EP0565624A4 - Lubricant adducts and their preparation - Google Patents
Lubricant adducts and their preparationInfo
- Publication number
- EP0565624A4 EP0565624A4 EP92904012A EP92904012A EP0565624A4 EP 0565624 A4 EP0565624 A4 EP 0565624A4 EP 92904012 A EP92904012 A EP 92904012A EP 92904012 A EP92904012 A EP 92904012A EP 0565624 A4 EP0565624 A4 EP 0565624A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adduct
- lubricant
- fuel
- hydrocarbyl
- substitueπt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/12—Polycyclic non-condensed hydrocarbons
- C07C15/16—Polycyclic non-condensed hydrocarbons containing at least two phenyl groups linked by one single acyclic carbon atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/257—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C43/275—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
- C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
- C07D327/08—[b,e]-condensed with two six-membered carbocyclic rings
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1691—Hydrocarbons petroleum waxes, mineral waxes; paraffines; alkylation products; Friedel-Crafts condensation products; petroleum resins; modified waxes (oxidised)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/1817—Compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
- C10L1/2406—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides
- C10L1/2412—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium mercaptans; hydrocarbon sulfides sulfur bond to an aromatic radical
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/2443—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds
- C10L1/245—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds only sulfur as hetero atom
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/2443—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds
- C10L1/2456—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds sulfur with oxygen and/or nitrogen in the ring, e.g. thiazoles
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/72—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
- C10M127/06—Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/16—Ethers
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/28—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
- C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C10M2219/003—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10M2219/021—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds used as base material
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- C10M2219/0406—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides used as base material
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- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
- C10M2219/0463—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts used as base material
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- C10M2219/061—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof used as base material
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
Definitions
- This invention relates to lubricant adducts and their preparation. More particularly, this invention relates to improved lubricant fluid oppositions c ⁇ tprising these adducts alone or blended with synthetic or mineral oil lubricant compositions; and to fuel c ⁇ positions ccr ⁇ prising these adducts.
- an adduct preparable by catalytically reacting :
- a substituted or ⁇ nsubstituted, fused or ⁇ nfused, poly ⁇ uclear, ar ⁇ atic compound which may contain at least one chalcogen atom.
- the hydrocarbyl substitue ⁇ t of i) may be aliphatic or cyclic (including aromatic and alicyclic) and may be linear or branched.
- the hydrocarbyl substitue ⁇ t comprises an adduct according to claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbyl substitue ⁇ t comprises a C. to C 50Q alkyl, alke ⁇ yl or alky ⁇ yl group, a C to C 50 _ aralkyl or alkaryl group or a C g to C 5Q0 aryl group.
- compound i) ⁇ c ⁇ prises an alpha olefin.
- cc ⁇ pcund ii) preferably has the general formula :
- X represents an oxygen or sulphur atom or a methylene group
- Y represents a sulphur atom or two hydrogen atoms attached to different aromatic rings.
- Die aromatic rings of compound ii) may be substituted on one ormore positions of any aromatic ring. Substitution by an alkyl group is preferred, especially with at least one a__kyl group on each ring.
- compound ii) comprises an adduct according to claim 7 wherein ii) comprises diphenyl ether, diphenyl sulphide, diphe ⁇ yl ethane or phen ⁇ xathiin.
- ii) comprises diphenyl ether, diphenyl sulphide, diphe ⁇ yl ethane or phen ⁇ xathiin.
- At least one compound comprising at least one olefinic group; a hydrocarbyl substituent; and, optionally, at least one heteroatcm; with ii) a substituted or unsubstituted, fused or unfused, polynuclear, aromatic compound which may contain at least one chalcogen atom
- This invention also provides a high temperature stable lubricant fluid comprising an adduct as herein described.
- the invention further provides a fuel composition comprising an adduct as herein described and a liquid hydrocarbon or oxygenated fuel.
- This invention in a further aspect, provides for the use of an adduct as herein described in a high te ⁇ perat ⁇ re stable lubricant fluid or a fuel composition for its improved antiwear, high and law temperature a ⁇ ti ⁇ xida ⁇ t, antispalling, a ⁇ tdsquawking, a ⁇ tifatigue, antistaining, additive solubility, load carrying, extreme pressure, thermal and co ⁇ dative, a ⁇ ticorrosion, denulsifyiiig emulsifying, detergent or cleanliness properties.
- adducts may be by means of a thermal or catalytic addition reaction.
- the exact mechanism of the reaction is not important to the purposes of this invention, so long as the hydrocarbyl substitue ⁇ t becomes attached to the compound (ii) described herein.
- One preferred method of reaction between compound i) and compound ii) is the combination of these reacta ⁇ ts in the presence of specific zeolite cataivsts; for example O ⁇ tacar USY and MCM-22.
- Additional catalysts which could be used advantageously in this invention are ZSM-12 and other large-pore and/or relatively large pore zeolites.
- FOC Octacat USY is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,898,846.
- MC -22 is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,983,276.
- This reaction is effected at temperatures frcm ambient to 350"C, preferably frcm 100-250 ⁇ C and most preferably from 180 to 240 ⁇ C over a period required to produce the desired conversion of reacta ⁇ ts to product.
- the reaction can be performed in a batch or semi-batch mode by cx ⁇ tinuous or partial addition of catalyst or hydrocarbyl substitue ⁇ t to the compound ii) .
- the catalyst can be used at levels from 1 grany'mole of compound ii) to 100 grams/mole of compound ii) , preferably from 5 gmole of compound ii) to 50 grams/mole of cc ⁇ pound ii) and most preferably frcm 10 to 30 grams catalyst/mole of compound ii) .
- the molar ratio of compound i) to compound ii) is frcm 0.5:1.0 to 10.0:1.0 and preferably from 1.0:1.0 to 4.0:1.0.
- the adducts of this invention can be prepared by reaction in the presence of CI. and other Lewis acids or in the presence of Br ⁇ nsted acids, as described in G. A. Olah's "I ⁇ edel-Crafts and Related Reactions", Vol. I, 1963, I ⁇ terscienc ⁇ Publishers.
- the adducts of the present invention may be used as liquid lubricants or in liquid lubricant compositions, and as solid lubricants or in solid lubricant compositions including greases, such as polyurea, lithium carb ⁇ xylate or clay-thicikened greases.
- adducts may also be used in ccmbinati ⁇ n with known additives, for example, a ⁇ ti ⁇ xida ⁇ ts, EP/a ⁇ tiwear agents, inhibitors, detergents and di ⁇ persants, and viscosity index improvers.
- a ⁇ ti ⁇ xida ⁇ ts include hindered phenols and aromatic amines.
- EP/a ⁇ tiwear additives include zinc pho ⁇ qph ⁇ rodithioates, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, phosphonates, phosphites and phosphorothi ⁇ nates.
- inhibitors include TMTD and phen ⁇ thiazine.
- Exa ⁇ ples of detergents and dispersants include sulfonates, phenates, and polymeric su ⁇ cinimides. These can be either metallic or non-metallic. Metallic detergents can be calcium or magnesium derived and can be neutral or overbased.
- the adducts of this invention can be used alone or in combination with other synthetic an ⁇ /ar mineral oil fluids. When used in combination with other synthetic and/or mineral oil fluids oils of lubricating viscosity may be used.
- mineral oils both paraffinic, naphthenic and mixtures thereof, employed as the lubricant, or grease vehicle, may be of any suitable lubricating viscosity range, as for example, frcm 45 SSU at 100'F to 6000 SSU at 100'F and preferably, frc ⁇ n 50 to 250 SSU at 210"F.
- These oils may preferably have viscosity indexes up to 95.
- the average molecular weights of these oils may be frcm 250 to 800.
- the lubricating oil is generally employed in an amount sufficient to balance the total grease composition, after acccu ⁇ tiiig for the desired quantity of the thickening agent, and other additive components to be included in the grease fori ⁇ ulati ⁇ n.
- thickening or gelling agents may include any of the conventional metal salts or soaps which are dispersed in the lubricating vehicle in grease-forming quantities in an amount to impart to the resulting grease composition the desired consistency.
- Other thickening agents that may be employed in the grease formulation may comprise non-soap thickeners, such as surface-modified clays and silicas, aryl ureas, calcium cc ⁇ plexes and similar materials.
- grease thickeners may be employed which do not melt and dissolve when used at the required temperature within a particular environment; however, in all other respects, any material which is normally employed for thickening or gelling hydrocarbon fluids for foaming grease can be used in preparing grease in accordance with the present invention.
- Typical synthetic oils include polyisofcutylene, polybutenes, lydrogenated polydecenes, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, trimethylprcpane esters, neope ⁇ tyl and pentaerythr ⁇ tol esters, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, dibutyl pfcthalate, fluorc ⁇ arb ⁇ ns, silicate esters, silanes, esters of phosphorus- ⁇ j ⁇ taining acids, liquid ureas, ferrocene derivatives, hydrogenated synthetic oils, chain-type polyphe ⁇ yls, siloxanes and silicones (polysil ⁇ xanes), alkvl-substi
- the adducts of the invention When used as additives the adducts of the invention have the ability to i ⁇ pxrve both the thermal and ⁇ xidative stability as well as the additive solubilrty of the oleagenous materials, i.e. , synthetic and/or mineral oil fluids with which they have been blended.
- Lubricant compositions in accordance with the invention may ccmprise frcm less than about 1 to about 100% of the adducts of the invention and or frcm less than about 100% to about 1% of a synthetic or mineral oil of lubricating viscosity or grease prepared therefrom and from 0.001 to 20 wt% of additive material based on the total weight of the composition.
- Fuel compositions of the invention comprising the adducts herein described include both hydrocarbon fuels, including gasoline, naphtha and diesel fuels or alcoholic fuels or mixtures of alcoholic and hydrocarbon fuels. Fuel compositions can contain 10 to 1,000 pounds of additive per 1,000 barrels of fuel or, more preferably, 25 to 250 pounds per 1,000 barrels of fuel.
- EXAMPLE 4 2.0 g of anhydrous A1C1- were added to a stirred mixture of 1-octene, 224.2 g (2 moles), and diphenyl ether, 170 g (1 mole) and heated at reflux for six hours. The mixture was then cooled; washed to remove i ⁇ rganic materials; and dried over anhydrous MgSO.. Gas chixmatographic analysis shewed essentially complete reaction of starting material. Color of this material >5 whereas the product of Example 1 was ⁇ 2.0.
- EXAMPLE 5 Using the procedure in Example 4, 1-decene 168 g (1 mole) and diphenyl ether (170 g, 1 mole) were reacted with Aid. (2 grams) at reflux for six hours. Vacuum distillation of the washed organic mixture to 170°C at 0.5-1.5 mr ⁇ Hg resulted in the desired hydrocarbyl diphenyl ether product.
- EXAMPLE 6 18.2 g of FOC Octacat USY catalyst were added to a vigorously stirred mixture of diphenyl methane (168.24 g, 1.0 mole) and 1-tetrade ⁇ ene (196 g, 1.0 mole) in a flask fitted with thermocouple and reflux condenser. The mixture was then heated to 200 ⁇ C, with stirring, for six hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered to remove catalyst and vacuum distilled to 170'C at 0.5-1.5 mmHg to remove unreacted starting materials.
- EXAMPLE 10 19.5 g of FCC Octacat USY catalyst were added to a vigorously stirred mixture of phenoxathin (202 g, 1.0 mole) and 1-tetradecene (196 g, 1.0 mole) in a flask fitted with thermocouple and reflux condenser. The mixture was then heated to 200'C, with stirring, for six hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered to remove catalyst and vacuum distilled to 170'C at 0.5-1.5 mmBg to remove unrea ⁇ ted starting materials.
- EXSMPLE 11 19.5 g of FCC Octacat USY catalyst were added to a vigorously stirred mixture of phenoxathin (202 g, 1.0 mole) and 1-tetradecene (196 g, 1.0 mole) in a flask fitted with thermocouple and reflux condenser. The mixture was then heated to 200'C, with stirring, for six hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered to remove catalyst and
- EXAMPLE 13 2.0 g of anhydrous A1C1 3 were added to a stirred mixture of 1-octene, 224.2 g (2 moles), and phenoxathin (202 g, 1 mole) and heated at reflux for six hours. The mixture was then cooled; washed to remove inorganic materials; and dried over anhydrous MgSO.. Gas chrcmatographic analysis showed essentially complete reaction of starting material. Color of this material was >5 whereas the product of Example 1 was ⁇ 2.0.
- EXAMPLE 14 19.1 g of FOC Octacat USY catalyst were added to a vigorously stirred mixture of diphenyl sulfide (186.2 g, 1.0 mole) and 1-tetradecene (196.4 g, 1.0 mole) in a flask fitted with thermocouple and reflux condenser. The mixture was then heated to 200"C, with stirring, for six hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered to remove catalyst and vacuum distilled to 170'C at 0.5-1.5 mmHg to remove unreacted starting materials.
- EXAMPLE 17 2.0 g of anydrous Aid. were added to a stirred mixture of 1-octene, 224.2 g (2 moles), and diphenyl sulfide (186.2 g, 1 mole) and heated at reflux for six hours. The mixture was then cooled, washed to remove inorganic materials; and dried over anhydrous MgSO.. Gas chrcmatographic analysis showed essentially complete reaction of starting material. Color of this material was >5 whereas the product of Example 1 was ⁇ 2.0. Typical properties of exemplified hydrocarbyl diphenyl ethers are shown in TABLE 1.
- Tetradecene alkylated diphenyl ether hexadecene alkylated phenoxathin and both tetradecene and hexadecene alkylated diphenyl sulfide were compared with polyolefin base stock in a Four-Ball Wear test. The results show that at hi er load, both the alkyl diphenyl ether and sulfides and alkyl phenoxathin produced less wear than the other base stock, without any adverse effect on coefficient of friction (f) .
- Load-carrying properties were measured using ASTM D2596 at both room temperature and 100 ⁇ C.
- Polyolefin base stock 50 22.7 126 32 14.6 126
- adducts of this invention as a suitable replacement for components of current lubricant formulations is highly desirable.
- synthetic and or mineral based lubricant composition containing esters for improved additive solubility would be significantly improved by replacement with adducts of this invention due to their excellent thermal stability, additive solubility and or EP/antiwear properties.
- Adducts prepared as described herein provide excellent base stock properties and could -themselves serve as the base stock in f ⁇ mulations for various applications, for example, applications where high temperatures and EP are maintained.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US63742591A | 1991-01-04 | 1991-01-04 | |
US68645491A | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | |
US68645391A | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | |
US68645291A | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | |
US686452 | 1991-04-17 | ||
US686453 | 1991-04-17 | ||
US686454 | 1991-04-17 | ||
US637425 | 2003-08-08 |
Publications (2)
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EP0565624A1 EP0565624A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
EP0565624A4 true EP0565624A4 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
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EP92904012A Withdrawn EP0565624A4 (en) | 1991-01-04 | 1992-01-03 | Lubricant adducts and their preparation |
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EP (1) | EP0565624A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06504289A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2098995A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992012222A1 (en) |
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JP3964471B2 (en) | 1995-06-16 | 2007-08-22 | 東燃ゼネラル石油株式会社 | Heat resistant lubricating oil composition |
JP5994082B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-09-21 | 株式会社Moresco | Alkylated diphenyl ether compound and lubricating oil containing the compound |
CN104395274B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2017-12-05 | 株式会社Moresco | Alkylated diphenyl ethers compound and the lubricating oils containing the compound |
US10023533B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2018-07-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Process to produce paraffinic hydrocarbon fluids from light paraffins |
US9637424B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2017-05-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | High octane gasoline and process for making same |
US9637423B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2017-05-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Integrated process for making high-octane gasoline |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0377305A1 (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-07-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Novel alkylaromatic lubricant fluids |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2221819A (en) * | 1939-05-10 | 1940-11-19 | Dow Chemical Co | Hydrocarbon substituted phenothioxine compounds |
US2277833A (en) * | 1940-06-15 | 1942-03-31 | Dow Chemical Co | Higher alkyl substituted phenothioxins |
US2282686A (en) * | 1940-08-26 | 1942-05-12 | Shell Dev | Antioxidant |
US3240703A (en) * | 1961-12-27 | 1966-03-15 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Stabilization of organic substances |
GB1093945A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1967-12-06 | Monsanto Chemicals | Thermally stable alkyldiaryl sulphides and their use as functional fluids |
US4330302A (en) * | 1973-11-21 | 1982-05-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | High thermal stability liquid hydrocarbons and methods for producing them |
JPS5822515B2 (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1983-05-09 | 株式会社松村石油研究所 | Lubricating oil for chains used at high temperatures |
US4395372A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1983-07-26 | Shell Oil Company | Alkylation process |
US4891448A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1990-01-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Alkylation of polycyclic aromatic compounds to alkylates enriched in the para-substituted isomers |
US5034563A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-07-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Naphthalene alkylation process |
-
1992
- 1992-01-03 WO PCT/US1992/000035 patent/WO1992012222A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-01-03 JP JP4504440A patent/JPH06504289A/en active Pending
- 1992-01-03 EP EP92904012A patent/EP0565624A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-01-03 CA CA 2098995 patent/CA2098995A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0377305A1 (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-07-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Novel alkylaromatic lubricant fluids |
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See also references of WO9212222A1 * |
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CA2098995A1 (en) | 1992-07-05 |
JPH06504289A (en) | 1994-05-19 |
WO1992012222A1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
EP0565624A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
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