EP0572866A1 - Environmentally acceptable and rapidly biodegradable functional fluid for lubrication systems of engines and other units in vehicles and machines - Google Patents

Environmentally acceptable and rapidly biodegradable functional fluid for lubrication systems of engines and other units in vehicles and machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0572866A1
EP0572866A1 EP93108141A EP93108141A EP0572866A1 EP 0572866 A1 EP0572866 A1 EP 0572866A1 EP 93108141 A EP93108141 A EP 93108141A EP 93108141 A EP93108141 A EP 93108141A EP 0572866 A1 EP0572866 A1 EP 0572866A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
material according
operating material
esters
butyl
tert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93108141A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hannsheinz Dr. c/o Fuchs Petrolub AG Hohn
Theo Dr. c/o Fuchs Petrolub AG Mang
Rudolf c/o Fuchs Petrolub AG Turek
Manfred Dr. c/o Fuchs Petrolub AG Wildersohn
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Fuchs SE
Original Assignee
Fuchs Petrolub SE
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Publication date
Application filed by Fuchs Petrolub SE filed Critical Fuchs Petrolub SE
Publication of EP0572866A1 publication Critical patent/EP0572866A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/2805—Esters used as base material
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    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
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    • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2855—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids used as base material
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    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
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    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
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    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
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    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
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    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel for use in internal combustion engines according to the spark and compression ignition principle with circulation lubrication in gears, hydraulics, clutches and. The like. Units in vehicles and work machines.
  • the invention therefore relates to a fuel which is primarily suitable for use in internal combustion engines based on the compression ignition or spark ignition principle, provided that they have a circulation lubrication system.
  • the operating fluid should also be particularly suitable from case to case in order to meet the requirements of units that utilize the drive energy generated in the internal combustion engines, such as, for example, manual transmissions, hydraulic systems, turbo couplings, and axle transmissions, regardless of whether the units and motors have separate or shared oil budgets.
  • the present invention thus includes the task of avoiding environmental pollution from operating materials in all phases of practical use and the technical performance in the above-mentioned units that has only been achieved or achievable with environmentally hazardous combinations of base oils and additives.
  • the weight fraction of the biodegradable base oil can preferably be between 80 and 95% and the weight fraction of the additives between 20 and 5%.
  • the base oil preferably consists of one or more biodegradable ester oils, in particular mixtures of different ester types, the invention in particular envisaging the use of only ester types whose biodegradability corresponds to at least 80% according to CEC-L-33-T-82.
  • the additives used can preferably be antioxidants, metal passivators, rust or corrosion inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, scale inhibitors, detergents and dispersants, high-pressure and wear protection additives and / or friction modifiers or the like.
  • additive content As far as the additive content is concerned, it is crucial to forego the majority of the conventional components and their combinations used in technically demanding operating materials of the type mentioned, because these are predominantly environmentally hazardous and, moreover, cannot be combined with base oils according to the invention exclusively of the ester type.
  • all additives are non-toxic and not hazardous to the environment, they can preferably be defined based on their task. In particular, additives with multifunctional properties are preferred.
  • Phenolic and / or aminic antioxidants are preferably used as additives, insofar as these ensure the desired biodegradability and low toxicity.
  • the weight fraction of the antioxidants is preferably in the order of 1 to 6%.
  • the invention proposes in particular those listed in claims 14 to 21, as well as their preferred ones Parts by weight.
  • the ester oils used have a biodegradability of at least 80% in contrast to conventional mineral oil hydrocarbons of about 20%, the operating fluids according to the invention are classified in water hazard class WGK 0, in contrast to operating fluids based on conventional mineral oils and additives, which are classified in WGK2.
  • the evaporation losses according to NOACK are below 6% for the operating materials according to the invention, while, for example, mineral oil-based 10W base oils have evaporation losses of over 15%.
  • the low NOACK values lead to low oil consumption and low exhaust emissions, in particular to reduce particle emissions.
  • the viscosity-temperature behavior of the operating materials according to the invention can, for example, correspond to that of conventional engine oils of classes SAE 5W-40 or SAE 10W-40, analogous to the technical requirements.
  • the cold viscosity approaches that of a 5W motor oil.
  • the additive fraction of the novel additive system according to the invention can preferably be 5%.
  • the ash-forming components of the additives do not contain zinc, they are limited to a maximum of 50% of those in conventional motor and aggregate oils (sulfate ash maximum 0.6% by weight).
  • the individual components used in the additive system are only in the water hazard class WGKO or 1. No components are used in the operating materials according to the invention which are subject to labeling according to the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Chemicals Act).
  • the performance of the universal oil according to the invention corresponds to the requirements contained in the specifications of relevant manufacturers and - insofar as the motor performance is concerned - to the internationally applicable CCMC or ACEA specifications, such as G5 / PD2 / D4.
  • the universal oils according to the invention have very special properties which result from the requirements of the gears, wet brakes, clutches, hydraulics and the like. Like.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a functional fluid for use in internal combustion engines according to the spark-ignition principle and auto-ignition principle with circulating lubrication, in gearboxes, hydraulic systems, clutches and similar units in vehicles and working machines, consisting of a base oil and additives, the base oil being biodegradable and the additives being non-toxic and not being a hazard to the environment.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Betriebsstoff für den Einsatz in Verbrennungsmotoren nach dem Fremd- und Selbstzündungsprinzip mit Umlaufschmierung in Getrieben, Hydrauliken, Kupplungen u. dgl. Aggregaten in Fahrzeugen und Arbeitsmaschinen.The invention relates to a fuel for use in internal combustion engines according to the spark and compression ignition principle with circulation lubrication in gears, hydraulics, clutches and. The like. Units in vehicles and work machines.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich also auf einen Betriebsstoff, der in erster Linie für den Einsatz in Verbrennungsmotoren nach dem Selbstzündungs- oder Fremdzündungsprinzip geeignet ist, soweit diese ein Umlaufschmierungssystem besitzen. Der Betriebsstoff soll von Fall zu Fall in gleicher Weise besonders geeignet sein für die Erfüllung von Anforderungen von Aggregaten, die der Verwertung der in den Verbrennungsmotoren erzeugten Antriebsenergie, wie bspw. Schaltgetriebe, Hydrauliksysteme, Turbokupplungen, Achsgetriebe, unabhängig davon, ob die Aggregate und Motoren getrennte oder gemeinsame Ölhaushalte besitzen.The invention therefore relates to a fuel which is primarily suitable for use in internal combustion engines based on the compression ignition or spark ignition principle, provided that they have a circulation lubrication system. The operating fluid should also be particularly suitable from case to case in order to meet the requirements of units that utilize the drive energy generated in the internal combustion engines, such as, for example, manual transmissions, hydraulic systems, turbo couplings, and axle transmissions, regardless of whether the units and motors have separate or shared oil budgets.

Zur Vermeidung der Umweltbelastung ist bereits allgemein, jedoch ohne nähere Spezifizierung vorgeschlagen worden, Schmierstoffe auf der Basis leicht abbaubarer Grundöle vom Estertyp und Additive leichter Abbaubarkeit und geringer Toxizität einzusetzen.In order to avoid environmental pollution, it has already been proposed in general, but without further specification, to use lubricants based on readily degradable base oils of the ester type and additives that are easily degradable and low in toxicity.

In der Praxis sind solche Schmierstoffe und ähnliche Betriebsstoffe vorzugsweise da in Anwendung, wo durch Verlustschmierung der gesamte verwendete Betriebsstoff nach seinem Gebrauch in die Umwelt gelangt, was beispielhaft für Sägekettenöle, Weichenschmieren, Entschalungsöle, Sägegatterschmierstoffe und 2-Takt-Motorenöle zutrifft. Es sind jedoch auch Fälle bekannt, in denen solche Schmierstoffe und ähnliche Betriebsstoffe in Aggregaten verwendet werden, bei denen keine Verlustschmierung vorgesehen ist, jedoch die Befürchtung oder der Verdacht besteht, daß gelegentlich Betriebsstoffe in die Umwelt gelangen, wie beispielhaft in Getriebe, Hydrauliken und Kompressoren.In practice, such lubricants and similar operating fluids are preferably used where, through loss lubrication, all the operating fluids used get into the environment after their use, which applies, for example, to saw chain oils, switch lubrication, formwork oils, saw frame lubricants and 2-stroke engine oils. However, there are also known cases in which such lubricants and similar operating fluids are used in units in which no loss lubrication is provided, but there is fear or suspicion that operating fluids occasionally get into the environment, such as, for example, in transmissions, hydraulics and compressors .

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Betriebsstoff der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, welcher zunächst generell als Umlaufschmierstoff für Verbrennungsmotoren aller Art geeignet ist, vorzugsweise solcher, die in Fahrzeugen und Arbeitsmaschinen Verwendung finden. Solche Motoren stellen erhebliche Anforderungen an die eingesetzten Schmierstoffe, insbesondere dann, wenn sie mit Sondereinrichtungen zur Beeinflussung der Verbrennung und der Verbrennungsprodukte wie Turboladern, Abgaskatalysatoren versehen sind. Neben dieser generellen Eignung für Verbrennungsmotoren soll der Betriebsstoff gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung universell insbesondere im Bereich der Bau- und Landmaschinen einsetzbar sein. Das Einsatzprofil des erfindungsgemäßen Universalöls soll bei geringer Umweltbelastung insoweit und beispielhaft die Aggregate Otto- und Dieselmotoren, vorzugsweise nach dem 4-Takt-Prinzip, mit und ohne Turboaufladung, separate Hydrauliksysteme mit eigenem Ölhaushalt, Getriebe und Hydrauliken mit gemeinsamen Ölhaushalt mit und ohne integrierte Naßbremssysteme, Turbokupplungen und Lastschaltgetriebe überdecken und ggf. Achsgetriebe mit und ohne Sperrdifferential einschließen.The object of the present invention is to propose a fuel of the type mentioned at the outset which is initially generally suitable as a circulating lubricant for all types of internal combustion engines, preferably those which are used in vehicles and work machines. Such engines place considerable demands on the lubricants used, in particular when they are provided with special devices for influencing the combustion and the combustion products such as turbochargers and exhaust gas catalysts. In addition to this general suitability for internal combustion engines, the operating material according to the present invention should be universally applicable, in particular in the field of construction and agricultural machinery. The use profile of the universal oil according to the invention is intended to serve as an example for the aggregates with a low environmental impact Otto and diesel engines, preferably based on the 4-stroke principle, with and without turbocharging, separate hydraulic systems with their own oil supply, gearboxes and hydraulics with a common oil supply with and without integrated wet braking systems, turbo clutches and powershift gearboxes and, if necessary, include axle drives with and without limited slip differential .

Die vorliegende Erfindung schließt also die Aufgabe der Vermeidung von Umweltbelastungen durch Betriebsstoffe in allen Phasen des praktischen Einsatzes und die bisher nur mit umweltgefährdenden Kombinationen von Grundölen und Additiven erreichten bzw. erreichbaren technischen Leistungen in den erwähnten Aggregaten ein.The present invention thus includes the task of avoiding environmental pollution from operating materials in all phases of practical use and the technical performance in the above-mentioned units that has only been achieved or achievable with environmentally hazardous combinations of base oils and additives.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß das Grundöl in seiner Gesamtheit biologisch abbaubar und die Additive nicht toxisch und nicht umweltgefährdend sind.This object is achieved according to the invention essentially in that the base oil in its entirety is biodegradable and the additives are non-toxic and not environmentally hazardous.

Der Gewichtsanteil des biologisch abbaubaren Grundöls kann dabei vorzugsweise zwischen 80 und 95 % und der Gewichtsanteil der Additive zwischen 20 und 5 % liegen.The weight fraction of the biodegradable base oil can preferably be between 80 and 95% and the weight fraction of the additives between 20 and 5%.

Das Grundöl besteht dabei vorzugsweise aus einem oder mehreren biologisch abbaubaren Esterölen, insbesondere Gemischen unterschiedlicher Estertypen, wobei die Erfindung insbesondere vorsieht, nur Estertypen einzusetzen, deren biologische Abbaubarkeit mindestens 80 % nach CEC-L-33-T-82 entsprechen.The base oil preferably consists of one or more biodegradable ester oils, in particular mixtures of different ester types, the invention in particular envisaging the use of only ester types whose biodegradability corresponds to at least 80% according to CEC-L-33-T-82.

Für Einsätze dieser Art, d.h. für die Umlaufschmierung von Verbrennungsmotoren generell und darüber hinaus universell in den erwähnten Aggregaten sind bisher vorzugsweise Betriebsstoffe auf Mineralölbasis unter Verwendung von solchen Additiven oder Additiv-Kombinationen aufgebaut worden, die sowohl auf die gestellten technischen Aufgaben, als auch auf die Verträglichkeit mit den Grundölen auf Mineralölbasis abgestimmt sind. Zur Verbesserung der Leistungsfähigkeit, im besonderen hinsichtlich des Kältefließverhaltens und des Verdampfungsverlustes, sind anstelle der Grundöle auf Mineralölbasis solche auf Synthesebasis eingesetzt worden, wobei wiederum vorzugsweise synthetische Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Polyalphaolefine Verwendung gefunden haben. Soweit Grundöle vom Estertyp in solche Formulierungen Eingang gefunden haben, beschränkt sich deren Anteil - in der Größenordnung von bis zu 25 % - ausschließlich auf die Verbesserung der Leistungsfähigkeit, ohne daß hierbei irgendwelche Umweltaspekte eine Rolle spielten. Teil- oder vollsynthetische Betriebsstoffe mit einem Grundölanteil vom Estertyp konnten in diesem Zusammenhang mit den gleichen oder nur geringfügig modifizierten Additivkombinationen, wie sie für Grundöle auf Mineralölbasis bewährt sind, auf das erforderliche Leistungsniveau eingestellt werden.For applications of this type, that is to say for the circulation lubrication of internal combustion engines in general and, moreover, universally in the units mentioned, operating materials have so far been preferred based on mineral oil using additives or combinations of additives that are tailored to the technical requirements as well as the compatibility with the base oils based on mineral oil. In order to improve the performance, in particular with regard to the cold flow behavior and the loss of evaporation, those based on mineral oils have been used instead of those based on mineral oils, synthetic hydrocarbons such as polyalphaolefins again preferably being used. To the extent that base oils of the ester type have found their way into such formulations, their proportion - in the order of up to 25% - is restricted exclusively to improving the performance, without any environmental aspects playing a role here. In this context, partially or fully synthetic fuels with a base oil content of the ester type could be adjusted to the required performance level with the same or only slightly modified additive combinations as are proven for base oils based on mineral oil.

Als erfindungsgemäße Ester kommen vorzugsweise Di-Carbonsäureester, Polyolester, Komplexester und/oder Ester auf der Basis von Dimerfettsäuren bzw. Gemische derselben in Frage.Preferred esters according to the invention are dicarboxylic acid esters, polyol esters, complex esters and / or esters based on dimer fatty acids or mixtures thereof.

Spezielle erfindungsgemäße Di-Carbonsäureester ergeben sich aus Anspruch 4.Special di-carboxylic acid esters according to the invention result from claim 4.

Spezielle erfindungsgemäße Polyolester ergeben sich aus Anspruch 5.Special polyol esters according to the invention result from claim 5.

Spezielle erfindungsgemäße Komplexester ergeben sich aus Anspruch 6.Special complex esters according to the invention result from claim 6.

Die eingesetzten Additive können vorzugsweise Antioxidantien, Metallpassivatoren, Rost- bzw. Korrosionsinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunkt-Erniedriger, Ablagerungsverhinderer, Detergier- und Dispergiermittel, Hochdruck- und Verschleißschutzzusätze und/oder Reibungsmodifikatoren od. dgl. sein.The additives used can preferably be antioxidants, metal passivators, rust or corrosion inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, scale inhibitors, detergents and dispersants, high-pressure and wear protection additives and / or friction modifiers or the like.

Was den Additivanteil betrifft, so ist entscheidend, auf den überwiegenden Teil der konventionellen, in technisch anspruchsvollen Betriebsstoffen der erwähnten Art eingesetzten Komponenten und deren Kombinationen zu verzichten, weil diese überwiegend umweltgefährdend sind und sich darüber hinaus nicht mit erfindungsgemäßen Grundölen ausschließlich vom Estertyp kombinieren lassen. Unter der Voraussetzung, daß alle Additive nicht toxisch und nicht umweltgefährdend sind, können diese vorzugsweise anhand ihrer Aufgabenstellung definiert werden. Bevorzugt sind dabei insbesondere solche Additive mit multifunktionellen Eigenschaften.As far as the additive content is concerned, it is crucial to forego the majority of the conventional components and their combinations used in technically demanding operating materials of the type mentioned, because these are predominantly environmentally hazardous and, moreover, cannot be combined with base oils according to the invention exclusively of the ester type. Provided that all additives are non-toxic and not hazardous to the environment, they can preferably be defined based on their task. In particular, additives with multifunctional properties are preferred.

Als Additive werden vorzugsweise phenolische und/oder aminische Antioxidantien eingesetzt, soweit diese die gewünschte biologische Abbaubarkeit und geringe Toxizität gewährleisten.Phenolic and / or aminic antioxidants are preferably used as additives, insofar as these ensure the desired biodegradability and low toxicity.

Dabei ist es insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn als Additive eine Kombination synergetisch wirkender Antioxidantien eingesetzt wird.It is particularly advantageous if a combination of synergistic antioxidants is used as additives.

Der Gewichtsanteil der Antioxidantien liegt vorzugsweise in der Größenordnung zwischen 1 bis 6 %.The weight fraction of the antioxidants is preferably in the order of 1 to 6%.

Spezielle erfindungsgemäße Antioxidantien ergeben sich aus den Ansprüche 11 bis 13.Special antioxidants according to the invention result from claims 11 to 13.

Als besondere Metallpassivatoren, Rost- bzw. Korrosionsinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunkt-Erniedriger, Ablagerungsverhinderer, Detergier- bzw. Dispergiermittel, Hochdruck- und Verschleißschutzzusätze sowie Reibungsmodifikatoren werden mit der Erfindung insbesondere die in den Ansprüchen 14 bis 21 aufgeführten vorgeschlagen, ebenso deren bevorzugten Gewichtsanteile.As special metal passivators, rust or corrosion inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, deposit inhibitors, detergents or dispersants, high-pressure and wear protection additives and friction modifiers, the invention proposes in particular those listed in claims 14 to 21, as well as their preferred ones Parts by weight.

Der Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffe ist, trotz der in Rechnung zu stellenden Leckagen und der Ölanteile, welche verbrannt oder unverbrannt mit dem Motorenabgas in die Umwelt gelangen, bei Lagerung, Transport und dem Umfüllen wesentlich risikoärmer als derjenige der bisherigen Mineralöle. Die Anforderungen, welche bspw. durch Wasserhaushaltsgesetz, Emissionsschutzgesetz, Chemikaliengesetz, Gefahrstoffverordnung u. dgl. gestellt werden, sind nach der Erfindung ohne weiteres zu erfüllen.The use of the operating materials according to the invention is, despite the leaks to be charged and the oil components which are burned or unburned with the engine exhaust gas in the environment, in storage, transport and decanting much less risk than that of the previous mineral oils. The requirements, for example, by the Water Resources Act, Emission Protection Act, Chemicals Act, Hazardous Substances Ordinance, etc. The like. Are to be fulfilled according to the invention without further ado.

Die eingesetzten Esteröle haben eine biologische Abbaubarkeit von mindestens 80 % im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Mineralölkohlenwasserstoffen von etwa 20 %, die erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffe werden in die Wassergefährdungsklasse WGK 0 eingestuft, im Gegensatz zu Betriebsstoffen auf der Basis herkömmlicher Mineralöle und Additive, welche in WGK2 einzustufen sind. Die Verdampfungsverluste nach NOACK liegen bei den erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffen unter 6 %, während bspw. mineralölbasische 10W-Grundöle Verdampfungsverluste von über 15 % aufweisen. Die niedrigen NOACK-Werte führen zu einem geringen Ölverbrauch und geringer Abgasemission, insbesondere zu einer Reduzierung der Partikelemission. Das Viskositäts-Temperatur-Verhalten der erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffe kann bspw. analog den technischen Anforderungen dem von herkömmlichen Motorenölen der Klassen SAE 5W-40 oder SAE 10W-40 entsprechen. Die Kälteviskosität nähert sich der eines 5W-Motorenöls.The ester oils used have a biodegradability of at least 80% in contrast to conventional mineral oil hydrocarbons of about 20%, the operating fluids according to the invention are classified in water hazard class WGK 0, in contrast to operating fluids based on conventional mineral oils and additives, which are classified in WGK2. The evaporation losses according to NOACK are below 6% for the operating materials according to the invention, while, for example, mineral oil-based 10W base oils have evaporation losses of over 15%. The low NOACK values lead to low oil consumption and low exhaust emissions, in particular to reduce particle emissions. The viscosity-temperature behavior of the operating materials according to the invention can, for example, correspond to that of conventional engine oils of classes SAE 5W-40 or SAE 10W-40, analogous to the technical requirements. The cold viscosity approaches that of a 5W motor oil.

Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffen kann der Additivanteil des erfindungsgemäßen neuartigen Additivsystems vorzugsweise bei 5 % liegen. Die aschebildenden Bestandteile der Additive enthalten kein Zink, sie werden auf maximal 50 % der in herkömmlichen Motoren- und Aggregatölen beschränkt (Sulfatasche maximal 0,6 Gew.-%). Die im Additivsystem verwendeten Einzelkomponenten liegen nur in der Wassergefährdungsklasse WGKO oder 1. Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsstoffen werden keine Komponenten verwendet, welche nach der Gefahrstoffverordnung (Chemikaliengesetz) kennzeichnungspflichtig sind.In the case of the operating materials according to the invention, the additive fraction of the novel additive system according to the invention can preferably be 5%. The ash-forming components of the additives do not contain zinc, they are limited to a maximum of 50% of those in conventional motor and aggregate oils (sulfate ash maximum 0.6% by weight). The individual components used in the additive system are only in the water hazard class WGKO or 1. No components are used in the operating materials according to the invention which are subject to labeling according to the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Chemicals Act).

Das Leistungsvermögen des erfindungsgemäßen Universalöls entspricht den in Spezifikationen maßgeblicher Hersteller enthaltenen Anforderungen und - soweit die motorische Leistungsfähigkeit betroffen ist - den jeweils international gültigen CCMC- bzw. ACEA-Spezifikationen, wie bspw. G5/PD2/D4.The performance of the universal oil according to the invention corresponds to the requirements contained in the specifications of relevant manufacturers and - insofar as the motor performance is concerned - to the internationally applicable CCMC or ACEA specifications, such as G5 / PD2 / D4.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Universalöle haben über ihre Leistungsfähigkeit als Motorenöle hinaus ganz besondere Eigenschaften, die sich aus den Anforderungen der Getriebe, nassen Bremsen, Kupplungen, Hydrauliken u. dgl. ergeben.In addition to their performance as motor oils, the universal oils according to the invention have very special properties which result from the requirements of the gears, wet brakes, clutches, hydraulics and the like. Like.

Claims (21)

Betriebsstoff für den Einsatz in Verbrennungsmotoren nach dem Fremd- und Selbstzündungsprinzip mit Umlaufschmierung, in Getrieben, Hydrauliken, Kupplungen u. dgl. Aggregaten in Fahrzeugen und Arbeitsmaschinen, bestehend aus einem Grundöl und Additiven, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Grundöl biologisch abbaubar und die Additive nicht toxisch und nicht umweltgefährdend sind.Operating fluid for use in internal combustion engines based on the spark and compression ignition principle with circulating lubrication, in gearboxes, hydraulics, clutches and the like. Units in vehicles and work machines, consisting of a base oil and additives, characterized in that the base oil is biodegradable and the additives are non-toxic and not environmentally hazardous. Betriebsstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Grundöl aus einem oder mehreren biologisch abbaubaren Esterölen, insbesondere Gemischen unterschiedlicher Estertypen, besteht.Operating material according to claim 1, characterized in that the base oil consists of one or more biodegradable ester oils, in particular mixtures of different ester types. Betriebsstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Ester Di-Carbonsäureester, Polyolester, Komplexester und/oder Ester auf der Basis von Dimerfettsäuren bzw. Gemische derselben dienen.Operating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the esters used are dicarboxylic acid esters, polyol esters, complex esters and / or esters based on dimer fatty acids or mixtures thereof. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Ester Di-Carbonsäureester auf der Basis von Adipinsäure, Azelainsäure und/oder Sebacinsäure mit geradkettigen und/oder verzweigten Alkoholen der Kettenlänge C4 bis C18, vorzugsweise C6 bis C13, bzw. Gemische unterschiedlicher Kettenlänge derselben, dienen.Operating material according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ester used is dicarboxylic acid ester based on adipic acid, azelaic acid and / or sebacic acid with straight-chain and / or branched chain alcohols C4 to C18, preferably C6 to C13, or mixtures different chain lengths of the same serve. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Ester Polyolester auf der Basis von Trimethylolethan, Trimethylolpropan, Pentaerythritol und/oder Neopentylglykol mit geradekettigen und/oder verzweigten Carbonsäuren der Kettenlänge C4 bis C22, vorzugsweise C6 bis C18, bzw. Gemische unterschiedlicher Kettenlänge derselben, dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that as the ester polyol ester based on trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or neopentyl glycol with straight-chain and / or branched carboxylic acids of chain length C4 to C22, preferably C6 to C18, or mixtures different chain length of the same serve. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Ester Komplexester dienen, welche durch Veresterung von mehrwertigen Alkoholen mit Di-Carbonsäuren erhalten worden sind.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the esters used are complex esters which have been obtained by esterification of polyhydric alcohols with di-carboxylic acids. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Additive Antioxidantien, Metallpassivatoren, Rost- und Korrosionsinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunkt-Erniedriger, Ablagerungsverhinderer, Detergier- und Dispergiermittel, Hochdruck- und Verschleißschutzzusätze und/oder Reibungsmodifikatoren od. dgl. dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, as additives, antioxidants, metal passivators, rust and corrosion inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, deposit preventers, detergents and dispersants, high-pressure and wear protection additives and / or friction modifiers or the like . serve. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Additive phenolische und/oder aminische Antooxidantien dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that phenolic and / or aminic antooxidants are used as additives. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Additive eine Kombination synergistisch wirkender Antioxidantien dient.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a combination of synergistic antioxidants serves as additives. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gewichtsanteil der Antioxidantien 0,5 % bis 6 % beträgt.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the proportion by weight of the antioxidants is 0.5% to 6%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als phenolische Antioxidantien alkylierte Monophenole (z.B. 2,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Methylphenol, 2,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-Phenol, 2-Tert-Butyl-4,6-Dimethylphenol und/oder 2,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Ethylphenol) und/oder alkylierte Hydrochinone (z.B. 2,5-Di-Tert-Butyl-Hydrochinon, und/oder 2,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Methoxyphenol) und/oder hydroxilierte Thiodiphenyläther (z.B. 2,2'-Thio-Bis (4-Octylphenol) und/oder Alkyliden-Bisphenole (z.B. 2,2'-Methylen-Bis-(6-Tert-Butyl-4-Methylphenol) und/oder Benzylverbindungen (z.B. 1,3,5-Tri-(3,5-Di-Tert-Butyl- 4-Hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-Tri-Methylbenzol) und/oder Acylaminophenole (z.B. N-(3,5-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Hydroxyphenol)-Carbaminsäure-Octylester) dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that monophenols alkylated as phenolic antioxidants (for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol, 2-tert- Butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol and / or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol) and / or alkylated hydroquinones (e.g. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroquinone, and / or 2,6- Di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol) and / or hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers (e.g. 2,2'-thio-bis (4-octylphenol) and / or alkylidene bisphenols (e.g. 2,2'-methylene-bis- (6- Tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) and / or benzyl compounds (e.g. 1,3,5-tri- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,4,6-tri-methylbenzene) and / or acylaminophenols (e.g. N- (3rd , 5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenol) carbamic acid octyl ester) are used. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als aminische Antioxidantien Di-Phenylamin, octylisiertes Di-Phenylamin und/oder N-Phenyl-1-Naphtylamin, dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that di-phenylamine, octylized di-phenylamine and / or N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine are used as aminic antioxidants. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als weitere Antioxidantien aliphatische oder aromatische Phosphite, Ester der Thio-Di-Propionsäure, Butyl-Hydroxyanisol, Butyl-Hydroxyltoluol, Methoxyhydrochinon, 2,2,4-Tri-Methyl-1,2-Di-Hydrochinolin, 3-(3,5-Di-Tert-Butyl-4-Hydroxyphenyl)-Propionsäure-Octadecylester und/oder Tocopherol, dienen.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that aliphatic or aromatic phosphites, esters of thio-di-propionic acid, butyl-hydroxyanisole, butyl-hydroxyltoluene, methoxyhydroquinone, 2,2,4-tri-methyl-1 as further antioxidants , 2-di-hydroquinoline, 3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid octadecyl ester and / or tocopherol, are used. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Metall-Passsivatoren Benztriazole und deren Derivate, Salicylaminoguanidin, Toluotriazole und deren Derivate, 2-Mercaptobenzthiazol, 2-Mercaptobenztriazol und/oder Salicyliden-Propylendiamin, dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,01 bis 1,0 %, insbesondere 0,02 bis 0,08 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the metal passivators used are benztriazoles and their derivatives, salicylaminoguanidine, toluotriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenztriazole and / or salicylidene-propylenediamine, and preferably in one Weight fraction of 0.01 to 1.0%, in particular 0.02 to 0.08%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Rost- bzw. Korrosionsinhibitoren organische Säuren, ihre Ester, Metallsalze und Anhydride, z.B. N-Oleoyl-Sarkosin, Sorbitan-Monooleat und/oder Alkenyl-Bernsteinsäure-Anhydrid, stickstoffhaltige Verbindungen, z.B. primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre aliphatische oder zyclcaliphatische Amine und Aminsalze von organischen und anorganischen Säuren und/oder heterozyklische Verbindungen, wie z.B. substituierte Imidazoline und Oxazoline, und/oder phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, z.B. Aminsalze von Phosphorsäure-Parziolestern, dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,1 bis 5 %, insbesondere 0,1 bis 1,0 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the rust or corrosion inhibitors are organic acids, their esters, metal salts and anhydrides, for example N-oleoyl sarcosine, sorbitan monooleate and / or alkenyl succinic anhydride, nitrogen-containing compounds , for example primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or cyclcaliphatic Amines and amine salts of organic and inorganic acids and / or heterocyclic compounds, such as, for example, substituted imidazolines and oxazolines, and / or compounds containing phosphorus, for example amine salts of phosphoric acid pariols, are used, preferably in a weight fraction of 0.1 to 5%, in particular 0.1 to 1.0%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer bzw. Stockpunkt-Erniedriger Polyacrylate, Polymethacrylate, Vinylpyrolidon/Methacrylat-Copolymere und/oder Polyäther, dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,05 bis 4,0 %, insbesondere 0,2 bis 2 %.Operating material according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrolidone / methacrylate copolymers and / or polyethers serve as viscosity index improvers or pour point depressants, preferably in a proportion by weight of 0.05 to 4 , 0%, in particular 0.2 to 2%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Ablagerungsverhinderer Polyäther dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,5 bis 15 %, insbesondere 1,0 bis 10 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that polyethers serve as deposition inhibitors, preferably in a proportion by weight of 0.5 to 15%, in particular 1.0 to 10%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Detergier- bzw. Dispergiermittel Polybutenyl-Bernsteinsäure-Amide oder -imide, Polybutenyl-Phosphorsäurederivate, Guanidin-Derivate und/oder Salicylate, dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,5 bis 8,0 %, insbesondere 2,0 bis 5,0 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the detergent or dispersant used are polybutenyl succinic acid amides or imides, polybutenyl phosphoric acid derivatives, guanidine derivatives and / or salicylates, preferably in a proportion by weight of 0 , 5 to 8.0%, in particular 2.0 to 5.0%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Hochdruck- bzw. Verschleißschutz-Additive Schwefel und/oder Phosphor enthaltende Verbindungen, wie geschwefelte, pflanzliche Öle, metallfreie Dithiophosphate, Phosphorsäureester, Phosphite und/oder Phosphonite, dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,5 bis 3,0 %, insbesondere 1,0 bis 2,0 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that sulfur-containing and / or phosphorus-containing compounds, such as sulfurized, vegetable oils, metal-free dithiophosphates, phosphoric acid esters, phosphites and / or phosphonites, serve as high-pressure or wear protection additives preferably in a weight fraction of 0.5 to 3.0%, in particular 1.0 to 2.0%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Antischaumzusätze Silikonöle, z.B. Dimethylpolysiloxan, Polyethylenglykolether, Aminoalkohole und/oder bestimmte Ester dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,01 bis 2,0 %, insbesondere 0,05 bis 0,5 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that silicone oils, e.g. Dimethylpolysiloxane, polyethylene glycol ether, amino alcohols and / or certain esters are used, preferably in a proportion by weight of 0.01 to 2.0%, in particular 0.05 to 0.5%. Betriebsstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Reibungsmodifikatoren Ester, Fettsäureamide, sulfurierte Fettester und Fettsäureamide, Esteramide von alkoxylierten Aminen, borierte langkettige 1,2-Alkandiole und/oder Polycarbonsäureester dienen, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,5 bis 5 %, insbesondere 1,0 bis 3,0 %.Operating material according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that esters, fatty acid amides, sulfurized fatty esters and fatty acid amides, ester amides of alkoxylated amines, borated long-chain 1,2-alkanediols and / or polycarboxylic acid esters are used as friction modifiers, preferably in a weight fraction of 0 , 5 to 5%, in particular 1.0 to 3.0%.
EP93108141A 1992-05-30 1993-05-19 Environmentally acceptable and rapidly biodegradable functional fluid for lubrication systems of engines and other units in vehicles and machines Ceased EP0572866A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4217961 1992-05-30
DE4217961A DE4217961A1 (en) 1992-05-30 1992-05-30 Environmentally compatible and quickly biodegradable supplies for the circulation lubrication of engines and other units in vehicles and work machines

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5658864A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-08-19 Ethyl Corporation Biodegradable pour point depressants for industrial fluids derived from biodegradable base oils
WO1998022559A1 (en) * 1996-11-16 1998-05-28 Fragol Industrieschmierstoff Gmbh Operating fluid for lifetime lubricated internal combustion engines
WO1999015606A1 (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Synthetic biodegradable lubricants and functional fluids
FR2792326A1 (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-20 Renault NON-TOXIC AND BIODEGRADABLE FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND PROPYLENE OXIDE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
FR2792325A1 (en) * 1999-06-30 2000-10-20 Renault Non-toxic and biodegradable fluids for multi-functional applications in automobiles are based on ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers or esters of neopolyols
US7067049B1 (en) 2000-02-04 2006-06-27 Exxonmobil Oil Corporation Formulated lubricant oils containing high-performance base oils derived from highly paraffinic hydrocarbons
WO2007100726A2 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-07 Chemtura Corporation Stabilizing compositions for lubricants
WO2010069986A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Lubricating oil composition
WO2012033668A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydroxychroman derivatives as engine oil antioxidants
EP3511399A4 (en) * 2016-06-14 2020-07-15 NOF Corporation Lubricating oil composition

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EP0434464A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Transition-metal free Lubricant
EP0464491A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-08 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Use of a lubricating oil composition in compressors
EP0468109A1 (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-01-29 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Biodegradable lubricants and functional fluids
EP0523560A1 (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-20 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricating oil composition for 2 cycle or rotary engine
EP0535990A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Nippon Oil Company, Limited A lubricating oil composition

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WO1991002784A1 (en) * 1989-08-17 1991-03-07 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Environment-friendly basic oil for formulating hydraulic fluids
EP0434464A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Transition-metal free Lubricant
EP0464491A1 (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-08 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Use of a lubricating oil composition in compressors
EP0468109A1 (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-01-29 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Biodegradable lubricants and functional fluids
EP0523560A1 (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-20 Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited Lubricating oil composition for 2 cycle or rotary engine
EP0535990A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-07 Nippon Oil Company, Limited A lubricating oil composition

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5658864A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-08-19 Ethyl Corporation Biodegradable pour point depressants for industrial fluids derived from biodegradable base oils
WO1998022559A1 (en) * 1996-11-16 1998-05-28 Fragol Industrieschmierstoff Gmbh Operating fluid for lifetime lubricated internal combustion engines
WO1999015606A1 (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Synthetic biodegradable lubricants and functional fluids
FR2792326A1 (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-20 Renault NON-TOXIC AND BIODEGRADABLE FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND PROPYLENE OXIDE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
EP1046699A1 (en) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 Renault Non-toxic, biodegradable functional fluids for motor vehicles
FR2792325A1 (en) * 1999-06-30 2000-10-20 Renault Non-toxic and biodegradable fluids for multi-functional applications in automobiles are based on ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers or esters of neopolyols
US7067049B1 (en) 2000-02-04 2006-06-27 Exxonmobil Oil Corporation Formulated lubricant oils containing high-performance base oils derived from highly paraffinic hydrocarbons
WO2007100726A2 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-07 Chemtura Corporation Stabilizing compositions for lubricants
WO2007100726A3 (en) * 2006-02-28 2008-06-26 Chemtura Corp Stabilizing compositions for lubricants
US7928045B2 (en) 2006-02-28 2011-04-19 Chemtura Corporation Stabilizing compositions for lubricants
WO2010069986A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Lubricating oil composition
WO2012033668A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydroxychroman derivatives as engine oil antioxidants
EP3070153A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2016-09-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Hydroxychroman derivatives as antioxidants
EP3511399A4 (en) * 2016-06-14 2020-07-15 NOF Corporation Lubricating oil composition

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