EP0573356A1 - Trigger device for firearms - Google Patents

Trigger device for firearms Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0573356A1
EP0573356A1 EP93401411A EP93401411A EP0573356A1 EP 0573356 A1 EP0573356 A1 EP 0573356A1 EP 93401411 A EP93401411 A EP 93401411A EP 93401411 A EP93401411 A EP 93401411A EP 0573356 A1 EP0573356 A1 EP 0573356A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
ammunition
weapon
target
computer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93401411A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0573356B1 (en
Inventor
Claude Boutet
Patrice Pichot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0573356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0573356A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0573356B1 publication Critical patent/EP0573356B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/14—Indirect aiming means
    • F41G3/142—Indirect aiming means based on observation of a first shoot; using a simulated shoot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/08—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties for inhibiting firing in a specified direction, e.g. at a friendly person or at a protected area
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
    • F41G5/14—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns
    • F41G5/16—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns gyroscopically influenced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for triggering the firing of a firearm, and more generally any firearm whose aim is provided by a shooter.
  • the aim of the invention is to increase the probability of reaching a target by ignoring the human factor at the start of the shot, ensuring the triggering of the shot independently of the shooter.
  • the invention provides a device for triggering the firing of a firearm equipped in particular with a barrel, a chamber, an ammunition magazine, means allowing the ammunition to pass from the magazine into the weapon chamber, a handle and a trigger, characterized in that it comprises a reference means making it possible to locate a target in a plane, a calculator associated with electronic processing means making it possible to calculate a average point of sight of the target from the data provided by the computer and to authorize the firing, a firing circuit triggering the firing of an ammunition located in the chamber of the weapon via a firing mechanism, and an electric generator for supplying the reference means, the computer and the firing circuit.
  • the reference means consists of two gyrolasers providing the coordinates of the target in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the gun, each laser gyro comprising a mechanical reference parallel to the axis of the gun.
  • the firing mechanism is either of the high voltage electric type when associated with electrically initiated ammunition, or of the mechanical percussion type with a power circuit and an electromagnet for actuating a striker, when associated with ammunition initiated by percussion.
  • the computer, the gyrolasers and the firing circuit are housed in the butt of the weapon.
  • the electric generator is housed in the handle of the weapon.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the very significant improvement in the accuracy of the shooting for average shooters especially in times of conflict where tremors due to stress significantly reduce the probability of attack, that the shooting is carried out on fixed target or moving target.
  • Another advantage is the concomitant reduction in the consumption of ammunition.
  • Yet another advantage lies in the fact that the functioning of the weapon is always possible even in the event of a failure of the device, without any modification.
  • the shooter when the shooter triggers the shot, it is in reality the system according to the invention which will actuate the start of the shot and not the shooter himself, when the aim passes in the vicinity of the theoretical average point. virtual determined by the calculator.
  • the shot is triggered if and only if the shooter returns to the vicinity of the middle point, which increases security.
  • a weapon designated by the general reference 1 comprises in a known manner a stock 2, a barrel 3 extended by a chamber 4 and having an axis 5 or firing axis.
  • the weapon 1 is also provided with a sighting support 6 delimiting a sighting axis 7 parallel to the firing axis 5.
  • It comprises a magazine 8 of ammunition 9, which is associated with a reset spring 10.
  • a member It can occupy three positions A, B and C.
  • Position A can control, for example, burst fire, and position B, single shot.
  • Position C constitutes a safety catch.
  • the weapon 1 comprises a handle 12 which integrates supply means 13 constituted by batteries or accumulators and a trigger 14 secured to an axis 15 sliding relative to a support 16 secured to the handle 12.
  • the trigger 14 is subjected to the action of a spring 17 bringing it back to its original position.
  • the axis 15 carries at its end a control circuit 18 making it possible to fix three positions for driving the trigger 14 which will be explained below.
  • a computer 19 of known type associated with processing electronics, a microcontroller and a trigger circuit.
  • the role of the computer is to process the electrical signals received according to the firing sequence provided below and to deliver a signal authorizing the shooting.
  • two gyrolasers 20 and 21 make it possible to define a reference point for the weapon.
  • the laser gyro 20 defines a direction X and includes a mechanical reference parallel to the axis 5 of the barrel.
  • the laser gyro 21 defines a direction Y and has a mechanical reference parallel to the axis 5 of the barrel.
  • the directions X and Y are perpendicular to each other and define a plane perpendicular to the firing axis 5 of the gun.
  • the gyrolaser 20 is connected to the computer 19 by input conductors 22, and the gyrolaser 21 to the computer by input conductors 23.
  • the two gyrolasers 20 and 21 are controlled by the computer 19 using the output conductors 24.
  • the computer 19 and the gyrolasers 20 and 21 are supplied with electrical energy from the generator 13 by conductors 25.
  • the computer 19 is also connected to the trigger 14 by conductors 26a and to the control member 11 by a driver 26b.
  • the computer 19 delivers a signal which is sent via a command 27 to a firing circuit 28.
  • This circuit 28 is of the high voltage type and initiates an electrical firing mechanism for the ammunition 9.
  • the circuit 28 is an electronic assembly for converting current into high voltage current.
  • the mechanism 29 is a known element of the trade, and it provides an electrical initiation of the ammunition 9 housed in the chamber 4 of the weapon.
  • the circuit 28 and the mechanism 29 are replaced by an assembly ensuring firing by percussion of the ammunition 9.
  • the command 27 is sent to a power circuit 30, supplying the winding 31a of an electromagnet 31 which actuates the ammunition 9 located in the chamber 4 by a striker 32.
  • the striker 32 for example a steel or soft iron bar, is housed inside the winding 31a. At its rear part, the striker 32 comprises a shoulder 32a on which a return spring 33 bears.
  • the winding 31a is supplied with current, the magnetic field created inside the coil 31a causes the striker 32 to move, which initiates by percussion the ammunition 9 housed in the chamber 4.
  • the supply current is then cut, and the striker 32 is returned to its arming position by the return spring 33.
  • the other elements of the weapon remain identical to those of the weapon shown in Figure 1.
  • the shooter takes aiming along curve 40.
  • the shooter presses the trigger tail 14 at point 41, while the real firing position intervenes at point 42
  • This possibility of shooting is obtained when the shooter presses fully on the trigger 14, the control member being in position A or B.
  • the shooter proceeds as described above by describing the curve 40, and by actuating the trigger tail which has, as indicated above, three insertion positions.
  • the first position authorizes the energization of the gyrolasers 20, 21 and of the computer 19.
  • the second position authorizes the firing, and the third allows direct firing without the aid of the device according to the invention.
  • the shooter when the shooter has taken aim and is on target, he presses the trigger 14 to reach the first insertion position mentioned above.
  • the gyrolasers 20 and 21 provide a reference, and the computer 19 records the equation of a sighting curve 43 on the target and processes this curve in real time to calculate a theoretical theoretical average point 44 very close to the real center of the target .
  • the shooter starts the shot, it is actually the weapon that activates the start of the shot when the aim will pass over or near an area close to the virtual theoretical average point 44. It is quite obvious in this case that the shot is fired if and only if the shooter passes through the said area close to the average point .
  • the shooter corrects his aim and the computer initiates the shot when the target league returns to the vicinity of the mean point. If not, the shot is impossible and the release of the trigger causes the gyrolasers to be switched off and the results recorded to be canceled.
  • Mobile target shooting takes place in a slightly different scenario.
  • the shooter begins to take aim by following the target according to the real aim curve 50 and presses on the trigger 14 to reach the first position.
  • the gyrolasers 20 and 21 are then activated and provide a reference in a plane perpendicular to the firing axis.
  • the shooter continues to follow the target, and the computer determines an average curve 51 by a polynomial of the fourth degree. It presses harder on the trigger to reach the second position and anticipates the trajectory of the target.
  • the computer 19 starts firing.
  • the weapon can be fitted with all modern sighting systems such as optical or infrared glasses, light amplifications, etc.

Abstract

The invention relates to a trigger device for the firing of a firearm (1) equipped particularly with a magazine (8) for ammunition (9), with means making it possible to cause the ammunition to pass from the magazine to a chamber (4) of the firearm (1), and with a trigger (14). The device comprises a reference means (20, 21), such as gyrolasers, making it possible to locate a target in a plane, a computer (19) associated with electronic processing means, making it possible to compute a mean target-aiming point from data supplied by the computer (19) and to authorise firing, an ignition circuit (28) triggering the firing of an ammunition piece located in the chamber (4) of the firearm by means of an ignition mechanism (29). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente Invention concerne un dispositif de déclenchement du tir d'une arme à feu, et plus généralement toute arme à feu dont la visée est assurée par un tireur.The present invention relates to a device for triggering the firing of a firearm, and more generally any firearm whose aim is provided by a shooter.

Il est bien connu d'équiper une arme à l'aide de moyens de visée composés d'une hausse et d'un guidon ; la ligne de visée ainsi définie est alors alignée sur la cible et le tireur peut déclencher le tir. La probabilité d'atteinte est reconnue comme étant relativement faible, car elle est liée à plusieurs facteurs : la précision de l'arme, les conditions extérieures et la visée. Les deux premiers facteurs ont des effets relativement faibles, car des solutions classiques bien connues peuvent être mises en oeuvre pour améliorer la probabilité d'atteinte. Toutefois, le troisième facteur n'a jamais pu être pris en compte, car il est lié au facteur humain bien que ses effets soient très importants. En effet, le fantassin moyen ou le tireur en phase de combat est animé de tremblements qui ne lui permettent pas de positionner son arme de manière stable par rapport à la cible. Il en résulte qu'en combat réel, le nombre moyen de cartouches tirées pour atteindre une cible est relativement grand. Cet inconvénient est encore aggravé par le dépointage de l'arme au moment où le tireur appuie sur la queue de détente pour déclencher le tir.It is well known to equip a weapon using sighting means composed of a sight and a handlebar; the line of sight thus defined is then aligned with the target and the shooter can start the shooting. The probability of attack is recognized as being relatively low, because it is linked to several factors: the accuracy of the weapon, the external conditions and the aim. The first two factors have relatively small effects, since well-known conventional solutions can be implemented to improve the probability of damage. However, the third factor could never be taken into account, because it is linked to the human factor although its effects are very significant. Indeed, the average infantryman or the gunner in the combat phase is animated by tremors which do not allow him to position his weapon in a stable manner relative to the target. As a result, in actual combat, the average number of rounds fired to hit a target is relatively large. This drawback is further aggravated by the depointing of the weapon when the shooter presses the trigger tail to trigger the shot.

On note ainsi des écarts de précision de l'ordre de 5 m pour un tir à 300 m. Il faut alors répéter le tir, ce qui augmente le risque pour le tireur d'être localisé.There are thus deviations in precision of the order of 5 m for a shot at 300 m. It is then necessary to repeat the shot, which increases the risk for the shooter to be located.

De plus, les imprécisions vont en augmentant lorsque la cible est mobile, et la détermination du point visé ainsi que l'instant du tir, compte tenu du temps de parcours de la balle, sont très aléatoires.In addition, the inaccuracies increase when the target is mobile, and the determination of the target point as well as the instant of the shot, taking into account the travel time of the ball, are very random.

Le but de l'Invention est d'augmenter la probabilité d'atteinte d'une cible en faisant abstraction du facteur humain lors du départ du coup, en assurant le déclenchement du tir indépendamment du tireur.The aim of the invention is to increase the probability of reaching a target by ignoring the human factor at the start of the shot, ensuring the triggering of the shot independently of the shooter.

A cet effet, l'Invention propose un dispositif de déclenchement du tir d'une arme à feu équipée notamment d'un canon, d'une chambre, d'un magasin à munitions, de moyens permettant de faire passer les munitions du magasin dans la chambre de l'arme, d'une poignée et d'une détente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen de référence permettant de repérer une cible dans un plan, un calculateur associé à des moyens électroniques de traitement permettant de calculer un point moyen de visée de la cible à partir des données fournies par le calculateur et d'autoriser le tir, un circuit de mise à feu déclenchant le tir d'une munition située dans la chambre de l'arme par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme de mise à feu, et un générateur électrique pour alimenter le moyen de référence, le calculateur et le circuit de mise à feu.To this end, the invention provides a device for triggering the firing of a firearm equipped in particular with a barrel, a chamber, an ammunition magazine, means allowing the ammunition to pass from the magazine into the weapon chamber, a handle and a trigger, characterized in that it comprises a reference means making it possible to locate a target in a plane, a calculator associated with electronic processing means making it possible to calculate a average point of sight of the target from the data provided by the computer and to authorize the firing, a firing circuit triggering the firing of an ammunition located in the chamber of the weapon via a firing mechanism, and an electric generator for supplying the reference means, the computer and the firing circuit.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'Invention, le moyen de référence est constitué par deux gyrolasers fournissant les coordonnées de la cible dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du canon, chaque gyrolaser comportant une référence mécanique parallèle à l'axe du canon.According to another characteristic of the invention, the reference means consists of two gyrolasers providing the coordinates of the target in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the gun, each laser gyro comprising a mechanical reference parallel to the axis of the gun.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'Invention, la détente est du type électrique et possède au moins trois positions :

  • une première position commandant l'activation des gyrolasers,
  • une seconde position autorisant le tir des munitions,
    et
  • une troisième position commandant le tir direct.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the trigger is of the electrical type and has at least three positions:
  • a first position controlling the activation of the gyrolasers,
  • a second position authorizing the firing of ammunition,
    and
  • a third position controlling direct fire.

D'une manière générale, le mécanisme de mise à feu est soit du type électrique à haute tension lorsqu'il est associé à des munitions initiées électriquement, soit du type mécanique à percussion avec un circuit de puissance et un électroaimant pour actionner un percuteur, lorsqu'il est associé à des munitions initiées par percussion.In general, the firing mechanism is either of the high voltage electric type when associated with electrically initiated ammunition, or of the mechanical percussion type with a power circuit and an electromagnet for actuating a striker, when associated with ammunition initiated by percussion.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'Invention, le calculateur, les gyrolasers et le circuit de mise à feu sont logés dans la crosse de l'arme.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the computer, the gyrolasers and the firing circuit are housed in the butt of the weapon.

Enfin, selon une dernière caractéristique de l'invention, le générateur électrique est logé dans la poignée de l'arme.Finally, according to a last characteristic of the invention, the electric generator is housed in the handle of the weapon.

Un avantage de la présente Invention réside dans l'amélioration très importante de la précision du tir pour les tireurs moyens surtout en période de conflit où les tremblements dus au stress diminuent de manière importante la probabilité d'atteinte, que le tir s'effectue sur cible fixe ou cible mobile.An advantage of the present invention lies in the very significant improvement in the accuracy of the shooting for average shooters especially in times of conflict where tremors due to stress significantly reduce the probability of attack, that the shooting is carried out on fixed target or moving target.

Un autre avantage réside dans la diminution concomitante de la consommation de munitions.Another advantage is the concomitant reduction in the consumption of ammunition.

Un autre avantage encore réside dans le fait que le fonctionnement de l'arme demeure toujours possible même en cas de panne du dispositif, sans aucune modification.Yet another advantage lies in the fact that the functioning of the weapon is always possible even in the event of a failure of the device, without any modification.

Ainsi, avec un tel dispositif, lorsque le tireur déclenche le tir, c'est en réalité le système selon l'Invention qui actionnera le départ du coup et non pas le tireur lui-même, lorsque la visée passe au voisinage du point moyen théorique virtuel déterminé par le calculateur. De plus, le tir est déclenché si et seulement si le tireur repasse au voisinage du point moyen, ce qui augmente la sécurité.Thus, with such a device, when the shooter triggers the shot, it is in reality the system according to the invention which will actuate the start of the shot and not the shooter himself, when the aim passes in the vicinity of the theoretical average point. virtual determined by the calculator. In addition, the shot is triggered if and only if the shooter returns to the vicinity of the middle point, which increases security.

D'autres avantages, caractéristiques et détails de l'Invention ressortiront de la Description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux Dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe longitudinale avec arrachement partiel d'une arme à mise à feu électrique équipée du dispositif selon l'Invention,
  • la figure 2 est également une coupe longitudinale partielle d'une crosse d'une arme à mise à feu mécanique équipée du dispositif selon l'Invention, les autres éléments de l'arme restent identiques à ceux de l'arme représentée à la figure 1,
  • les figures 3 et 4 illustrent des schémas de visée sur cibles fixe et mobile, respectivement, pour expliciter le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'Invention.
Other advantages, characteristics and details of the invention will emerge from the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the attached drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section with cutaway partial of an electric firearm equipped with the device according to the invention,
  • Figure 2 is also a partial longitudinal section of a stock of a mechanical firearm equipped with the device according to the invention, the other elements of the weapon remain identical to those of the weapon shown in Figure 1 ,
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate sighting diagrams on fixed and mobile targets, respectively, to explain the operation of the device according to the invention.

Une arme désignée par la référence générale 1 comporte de manière connue une crosse 2, un canon 3 prolongé par une chambre 4 et ayant un axe 5 ou axe de tir. L'arme 1 est également munie d'un support 6 de visée délimitant un axe de visée 7 parallèle à l'axe de tir 5. Elle comporte un magasin 8 de munitions 9, qui est associé à un ressort de réarmement 10. Un organe de commande Il peut occuper trois positions A, B et C. La position A peut commander par exemple le tir en rafale, et la position B, le tir au coup par coup. La position C constitue un cran de sûreté. L'arme 1 comporte une poignée 12 qui intègre des moyens d'alimentation 13 constitués par des piles ou des accumulateurs et une détente 14 solidaire d'un axe 15 coulissant par rapport à un support 16 solidaire de la poignée 12.A weapon designated by the general reference 1 comprises in a known manner a stock 2, a barrel 3 extended by a chamber 4 and having an axis 5 or firing axis. The weapon 1 is also provided with a sighting support 6 delimiting a sighting axis 7 parallel to the firing axis 5. It comprises a magazine 8 of ammunition 9, which is associated with a reset spring 10. A member It can occupy three positions A, B and C. Position A can control, for example, burst fire, and position B, single shot. Position C constitutes a safety catch. The weapon 1 comprises a handle 12 which integrates supply means 13 constituted by batteries or accumulators and a trigger 14 secured to an axis 15 sliding relative to a support 16 secured to the handle 12.

La détente 14 est soumise à l'action d'un ressort 17 ramenant celle-ci dans sa position d'origine. L'axe 15 porte à son extrémité un circuit de commande 18 permettant de fixer trois positions d'enfoncement de la détente 14 qui seront explicités ci-après.The trigger 14 is subjected to the action of a spring 17 bringing it back to its original position. The axis 15 carries at its end a control circuit 18 making it possible to fix three positions for driving the trigger 14 which will be explained below.

Dans la crosse 2, on a disposé suivant l'Invention un calculateur 19 de type connu, associé à une électronique de traitement, un microcontrôleur et un circuit de déclenchement. Le rôle du calculateur est de traiter les signaux électriques reçus en fonction de la séquence de tir prévue ci-après et de délivrer un signal autorisant le tir. A cet effet, deux gyrolasers 20 et 21 permettent de définir un point de référence pour l'arme. Le gyrolaser 20 définit une direction X et comporte une référence mécanique parallèle à l'axe 5 du canon. De même, le gyrolaser 21 définit une direction Y et comporte une référence mécanique parallèle à l'axe 5 du canon. Préférentiellement, les directions X et Y sont perpendiculaires entre elles et définissent un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de tir 5 du canon. Le gyrolaser 20 est relié au calculateur 19 par des conducteurs d'entrée 22, et le gyrolaser 21 au calculateur par des conducteurs d'entrée 23. Les deux gyrolasers 20 et 21 sont commandés par le calculateur 19 à l'aide des conducteurs de sortie 24. Le calculateur 19 et les gyrolasers 20 et 21 sont alimentés en énergie électrique à partir du générateur 13 par des conducteurs 25. Le calculateur 19 est également relié à la détente 14 par des conducteurs 26a et à l'organe de commande 11 par un conducteur 26b.In the butt 2, there is arranged according to the invention a computer 19 of known type, associated with processing electronics, a microcontroller and a trigger circuit. The role of the computer is to process the electrical signals received according to the firing sequence provided below and to deliver a signal authorizing the shooting. For this purpose, two gyrolasers 20 and 21 make it possible to define a reference point for the weapon. The laser gyro 20 defines a direction X and includes a mechanical reference parallel to the axis 5 of the barrel. Similarly, the laser gyro 21 defines a direction Y and has a mechanical reference parallel to the axis 5 of the barrel. Preferably, the directions X and Y are perpendicular to each other and define a plane perpendicular to the firing axis 5 of the gun. The gyrolaser 20 is connected to the computer 19 by input conductors 22, and the gyrolaser 21 to the computer by input conductors 23. The two gyrolasers 20 and 21 are controlled by the computer 19 using the output conductors 24. The computer 19 and the gyrolasers 20 and 21 are supplied with electrical energy from the generator 13 by conductors 25. The computer 19 is also connected to the trigger 14 by conductors 26a and to the control member 11 by a driver 26b.

Le calculateur 19 délivre un signal qui est envoyé par l'intermédiaire d'une commande 27 à un circuit 28 de mise à feu. Ce circuit 28 est du type haute tension et initie un mécanisme de mise à feu électrique des munitions 9. Le circuit 28 est un ensemble électronique de conversion du courant en courant haute tension. Le mécanisme 29 est un élément connu du commerce, et il assure une initiation électrique de la munition 9 logée dans la chambre 4 de l'arme.The computer 19 delivers a signal which is sent via a command 27 to a firing circuit 28. This circuit 28 is of the high voltage type and initiates an electrical firing mechanism for the ammunition 9. The circuit 28 is an electronic assembly for converting current into high voltage current. The mechanism 29 is a known element of the trade, and it provides an electrical initiation of the ammunition 9 housed in the chamber 4 of the weapon.

En variante et comme illustré à la figure 2, le circuit 28 et le mécanisme 29 sont remplacés par un ensemble assurant une mise à feu par percussion des munitions 9. A cette fin, la commande 27 est envoyée sur un circuit de puissance 30, alimentant le bobinage 31a d'un électroaimant 31 qui actionne par un percuteur 32 la munition 9 située dans la chambre 4.As a variant and as illustrated in FIG. 2, the circuit 28 and the mechanism 29 are replaced by an assembly ensuring firing by percussion of the ammunition 9. To this end, the command 27 is sent to a power circuit 30, supplying the winding 31a of an electromagnet 31 which actuates the ammunition 9 located in the chamber 4 by a striker 32.

Le percuteur 32, par exemple un barreau en acier ou en fer doux, est logé à l'intérieur du bobinage 31a. A sa partie arrière, le percuteur 32 comprend un épaulement 32a sur lequel prend appui un ressort de rappel 33. Lorsque le bobinage 31a est alimenté en courant, le champ magnétique créé à l'intérieur de la bobine 31a provoque le déplacement du percuteur 32 qui initie par percussion la munition 9 logée dans la chambre 4. Le courant d'alimentation est ensuite coupé, et le percuteur 32 est ramené à sa position d'armement par le ressort de rappel 33. Les autres éléments de l'arme demeurent identiques à ceux de l'arme représentée à la figure 1.The striker 32, for example a steel or soft iron bar, is housed inside the winding 31a. At its rear part, the striker 32 comprises a shoulder 32a on which a return spring 33 bears. When the winding 31a is supplied with current, the magnetic field created inside the coil 31a causes the striker 32 to move, which initiates by percussion the ammunition 9 housed in the chamber 4. The supply current is then cut, and the striker 32 is returned to its arming position by the return spring 33. The other elements of the weapon remain identical to those of the weapon shown in Figure 1.

Le fonctionnement reste le même que la mise à feu soit électrique ou mécanique, et il est le suivant. Conformément à la figure 3, le tireur effectue la visée suivant la courbe 40. En l'absence du dispositif selon l'Invention, le tireur presse la queue de détente 14 au point 41, alors que la position réelle de tir intervient au point 42. Cette possibilité de tir est obtenue lorsque le tireur appuie à fond sur la queue de détente 14, l'organe de commande étant sur la position A ou B. Selon l'Invention, le tireur procède comme décrit ci-dessus en décrivant la courbe 40, et en actionnant la queue de détente qui possède comme indiqué précédemment trois positions d'enfoncement. La première position autorise la mise sous tension des gyrolasers 20, 21 et du calculateur 19. La deuxième position autorise le tir, et la troisième permet le tir direct sans l'aide du dispositif selon l'Invention.The operation remains the same whether the firing is electrical or mechanical, and it is as follows. In accordance with FIG. 3, the shooter takes aiming along curve 40. In the absence of the device according to the invention, the shooter presses the trigger tail 14 at point 41, while the real firing position intervenes at point 42 This possibility of shooting is obtained when the shooter presses fully on the trigger 14, the control member being in position A or B. According to the invention, the shooter proceeds as described above by describing the curve 40, and by actuating the trigger tail which has, as indicated above, three insertion positions. The first position authorizes the energization of the gyrolasers 20, 21 and of the computer 19. The second position authorizes the firing, and the third allows direct firing without the aid of the device according to the invention.

Concrètement, lorsque le tireur a pris la visée et est sur la cible, il appuie sur la détente 14 pour atteindre la première position d'enfoncement évoquée ci-dessus. Les gyrolasers 20 et 21 fournissent une référence, et le calculateur 19 enregistre l'équation d'une courbe 43 de visée sur la cible et traite cette courbe en temps réel pour calculer un point moyen théorique virtuel 44 très proche du centre réel de la cible. Lorsque le tireur déclenche le tir, c'est en réalité l'arme qui actionne le départ de coup lorsque la visée repassera sur ou à proximité d'une zone proche du point moyen théorique virtuel 44. Il est bien évident dans ce cas que le coup part si et seulement si le tireur repasse par ladite zone proche du point moyen. Ainsi, en appuyant sur la détente 14 pour atteindre la deuxième position, le tireur rectifie sa visée et le calculateur déclenche le tir lorsque la ligue de visée repasse au voisinage du point moyen. Dans la négative, le tir est impossible et la libération de la détente provoque la mise hors tension des gyrolasers et l'annulation des résultats enregistrés.Concretely, when the shooter has taken aim and is on target, he presses the trigger 14 to reach the first insertion position mentioned above. The gyrolasers 20 and 21 provide a reference, and the computer 19 records the equation of a sighting curve 43 on the target and processes this curve in real time to calculate a theoretical theoretical average point 44 very close to the real center of the target . When the shooter starts the shot, it is actually the weapon that activates the start of the shot when the aim will pass over or near an area close to the virtual theoretical average point 44. It is quite obvious in this case that the shot is fired if and only if the shooter passes through the said area close to the average point . Thus, by pressing the trigger 14 to reach the second position, the shooter corrects his aim and the computer initiates the shot when the target league returns to the vicinity of the mean point. If not, the shot is impossible and the release of the trigger causes the gyrolasers to be switched off and the results recorded to be canceled.

Le tir sur cible mobile se déroule suivant un scénario légèrement différent. Comme schématisé sur la figure 4, le tireur commence à prendre la visée en suivant la cible selon la courbe de visée réelle 50 et appuie sur la queue de détente 14 pour atteindre la première position. Les gyrolasers 20 et 21 sont alors activés et fournissent une référence dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de tir. Le tireur continue à suivre la cible, et le calculateur détermine une courbe moyenne 51 par un polynôme du quatrième degré. Il appuie plus fort sur la queue de détente pour atteindre la seconde position et anticipe la trajectoire de la cible. Au moment où la ligne de visée passe par le point virtuel 53 de la position de la cible, en avant du point moyen 52, le calculateur 19 déclenche le tir.Mobile target shooting takes place in a slightly different scenario. As shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4, the shooter begins to take aim by following the target according to the real aim curve 50 and presses on the trigger 14 to reach the first position. The gyrolasers 20 and 21 are then activated and provide a reference in a plane perpendicular to the firing axis. The shooter continues to follow the target, and the computer determines an average curve 51 by a polynomial of the fourth degree. It presses harder on the trigger to reach the second position and anticipates the trajectory of the target. When the line of sight passes through the virtual point 53 of the target position, in front of the average point 52, the computer 19 starts firing.

Pour atteindre une précision importante, il est bien sûr nécessaire que la ligne de visée ou le tireur ne procède pas par un biais-systématique. Pour améliorer la précision, on peut équiper l'arme de tous les systèmes modernes de visée comme les lunettes optiques ou infrarouges, les amplifications de lumière, etc.To achieve significant accuracy, it is of course necessary that the line of sight or the shooter does not proceed through a systematic bias. To improve accuracy, the weapon can be fitted with all modern sighting systems such as optical or infrared glasses, light amplifications, etc.

Claims (8)

Dispositif de déclenchement du tir d'une arme à feu équipée notamment d'un canon, d'une chambre, d'un magasin à munitions, de moyens permettant de faire passer les munitions du magasin dans la chambre de l'arme, d'une poignée et d'une détente, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen de référence (20,21) permettant de repérer une cible dans un plan, un calculateur (19) associé à des moyens électroniques de traitement permettant de calculer un point moyen de visée de la cible à partir des données fournies par le calculateur (19) et d'autoriser le tir, un circuit de mise à feu (28) déclenchant le tir d'une munition située dans la chambre (4) de l'arme par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme de mise à feu (29), et un générateur électrique (13) pour alimenter le moyen de référence (20,21), le calculateur (19) et le circuit de mise à feu (28).Device for triggering the firing of a firearm equipped in particular with a barrel, a chamber, an ammunition magazine, means allowing the ammunition to pass from the magazine into the chamber of the weapon, a handle and a trigger, characterized in that it comprises a reference means (20,21) for locating a target in a plane, a calculator (19) associated with electronic processing means for calculating a point means of aiming the target from the data supplied by the computer (19) and authorizing the firing, a firing circuit (28) triggering the firing of an ammunition located in the chamber (4) of the weapon via a firing mechanism (29), and an electric generator (13) for supplying the reference means (20,21), the computer (19) and the firing circuit (28 ). Dispositif selon la Revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de référence est constitué par deux gyrolasers (20,21) fournissant les coordonnées de la cible dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe (5) du canon (3).Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reference means consists of two gyrolasers (20,21) providing the coordinates of the target in a plane perpendicular to the axis (5) of the barrel (3). Dispositif selon la Revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque gyrolaser (20,21) comportè une référence mécanique parallèle à l'axe (5) du canon (3).Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that each laser gyro (20,21) has a mechanical reference parallel to the axis (5) of the barrel (3). Dispositif selon la Revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la détente (14) est du type électrique et possède au moins trois positions : - une première position commandant l'activation des gyrolasers (20,21), - une seconde position autorisant le tir des munitions,
et - une troisième position commandant le tir direct. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the trigger (14) is of the electrical type and has at least three positions: - a first position controlling the activation of the gyrolasers (20,21), - a second position authorizing the firing of ammunition,
and - a third position controlling direct fire. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de mise à feu (28) est du type électrique à haute tension associé à des munitions initiées électriquement.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanism firing (28) is of the high voltage electric type associated with electrically initiated munitions. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des Revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de mise à feu est du type mécanique à percussion, et comprend un circuit de puissance (30), un électroaimant (31) pour actionner un percuteur (32) associé à un ressort de rappel (33), ledit mécanisme étant associé à des munitions initiées par percussion.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the firing mechanism is of the mechanical percussion type, and comprises a power circuit (30), an electromagnet (31) for actuating a striker (32 ) associated with a return spring (33), said mechanism being associated with ammunition initiated by percussion. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le calculateur (19), les gyrolasers (20,21) et le circuit de mise à feu (28) sont logés dans la crosse (2) de l'arme.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the computer (19), the gyrolasers (20,21) and the firing circuit (28) are housed in the stock (2) of the weapon. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des Revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le générateur électrique (13) est logé dans la poignée (12) de l'arme.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric generator (13) is housed in the handle (12) of the weapon.
EP93401411A 1992-06-02 1993-06-02 Trigger device for firearms Expired - Lifetime EP0573356B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9206631A FR2691792A1 (en) 1992-06-02 1992-06-02 Device for triggering the firing of a firearm.
FR9206631 1992-06-02

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EP0573356A1 true EP0573356A1 (en) 1993-12-08
EP0573356B1 EP0573356B1 (en) 1996-10-30

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DE (1) DE69305695T2 (en)
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CN101514882B (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-11-14 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 Multi-purpose individual soldier portable rocket launcher for forest protection
WO2013048282A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Zulkashev Samat Saryvich Method for computerized supervision of the position of the barrel of a firearm relative to the target and device for implementing same

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Also Published As

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FR2691792B1 (en) 1994-07-13
US5392688A (en) 1995-02-28
DE69305695T2 (en) 1997-02-27
FR2691792A1 (en) 1993-12-03
ES2095597T3 (en) 1997-02-16
DE69305695D1 (en) 1996-12-05
EP0573356B1 (en) 1996-10-30

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