EP0577183A1

EP0577183A1 - Photographic material comprising a combination of couplers forming washout dyes

Info

Publication number: EP0577183A1
Application number: EP93201785A
Authority: EP
Inventors: William James Eastman Kodak Company Begley; Hans Gway Eastman Kodak Company Ling; Drake Matthew Eastman Kodak Company Michno
Original assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
Current assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date: 1992-06-24
Filing date: 1993-06-21
Publication date: 1994-01-05
Also published as: JPH0651465A

Abstract

A color photographic element comprising a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer and a combination of at least two different couplers (A) and (B), coupler (A) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor or a timing group having a photographic development inhibitor, the timing group capable of providing timed release of said photographic development inhibitor and coupler (B) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor without time delay. Such a color photographic material enables formation of improved color images.

Description

Technical Field

This invention relates to a photographic material and processing comprising a combination of couplers at least two of which are couplers capable of forming wash-out dyes in a photographic material upon photographic processing to form an improved image.

Prior Art

Various ways are recognized in the photographic art for release of a photographic development inhibitor (INH) from a compound, such as a coupler, in a photographic material and process. For example, US-A-4,248,962 describes compounds that release photographically useful groups by means of an intramolecular nucleophilic displacement reaction in photographic materials. Other examples of means for release of photographically useful groups are described in, for example, US-A-4,409,323 and 4,861,701. These compounds, particularly couplers, capable of releasing a photographically useful group provide a degree of control over timing and rate of release as well as rate of diffusion and distance of diffusion of the photographically useful group.
The part of the compound that remains in the photographic material after release of the photographically useful group, (PUG), especially a development inhibitor group, and the dye that is formed in the material from reaction with oxidized color developer often provides undesired properties in the photographic material during or after photographic processing. For example the dye formed from a coupler upon release of a photographically useful group often adversely affects the desired image. One answer to this has been to provide a coupler that has a water solubilizing group on the parent coupler to enable the dye formed from the coupler to be washed-out of the photographic element upon photographic processing. Such couplers are described, for example, in US-A-4,482,629 and 5,026,628.

Assessment of the Art

A need has existed to provide a combination of couplers in a photographic material and process that enables formation of an improved image while enabling removal of wash-out dyes formed from the couplers during photographic processing. A need still exists to enable an imaging element within a photographic material capable of generating and receiving interlayer interimage effects by the use of silver development inhibitor groups with a high degree of control while enabling removal of unwanted dyes formed from compounds during photographic processing. Moreover, such needs have existed with the added parameter that such a combination of couplers must not require significant modification of the development inhibitor groups and such groups should not be released in a way that would adversely affect the ultimate end use of the groups.

Disclosure of the Invention

The present invention enables these advantages by means of a color photographic element comprising a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer and a combination of at least two different couplers wherein (a) at least one of the couplers is a coupler (A) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of release of a photographic development inhibitor group and (b) at least one of the couplers is a coupler (B) that upon reaction with oxidized developer is capable of releasing a coupling-off group that in sequence is capable of releasing a timing group and a photographic development inhibitor group or is capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor group in the absence of a timing group. Such a combination of couplers is especially useful to enable improved tailoring of interlayer interimage effects in the color photographic element and process, such as the interimage effects between the green and red layers of a color photographic element. This combination of couplers enables, for example, better control of color saturation, the sensitometric curve shape of the image and acutance of the image.
The coupler (A) can be any coupler that is capable upon reaction with oxidized developer, especially oxidized color developer, of forming a compound, preferably a dye, that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and is capable of release of a photographic development inhibitor group. The coupler (A) can be, for example, represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-(REL)_n-(TIME)_p-INH

wherein SOL is a water solubilizing group. SOL is known in the photographic art such as described in US-A-5,026,628. The water solubilizing group can be selected from such groups as carboxyl, sulfo, and hydroxyl groups which may also form a salt as described in U.S. Patent 4,482,629 (incorporated herein by reference) and is of sufficient hydrophilicity to impart good alkali solubility to the dye formed by the coupling reaction with an oxidized product of a color forming developing agent with the coupler (A). Preferred SOL groups are -CONH₂,
-CONHCH₃, -CO₂H, and -OH.
COUP is a coupler moiety, such as a cyan, magenta or yellow dye forming coupler moiety; REL is a releasing group known in the photographic art, such as described in U.S. Patent 5,026,628, preferably containing a photographic ballast group; n and p individually are 0 or 1; and INH is a releasable development inhibitor group, also known in the photographic art. Typical development inhibitor groups include compounds having a heterocyclic ring as described in, for example, US-A-4,782,012; 4,477,563; 4,886,736; 4,912,024; and 5,026,628, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred development inhibitor groups include mercaptotetrazoles, mercaptoxadiazoles, mercaptothiadiazoles and benzotriazoles.
The coupler (B) can be any coupler that upon reaction with oxidized developer is capable of releasing a coupling-off group that in sequence is capable of releasing a timing group, known in the photographic art, and a photographic development inhibitor group or is capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor group in the absence of a timing group. The coupler (B) can be represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-(TIME)_m-INH

wherein SOL is a water solubilizing group, as described; COUP is a coupler moiety, as described, such as a cyan, magenta or yellow dye forming coupler moiety, with the remainder of the molecule bonded at the coupling position; TIME is a releasable timing group capable upon photographic processing of timing release of INH, such as timing groups known in the photographic art, described in, for example, US-A-4,409,323 and 4,248,962; and y and m are 0, 1 or 2.
Preferably, the color photographic element comprises a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer and a combination of at least two different couplers (A) and (B), coupler (A) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor or capable of releasing a timing group having a photographic development inhibitor, the timing group capable of providing timed release of said photographic development inhibitor and coupler (B) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor without time delay, couplers (A) and (B) represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-(REL)_n-(TIME)_p-INH

wherein
SOL is a water solubilizing group;
COUP is a coupler moiety;
TIME is a timing group;
REL is a releasing group containing a photographic ballast group;
n and p individually are 0 or 1;
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group; and
y is 1 or 2.
The term solubilizing group (SOL) herein means any water solubilizing group that enables the dye formed from the couplers, as described, to be washed out of the photographic element upon photographic processing. Such solubilizing groups are preferably amide groups, such as CONH₂ or CONHCH₃, or carboxy groups as noted. The coupler moiety can have one or more solubilizing groups. The number and type of water solubilizing groups on the couplers as described should not be sufficient to make the couplers mobile in the photographic element prior to exposure and processing. The described REL and TIME groups can also contain water solubilizing groups if desired.
The term REL group herein means any releasing group known in the photographic art that is bonded to the coupling position of the coupler moiety and is capable of being released upon oxidative coupling of the coupler. The REL is not a timing group that enables any significant delay of release of the described development inhibitor moiety during photographic processing. The REL group preferably comprises a photographic ballast group.
The term TIME group herein means any timing group known in the photographic art that enable timing of release of the development inhibitor group during photographic processing of the described photographic element. The timing group is one described in, for example, US-A-4,409,323; 4,248,962 and 5,026,628.
TIME referred to herein is delay of release as measured by half-life and can extend to, but not beyond the normal period of time required for developing the photographic element. That is, in the present invention at least half of the INH that is coupled off must be released at the end of the developing period. Delay of release of INH is usually not less than about 5 seconds, preferably is in the range of 5 to 600 seconds and typically in the range of 10 to 100 seconds. This can be determined in most cases in an aqueous solution at pH 10 or pH 14.

A Detailed Account of at least one way of carrying out the Invention

In the present invention, REL, i.e. release, of the timing group in the development of a photographic element is without substantial delay. Release of the timing group (as measured by half-life), can occur in not normally greater than 5 seconds, preferably less than 2 to 3 seconds, and typically less than 1 second half-life. As noted, the half-life can be determined in most cases in an aqueous solution at pH 10 or pH 14.
By "aqueous solution at pH 10" is meant an aqueous solution containing 3% Triton X-100, (a non-ionic surfactant, available from the Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI.), at 23^oC and pH adjusted to 10 using phosphate buffer.
By "aqueous solution at pH 14" is meant an solution containing 45% acetonitrile and 55% aqueous 0.1N potassium hydroxide at 23^oC.
A preferred coupler (A) is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^1a can be hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^2a, R^3a and R^4a are individually hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, or a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH nor the ability of the dye formed upon reaction with oxidized developer from washing out of the photographic element;
R^5a can be hydrogen, methyl, or -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R, -SO₂NHR, -OCH₃, -NHCOR or -CONHR wherein R can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^2a, R^3a and R^4a is a photographic ballast group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group and may be selected from a mercaptotetrazole, mercaptooxadiazole, mercaptothiadiazole or benzotriazole inhibitor groups.
Another preferred coupler (A) is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^1b and R^2b can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^3b, R^4b and R^5b are individually hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, or a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^3b, R^4b and R^5b is a photographic ballast group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a development inhibitor group as described.
The term alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms herein means that the groups enable sufficient water solubility for the dye formed to be washed out of the photographic element upon processing which can for example, contain a water solublizing group.
And yet another preferred coupler (A), capable of forming a washout dye, is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^6a can be hydrogen, alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^7a or R^12a can be hydrogen, methyl, or -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^15a, -SO₂NHR^15a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^15a or -CONHR^15a wherein R^15a can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which do not adversely affect the release of INH such as -NO₂, Cl, -OCH₃, -CONHCH₃, NHCOCH₃, SO₂NHCH₃;
R^8a can be hydrogen, methyl, or -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^16a, -SO₂NHR^16a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^16a or -CONHR^16a wherein R^16a can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
R^9a or R^10a can be hydrogen, methyl, substituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
s can be 0 or 1;
R^13a or R^14a can be hydrogen, methyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms;
at least one of R^8a, R^9a, R^10a and R^11a is a photographic ballast; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group as described previously.
It will be appreciated that the first part of the coupling off group directly bonded to the coupling position of the coupler may contain a carbamate type group releasing through intramolecular cyclisation reaction which may be replaced with a quinone-methide group or other such group releasing through an elimination reaction.
A preferred coupler (B) is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^1a can be hydrogen, alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^2a, R^3a and R^4a are individually hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, or a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^5a can be hydrogen, methyl, or -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R, -SO₂NHR, -OCH₃, -NHCOR or -CONHR wherein R can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^2a, R^3a and R^4a is a photographic ballast group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group and may be selected from a mercaptotetrazole, mercaptooxadiazole, mercaptothiadiazole or benzotriazole inhibitor groups.
Another preferred coupler (B) is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^1b and R^2b can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^3b, R^4b and R^5b are individually hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, or a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^3b, R^4b and R^5b is a photographic ballast group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a development inhibitor group as described.
The term alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms herein means that the groups enable sufficient water solubility for the dye formed to be washed out of the photographic element upon processing which can for example, contain a water solublizing group.
And yet another preferred coupler (B), capable of forming a washout dye, is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^6a can be hydrogen, alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group as described;
R^7a or R^12a can be hydrogen, methyl, or -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^15a, -SO₂NHR^15a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^15a or -CONHR^15a wherein R^15a can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which do not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^8a can be hydrogen, methyl, or
-NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^16a, -SO₂NHR^16a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^16a or
-CONHR^16a wherein R^16a can be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
R^9a, R^10a or R^11a can be hydrogen, methyl, substituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
s can be 0 or 1;
at least one of R^8a, R^9a, R^10a and R^11a is a photographic ballast;
R^13a or R^14a can be hydrogen, methyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group as described previously.
It will be appreciated that the first part of the coupling off group directly bonded to the coupling position of the coupler may contain a carbamate type group releasing through intramolecular cyclisation reaction which may be replaced with a quinone-methide group or other such group releasing through an elimination reaction.
Another preferred coupler (B) is represented by the formula:

wherein
R^6b and R^7b are selected from substituted or unsubstituted alky or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms;
R^8b is selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^15a, -SO₂NHR^15a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^15a and -CONHR^15a and R^15a is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms and which do not adversely affect the release of INH;;
R^9b and R^10b is selected from hydrogen, methyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
R^11b can be methyl, substituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
s is 0 or 1;
at least one of R^8b, R^9b, R^10b, and R^11b contains a photographic ballast; and
INH is a development inhibitor group.
Preferred examples of coupler (A) are as follows:

Preferred examples of coupler (B) are as follows:

While above compounds have been shown using a nitro group, it will be appreciated that other electron withdrawing groups such as sulfones, nitriles and halogens such as chlorine can be used.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is a color photographic element comprising a support bearing;
at least one red sensitive photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprising at least one cyan image dye-forming coupler;
at least one green sensitive photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprising at least one magenta image dye-forming coupler, such as a pyrazolone, a pyrazolotriazole or polymeric magenta image dye-forming coupler, and a combination of couplers (A) and (B) as described; and,
at least one blue sensitive photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprising at least one yellow image dye-forming coupler. The combination of the couplers (A) and (B) in at least one of the magenta image dye-forming layers is especially useful to enable advantageous interimage effects that provide improved color images.
The ratios and concentrations of the couplers (A) and (B) in the described photographic element can vary depending upon such factors as the desired image, the particular silver halide emulsions in the element, photographic processing, the strength of the development inhibitor, other components in the element, and the like. The ratio of coupler (A) to (B) can be within the range of 0.1 to 20, preferrably 0.3 to 15, and typically 0.3 to 10.
The hue of the color image in a layer containing couplers (A) and (B) can be the same as or different from the hues of the dyes formed from the couplers (A) and (B). For example, the couplers (A) and (B) can form a cyan colored dye in layer comprising an image dye-forming coupler that forms a magenta dye image. Couplers (A) and (B) form no permanent dyes and can be used in or in associative contact with any dye forming element.
As used herein, a ballast group is known in the photographic art. The photographic ballast group as described is an organic group of such size and configuration as to confer on the molecule sufficient bulk to render the molecule substantially non-diffusible from the layer in which it is coated in a photographic element. Representative ballast groups include substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, ester, carbonamide, carbamoyl, sulfonamide, sulfamoyl, sulfone, sulfoxide and alkoxy groups typically containing 8 to 40 carbon atoms.
As used herein the terms "coupler" and "coupler compound" refer to the entire compound, including the coupler moiety and the coupling-off group including the INH. The term "coupler moiety" refers to that portion of the compound other than the coupling-off group.
The coupler moiety (COUP) can be any moiety that will react with oxidized color developing agent to cleave the bond between the coupling-off group and the coupler moiety. The coupler moiety herein includes coupler moieties employed in conventional color-forming couplers that yield colorless products on reaction with oxidized color developing agents as well as coupler moieties that yield colored products on reaction with oxidized color developing agents. Both types of coupler moieties are well known to those skilled in the photographic art.
The coupler moiety can be ballasted or unballasted provided that the dye formed upon oxidative coupling with the unballasted coupler is capable of being washed out of the photographic element. It can be monomeric, or it can be part of a dimeric, oligomeric or polymeric coupler.
The photographic element can also comprise a coupler that is capable of releasing another photographic reagent or a photographic dye. A photographic reagent herein is a moiety that upon release further reacts with components in the photographic element, such as a development inhibitor, a development accelerator, a bleach inhibitor, a bleach accelerator, a coupler (for example, a competing coupler, a dye-forming coupler, or a development inhibitor releasing coupler [DIR coupler]), a dye precursor, a dye, a developing agent (for example, a competing developing agent, a dye-forming developing agent, or a silver halide developing agent), a silver complexing agent, a fixing agent, an image toner, a stabilizer, a hardener, a tanning agent, a fogging agent, an ultraviolet radiation absorber, an antifoggant, a nucleator, a chemical or spectral sensitizer or a desensitizer.
The INH can be present in the coupling-off group as a preformed species or it can be present in a blocked form or as a precursor. The INH can be in particular a preformed development inhibitor or the development inhibiting function can be blocked.
There follows a listing of patents and publications that describe representative COUP groups useful in the invention:

I. COUP's

A. Couplers which form cyan dyes upon reaction with oxidized color developing agents are described in such representative patents and publications as: US-A-2,772,162; 2,895,826; 3,002,836; 3,034,892; 2,474,293; 2,423,730; 2,367,531; 3,041,236; 4,333,999 and "Farbkuppler-eine Literaturübersicht," published in Agfa Mitteilungen, Band III, pp. 156-175 (1961). Preferably such couplers are phenols and naphthols that form cyan dyes on reaction with oxidized color developing agent.
B. Couplers which form magenta dyes upon reaction with oxidized color developing agent are described in such representative patents and publications as: US-A-2,600,788; 2,369,489; 2,343,703; 2,311,082; 3,152,896; 3,519,429; 3,062,653; 2,908,573 and "Farbkuppler-eine Literaturübersicht," published in Agfa Mitteilungen, Band III, pp. 126-156 (1961).
Preferably such couplers are pyrazolones and pyrazolotriazoles that form magenta dyes upon reaction with oxidized color developing agents.
C. Couplers which form yellow dyes upon reaction with oxidized and color developing agent are described in such representative patents and publications as: US-A-2,875,057; 2,407,210; 3,265,506; 2,298,443; 3,048,194; 3,447,928 and "Farbkuppler-eine Literaturübersicht," published in Agfa Mitteilungen, Band III, pp. 112-126 (1961).
Preferably such yellow-dye forming couplers are acylacetamides, such as benzolyacetamides and pivaloylacetamides.
D. Couplers which form colorless products upon reaction with oxidized color developing agent are described in such representative patents as: U.K. Patent No. 861,138; US-A-3,632,345; 3,928, 041; 3,958,993 and 3,961,959.

INH can be any releasable development inhibitor group. Typical INH groups are described in, for example US-A-4,477,563; 4,782,012; 4,886,736; 4,912,024; 4,959,299; and 5,026,628; the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred development inhibitor groups are heterocyclic inhibitor groups which for example, include mercaptotetrazoles, mercaptoxadiazoles, mercaptothiadiazoles and benzotriazoles. Structures A-1 through A-8 as follows, represent typical releasable development inhibitor groups.

wherein
R_b, R_e, R_h, and R_i are individually hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, 1-ethylpentyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, substituted phenyl, unsubstituted phenyl; substituted or unsubstituted phenyl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms; alkylthio, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or octylthio; or alkyl esters such as -CO₂CH₃, -CO₂C₂H₅, -CO₂C₃H₇, -CO₂C₄H₉, CH₂CO₂CH₃, -CH₂CO₂C₂H₅, -CH₂CO₂C₃H₇, -CH₂CO₂C₄H₉, - CH₂CH₂CO₂CH₃, -CH₂CH₂CO₂C₂H₅, -CH₂CH₂CO₂C₃H₇, and - CH₂CH₂CO₂C₄H₉; or aryl esters such as -CO₂R_j, - CH₂CO₂R_j, -CH₂CH₂CO₂R_j, wherein R_j is substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
wherein
R_c, R_d, R_f, and R_g are as described for R_b, R_e, R_h, and R_i; or, are individually one or more halogen such as chloro, fluoro, or bromo; carboxyl, esters or other substituents such as -NHCOCH₃, -SO₂OCH₃, - OCH₂CH₂SO₂CH₃, -OCOCH₂CH₃, -NHCOCH₃ or nitro groups.
The photographic couplers of the invention can be incorporated in photographic elements by means and precesses known in the photographic art. In a photographic element prior to exposure and processing the photographic coupler should be of such size and configuration that it will not diffuse through the photographic layers.
Photographic elements of this invention can be processed by conventional techniques in which color forming couplers and color developing agents are incorporated in separate processing solutions or compositions or in the element.
Photographic elements in which the compounds of this invention are incorporated can be a simple element comprising a support and a single silver halide emulsion layer or they can be multilayer, multicolor elements. The compounds of this invention can be incorporated in at least one of the silver halide emulsion layers and/or in at least one other layer, such as an adjacent layer, where they will come into reactive association with oxidized color developing agent which has developed silver halide in the emulsion layer. The silver halide emulsion layer can contain or have associated with it, other photographic coupler compounds, such as dye-forming couplers, colored masking couplers, and/or competing couplers. These other photographic couplers can form dyes of the same or different color and hue as the photographic couplers of this invention. Additionally, the silver halide emulsion layers and other layers of the photographic element can contain addenda conventionally contained in such layers.
Each silver halide emulsion unit can be composed of one or more layers and the various units and layers can be arranged in different locations with respect to one another.
The light sensitive silver halide emulsions can include coarse, regular or fine grain silver halide crystals or mixtures thereof and can be comprised of such silver halides as silver chloride, silver bromide, silver bromoiodide, silver chlorobromide, silver chloroiodide, silver chlorobromoiodide and mixtures thereof. The emulsions can be negative-working or direct-positive emulsions. They can form latent images predominantly on the surface of the silver halide grains or predominantly on the interior of the silver halide grains. They can be chemically and spectrally sensitized. The emulsions typically will be gelatin emulsions although other hydrophilic colloids are useful. Especially preferred are the combinations of T-grains and conventional emulsions. Highly preferred are T-grains and conventional emulsions with high cubic character. Tabular grain light sensitive silver halides are particularly useful such as described in Research Disclosure, January 1983, Item No. 22534 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,434,226.
The support can be any support used with photographic elements. Typical supports include cellulose nitrate film, cellulose acetate film, polyvinylacetal film, polyethylene terephthalate film, polycarbonate film and related films or resinous materials as well as glass, paper, metal and the like. Typically, a flexible support is employed, such as a polymeric film or paper support. Paper supports can be acetylated or coated with baryta and/or an α-olefin polymer, particularly a polymer of an α-olefin containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-butene copolymers and the like.
The photographic couplers as described, can be used in photographic elements in the same way as photographic couplers which release development inhibitor groups. However, because of the improved ability to control the release of the INH, couplers of the invention permit enhanced effects or more selective effects.
Couplers as described which release a development inhibitor can be contained in, or in reactive association with, one or more of the silver halide emulsion units in a color photographic element. If the silver halide emulsion unit is composed of more than one layer, one or more of such layers can contain the couplers as described and preferred is the use of segregated layers, by relative sensitivity, of emulsions with the same spectral sensitivity. The layers can contain other photographic couplers conventionally used in the art. In the following discussion of suitable materials for use in the emulsions and elements of this invention, reference will be made to Research Disclosure, December 1978, Item 17643, published by Industrial Opportunities Ltd., Homewell Havent, Hampshire, P09 1EF, U.K., the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. This publication will be identified hereafter by the term "Research Disclosure".
The photographic elements can be coated on a variety of supports as described in Research Disclosure Section XVII and the references described therein.
Photographic elements can be exposed to actinic radiation, typically in the visible region of the spectrum, to form a latent image as described in Research Disclosure Section XVIII and the processed to form a visible dye image as described in Research Disclosure Section XIX. Processing to form a visible dye image includes the step of contacting the element with a color developing agent to reduce developable silver halide and oxidize the color developing agent. Oxidized color developing agent in turn reacts with the coupler to yield a dye.
Preferred color developing agents useful in the invention are p-phenylene diamines. Especially preferred are 4-amino-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride; 4-amino-3-methyl-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride; 4-amino-3-methyl-N-ethyl-N-β-(methanesulfonamido)ethylaniline sulfate hydrate; 4-amino-3-methyl-N-ethyl-N-β-hydroxyethylaniline sulfate; 4-amino-3-β-(methanesulfonamido)-ethyl-N,N-diethylaniline hydrochloride; and 4-amino-N-ethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-m-toluidine di-p-toluenesulfonic acid.
The described photographic materials and processes can be used with photographic silver halide emulsions and addenda known to be useful in the photographic art, as described in, for example, Research Disclosure, December 1989, Item No. 308,119, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
With negative working silver halide, the processing step described above gives a negative image. To obtain a positive (or reversal) image, this step can be preceded by development with a non-chromogenic developing agent to develop exposed silver halide, but not form a dye, and then uniformly fogging the element to render unexposed silver halide developable. Alternatively, a direct positive emulsion can be employed to obtain a positive image.
Development is followed by the conventional steps of bleaching, fixing, or bleach-fixing, to remove silver and silver halide, washing and drying.
Compounds as described can be prepared by reactions and methods known in the organic compound synthesis art described in U.S. Patent Application, Serial No.724553 and described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. , the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Photographic elements in which the DIR compounds of this invention are incorporated are preferably multilayer, multicolor elements. The DIR compounds of this invention can release development inhibitors to enhance the effect of intralayer acutance, as well as causing interimage to other layers for acutance and color corrections of other color records. In addition to the effects mentioned above, these DIR compounds are extremely effective to make their own color record a very good receiver of the interlayer interimage effect (IIE). As a consequence of this increased ability to receive IIE, acutance and color saturation are significantly improved.
The following examples further illustrate the invention.

Example 1

The following examples and data illustrate color photographic material comprising a combination of couplers as described.
On a cellulose triacetate film support were coated the following layers: (coverages are in grams per meter squared).

Layer 1 (Antihalation Layer)

Black colloidal silver sol containing 0.323 g/m² of silver and 2.691 g/m² gelatin.

Layer 2 (Slow Cyan Layer)

A blend of two red-sensitized silver iodobromide grains, a medium sized tabular emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 1.3 g/m² and a smaller cubic emulsion (3.5 mole % iodide) at 1.1 g/m², gelatin at 3.0 g/m², cyan image-forming coupler C-1 at 0.87 g/m², DIR coupler D-1 at 0.065 g/m²' bleach accelerator releasing coupler D-2 at 0.01 g/m² and antifoggant 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetraazaindene at 0.036 g/m²

Layer 3 (Fast Cyan Layer)

Red-sensitized tabular silver iodobromide emulsion (6.0 mole % iodide) at 0.81 g/m², cyan dye-forming image coupler C-1 at 0.151 g/m², DIR compound D-1 at 0.065 g/m², D-3 at 0.032 g/m², gelatin at 1.68 g/m², and antifoggant 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1-1,3,3a,7-tetraazaindene at 0.036 g/m².4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetraazaindene at 0.036 g/m².

Layer 4 (Interlayer)

oxidized developer scavenger, N,N-(4-hydroxy-1,3-phenylene)bis[4-(dodecyloxy)benzenesulfonamide], at 0.054 g/m² and gelatin at 1.3 g/m².

Layer 5 (Slow Magenta Layer)

Green-sensitized tabular silver iodobromide emulsion (6.0 mole % iodide) at 0.54 g/m², green-sensitized tabular emulsion (1.5 mole % iodide) at 0.26 g/m², magenta dye-forming image coupler M-1 at 0,344 g/m², DIR compound (DIR-1) at 0.075 g/m², masking coupler M-2 at 0.108 g/m², gelatin at 1.64 g/m², and antifoggant 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetraazaindene at 0.036 g/m².

Layer 6 (Fast Magenta Layer)

A blend of two green-sensitized tabular silver iodobromide grains, a fast emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 0.754 g/m², a medium speed emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 0.538 g/m², magenta dye-forming image coupler M-1 at 0.151 g/m², masking coupler M-2 at 0.065 g/m², gelatin at 1.40 g/m², DIR coupler(s) as described in Table I, and antifoggant 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetraazaindene at 0.036 g/m².

Layer 7 (Yellow Filter Layer)

Gelatin at 0.86 g/m², Carey Lea silver at 0.043 g/m², and oxidized developer scavenger, N,N-(4-hydroxy-1,3-phenylene)bis[4-(dodecyloxy)benzenesulfonamide], at 0.054 g/m².

Layer 8 (Slow Yellow Layer)

Blue-sensitized tabular silver iodobromide emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 0.36 g/m², blue-sensitized tabular silver bromoiodide emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 0.10 g/m², gelatin at 1.73 g/m², yellow dye-forming image coupler Y-1 at 0.883 g/m², DIR coupler D-4 at 0.097 g/m².

Layer 9 (Fast Yellow Layer)

Blue-sensitized tabular silver iodobromide emulsion (3.0 mole % iodide) at 0.43 g/m², gelatin at 0.807 g/m², yellow dye-forming image coupler Y-1 at 0.513 g/m², DIR coupler D-4 at 0.032 g/m².

Layer 10 (Protective Overcoat and UV Filter Layer)

Gelatin at 1.24 g/m², silver bromide Lippmann emulsion at 0.23 g/m², UV absorbers at 0.23 g/m², and bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane added at 1.8% of total gelatin weight.
A photographic recording material, was prepared in a manner as described. The following modifications were made in the Layer 6 (Fast Magenta Layer):
The combinations of couplers described in Table 1 were used. The results are given in the following Table 1 at the concentrations used.
The following example and data illustrate a color photographic element comprising a combination of DIR couplers both of which form a wash-out dye. The results of Example 1 are given in the following Table I:
This data illustrates that green interimage effect, as measured by gamma ratios, increases as the level of the coupler UDIR-1 increased. The contrast of the red image was also reduced as the level of coupler UDIR-1 was increased. The reduction of the red record contrast is an indication of green onto red interlayer interimage.

Example 2:

The following example and data illustrate a color photographic element comprising a combination of a DIR coupler that does not form a wash-out type dye with an acetanilide type DIR coupler that forms a wash-out type dye.

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with coupler DIR-1 and coupler UDIR-5 that is an acetanilide coupler. The results of this procedure are given in following Table II:

TABLE II

Expt.No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio
1	DIR-1 (43.1)+UDIR-5 (0)	1.33	0.71	1.87
2	DIR-1 (32.3) + UDIR-5 (8.6)	1.42	0.71	2.00
3	DIR-1 (21.5) + UDIR-5 (17.2)	1.56	0.73	2.14
4	DIR-1 (10.8) + UDIR-5 (25.8)	1.72	0.75	2.29
5	DIR-1 (0) + UDIR-5 (34.4)	2.00	0.79	2.53

This data illustrates the effectiveness of the combination of DIR-1 with UDIR-5 in control of interimage effects.

Example 3:

The following example and data illustrate a color photographic element comprising a combination of two DIR couplers each of which forms a wash-out type dye.

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with the couplers UDIR-1 and UDIR-2 at the concentration given in following Table III:

TABLE III

Expt.No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	UDIR-2 (0) + UDIR-1 (34.4)	1.75	0.74	2.37	0.66
2	UDIR-2 (32.3) + UDIR (25.8)	1.50	0.71	2.11	0.65
3	UDIR-2 (64.6) + UDIR-1 (17.2)	1.31	0.71	1.86	0.60
4	UDIR-2 (96.9) + UDIR-1 (8.6)	1.17	0.71	1.65	0.58
5	UDIR-2 (129.2) + UDIR-1 (0)	1.11	0.71	1.56	0.54

Example 4:

The following example and data illustrate a color photographic element comprising another combination of DIR couplers in which both couplers form wash-out dyes.

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with the replacement of the noted DIR couplers with the DIR coupler listed in the following Table IV:

TABLE IV

Expt.No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	UDIR-2 (0) + UDIR-4 (17.2)	1.86	0.64	2.91	0.590
2	UDIR-2 (21) + UDIR-4 (12.9)	1.80	0.64	2.81	0.577
3	UDIR-2 (42) + UDIR-4 (8.6)	1.76	0.65	2.71	0.548
4	UDIR-2 (63) + UDIR-4 (4.3)	1.63	0.65	2.51	0.536
5	UDIR-2 (84) + UDIR-4 (0)	1.56	0.65	2.40	0.528

Examples 5-8:

The following examples and data illustrate a color photographic element comprising other combinations of DIR couplers.

The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated with the replacement of the noted DIR couplers with the DIR couplers listed in Tables V-VIII. Table V is another example in which both DIR couplers form wash-out dyes. Tables VI-VIII are examples in which one of the DIR couplers forms a wash-out dye while the second forms a dye which does not wash-out.

TABLE V

Expt. No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	UDIR-3 (0) + UDIR-1 (34.4)	1.65	0.69	2.39	0.642
2	UDIR-3 (20.1) + UDIR-1 (25.8)	1.42	0.72	1.97	0.625
3	UDIR-3 (40.3) + UDIR-1 (17.2)	1.29	0.71	1.82	0.587
4	UDIR-3 (60.4) + UDIR-1 (8.6)	1.24	0.70	1.77	0.573
5	UDIR-3 (80.5) + UDIR-1 (0)	1.17	0.71	1.65	0.543

TABLE VI

Expt. No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown(mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	DIR-1 (43.1) + UDIR-1 (0)	1.41	0.72	1.96	0.640
2	DIR-1 (32.3) + UDIR-1 (8.6)	1.60	0.74	2.16	0.638
3	DIR-1 (21.5) + UDIR-1 (17.2)	1.80	0.76	2.37	0.604
4	DIR-1 (10.8) + UDIR-1 (25.8)	2.10	0.79	2.66	0.537
5	DIR-1 (0) + UDIR-1 (34.4)	2.30	0.81	2.84	0.533

TABLE VII

Expt.No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	DIR-2 (62.4) + UDIR-4 (0)	1.58	0.76	2.08	0.57
2	DIR-2 (46.8) + UDIR-4 (4.1)	1.62	0.75	2.16	0.60
3	DIR-2 (31.2) + UDIR-4 (8.1)	1.72	0.71	2.42	0.62
4	DIR-2 (15.6) + UDIR-4 (12.2)	1.76	0.79	2.51	0.66
5	DIR-2 (0) + UDIR-4 (16.2)	1.83	0.72	2.54	0.67

TABLE VIII

Expt.No.	Layer 6 (U)DIR Laydown (mg/m²)	Gamma G of G	Gamma G of N	Gamma Ratio	Gamma R of N
1	DIR-3 (0) + UDIR-4 (17.2)	1.85	0.66	2.81	0.76
2	DIR-3 (14.5) + UDIR-4 (12.9)	1.74	0.66	2.64	0.74
3	DIR-3 (29.1) + UDIR-4 (8.6)	1.62	0.65	2.49	0.72
4	DIR-3 (43.6) + UDIR-4 (4.3)	1.50	0.64	2.34	0.71
5	DIR-3 (58.1) + UDIR-4 (0)	1.44	0.65	2.22	0.71

The structures of the couplers used in the examples were as follows:

The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

A color photographic element comprising a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion layer; characterized in that it contains a combination of at least two different washout couplers (A) and (B), coupler (A) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor or capable of releasing a timing group having a photographic development inhibitor, the timing group capable of providing timed release of said photographic development inhibitor and coupler (B) capable upon reaction with oxidized developer of forming a compound that is washed out of the photographic element during photographic processing and capable of releasing a photographic development inhibitor without time delay, couplers (A) and (B) represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-(REL)_n-(TIME)_p-INH

wherein:
SOL is a water solubilizing group;
COUP is a coupler moiety;
TIME is a timing group;
REL is a releasing group containing a photographic ballast group;
n and p individually are 0 or 1; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group; and
y is 1 or 2.
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that coupler (A) is a coupler represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-REL-TIME-INH
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that coupler (B) is represented by the formula:

(SOL)_y-COUP-REL-INH
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that coupler (A) is represented by the formula:
wherein:
R^1a is selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms or alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group;
R^2a, R^3a and R^4a are selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, and a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^5a is selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R, -SO₂NHR, -OCH₃, -NHCOR and
-CONHR characterized in that R is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which do not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^2a, R^3a and R^4a is a photographic ballast group;
TIME is a timing group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group;
or coupler (A) is represented by the formula:
wherein:
R^1b and R^2b are selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl containing at least one solubilizing group;
R^3b, R^4b and R^5b are selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, and a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^3b, R^4b and R^5b is a photographic ballast group;
TIME is a timing group;
s is 0 or 1; and
INH is a development inhibitor group;
or coupler (A) is represented by the formula:
wherein:
R^6a is selected from hydrogen, alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubiizing group;
R^7a and R^12a are selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^15a, -SO₂NHR^15a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^15a and -CONHR^15a characterized in that R^15a is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^8a is selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^16a, -SO₂NHR^16a, -OCH₃, -NHCOR^16a and -CONHR^16a characterized in that R^16a is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, said alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
R^9a, R^10a, and R^11a are selected from hydrogen, methyl, substituted alkyl or aryl said alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
s can be 0 or 1;
R^13a and R^14a are selected from hydrogen, methyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, said alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms;
at least one of R^8a, R^9a, R^10a, and R^11a contains a photographic ballast; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group.
A color photographic element as in claim 1 or 4 characterized in that coupler (B) is represented by the formula:
wherein:
R^6b and R^7b are selected from substituted or unsubstituted alky or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms;
R^8b is selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R^15a, -SO₂NHR^15a, -OCH₃, NHCOR^15a and -CONHR^15a and R^15a is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms and which do not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^9b and R^10b is selected from hydrogen, methyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
R^11b can be methyl, substituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-40 carbon atoms;
s is 0 or 1;
at least one of R^8b, R^9b, R^10b, and R^11b contains a photographic ballast; and
INH is a development inhibitor group;
or coupler (B) is represented by the formula:
wherein:
R^1a is selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl containing 1-3 carbon atoms, or alkyl or aryl containing at least one solubilizing group;
R^2a, R^3a and R^4a are selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl, and a substituent which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
R^5a is selected from hydrogen, methyl, -NO₂, Cl, -NHSO₂R, -SO₂NHR, -OCH₃, -NHCOR and -CONHR characterized in that R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl containing 1-10 carbon atoms and which does not adversely affect the release of INH;
at least one of R^2a, R^3a and R^4a is a photographic ballast group; and
INH is a releasable development inhibitor group.
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that coupler (B) is represented by the formula:
and coupler (A) is represented by the formula:
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that the photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprises an image dye-forming coupler.
A color photographic element as in claim 1 characterized in that the couplers (A) and (B) are naphthol or acylacetamide couplers and the photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprises at least one magenta image dye-forming coupler.
A process of forming a photographic image that comprises developing an exposed photographic silver halide emulsion layer with a color developing agent in the presence of a combination of at least two different couplers at least one coupler being of formula (A) of claim 1 and at least one coupler being of formula (B) of claim 1, said couplers being as defined in any of claims 1-6.