EP0578811B1 - Self-locking safety syringe - Google Patents
Self-locking safety syringe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0578811B1 EP0578811B1 EP93904547A EP93904547A EP0578811B1 EP 0578811 B1 EP0578811 B1 EP 0578811B1 EP 93904547 A EP93904547 A EP 93904547A EP 93904547 A EP93904547 A EP 93904547A EP 0578811 B1 EP0578811 B1 EP 0578811B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- needle guard
- needle
- syringe
- locking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
- A61M5/3271—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel with guiding tracks for controlled sliding of needle protective sleeve from needle exposing to needle covering position
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
- A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
- A61M2005/3267—Biased sleeves where the needle is uncovered by insertion of the needle into a patient's body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/1782—Devices aiding filling of syringes in situ
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/3129—Syringe barrels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31501—Means for blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston
- A61M5/31505—Integral with the syringe barrel, i.e. connected to the barrel so as to make up a single complete piece or unit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
- A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
Definitions
- This invention relates to medical equipment, and more particularly to a safety syringe designed to prevent accidental needle stick injuries by medical personnel, particularly with respect to contaminated needles.
- the present invention has a general objective of overcoming drawbacks and shortcomings associated with the prior art and provision of an inexpensive, easy to use self-locking safety syringe.
- US-A-4,894,055 discloses a self-locking safety syringe device comprising a tubular casing, a syringe barrel, a needle guard as well as locking means for the needle guard and misalignment preventing means.
- an object of the present invention to provide a self-locking safety syringe which is designed to prevent exposure of the needle.
- the device comprises an elongated tubular casing having a pair of aligned diametrically opposite openings, the casing housing an elongated needle guard which is telescopically connected to the casing in co-axial alignment therewith and is adapted for movement between a first position, substantially covering a needle assembly of a syringe and a progressively retracted position.
- a pair of depressible locking tabs are attached to the needle guard and extend through the openings formed in the casing to lock the needle guard in its first position, when the syringe is not in use.
- a coil spring continuously urges the needle guard to the first position, the tension of the spring being overcome only by a double safety mechanism: by depressing the locking tabs and exerting a pressure on a forward end of the needle guard, so as to move the needle guard inwardly into the casing and inject the needle.
- the syringe barrel is co-aligned positioned with the needle guard and is fixedly attached at its outer end, to a transverse flange of the casing.
- One end of the casing is partially closed by a transverse flange having a central opening therein.
- a plunger which carries a syringe piston on the innermost end is received through that opening in the transverse flange and moves within the syringe barrel to create vacuum and allow drawing of medicine into the syringe.
- a pair of angularly inclined abutting shoulders on the casing and the needle guard prevent complete disengagement of the needle guard from the casing.
- Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the device in accordance with the present invention.
- the device 10 comprises a needle guard 12, a barrel casing 14, a syringe barrel 16, a plunger 18, and a needle assembly 20.
- the needle guard 12 comprises a first, nose portion 22, a second, middle portion 24, and a third, inner portion 26.
- the first portion 22 is a reduced diameter portion adapted for contact with a medication bottle 28 (See Figure 4).
- the first, nose portion 22 of the needle guard 12 will contact the outer rim of the bottle top 30, while in other cases, the first portion 22 will "snap" into the bottle neck of the bottle 28, as illustrated in Figure 4, and lock with the bottle by engaging an annular inner ridge 34 formed in the bottle 28 neck by an annular groove 36.
- the nose portion 22 has a forward most end 23 which has a progressively small diameter and conically flaring wall 25.
- a central opening 38 is made in the outermost end of the first portion 22 to allow the needle 92 to pass therethrough during an injection, or drawing of medicine from the bottle 28.
- the middle portion 24 of the needle guard 12 has an enlarged diameter in comparison with the first portion 22 and has a greater length, so as to completely cover the needle assembly 20 and extend, to some degree, in a telescopical relation within the casing 14.
- the innermost end of the middle portion 24 terminates with an outwardly, annularly
- the third, still greater diameter portion 26 extends co-axially with the portions 22, 24 and is provided with a central opening 42 having a diameter substantially greater than a diameter of the syringe barrel 16, which is positioned inside the needle guard 12 and the casing 14. It should be noted that the needle guard middle portion 24 is also hollow and has a central opening which is slightly greater than the outer diameter of the syringe barrel 16.
- An annular groove 48 is formed in the shoulder 44, the groove receiving one end of a tension spring 50 ( Figure 2), which surrounds the barrel 16 and urges at its distant end against the shoulder 44 and the groove 48 formed therein.
- a pair of locking tabs 52 and 54 Integrally formed with an inner wall 46 ( Figure 3) of the inner portion 26 are a pair of locking tabs 52 and 54, which are designed to be compressed by fingers of the user, so as to force them inwardly towards the center of the needle guard 12.
- a pair of openings 56 and 58 are formed forwardly from the locking tabs 52 and 54 to allow for full compression of the tabs.
- tabs 52 and 54 be mounted on tab supports 60, 62 in such a manner, as to allow spring-like movement of the tabs outwardly through openings 64 and 66, which are made in the wall of the casing 14 in alignment with the tabs 52, 54.
- the locking tabs 52 and 54 extend outwardly through the openings 64 and 66 and prevent movement of the needle guard 12 in relation to the casing 14.
- the tabs 52 and 54 are depressed to a degree sufficient to move them from their position illustrated in Figure 3 inwardly, such that the outward surface of the tabs 52 and 54 can recess inwardly into locking tab grooves 200 and 202 of the casing 14, the telescopical movement between the needle guard 12 and the casing 14 becomes possible.
- the inner portion 26 of the needle guard 12 is further provided with at least one outwardly extending ridge, or runner, 70 which extends in a parallel relationship to the central axis of the needle guard 12.
- a matching elongated groove 72 is formed in the interior wall of the casing 14 to receive the runner 70 therein and to prevent the needle guard 12 from rotating about its axis and twisting, while moving longitudinally in telescopical relationship within the casing 14.
- the runner/groove assembly helps prevent misalignment of the locking tabs 52 and 54 during operation, such that it is assured that locking tabs 52 an 54 will spring outwardly, locking through the openings 64 and 66.
- the casing 14 is formed as an elongated tubular body having a pair of diametrically opposite openings 64 and 66, as was described above, adapted to receive the locking tabs 52 and 54 therethrough.
- One end 76 of the casing 14 is open to receive the needle guard 12 therethrough.
- the opposite end 78 of the casing 14 is partially closed by an enlarged diameter flange plate 80 which has a central opening 82 therein in co-alignment with a central axis of the casing 14.
- the opening 82 has an outer perimeter symmetrical in shape to that of the syringe barrel 16.
- An end plate 17 of the barrel 16 is sized and shaped to "snap" into a specially recessed groove 81 formed in the outer surface 83 of the flange plate 80, such that opening 19 of the syringe barrel is in co--alignment with the central axis of the casing 14.
- a second recessed groove 120 is formed in the outer surface 83 of the flange plate 80 to receive a sealing plate 122 therein.
- the groove 120 is greater in overall surface area than the groove 81, since the size of the sealing plate 122 is greater than that of the end plate 17.
- the groove 120 is not as deep as the groove 81, as can be better seen in Figure 12.
- the openings 124 are formed closer to the outer perimeter of the flange plate 80 and do not communicate with the groove 81.
- the walls defining the openings 124 are provided with angularly oriented extensions 126 which are adapted to engage matching projections 128 formed on pins 130.
- the pins 130 serve as attachment members for a sealing plate 122, which is sized and shaped to snugly fit within the groove 120, so as to prevent disengagement of the syringe barrel 16 from the casing 14. When "snapped" in place, the sealing plate 122 forces the pins 130 into the corresponding openings 124.
- the projections 128 are oriented in an opposite direction in relation to the extensions 126. In this manner, the sealing plate 122 and the syringe barrel 16 cannot be separated from the casing 14 without using extreme force.
- the pins 130 can be equidistantly located on the sealing plate 122, or grouped in pairs, as shown in the preferred embodiment, wherein a non-circular shape of the plate 122 is used.
- the tension spring 50 urges with its second end against the inner surface of the flange plate 80 and, in its normally expended position, forces the needle guard 12 outwardly from the casing 14 to a position illustrated in Figure 1, fully covering the needle assembly 20.
- the needle guard 12 moves against the force of the spring 50 inwardly in relation to the casing 14 to a position illustrated in Figure 4, introducing the needle 92 and allowing to perform an injection or to withdraw medication from the bottle 28.
- the spring 50 is strong enough to continuously urge the needle guard 12 outwardly to a position shown in Figure 1, when the tabs 54 and 56 are not compressed, that is when they extend outwardly from their openings in the casing 14.
- the spring 50 is made sort enough to permit performing of injections to a patient without undue pressure on the tissue around the injection site.
- the casing 14 is provided with an inwardly extending shoulder 88 (see Figure 2) which is inclined at an angle to match the angle of the outwardly extending shoulder 40 of the needle guard 12.
- the shoulder 88 acts as a stop, limiting movement of the needle guard 12 in relation to the casing 14 outwardly therefrom. Thereby, full disengagement of the needle guard 12 from the casing 14 is prevented.
- a syringe barrel 16 Mounted inside the needle guard 12 and extending substantially through the entire length is a syringe barrel 16, which is similar in size and construction to a conventional syringe barrel and can be of a size to accept three cc of liquid, or more.
- a measuring indicia 90 can be imprinted on the outside of the casing 14, or the syringe barrel 16 to permit precise measuring of the liquid introduced into the syringe barrel 16.
- the needle assembly 20 Mounted on the forward end of the barrel 16, in a fixed relationship thereto, is the needle assembly 20 which has a needle 92 extending outwardly from a securing portion 94 thereof. The needle assembly 20 is similarly engaged with the barrel 16 to prevent introduction of air into the hermetically sealable interior of the barrel 16.
- a syringe plunger 84 is received in slidable engagement within the barrel 16, and has a length greater than the length of the syringe barrel 16, extending at 96 outwardly from the casing 14 and terminating with an enlarged diameter end plate 98.
- the plunger 84 carries a piston assembly 86 on its inward portion, which frictionally engages the interior wall of the syringe barrel 16 and allows to create a vacuum in the most forward end 100 of the barrel 16, when moving outwardly from the barrel 16.
- the piston assembly 86 is formed with a sealing member 102 for sealing with the syringe barrel wall, and to insure that no air is allowed to escape past the sealing member 102.
- a measuring indicia can also be printed on the plunger 84. It is preferred, therefore, that the casing 14 be formed from a transparent material to allow reading of the measuring indicia by the user.
- the sealing member 102 has an opening 104 therein which is sized and shaped to receive an outwardly protruding rod 106, which is affixed to the elongated portion 84 of the plunger 18.
- a nurse removes the device 10 from its sterile packaging, wherein the device 10 is kept in a locked position illustrated in Figure 1 until ready to use.
- the nurse then compresses the tabs 52 and 54 and moves the nose 22 in contact with the neck of a medication bottle 28.
- the user By slightly pushing against the force of the spring 50, the user allows the needle guard 12 to move inwardly, telescopically in relationship to the casing 14 and introduces the sharp needle 92 into the medication bottle 28.
- a continuous pressure on the flange plate 80 will cause the needle 92 to further penetrate into the interior of the medication bottle 28.
- the tabs 52 and 54 are fully compressed and travel with the needle guard 12 along the locking tab grooves 200 and 202 within the casing 14.
- the spring 50 is compressed to a position shown in Figure 4, and the fingers of the user are positioned at the base of the syringe, so as not to cover openings 64 and 66.
- the nurse operates the plunger 84, moving it outwardly from the syringe barrel 16 and allows introduction of the medication into the syringe barrel 16.
- the nurse removes safety syringe 10 from the medication vial, taking care not to cover openings 64 and 66, and the spring 50 forces the needle guard 12 outwardly, again covering the needle 92, and automatically locking it in its most extended position.
- the nurse again pulls on the casing 14 withdrawing it from the patient, while simultaneously the spring 50 extends again and forces the needle guard into a position completely covering the needle 92.
- the device 10 of the present invention has a double security locking system: in the form of the locking tabs 52 and 54 and of the engagement between the casing 14 and the needle guard 12, whereby the needle 92 cannot be injected until pressure is applied to the nose portion 22, while the locking tabs 52 and 54 are compressed.
- the sealing plate 132 can be made without the locking pins 130. In such a case, the sealing plate will simply "snap" into the groove 120, similar to the end plate 17 of the syringe barrel 16.
- the device 10 can be made from clear, transparent plastic, with the exception, of course, of the needle 92.
- the piston assembly 86 can be made from a resilient compressible material, such as rubber, or other suitable material.
- the spring 50 can be made from steel, or a material having similar physical properties.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to medical equipment, and more particularly to a safety syringe designed to prevent accidental needle stick injuries by medical personnel, particularly with respect to contaminated needles.
- The ever increasing spread of diseases transmitted by blood and other bodily fluids, such as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Hepatitis B, creates a real threat to medical personnel of accidental inadvertent, puncturing of the skin by a syringe needle, which has been in contact with an infected patient and transmittal of the often fatal disease to the unfortunate medical attendant. Despite educational programs carried by many hospitals, every day somewhere in the United States at least one nurse or a medical attendant, who comes into contact with an infected syringe needle, will become punctured by such needle, while trying to dispose of the used syringe or during any other manipulation of dirty syringes.
- Various attempts have been made to resolve this problem by proposing to use a protective syringe needle guard, which would cover the needle when the syringe is not in use and prevent the needle from being exposed during those times. However, such devices are expensive to manufacture, difficult to use, requiring several steps in preparing the syringe for utilization and, so far, have not found wide acceptance in the medical profession.
- The present invention has a general objective of overcoming drawbacks and shortcomings associated with the prior art and provision of an inexpensive, easy to use self-locking safety syringe.
- US-A-4,894,055 discloses a self-locking safety syringe device comprising a tubular casing, a syringe barrel, a needle guard as well as locking means for the needle guard and misalignment preventing means.
- In accordance with the present invention, a self-locking safety syringe device as set forth in claim 1 is provided. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a self-locking safety syringe which is designed to prevent exposure of the needle.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a locking device for covering the needle, which is easy to use and inexpensive to manufacture.
- It is a further object of the present invention to provide a needle guard which is equipped with means to prevent free rotation of the needle guard within a protective casing.
- These and other objects of the present invention are achieved through a provision of a safety guard device for a syringe needle as set forth in claim 1. Preferably, the device comprises an elongated tubular casing having a pair of aligned diametrically opposite openings, the casing housing an elongated needle guard which is telescopically connected to the casing in co-axial alignment therewith and is adapted for movement between a first position, substantially covering a needle assembly of a syringe and a progressively retracted position. A pair of depressible locking tabs are attached to the needle guard and extend through the openings formed in the casing to lock the needle guard in its first position, when the syringe is not in use. A coil spring continuously urges the needle guard to the first position, the tension of the spring being overcome only by a double safety mechanism: by depressing the locking tabs and exerting a pressure on a forward end of the needle guard, so as to move the needle guard inwardly into the casing and inject the needle.
- The syringe barrel is co-aligned positioned with the needle guard and is fixedly attached at its outer end, to a transverse flange of the casing.
- One end of the casing is partially closed by a transverse flange having a central opening therein. A plunger which carries a syringe piston on the innermost end is received through that opening in the transverse flange and moves within the syringe barrel to create vacuum and allow drawing of medicine into the syringe.
- A pair of angularly inclined abutting shoulders on the casing and the needle guard prevent complete disengagement of the needle guard from the casing.
- Reference will now be made to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals, and wherein Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the device in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a detail plan view of the locking portion of the device of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a detail plan view taken at 90 degrees from the view shown in Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating the device of the present invention in use during drawing of medicine from a bottle, and immediately prior to removing the syringe from the bottle.
- Figure 5 is an exploded view of the device in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 6 is an exploded plan view of the device.
- Figure 7 is a perspective view illustrating the device of the present invention in use during an injection.
- Figure 8 is a detail view of a plunger of the syringe.
- Figure 9 is a detail end view of a sealing plate.
- Figure 10 is a detail side view of the sealing plate.
- Figure 11 is a top view of the sealing plate.
- Figure 12 is a detail exploded plan view of a barrel casing and sealing plate.
-
- Referring now to the drawings in more detail,
numeral 10 of Figure 1 designates the device of the present invention. Thedevice 10 comprises aneedle guard 12, abarrel casing 14, asyringe barrel 16, aplunger 18, and aneedle assembly 20. - The
needle guard 12 comprises a first,nose portion 22, a second,middle portion 24, and a third,inner portion 26. As can be seen in the drawings, thefirst portion 22 is a reduced diameter portion adapted for contact with a medication bottle 28 (See Figure 4). In some cases, the first,nose portion 22 of theneedle guard 12 will contact the outer rim of thebottle top 30, while in other cases, thefirst portion 22 will "snap" into the bottle neck of thebottle 28, as illustrated in Figure 4, and lock with the bottle by engaging an annularinner ridge 34 formed in thebottle 28 neck by anannular groove 36. Thenose portion 22 has a forwardmost end 23 which has a progressively small diameter and conically flaringwall 25. - A
central opening 38 is made in the outermost end of thefirst portion 22 to allow theneedle 92 to pass therethrough during an injection, or drawing of medicine from thebottle 28. - The
middle portion 24 of theneedle guard 12 has an enlarged diameter in comparison with thefirst portion 22 and has a greater length, so as to completely cover theneedle assembly 20 and extend, to some degree, in a telescopical relation within thecasing 14. The innermost end of themiddle portion 24 terminates with an outwardly, annularly - extending
shoulder 44 which is formed at a sharp angle to the annular wall of themiddle portion 24 and extends outwardly therefrom. - The third, still
greater diameter portion 26 extends co-axially with theportions central opening 42 having a diameter substantially greater than a diameter of thesyringe barrel 16, which is positioned inside theneedle guard 12 and thecasing 14. It should be noted that the needleguard middle portion 24 is also hollow and has a central opening which is slightly greater than the outer diameter of thesyringe barrel 16. - An
annular groove 48 is formed in theshoulder 44, the groove receiving one end of a tension spring 50 (Figure 2), which surrounds thebarrel 16 and urges at its distant end against theshoulder 44 and thegroove 48 formed therein. - Integrally formed with an inner wall 46 (Figure 3) of the
inner portion 26 are a pair oflocking tabs needle guard 12. A pair ofopenings locking tabs - It is preferred that the
tabs openings casing 14 in alignment with thetabs - When the
syringe needle 92 is covered by theneedle guard 12, thelocking tabs openings needle guard 12 in relation to thecasing 14. However, when thetabs tabs locking tab grooves casing 14, the telescopical movement between theneedle guard 12 and thecasing 14 becomes possible. - The
inner portion 26 of theneedle guard 12 is further provided with at least one outwardly extending ridge, or runner, 70 which extends in a parallel relationship to the central axis of theneedle guard 12. A matchingelongated groove 72 is formed in the interior wall of thecasing 14 to receive therunner 70 therein and to prevent theneedle guard 12 from rotating about its axis and twisting, while moving longitudinally in telescopical relationship within thecasing 14. The runner/groove assembly helps prevent misalignment of thelocking tabs locking tabs 52 an 54 will spring outwardly, locking through theopenings - The
casing 14 is formed as an elongated tubular body having a pair of diametricallyopposite openings locking tabs end 76 of thecasing 14 is open to receive theneedle guard 12 therethrough. The opposite end 78 of thecasing 14 is partially closed by an enlargeddiameter flange plate 80 which has a central opening 82 therein in co-alignment with a central axis of thecasing 14. - The opening 82 has an outer perimeter symmetrical in shape to that of the
syringe barrel 16. Anend plate 17 of thebarrel 16 is sized and shaped to "snap" into a speciallyrecessed groove 81 formed in theouter surface 83 of theflange plate 80, such that opening 19 of the syringe barrel is in co--alignment with the central axis of thecasing 14. - A second recessed
groove 120 is formed in theouter surface 83 of theflange plate 80 to receive asealing plate 122 therein. Thegroove 120 is greater in overall surface area than thegroove 81, since the size of thesealing plate 122 is greater than that of theend plate 17. Thegroove 120 is not as deep as thegroove 81, as can be better seen in Figure 12. - Extending inwardly towards the
inner surface 85 of theflange plate 80 are a plurality ofopenings 124 which extend from the bottom surface of thegroove 120 towards thesurface 85 of theflange plate 80. Theopenings 124 are formed closer to the outer perimeter of theflange plate 80 and do not communicate with thegroove 81. - The walls defining the
openings 124 are provided with angularly orientedextensions 126 which are adapted to engage matchingprojections 128 formed onpins 130. Thepins 130 serve as attachment members for asealing plate 122, which is sized and shaped to snugly fit within thegroove 120, so as to prevent disengagement of thesyringe barrel 16 from thecasing 14. When "snapped" in place, the sealingplate 122 forces thepins 130 into the correspondingopenings 124. - It should be noted, that the
projections 128 are oriented in an opposite direction in relation to theextensions 126. In this manner, the sealingplate 122 and thesyringe barrel 16 cannot be separated from thecasing 14 without using extreme force. - Although the preferred embodiment illustrates the use of six transversely oriented
pins 130 with the sealingplate 122, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, that any other number of pins can be used for the purpose stated above. Thepins 130 can be equidistantly located on the sealingplate 122, or grouped in pairs, as shown in the preferred embodiment, wherein a non-circular shape of theplate 122 is used. - The
tension spring 50 urges with its second end against the inner surface of theflange plate 80 and, in its normally expended position, forces theneedle guard 12 outwardly from thecasing 14 to a position illustrated in Figure 1, fully covering theneedle assembly 20. - When the
tabs nose portion 22, theneedle guard 12 moves against the force of thespring 50 inwardly in relation to thecasing 14 to a position illustrated in Figure 4, introducing theneedle 92 and allowing to perform an injection or to withdraw medication from thebottle 28. - The
spring 50, however, is strong enough to continuously urge theneedle guard 12 outwardly to a position shown in Figure 1, when thetabs casing 14. Thespring 50 is made sort enough to permit performing of injections to a patient without undue pressure on the tissue around the injection site. - The
casing 14 is provided with an inwardly extending shoulder 88 (see Figure 2) which is inclined at an angle to match the angle of the outwardly extendingshoulder 40 of theneedle guard 12. Theshoulder 88 acts as a stop, limiting movement of theneedle guard 12 in relation to thecasing 14 outwardly therefrom. Thereby, full disengagement of theneedle guard 12 from thecasing 14 is prevented. - Mounted inside the
needle guard 12 and extending substantially through the entire length is asyringe barrel 16, which is similar in size and construction to a conventional syringe barrel and can be of a size to accept three cc of liquid, or more. A measuring indicia 90 (see Figure 12) can be imprinted on the outside of thecasing 14, or thesyringe barrel 16 to permit precise measuring of the liquid introduced into thesyringe barrel 16. Mounted on the forward end of thebarrel 16, in a fixed relationship thereto, is theneedle assembly 20 which has aneedle 92 extending outwardly from a securingportion 94 thereof. Theneedle assembly 20 is similarly engaged with thebarrel 16 to prevent introduction of air into the hermetically sealable interior of thebarrel 16. - A
syringe plunger 84 is received in slidable engagement within thebarrel 16, and has a length greater than the length of thesyringe barrel 16, extending at 96 outwardly from thecasing 14 and terminating with an enlargeddiameter end plate 98. Theplunger 84 carries apiston assembly 86 on its inward portion, which frictionally engages the interior wall of thesyringe barrel 16 and allows to create a vacuum in the mostforward end 100 of thebarrel 16, when moving outwardly from thebarrel 16. - The
piston assembly 86 is formed with a sealingmember 102 for sealing with the syringe barrel wall, and to insure that no air is allowed to escape past the sealingmember 102. If desired, a measuring indicia can also be printed on theplunger 84. It is preferred, therefore, that thecasing 14 be formed from a transparent material to allow reading of the measuring indicia by the user. The sealingmember 102 has anopening 104 therein which is sized and shaped to receive an outwardlyprotruding rod 106, which is affixed to theelongated portion 84 of theplunger 18. - In operation, a nurse removes the
device 10 from its sterile packaging, wherein thedevice 10 is kept in a locked position illustrated in Figure 1 until ready to use. The nurse then compresses thetabs nose 22 in contact with the neck of amedication bottle 28. By slightly pushing against the force of thespring 50, the user allows theneedle guard 12 to move inwardly, telescopically in relationship to thecasing 14 and introduces thesharp needle 92 into themedication bottle 28. - A continuous pressure on the
flange plate 80 will cause theneedle 92 to further penetrate into the interior of themedication bottle 28. During that time, thetabs needle guard 12 along thelocking tab grooves casing 14. Thespring 50 is compressed to a position shown in Figure 4, and the fingers of the user are positioned at the base of the syringe, so as not to coveropenings plunger 84, moving it outwardly from thesyringe barrel 16 and allows introduction of the medication into thesyringe barrel 16. - Once the necessary amount is withdrawn, the nurse removes
safety syringe 10 from the medication vial, taking care not to coveropenings spring 50 forces theneedle guard 12 outwardly, again covering theneedle 92, and automatically locking it in its most extended position. - When the nurse contacts the skin of the patient in preparation to give the injection, she again compresses the
tabs casing 14 towards skin of patient, causes theneedle guard 12 to move inwardly into thecasing 14. The nurse injects theneedle 92 into the patient. Continuous pressure inward, while holdingcasing 14, forces the needle into the body tissue of the patient. Theplunger 84 is then again operated by pushing it inwardly to force the medication out of thesyringe barrel 16 into the patient's tissue through theneedle 92. The injection proceeds in a conventional manner. - Once this operation is completed, the nurse again pulls on the
casing 14 withdrawing it from the patient, while simultaneously thespring 50 extends again and forces the needle guard into a position completely covering theneedle 92. - As will be appreciated, the
device 10 of the present invention has a double security locking system: in the form of the lockingtabs casing 14 and theneedle guard 12, whereby theneedle 92 cannot be injected until pressure is applied to thenose portion 22, while the lockingtabs - Changes and modifications can be made within the design of the present invention. For example, the sealing plate 132 can be made without the locking pins 130. In such a case, the sealing plate will simply "snap" into the
groove 120, similar to theend plate 17 of thesyringe barrel 16. - The
device 10 can be made from clear, transparent plastic, with the exception, of course, of theneedle 92. Thepiston assembly 86 can be made from a resilient compressible material, such as rubber, or other suitable material. Thespring 50 can be made from steel, or a material having similar physical properties.
Claims (10)
- A self-locking safety syringe device (10), comprising:an elongated tubular casing (14);a syringe barrel (16) having a needle assembly (20) affixed thereto, said syringe barrel being securely attached to one end of the casing (14);an elongated hollow needle guard (12) telescopically coaxially engaged with the casing, said needle guard being movable between a first position, substantially covering the needle assembly, and a second retracted position, exposing the needle assembly;a resilient depressible means (52, 54) for normally locking the needle guard in the first position, said locking means being mounted between the needle guard and the casing;a tension spring means (50) continuously urging the needle guard to the first position, thereby preventing accidental movement of the needle guard into the second position; andmeans (70, 72) for preventing misalignment of the needle guard in relationship to the casing, said means comprising at least one outwardly extending runner (70) mounted on an outer surface of the needle guard and at least one enlongated groove (72) formed in an interior wall of the casing, the groove being sized and shaped to receive the runner in slidable engagement therein;
characzterized by
said resilient depressible means (52, 54) comprising a pair of depressible locking tabs (52, 54) fixedly attached to the needle guard and extending outwardly through corresponding aligned openings formed in the casing. - The self-locking safety syringe device of claim 1, wherein said tension spring means (50) continuously urge the needle guard to the first position, such that accidental movement of the needle guard into the second position is prevented even after the locking means has been depressed.
- The self-locking safety syringe device of claim 1 or 2, comprising:means (44) for limiting outward movement of the needle guard (12) in relationship to the casing (14); andwherein said limiting means (44) comprises an outwardly extending annular shoulder (40) formed on the needle guard (12) and an inwardly extending shoulder (88) formed in the casing, said shoulders (40, 88) abutting each other, when the needle guard (12) is moved to its most outwardly extending position in relation to the casing (14).
- The device of claim 3, wherein said shoulder (40) of the needle guard (12) and the shoulder (88) of the casing (14) extend in a matching inclined angle in relation to a longitudinal axis of the device.
- The device of claim 4, wherein said needle guard (12) has a first nose portion (22), a second middle portion (24) and a third inner portion (26), and wherein said limiting means (44) is formed at a line of attachment of the middle portion (24) to the inner portion (26).
- The self-locking safety syringe device (10) of any of claims 1-5, wherein said elongated casing (14) has a first open end (76), through which the needle guard extends, and a second, partially closed end (78), and wherein an enlarged diameter flange (80) is mounted on the second end (78), said flange (80) being provided with a central opening (82) which is sized and shaped to receive the syringe barrel (16) therethrough, the syringe barrel (16) having a syringe piston (18) on its innermost end, and an end plate (17) on its outermost end, said end plate engaging the flange (80) in a fixed engagement; and wherein said flange (80) is provided with a first recessed groove (81), which is sized and shaped to receive the end plate (80) in a locking engagement therein.
- The device of claim 6, further comprising a sealing plate (122) adapted to cover the end plate (17) locked within the flange (80).
- The device of claim 7, wherein said flange (80) is provided with a second groove (120) which is sized and shaped to receive the sealing plate (122) in a locking engagement therein.
- The self-locking safety syringe device of any of claims 1-8, wherein said tension spring means (50) comprises a coil spring mounted in circumferential relationship about the syringe barrel (16); and wherein an outwardly extending shoulder (44) is formed on the needle guard (12), said shoulder (44) being provided with an inner annular groove (48) and wherein one end of the coil spring (50) is received in said annular groove (48).
- The device of any of the preceding claims, wherein said locking means comprises a pair of depressible locking tabs (52, 54) fixedly attached to the needle guard (12) and extending outwardly through corresponding aligned openings (64, 66) formed in the casing (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/829,708 US5201708A (en) | 1992-02-03 | 1992-02-03 | Self-locking safety syringe |
US829708 | 1992-02-03 | ||
PCT/US1993/000513 WO1993014800A1 (en) | 1992-02-03 | 1993-01-11 | Self-locking safety syringe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0578811A1 EP0578811A1 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
EP0578811B1 true EP0578811B1 (en) | 1999-06-09 |
Family
ID=25255322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93904547A Expired - Lifetime EP0578811B1 (en) | 1992-02-03 | 1993-01-11 | Self-locking safety syringe |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5201708A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0578811B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06510467A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE180980T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU665239B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9303995A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2087571A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69325208D1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL104454A (en) |
MX (1) | MX9300577A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993014800A1 (en) |
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- 1992-02-03 US US07/829,708 patent/US5201708A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-11 JP JP5513312A patent/JPH06510467A/en active Pending
- 1993-01-11 EP EP93904547A patent/EP0578811B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-11 BR BR9303995A patent/BR9303995A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-11 DE DE69325208T patent/DE69325208D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-11 WO PCT/US1993/000513 patent/WO1993014800A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-01-11 AU AU35875/93A patent/AU665239B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-01-11 AT AT93904547T patent/ATE180980T1/en active
- 1993-01-19 CA CA002087571A patent/CA2087571A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-01-20 IL IL104454A patent/IL104454A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-02-03 MX MX9300577A patent/MX9300577A/en unknown
- 1993-04-12 US US08/046,039 patent/US5318538A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
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ATE180980T1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
IL104454A (en) | 1997-04-15 |
CA2087571A1 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
AU3587593A (en) | 1993-09-01 |
AU665239B2 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
MX9300577A (en) | 1993-08-01 |
BR9303995A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
IL104454A0 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
US5201708A (en) | 1993-04-13 |
JPH06510467A (en) | 1994-11-24 |
WO1993014800A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
US5318538A (en) | 1994-06-07 |
EP0578811A1 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
DE69325208D1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
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