
  • the bracket 30 extends in the illustrated embodiment in the area of the wall 14 facing away from the stand 12 over approximately 2/3 of the length of the wall 14.
  • the height of the bracket 30 above the upper edge of the bed 10 is selected so that the headstock in its End position in the Z direction can drive with its rear part under the console 30.
  • the higher front part of the headstock moves in front of the bracket 30.
  • the bracket 30 is integrally molded onto the wall 14.
  • a support 32 is provided behind the movement area of the headstock between a web 20 of the bed 10 and the bracket 30.
  • the support 32 is also integrally molded onto the bed 10, the wall 14 and the bracket 30.
  • the mounting rails 34 are used to hold tool cartridges, not shown.
  • Guides 36 are provided on the horizontal upper edge of the wall 14 and extend over the entire length of the wall 14. A handling unit, not shown, is guided on the guides 36, by means of which tools can be exchanged between the tool cassettes seated on the console 30 and the work spindle of the headstock.
  • a free space 38 between the wall 14 and the edge 18 of the bed 10.
  • This free space 38 serves to accommodate supply units and energy-carrying lines of the machining center.
  • the switch cabinets 40 indicated by dash-dotted lines in the drawing are used for the power supply, the control, etc.
  • the wall 14 can also serve as the rear wall of these cabinets and can be used for the assembly of the supply units.
  • the wall 14 has openings for the connection of the supply units. Furthermore, 20 channels and pipes are poured into the webs 20 of the bed 10 and in the stand, through which the supply and control lines are guided. The coolant circulation is further guided through such channels.
  • a collecting trough 42 in the bed 10 is limited, in which a chip conveyor 44 is inserted.
  • a drip pan 46 is provided for the dirty coolant. From this drip pan 46, the coolant is pumped through filters into one of the receiving spaces 22, which serves as a storage container. The coolant is returned from the storage container to the cooling area for cooling.

Abstract

In a machine body with a horizontal bed (10) and a vertical column (12), a vertical rigid wall (14) is rigidly connected to the bed (10) and the column (12) for bracing and stiffening. The bed (10), the column (12) and the wall (14) are cast in one piece from a reaction-resin concrete. The wall (14) gives the machine body high bending and torsional resistance at low weight. In addition, the wall (14) serves to accommodate guides and supporting devices for functional elements of the machine tool, which in this way can be arranged spatially one above the other. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Maschinengestell für Werkzeugmaschinen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a machine frame for machine tools according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine große Klasse von Werkzeugmaschinen weist ein Maschinengestell auf, welches aus einem waagerechten Bett und zumindest einem vertikalen an dem Bett angebrachten Ständer besteht. Je nach Art der Werkzeugmaschine sind Spann- und Antriebseinheiten für Werkstücke und Werkzeuge auf dem Bett und an dem Ständer angeordnet und in drei oder mehr Achsen gegeneinander verfahrbar gelagert.A large class of machine tools has a machine frame which consists of a horizontal bed and at least one vertical stand attached to the bed. Depending on the type of machine tool, clamping and drive units for workpieces and tools are arranged on the bed and on the stand and are mounted so that they can be moved against each other in three or more axes.

Es ist bekannt, das Maschinengestell aus Grauguß oder Stahlguß herzustellen. Die Herstellung dieser Maschinengestelle ist aufwendig, da nach dem Guß eine Nachbearbeitung durch Fräsen oder Schleifen erforderlich ist. Insbesondere wegen dieser Nachbearbeitung können Maschinengestelle für größere Werkzeugmaschinen in der Regel nicht in einem Stück gegossen werden. Es ist daher noch ein zusätzlicher erheblicher Montagesaufwand für das Zusammenfügen der einzelnen Teile des Maschinengestells erforderlich.It is known to manufacture the machine frame from gray cast iron or cast steel. The manufacture of this machine frame is complex since post-processing by milling or grinding is required after the casting. Because of this rework in particular, machine frames for larger machine tools cannot usually be cast in one piece will. An additional considerable assembly effort is therefore necessary for the assembly of the individual parts of the machine frame.

Weiter ist es bekannt die Maschinengestelle als geschweißte Stahlkonstruktion auszuführen. Auch hier ist ein erheblicher Herstellungs- und Montageaufwand erforderlich.It is also known to design the machine frame as a welded steel structure. Here, too, a considerable amount of production and assembly work is required.

Weiter ist es bekannt (z.B. EP 0 045 272 A2), Maschinengestelle aus einem Reaktionsharz-Beton einstückig zu gießen. Dieses Herstellungsverfahren ist kostengünstig. Die Maschinengestelle weisen gegenüber den genannten Maschinengestellen aus Grauguß, Stahlguß oder geschweißten Stahlkonstruktionen eine erheblich höhere Schwingungsdämpfung auf.It is also known (e.g. EP 0 045 272 A2) to cast machine frames in one piece from a reaction resin concrete. This manufacturing process is inexpensive. The machine frames have a considerably higher vibration damping compared to the machine frames made of gray cast iron, cast steel or welded steel structures.

Allen diesen bekannten Maschinengestellen ist gemeinsam, daß der an dem Bett angebrachte Ständer turmartig frei von dem Bett nach oben ragt. Höhere Belastungen, Ungenauigkeiten in der justierten Aufstellung des Bettes, Temperaturschwankungen und Temperaturgradienten können daher zu Biege- und Torsionsbewegungen des Ständers gegenüber dem Bett führen. Solche Bewegungen beeinträchtigen unmittelbar die erzielbare Bearbeitungsgenauigkeit. Um zur Verbesserung der Genauigkeit Verformungsbewegungen des Ständers und des Bettes zu verringern, werden die Abmessungen und Querschnitte der Maschinengestelle vergrößert. Bereits eine geringe Verbesserung der Genauigkeit muß dabei jedoch mit einer erheblichen Erhöhung des Gewichtes und der Kosten des Maschinengestells erkauft werden.All these known machine frames have in common that the stand attached to the bed projects tower-free from the bed. Higher loads, inaccuracies in the adjusted positioning of the bed, temperature fluctuations and temperature gradients can therefore lead to bending and torsional movements of the stand relative to the bed. Such movements directly affect the achievable machining accuracy. The dimensions and cross sections of the machine frames are increased in order to reduce deformation movements of the stand and the bed in order to improve the accuracy. Even a slight improvement in accuracy must be purchased with a considerable increase in the weight and cost of the machine frame.

Schließlich ist aus der US-A-3 800 636 bekannt, das horizontale Bett und den vertikalen Ständer einer werkzeugmaschine einstückig aus Beton zu gießen und durch eine vertikale zwischen dem Ständer und dem Bett aufgespannte Wand zu versteifen. Es wird dabei ein durch Armierungen vorgespannter Spannbeton verwendet. Die vertikale Wand ist dreieckig ausgebildet und führt schräg von dem Ständer nach unten zu dem Bett. Die vertikale Wand hat ausschließlich die Funktion den Ständer mit dem Bett versteifend zu verbinden. Der Spannbeton weist Nachteile in der Stabilität auf und neigt insbesondere zur Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit.Finally, it is known from US-A-3 800 636 to cast the horizontal bed and the vertical stand of a machine tool in one piece from concrete and through a vertical one stiffen the wall stretched between the stand and the bed. A prestressed concrete prestressed by reinforcements is used. The vertical wall is triangular and leads obliquely from the stand down to the bed. The vertical wall only has the function of stiffening the stand to the bed. The prestressed concrete has disadvantages in terms of stability and tends to absorb moisture in particular.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Maschinengestell für ein Bearbeitungszentrum zu schaffen, bei welchem Konstruktions- und Montageaufwand verringert sind.The invention has for its object to provide a machine frame for a machining center, in which construction and assembly costs are reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Maschinengestell mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved according to the invention by a machine frame with the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Maschinengestell ist zusätzlich zu dem horizontalen Bett und dem vertikalen Ständer eine vertikale starre Wand vorgesehen, die einerseits mit dem Bett und andererseits mit dem Ständer starr verbunden ist. Diese Wand bewirkt eine formstabile Verstrebung von Ständer und Bett, welche das Maschinengestell gegen Biegung und Torsion aussteift. Die Aussteifung durch die Wand macht das Maschinengestell insgesamt zu einem in sich gegen Biegung und Verwindung formstabilen Gebilde. Ungenauigkeiten in der Justage beim Aufstellen des Machinengestells wirken sich praktisch nicht auf die Genauigkeit der gegenseitigen Positionierung von Bett und Ständer aus. Schwankungen der Raumtemperatur und insbesondere Temperaturgradienten im Bereich des Maschinengestells wirken sich weniger auf die Formhaltigkeit des Maschinengestells aus. Das Maschinengestell kann außerdem höhere Belastungen aufnehmen, was insbesondere bei der Bearbeitung schwerer Werkstücke und bei hohen Bearbeitungsdrücken, Spannleistungen usw. von Wichtigkeit ist. Aufgrund der Aussteifung durch die Wand können weiterhin die Materialquerschnitte des Maschinengestells verringert werden, was wiederum Gewicht und Kosten einspart. Durch das geringere Gewicht und eine großflächige Ausbildung des Bettes können auch größere Bearbeitungszentren mit einer niedrigen Flächenbelastung des Bodens aufgestellt werden.In the machine frame according to the invention, a vertical rigid wall is provided in addition to the horizontal bed and the vertical stand, which is rigidly connected on the one hand to the bed and on the other hand to the stand. This wall creates a stable bracing of the stand and bed, which stiffens the machine frame against bending and torsion. The bracing through the wall makes the machine frame an inherently stable structure against bending and twisting. Inaccuracies in the adjustment when setting up the machine frame have practically no effect on the accuracy of the mutual positioning of bed and stand. Fluctuations in room temperature and especially temperature gradients in the area of the machine frame have less of an impact on the shape of the machine frame. The machine frame can also absorb higher loads, which is particularly important when machining heavy workpieces and with high machining pressures, clamping capacities, etc. Due to the stiffening by the wall, the material cross-sections of the machine frame can be further reduced, which in turn saves weight and costs. Due to the lower weight and the large area of the bed, larger machining centers with a low surface load on the floor can also be set up.

Um auch die Montagekosten zu verringern, wird das Maschinengestell bestehend aus dem Bett, dem Ständer und der Wand einstückig gegossen. Als Material hierzu dient ein Reaktionsharz-Beton (Polymer-Beton). Der Guß des Maschinengestells kann mit einer ausreichend hohen Genauigkeit durchgeführt werden, so daß keine aufwendige Nachbearbeitung erforderlich ist. Insbesondere können in das Machinengestell bereits Leitungen und Kanäle für das Versorgungssystem des Bearbeitungszentrums eingegossen werden. Diese Versorgungssysteme, beispielsweise Stromversorgung, Steuerung, Hydraulik, Kühlmittelzu- und -abfuhr, Späneentsorgung usw. können leicht installiert werden.In order to also reduce the assembly costs, the machine frame consisting of the bed, the stand and the wall is cast in one piece. A reaction resin concrete (polymer concrete) serves as the material for this. The casting of the machine frame can be carried out with a sufficiently high level of accuracy, so that no expensive post-processing is required. In particular, lines and channels for the supply system of the machining center can already be cast into the machine frame. These supply systems, such as power supply, control, hydraulics, coolant supply and removal, chip disposal, etc. can be easily installed.

Die zusätzliche Aussteifung durch die Wand erlaubt bei verbesserter Stabilität geringer Materialquerschnitte von Bett und Ständer. Dies bedeutet nicht nur geringeres Gewicht und geringere Materialkosten. Es können außerdem auch in dem Maschinengestell größere Hohlräume ausgespart werden, die zusätzlich in vorteilhafter Weise genutzt werden können. Es können diese Hohlräume beispielsweise als Kühlmittelbehälter mit großem Fassungsvolumen verwendet werden. Das größere Kühlmittelvolumen ermöglicht eine effektivere Kühlung, was wiederum zu einer höheren Bearbeitungsgenauigkeit führt.The additional stiffening through the wall allows for improved stability of small material cross-sections of the bed and stand. This not only means lower weight and lower material costs. Larger cavities can also be left out in the machine frame, which can also be used advantageously. These cavities can be used, for example, as coolant containers can be used with a large volume. The larger coolant volume enables more effective cooling, which in turn leads to higher machining accuracy.

Neben diesen Vorteilen, die sich aus der Verstrebung und Aussteifung des Maschinengestells ergeben, wird die Wand zusätzlich auch als tragender Bestandteil des Maschinengestells genutzt. Die Wand kann Führungen und Trageeinrichtungen für unterschiedlichste Funktionselemente und Maschinenteile der Werkzeugmaschine aufnehmen. Dies bringt wesentliche Einsparung in Konstruktions- und Montageaufwand mit sich.In addition to these advantages, which result from the bracing and bracing of the machine frame, the wall is also used as a load-bearing component of the machine frame. The wall can accommodate guides and support devices for a wide variety of functional elements and machine parts of the machine tool. This brings significant savings in construction and assembly work.

Vor allem können an der Wand auch solche Funktionselemente angeordnet werden, die bei herkömmlichen Bearbeitungszentren seitlich an dem Bett angeordnet und angebaut werden müssen. Das Bearbeitungszentrum kann somit in die Höhe bauen und beansprucht eine geringere Stellfläche.Above all, functional elements can also be arranged on the wall that have to be arranged and attached to the side of the bed in conventional machining centers. The machining center can thus build up in height and takes up less space.

Der Spindelkasten des Bearbeitungszentrums ist neben der Wand horizontal verschiebbar auf dem Bett geführt. Oberhalb des für die Bewegung des Spindelkastens benötigten Raumes kann an der Wand beispielsweise auf einer Konsole ein Werkzeugspeicher angeordnet sein. Über dem Werkzeugspeicher können Führungen an der Wand angebracht sein, in welchen eine Handling-Einheit verfahrbar ist, um die Werkzeuge zwischen Speicher und Arbeitsraum des Bearbeitungszentrums zu wechseln. Die zusätzlich am Maschinengestell vorgesehene Wand ermöglicht also die Anordnung von Spindelkasten, Werkzeugmagazin und Handling-Einrichtung in drei Etagen übereinander, wodurch sich ein außerordentlich kompakter, platzsparender Aufbau ergibt.The headstock of the machining center can be moved horizontally on the bed next to the wall. A tool store can be arranged on the wall, for example on a console, above the space required for the movement of the headstock. Guides can be attached to the wall above the tool store, in which a handling unit can be moved in order to change the tools between the store and the work area of the machining center. The wall additionally provided on the machine frame thus allows the headstock, tool magazine and handling device to be arranged on three levels one above the other, which results in an extremely compact, space-saving construction.

Schließlich kann die freibleibende Rückfläche der Wand auch als Montagewand oder Gehäusewand für die notwendigen Versorgungs- und/oder Steuerungseinrichtungen des Bearbeitungszentrums genutzt werden. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine weitere Einsparung an Platzbedarf und Konstruktionsaufwand.Finally, the free rear surface of the wall can also be used as an assembly wall or housing wall for the necessary supply and / or control devices of the machining center. This results in a further saving in space and design effort.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Figur 1 -
eine Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Maschinengestell für ein Bearbeitungszentrum,
Figur 2 -
einen Vertikalschnitt gemäß der Linie A-A in Figur 1,
Figur 3 -
einen Vertikalschnitt gemäß der Linie B-B in Figur 1,
Figur 4 -
eine Seitenansicht des Maschinengestells in Figur 1 von rechts,
Figur 5 -
einen Vertikalschnitt gemäß der Linie C-C in Figur 1,
Figur 6 -
einen Vertikalschnitt gemäß der Linie D-D in Figur 1 und
Figur 7 -
einen Vertikalschnitt gemäß der Linie E-E in Figur 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it
Figure 1 -
a plan view of a machine frame according to the invention for a machining center,
Figure 2 -
2 shows a vertical section along the line AA in FIG. 1,
Figure 3 -
2 shows a vertical section along the line BB in FIG. 1,
Figure 4 -
2 shows a side view of the machine frame in FIG. 1 from the right,
Figure 5 -
2 shows a vertical section along the line CC in FIG. 1,
Figure 6 -
a vertical section along the line DD in Figure 1 and
Figure 7 -
a vertical section along the line EE in Figure 1.

Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Maschinengestell ist für ein Bearbeitungszentrum bestimmt, bei welchem der Spindelkasten mit horizontaler Arbeitsspindel in der horizontalen Ebene verschiebbar ist, während das Werkstück an einem vertikal verschiebbaren Werkstücktisch mit vertikaler Aufspannebene gespannt wird. Arbeitsspindel und Werkstückachse sind dabei in einer horizontalen Ebene rechtwinklig zueinander angeordnet, so daß Kühlmittel und Späne frei nach unten fallen können.The machine frame shown in the drawing is intended for a machining center in which the headstock with horizontal work spindle can be moved in the horizontal plane, while the workpiece is clamped on a vertically displaceable workpiece table with a vertical clamping plane. The work spindle and workpiece axis are arranged at right angles to each other in a horizontal plane, so that coolant and chips can fall down freely.

Das Maschinengestell besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Bett 10, einem vertikal stehend auf dem Bett 10 angeordneten Ständer 12 und einer vertikalen Wand 14. Das gesamte Maschinengestell ist einstückig aus einem Reaktionsharz-Beton gegossen.The machine frame essentially consists of a bed 10, a stand 12 arranged vertically standing on the bed 10 and a vertical wall 14. The entire machine frame is cast in one piece from a reactive resin concrete.

Das Bett 10 hat die Form eines flachen rechteckigen Quaders und wird gebildet durch eine rechteckige Bodenplatte 16 (Seitenverhältnis ca. 2:1) mit einem umlaufenden nach oben gezogenen Rand 18, so daß sich eine wannenförmige Konfiguration des Bettes 10 ergibt. Der Innenraum des Bettes 10 weist aufrecht stehende Stege 20 auf, die in unterschiedlicher Anordnung teils in Längsrichtung, teils in Querrichtung des Bettes 10 verlaufen und an dem Rand 18 ansetzen. Die Stege 20 unterteilen das wannenförmige Bett 10 in unterschiedliche wannenförmige Aufnahmeräume 22. Die Stege 20 dienen weiter zur Versteifung des Bettes 10. Das Bett 10 weist dadurch aufgrund des umlaufenden Randes 18 und der Stege 20 bei geringem Materialquerschnitt und Materialverbrauch eine hohe Biege- und Verwindungssteifigkeit auf.The bed 10 has the shape of a flat rectangular cuboid and is formed by a rectangular base plate 16 (aspect ratio approx. 2: 1) with a circumferential upwardly drawn edge 18, so that a trough-shaped configuration of the bed 10 results. The interior of the bed 10 has upright webs 20 which, in different arrangements, run partly in the longitudinal direction, partly in the transverse direction of the bed 10 and start at the edge 18. The webs 20 subdivide the trough-shaped bed 10 into different trough-shaped receiving spaces 22. The webs 20 further serve to stiffen the bed 10. Because of the peripheral edge 18 and the webs 20, the bed 10 thus has high bending and torsional rigidity with a small material cross section and material consumption on.

Nahe einer Schmalseite des Bettes 10 ist der vertikale Ständer 12 angeordnet. In den Ständer 12 sind vertikale Führungsschienen 24 eingesetzt, die zur Führung eines nicht dargestellten Schlittens dienen, welcher den Werkstück-Aufspanntisch trägt. Weiter ist eine Aufnahme 26 für die nicht dargestellte Antriebsspindel dieses Schlittens in den Ständer 12 integriert.The vertical stand 12 is arranged near a narrow side of the bed 10. In the stand 12 vertical guide rails 24 are used, which serve to guide a carriage, not shown, which carries the workpiece clamping table. Furthermore, a receptacle 26 for the drive spindle, not shown, of this carriage is integrated in the stand 12.

Auf einem in Längsrichtung des Bettes 10 verlaufenden Steg 20 ist die vertikale Wand 14 angegossen. Die Wand 14 hat rechteckige Form, wobei ihre Höhe im wesentlichen der Höhe des Ständers 12 entspricht. Mit einer vertikalen Kante ist die Wand 14 an den Ständer 12 angegossen. Die Wand 14 erstreckt sich von dem Ständer 12 in Längsrichtung des Bettes 10 bis zu der dem Ständer 12 entgegengesetzten Schmalseite des Bettes 10. In Querrichtung des Bettes 10 unterteilt die Wand 14 die Fläche des Bettes etwa im Verhältnis 1:3.The vertical wall 14 is cast on a web 20 running in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10. The wall 14 has a rectangular shape, its height essentially corresponding to the height of the stand 12. The wall 14 is cast onto the stand 12 with a vertical edge. The wall 14 extends from the stand 12 in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10 to the narrow side of the bed 10 opposite the stand 12. In the transverse direction of the bed 10, the wall 14 divides the area of the bed approximately in a ratio of 1: 3.

In dem größeren Flächenbereich des Bettes 10 zwischen der Wand 14 und dem in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Rand 18 sind anschließend an den Ständer 12 zwei parallele senkrecht zur Wand 14 verlaufende Stege 20 vorgesehen, die auf ihrer Oberkante Querführungen 28 tragen. Auf die Querführungen 28 wird quer verschiebbar ein nicht dargestellter Schlitten aufgesetzt, der parallel zur Wand 14 verlaufende Längsführungen für den ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Spindelkasten trägt. Der Spindelkasten mit der horizontal und parallel zur Wand 14 angeordneten Spindel ist somit in dem Bereich neben der Wand 14 parallel zur Wand (Z-Richtung) und auf den Querführungen 28 rechtwinklig zur Wand (Y-Richtung) verfahrbar.In the larger surface area of the bed 10 between the wall 14 and the longitudinal edge 18, two parallel webs 20 running perpendicular to the wall 14 are then provided on the upright 12, which carry transverse guides 28 on their upper edge. A slide, not shown, is placed transversely displaceably on the transverse guides 28 and carries longitudinal guides for the headstock, also not shown, which run parallel to the wall 14. The headstock with the spindle arranged horizontally and parallel to the wall 14 can thus be moved in the area next to the wall 14 parallel to the wall (Z direction) and on the transverse guides 28 at right angles to the wall (Y direction).

Auf etwa halber Höhe der Wand 14 kragt als Trageeinrichtung eine waagerechte Konsole 30 aus der Ebene der Wand 14 vor. Die Konsole 30 erstreckt sich im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in dem von dem Ständer 12 abgewandten Bereich der Wand 14 über etwa 2/3 der Länge der Wand 14. Die Höhe der Konsole 30 über der Oberkante des Bettes 10 ist so gewählt, daß der Spindelkasten in seiner Endstellung in Z-Richtung mit seinem rückwärtigen Teil unter die Konsole 30 fahren kann. Der höher bauende vordere Teil des Spindelkasten bewegt sich dabei vor der Konsole 30. Die Konsole 30 ist einstückig an die Wand 14 angegossen. Um die vorkragende Konsole 30 zusätzlich abzustützen, ist eine Stütze 32 hinter dem Bewegungsbereich des Spindelkastens zwischen einem Steg 20 des Bettes 10 und der Konsole 30 vorgesehen. Die Stütze 32 ist ebenfalls einstückig an das Bett 10, die Wand 14 und die Konsole 30 angegossen.At about half the height of the wall 14, a horizontal bracket 30 protrudes from the plane of the wall 14 as a carrying device. The bracket 30 extends in the illustrated embodiment in the area of the wall 14 facing away from the stand 12 over approximately 2/3 of the length of the wall 14. The height of the bracket 30 above the upper edge of the bed 10 is selected so that the headstock in its End position in the Z direction can drive with its rear part under the console 30. The higher front part of the headstock moves in front of the bracket 30. The bracket 30 is integrally molded onto the wall 14. In order to additionally support the cantilevered bracket 30, a support 32 is provided behind the movement area of the headstock between a web 20 of the bed 10 and the bracket 30. The support 32 is also integrally molded onto the bed 10, the wall 14 and the bracket 30.

Auf die Konsole 30 sind senkrecht zur Wand 14 verlaufende Aufnahmeschienen 34 aufgesetzt. Die Aufnahmeschienen 34 dienen zur Aufnahme von nicht dargestellten Werkzeug-Kassetten.On the bracket 30 perpendicular to the wall 14 receiving rails 34 are placed. The mounting rails 34 are used to hold tool cartridges, not shown.

An der waagerechten Oberkante der Wand 14 sind Führungen 36 vorgesehen, die sich über die gesamte Länge der Wand 14 erstrecken. Auf den Führungen 36 wird eine nicht dargestellte Handling-Einheit verfahrbar geführt, mit welcher Werkzeuge zwischen den auf der Konsole 30 sitzenden Werkzeug-Kassetten und der Arbeitsspindel des Spindelkastens gewechselt werden können.Guides 36 are provided on the horizontal upper edge of the wall 14 and extend over the entire length of the wall 14. A handling unit, not shown, is guided on the guides 36, by means of which tools can be exchanged between the tool cassettes seated on the console 30 and the work spindle of the headstock.

Auf der von dem Spindelkasten und der Konsole 30 abgewandten Seite der Wand 14 ist zwischen der Wand 14 und dem Rand 18 des Bettes 10 ein Freiraum 38 vorhanden. Dieser Freiraum 38 dient zur Aufnahme von Versorgungseinheiten und energieführenden Leitungen des Bearbeitungszentrums. In den Freiraum 38 werden die in der Zeichnung strich-punktiert angedeuteten Schaltschränke 40 für die Stromversorgung, die Steuerung usw. eingesetzt. Die Wand 14 kann dabei gleichzeitig als Rückwand dieser Schaltschränke dienen und für die Montage der Versorgungseinheiten genutzt werden.On the side of the wall 14 facing away from the headstock and the console 30 there is a free space 38 between the wall 14 and the edge 18 of the bed 10. This free space 38 serves to accommodate supply units and energy-carrying lines of the machining center. In the free space 38, the switch cabinets 40 indicated by dash-dotted lines in the drawing are used for the power supply, the control, etc. The wall 14 can also serve as the rear wall of these cabinets and can be used for the assembly of the supply units.

Die Wand 14 weist Durchbrüche für den Anschluß der Versorgungseinheiten auf. Weiter sind in die Stege 20 des Bettes 10 und in den Ständer 20 Kanäle und Rohrleitungen eingegossen, durch welche die Versorgungs- und Steuerungsleitungen geführt werden. Weiter wird der Kühlmittelumlauf durch solche Kanäle geführt.The wall 14 has openings for the connection of the supply units. Furthermore, 20 channels and pipes are poured into the webs 20 of the bed 10 and in the stand, through which the supply and control lines are guided. The coolant circulation is further guided through such channels.

Unterhalb des Arbeitsraumes des Bearbeitungszentrums, der durch die Querführungen 28 und die mit den vertikalen Führungsschienen 24 versehenen Stirnseite des Ständers 12 in dem Bett 10 definiert ist, ist eine Auffangrinne 42 in dem Bett 10 begrenzt, in welche ein Späneförderer 44 eingesetzt wird. An der freien Schmalseite des Bettes 10 ist seitlich neben dem Arbeitsraum in dem Bett 10 eine Auffangwanne 46 für das verschmutzte Kühlmittel vorgesehen. Aus dieser Auffangwanne 46 wird das Kühlmittel über Filter in einen der Aufnahmeräume 22 gepumpt, der als Vorratsbehälter dient. Aus dem Vorratsbehälter wird das Kühlmittel wieder zur Kühlung in den Arbeitsraum geführt.Below the working space of the machining center, which is defined by the transverse guides 28 and the end face of the stand 12 in the bed 10 provided with the vertical guide rails 24, a collecting trough 42 in the bed 10 is limited, in which a chip conveyor 44 is inserted. On the free narrow side of the bed 10 is on the side In addition to the work area in the bed 10, a drip pan 46 is provided for the dirty coolant. From this drip pan 46, the coolant is pumped through filters into one of the receiving spaces 22, which serves as a storage container. The coolant is returned from the storage container to the cooling area for cooling.

Da das gesamte Maschinengestell bestehend aus Bett 10, Ständer 12, Wand 14 mit allen beschriebenen Einzelheiten in einem Stück gegossen wird und hierbei auch die Installationskanäle und -leitungen bereits eingegossen sind, ergeben sich erhebliche Einsparungen an Montagearbeit und -zeit.Since the entire machine frame consisting of bed 10, stand 12, wall 14 is cast in one piece with all the details described and the installation ducts and lines are already cast in, this results in considerable savings in assembly work and time.

Claims (6)

  1. A machine body for a machining centre, having a horizontal bed (10), having a vertical pillar (12) mounted on the bed (10), having a headstock movable on the bed (10), having a workpiece holding device mounted on the pillar (12) and having a vertical wall (14) clamped between the bed (10) and the pillar (12), connecting them fixedly with one another for bracing purposes, wherein the bed (10), the pillar (12) and the wall (14) are cast in one piece from concrete,
    characterised in that the wall (14) has a substantially rectangular construction and extends in the longitudinal direction from the pillar (12) substantially to the narrow side of the bed (10) remote from the pillar (12),
    in that the wall (14) comprises guides (36), on which functional components of the machining centre are movably guided, and/or load-bearing devices (30) for receiving functional components and/or machine components of the machining centre,
    in that these guides (36) and/or load-bearing devices (30) are disposed above the space required for movement of the headstock movable on the bed (10) parallel to the wall (14),
    and in that the concrete is a reaction resin concrete.
  2. A machine body according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the wall (14) is substantially the height of the pillar (12).
  3. A machine body according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the load-bearing devices comprise at least one bracket (30) formed integrally with the wall (14), and protruding from the plane of the wall (14).
  4. A machine body according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that the load-bearing devices (30) serve to receive tools.
  5. A machine body according to Claim 4,
    characterised in that a guide (36) for a handling unit for changing the tools between the load-bearing devices (30) and the work spindle of the headstock is disposed above the load-bearing devices (30) extending lengthwise in the longitudinal direction of the wall (14).
  6. A machine body according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that the wall (14) serves as an assembly wall and/or as a housing wall for supply and/or control devices of the machining centre.
EP93113241A 1992-09-14 1993-08-19 Machine body for machine tools Expired - Lifetime EP0588090B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230502 1992-09-14
DE4230502A DE4230502C1 (en) 1992-09-14 1992-09-14 Machine frame for a machining center

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588090A2 EP0588090A2 (en) 1994-03-23
EP0588090A3 EP0588090A3 (en) 1994-07-27
EP0588090B1 true EP0588090B1 (en) 1996-03-20

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ID=6467779

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EP93113241A Expired - Lifetime EP0588090B1 (en) 1992-09-14 1993-08-19 Machine body for machine tools

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US (1) US5415610A (en)
EP (1) EP0588090B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06155205A (en)
KR (1) KR940006698A (en)
AT (1) ATE135615T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4230502C1 (en)
TW (1) TW262423B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW262423B (en) 1995-11-11
US5415610A (en) 1995-05-16
DE59301947D1 (en) 1996-04-25
JPH06155205A (en) 1994-06-03
ATE135615T1 (en) 1996-04-15
EP0588090A2 (en) 1994-03-23
DE4230502C1 (en) 1994-03-10
EP0588090A3 (en) 1994-07-27
KR940006698A (en) 1994-04-25

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