EP0561186A1 - Method for shape grinding of the periphery of a spectacle glass - Google Patents

Method for shape grinding of the periphery of a spectacle glass Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0561186A1
EP0561186A1 EP93102920A EP93102920A EP0561186A1 EP 0561186 A1 EP0561186 A1 EP 0561186A1 EP 93102920 A EP93102920 A EP 93102920A EP 93102920 A EP93102920 A EP 93102920A EP 0561186 A1 EP0561186 A1 EP 0561186A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spectacle lens
lens
grinding
spectacle
grinding wheel
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Granted
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EP93102920A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0561186B1 (en
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Wernicke and Co GmbH
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Wernicke and Co GmbH
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Publication of EP0561186A1 publication Critical patent/EP0561186A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B47/225—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation for bevelling optical work, e.g. lenses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens and for scanning the space curve and the thickness of the shape-ground spectacle lens circumference.
  • German patent 38 42 601 by the same applicant there is a computer-controlled spectacle lens edge grinding machine with the spectacle lens between half-shafts holding it and a circumferential grinding wheel processing the lens circumference, and with a probe head measuring the lens circumference with respect to the space curve and the lens thickness, which is connected to a computer , described.
  • the probe has fork-shaped arms that are parallel to one another and parallel to the grinding wheel plane and that are arranged at a distance approximately corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel.
  • the half-waves with the spectacle lens or the grinding wheel with the probe perform oscillating back and forth movements, which either carry out a constant amplitude of a minimum size corresponding to the distance between the legs or oscillating back and forth movements, the amplitude size of which determines the respective contact of the spectacle lens on the legs are, the the distance traveled is measured either directly or over the time period of the reciprocating movement of the spectacle lens or grinding wheel between a fixed reference plane and the reversal points of the reciprocating movement.
  • the half-waves holding the spectacle lens between them continuously or step-wise continue to rotate during the grinding process, even if the spectacle lens is in contact with one leg of the probe in the region of the edge of the grinding wheel.
  • the measured values are falsified. This can be due to the fact that the point of contact of the lens circumference with the probe does not occur at the point where the lens rests on the grinding wheel due to the clamshell, and secondly because the half-shafts continue to rotate with the lens during contact with the probe already a considerable change in thickness or change in the space curve of the front or back of the lens results.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens and for scanning the space curve and the thickness of the shape-ground spectacle lens, which avoids measurement errors, particularly in the case of very thick glasses with a lot of clamshell and requires as few measuring points as possible.
  • the shaping of the periphery of the spectacle lens in the central region of the grinding wheel takes place by rotating the half-waves with the spectacle lens and changing the relative spacing of the axes of the half-waves and the grinding wheel, the rotation of the spectacle lens stopped when a measuring point is reached, the spectacle lens is displaced axially relative to the grinding wheel from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel until the front and back of the spectacle lens circumference are touched by the probe, the path or the time from the central region to the contact with recorded on the probe, the measured values stored in the computer, the half-waves rotated further with the spectacle lens and the edge of the spectacle lens ground until the next measuring point is reached and rotation of the half-waves with the spectacle lens continued to record the measured values until at least ens a complete revolution of the half-waves with the spectacle lens is finished.
  • the measurement is carried out when the spectacle lens held by the half-waves is at a standstill, and the axial displacement of the spectacle lens relative to the grinding wheel from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel, up to If the front and back of the spectacle lens circumference are touched with the probe, there is a point-by-point scanning of the spectacle lens circumference, which cannot be falsified either by rotating the spectacle lens or by running the circumference of the spectacle lens onto the probe finger of the probe head in a circumferential area of the spectacle lens distant from the measuring point.
  • the measuring method it is possible to define characteristic measuring points on the periphery of the spectacle lens in accordance with the selected lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the spectacle lens and to limit it to six to ten measuring points.
  • the measurement points can be placed in the area of the reversal points of the lens circumference, which are determined by the computer depending on the selected lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the lens using the grinding program, after which the grinding process is controlled accordingly.
  • the position of a roof facet to be ground on the periphery of the spectacle lens or one can be determined in the computer by means of the measurement values recorded in this way during peripheral grinding optimize the groove to be grinded in so that the grinding of the roof facet or the grinding of the groove can be carried out by computer on the spectacle lens edge grinding machine by means of a correspondingly profiled grinding wheel.
  • This position optimization is always advantageous when it comes to glasses with high diopter numbers and / or peripheral contour that deviates greatly from the circular shape.
  • the aim is to let the roof facet or groove run near the front of the spectacle lens in order to avoid an aesthetically disadvantageous protrusion of the front of the spectacle lens over the spectacle frame.
  • the position of the roof facet or the groove must be optimized in order to avoid that it leaves the area of the lens periphery between the spatial curve of the front and the rear, as a result of which the roof facet or the circumferential groove would be interrupted.
  • a rotatable and possibly axially displaceable shaft 1 rotatably supports a grinding wheel 2 and sets it in rotation.
  • Two parallel support strips 3, 4 are provided on both sides of the grinding wheel 2 on a wall of a machine housing, not shown, which merge into approximately vertical additional support strips 5, 6.
  • a fork-shaped probe 7 is arranged, which consists of a web 8 and two parallel fork legs 9, 10, which are at a distance from the approximate width of the grinding wheel 2.
  • the fork legs 9, 10 can have a shape adapted to the grinding wheel circumference.
  • a spectacle lens 11 is held in a known manner between two half shafts 14, 15 of the machine and is set in slow rotation by this.
  • a template 16 or a circular disc is rotatably attached, which is supported on a support part 17. Since the lens edge grinding machine is preferably computer-controlled, the support part 17 can be moved up and down by the machine control in accordance with a preselected shape of the lens. In this case, a circular disc 16 must be used to transmit the movement of the support member 17 to the lens 11.
  • the spectacle lens 11 rests with its circumference 12 the grinding wheel 2, wherein it rotates slowly, while the grinding wheel 2 with rapid rotation carries out the shaping of the circumference of the spectacle lens in accordance with either a predefined template 16 or a contour predefined by the computer through the movement of the support part 17.
  • the contour of the spectacle lens is ground in the central region of the grinding wheel 2 between the grinding wheel edges 19, 20.
  • the spectacle lens 11 touches the grinding wheel at a contact point 18. This contact point 18 becomes a predetermined measuring point at which the rotation of the spectacle lens 11 stops and the spectacle lens 11 is axially displaced relative to the grinding wheel 2. This axial displacement takes place on both sides in the direction of the grinding wheel edges 19, 20 until they come into contact with the fork legs 9, 10.
  • an electrical signal is fed to the machine control or the computer, which reverses the movement effected in the direction of the center of the grinding wheel and measures the distance traveled.
  • FIG. 2 shows the process of shaping the circumference of the spectacle lens 11 and scanning the spatial curve and the thickness of the contoured spectacle lens circumference.
  • the spectacle lens 11 is set in slow rotation by the half shafts 14, 15 and thereby covers a path corresponding to a circumferential section u 1. Now the rotation of the half-waves 14, 15 and the spectacle lens 11 is stopped. While the rotation of the spectacle lens 11 is at a standstill, the latter becomes relative moved to the grinding wheel 2 in the direction of the grinding wheel edges 19, 20. It is assumed that the spectacle lens 11 has a thickness d 1 at this point and the position shown relative to the center plane of the grinding wheel 2. A path a 1.1 is therefore covered until the rear 13.2 of the spectacle lens 11 touches the fork leg 9 in the region of the spectacle lens circumference 12.
  • the axial relative movement between the spectacle lens 11 and the grinding wheel 2 is reversed until the front 13.1 touches the fork leg 10 in the region of the spectacle lens circumference 12.
  • the axial movement is then reversed again in the opposite direction until the spectacle lens 11 has returned to its central position with respect to the center plane of the grinding wheel 2.
  • the eyeglass lens 11 held by the half-shafts 14, 15 is again set in slow rotation until a path corresponding to the circumferential section u 2 has been covered, whereupon the axial displacement is repeated with simultaneous measurement of the distances covered a 2.1 and a 2.2 , whereby the of the paths a 1.1 and a 1.2 because of the different thickness d2 of the lens at this measuring point and the different relative position of the front 13.1 and the back 13.2 are different from the previous measuring point.
  • the peripheral contour of the spectacle lens has ended in accordance with the control by the template 16 or the support part 17 and the value pairs a 1.1 , a 1.2 , a 2.1 , a 2.2 etc. are stored in the computer. From these The computer calculates pairs of values the respective thickness of the spectacle lens d 1, d 2, etc. and the course of the spatial curve of the front 13.1 and the back 13.2 of the spectacle lens.
  • the peripheral sections u1, u2 etc. can have a different length with the same angle of rotation of the lens 11 or the same or different length with different angles of rotation of the lens 11.
  • the angle of rotation by which the spectacle lens 11 is rotated until a measurement is carried out again depends on the spectacle lens to be ground, the contour and the optical and decentration values of the spectacle lens, which are entered into the computer before the peripheral grinding. If it is programmed accordingly, the computer can then calculate the characteristic measuring points on the periphery of the spectacle lens and control the spectacle lens edge grinding machine accordingly.
  • the spectacle lens 11 does not rotate during the measuring process, there is only a point of contact in the area of the point of contact 18 between the grinding wheel 2 and the spectacle lens 11 with the fork legs 9, 10, so that there is no fear of falsification of the measured values due to a strong muddling of the spectacle lens, which occurs in particular in the case of very thick lenses. Likewise, no errors occur due to a peripheral area of the spectacle lens 11 running onto one of the fork legs 9, 10 in an area which is distant from the contact point 18.

Abstract

Process for form-grinding the periphery of a spectacle lens and for scanning the three-dimensional curve and thickness of the form-ground spectacle-lens periphery by means of a computer-controlled spectacle-lens edge-grinding machine, having half-shafts retaining the spectacle lens between them, having a periphery grinding wheel machining the lens periphery, and having a sensor head which measures the spectacle lens in the vicinity of its periphery, in terms of the three-dimensional curve and the lens thickness, and is connected to a computer. In said process, the form-grinding of the spectacle-lens periphery takes place in the central region of the grinding wheel by rotating the half-shafts with the spectacle lens and changing the relative distance of the axes of the half-shafts and the grinding wheel, the rotation of the spectacle lens is stopped when a measurement point is reached, the spectacle lens is displaced, relative to the grinding wheel, axially from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel until the front and rear sides of the spectacle-lens periphery make contact with the sensor head, the path or the time from the central region until contact is made with the sensor head is recorded, the measured values are stored in the computer, further rotation of the half-shafts with the spectacle lens takes place, the spectacle-lens edge is form-ground until the next measurement point is reached, the rotation of the spectacle lens is stopped once again, and the measured-value recording and the periphery grinding are continued until at least one complete revolution of the half-shafts with the spectacle lens has ended. By means of this type of measured-value recording, errors in the case of very pronounced conchoidal formation of very thick lenses are avoided. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Formschleifen des Umfangs eines Brillenglases und zum Abtasten der Raumkurve und der Dicke des formgeschliffenen Brillenglasumfangs.The invention relates to a method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens and for scanning the space curve and the thickness of the shape-ground spectacle lens circumference.

In der deutschen Patentschrift 38 42 601 derselben Anmelderin ist eine rechnergesteuerte Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine mit das Brillenglas zwischen sich haltenden Halbwellen und einer den Glasumfang bearbeitenden Umfangschleifscheibe sowie mit einem das Brillenglas in Nähe seines Umfangs bezüglich der Raumkurve und der Glasdicke messenden Tastkopf, der mit einem Rechner verbunden ist, beschrieben. Der Tastkopf weist gabelförmig zueinander und zur Schleifscheibenebene parallele Gabelschenkel auf, die in einem der Breite der Schleifscheibe ungefähr entsprechenden Abstand angeordnet sind. Die Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas oder die Schleifscheibe mit dem Tastkopf führen oszillierende Hin- und Herbewegungen aus, die entweder eine konstante Amplitude von einer dem Schenkelabstand entsprechenden Mindestgröße oder oszillierende Hin- und Herbewegungen ausführen, deren Amplitudengröße von der jeweiligen Anlage des Brillenglases an den Schenkeln bestimmt sind, wobei der zurückgelegte Weg entweder direkt oder über die Zeitdauer der Hin- und Herbewegung des Brillenglases oder der Schleifscheibe zwischen einer festen Bezugsebene und den Umkehrpunkten der Hin- und Herbewegung gemessen wird. Bei dieser Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine drehen sich die das Brillenglas zwischen sich haltenden Halbwellen kontinuierlich oder schrittweise während des Schleifvorgangs ständig weiter, auch wenn sich das Brillenglas im Bereich des Randes der Schleifscheibe in Berührung mit einem Schenkel des Tastkopfs befindet. Weist nun das vorgeschliffene Brillenglas, das bereits angenähert die endgültige Umfangskontur aufweist, eine starke Durchmuschelung auf, wie dies leicht bei sehr dicken Gläsern und bestimmten Brillengestellformen auftreten kann, werden die Meßwerte verfälscht. Dies kann einerseits daran liegen, daß der Berührungspunkt des Brillenglasumfangs mit dem Tastkopf aufgrund der Durchmuschelung nicht an der Stelle erfolgt, wo das Brillenglas auf der Schleifscheibe aufliegt und andererseits daran, daß sich bei dem Weiterdrehen der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas während der Berührung mit dem Tastkopf bereits eine erhebliche Dickenveränderung bzw. Veränderung der Raumkurve der Vorder- bzw. Rückseite des Brillenglases ergibt. Dies führt dazu, daß sich die Lage einer nach dem Fertigschleifen der Brillenglaskontur anzubringenden Facette oder Nut, die durch rechnergesteuertes Schleifen mittels einer entsprechend profilierten Schleifscheibe erzeugt wird, nicht optimal bestimmen läßt, so daß sich keine hochwertigen Brillengläser herstellen lassen, die einwandfrei in das gewählte Brillengestell passen und einen ästhestisch vorteilhaften Eindruck bieten.In German patent 38 42 601 by the same applicant there is a computer-controlled spectacle lens edge grinding machine with the spectacle lens between half-shafts holding it and a circumferential grinding wheel processing the lens circumference, and with a probe head measuring the lens circumference with respect to the space curve and the lens thickness, which is connected to a computer , described. The probe has fork-shaped arms that are parallel to one another and parallel to the grinding wheel plane and that are arranged at a distance approximately corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel. The half-waves with the spectacle lens or the grinding wheel with the probe perform oscillating back and forth movements, which either carry out a constant amplitude of a minimum size corresponding to the distance between the legs or oscillating back and forth movements, the amplitude size of which determines the respective contact of the spectacle lens on the legs are, the the distance traveled is measured either directly or over the time period of the reciprocating movement of the spectacle lens or grinding wheel between a fixed reference plane and the reversal points of the reciprocating movement. In this spectacle lens edge grinding machine, the half-waves holding the spectacle lens between them continuously or step-wise continue to rotate during the grinding process, even if the spectacle lens is in contact with one leg of the probe in the region of the edge of the grinding wheel. If the pre-ground spectacle lens, which already has approximately the final circumferential contour, has a strong clamshell, as can easily occur with very thick lenses and certain eyeglass frame shapes, the measured values are falsified. This can be due to the fact that the point of contact of the lens circumference with the probe does not occur at the point where the lens rests on the grinding wheel due to the clamshell, and secondly because the half-shafts continue to rotate with the lens during contact with the probe already a considerable change in thickness or change in the space curve of the front or back of the lens results. This leads to the fact that the position of a facet or groove to be applied after the finished grinding of the spectacle lens contour, which is generated by computer-controlled grinding using a correspondingly profiled grinding wheel, cannot be optimally determined, so that high-quality spectacle lenses cannot be produced which fit perfectly into the selected one Glasses frame fit and an aesthetically advantageous To provide an impression.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Formschleifen des Umfangs eines Brillenglases und zum Abtasten der Raumkurve und der Dicke des formgeschliffenen Brillenglases zu schaffen, das Meßfehler, insbesondere bei sehr dicken Gläsern mit starker Durchmuschelung vermeidet und mit möglichst wenig Meßpunkten auskommt.The invention has for its object to provide a method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens and for scanning the space curve and the thickness of the shape-ground spectacle lens, which avoids measurement errors, particularly in the case of very thick glasses with a lot of clamshell and requires as few measuring points as possible.

Ausgehend von dieser Aufgabenstellung wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art vorgeschlagen, daß erfindungsgemäß das Formschleifen des Brillenglasumfangs im mittleren Bereich der Schleifscheibe durch Drehen der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas und Verändern des relativen Abstands der Achsen der Halbwellen und der Schleifscheibe erfolgt, die Drehung des Brillenglases bei Erreichen eines Meßpunkts angehalten, das Brillenglas axial relativ zur Schleifscheibe aus dem mittleren Bereich zu den beiden Rändern der Schleifscheibe hin bis zur Berührung der Vorder- und Rückseite des Brillenglasumfangs mit dem Tastkopf verschoben, der Weg oder die Zeit vom mittleren Bereich bis zur Berührung mit dem Tastkopf aufgenommen, die Meßwerte im Rechner gespeichert, die Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas weitergedreht und der Brillenglasrand bis zum Erreichen des nächsten Meßpunkts formgeschliffen und Drehung der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas zur Meßwertaufnahme fortgesetzt bis mindestens eine vollständige Umdrehung der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas beendet ist, werden.Based on this task, it is proposed in a method of the type mentioned at the outset that, according to the invention, the shaping of the periphery of the spectacle lens in the central region of the grinding wheel takes place by rotating the half-waves with the spectacle lens and changing the relative spacing of the axes of the half-waves and the grinding wheel, the rotation of the spectacle lens stopped when a measuring point is reached, the spectacle lens is displaced axially relative to the grinding wheel from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel until the front and back of the spectacle lens circumference are touched by the probe, the path or the time from the central region to the contact with recorded on the probe, the measured values stored in the computer, the half-waves rotated further with the spectacle lens and the edge of the spectacle lens ground until the next measuring point is reached and rotation of the half-waves with the spectacle lens continued to record the measured values until at least ens a complete revolution of the half-waves with the spectacle lens is finished.

Da im Gegensatz zum in der deutschen Patentschrift 38 42 601 beschriebenen Meßverfahren die Messung jeweils bei Stillstand des von den Halbwellen gehaltenen Brillenglases erfolgt, und dabei das axiale Verschieben des Brillenglases relativ zur Schleifscheibe aus dem mittleren Bereich zu den beiden Rändern der Schleifscheibe hin, bis zur Berührung der Vorder- und Rückseite des Brillenglasumfangs mit dem Tastkopf erfolgt, ergibt sich eine punktweise Abtastung des Brillenglasumfangs, die weder durch Drehung des Brillenglases noch durch ein Auflaufen des Brillenglasumfangs auf den Tastfinger des Tastkopfs in einem vom Meßpunkt entfernten Umfangsbereich des Brillenglases verfälscht werden kann.Since, in contrast to the measuring method described in German Patent 38 42 601, the measurement is carried out when the spectacle lens held by the half-waves is at a standstill, and the axial displacement of the spectacle lens relative to the grinding wheel from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel, up to If the front and back of the spectacle lens circumference are touched with the probe, there is a point-by-point scanning of the spectacle lens circumference, which cannot be falsified either by rotating the spectacle lens or by running the circumference of the spectacle lens onto the probe finger of the probe head in a circumferential area of the spectacle lens distant from the measuring point.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Meßverfahren ist es möglich, vor Beginn des Formschleifens charakteristische Meßpunkte am Brillenglasumfang entsprechend der gewählten Brillenglasform und der optischen sowie Dezentrationswerte des Brillenglases festzulegen und sich dabei auf sechs bis zehn Meßpunkte zu beschränken. Vorzugsweise können die Meßpunkte in den Bereich vom Umkehrpunkten des Brillenglasumfangs gelegt werden, die vom Rechner in Abhängigkeit von der gewählten Brillenglasform und der optischen sowie Dezentrationswerte des Brillenglases unter Benutzung des Schleifprogramms ermittelt werden, wonach der Schleifvorgang entsprechend angesteuert wird.With the measuring method according to the invention, it is possible to define characteristic measuring points on the periphery of the spectacle lens in accordance with the selected lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the spectacle lens and to limit it to six to ten measuring points. Preferably, the measurement points can be placed in the area of the reversal points of the lens circumference, which are determined by the computer depending on the selected lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the lens using the grinding program, after which the grinding process is controlled accordingly.

Mittels der beim Umfangsschleifen auf diese Weise aufgenommenen Meßwerte läßt sich im Rechner die Lage einer auf dem Brillenglasumfang anzuschleifenden Dachfacette oder einer einzuschleifenden Nut optimieren, so daß sich das Anschleifen der Dachfacette oder das Einschleifen der Nut rechnergesteuert auf der Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine mittels einer entsprechend profilierten Schleifscheibe problemlos durchführen läßt. Diese Lageoptimierung ist immer dann vorteilhaft, wenn es sich um Gläser mit hohen Dioptrienzahlen und/oder von der kreisrunden Form stark abweichende Umfangskontur handelt. Bei Gläsern mit hohen Minus-Dioptrien-Werten ist man bestrebt, die Dachfacette oder Nut in der Nähe der Vorderseite des Brillenglases verlaufen zu lassen, um einen ästhetisch unvorteilhaften Überstand der Brillenglasvorderseite über das Brillengestell zu vermeiden. Bei Brillengläsern mit hohen Plus-Dioptrien-Zahlen muß die Lage der Dachfacette oder der Nut optimiert werden, um zu vermeiden, daß sie den Bereich des Brillenglasumfangs zwischen der Raumkurve der Vorderseite und der Rückseite verläßt, wodurch die Dachfacette oder die Umfangsnut unterbrochen würde.The position of a roof facet to be ground on the periphery of the spectacle lens or one can be determined in the computer by means of the measurement values recorded in this way during peripheral grinding optimize the groove to be grinded in so that the grinding of the roof facet or the grinding of the groove can be carried out by computer on the spectacle lens edge grinding machine by means of a correspondingly profiled grinding wheel. This position optimization is always advantageous when it comes to glasses with high diopter numbers and / or peripheral contour that deviates greatly from the circular shape. In the case of glasses with high minus diopter values, the aim is to let the roof facet or groove run near the front of the spectacle lens in order to avoid an aesthetically disadvantageous protrusion of the front of the spectacle lens over the spectacle frame. In the case of lenses with high plus diopter numbers, the position of the roof facet or the groove must be optimized in order to avoid that it leaves the area of the lens periphery between the spatial curve of the front and the rear, as a result of which the roof facet or the circumferential groove would be interrupted.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels des näheren erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
in perspektivischer Ansicht die Oberseite einer Schleifscheibe mit einem daran angeordneten Tastkopf und dem Brillenglas und
Fig. 2
in schematischer Ansicht den Weg des Berührungspunktes des Brillenglases mit der Schleifscheibe und den Abstand dieses Punktes von der Null-Linie (Mittelebene der Schleifscheibe).
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1
in perspective view the top of a grinding wheel with an attached probe and the lens and
Fig. 2
in a schematic view, the path of the point of contact of the lens with the Grinding wheel and the distance of this point from the zero line (center plane of the grinding wheel).

Eine drehbare und ggf. axial verschiebbare Welle 1 trägt drehfest eine Schleifscheibe 2 und setzt diese in Drehung. Beidseitig der Schleifscheibe 2 sind an einer nicht dargestellten Wand eines Maschinengehäuses zwei parallele Tragleisten 3, 4 vorgesehen, die in etwa senkrechte weitere Tragleisten 5, 6 übergehen. Am Ende dieses zweiten Tragleistenpaares 5, 6 ist ein gabelförmiger Tastkopf 7 angeordnet, der aus einem Steg 8 und zwei parallelen Gabelschenkeln 9, 10 besteht, die einen Abstand von der ungefähren Breite der Schleifscheibe 2 voneinander haben. Die Gabelschenkel 9, 10 können eine dem Schleifscheibenumfang angepaßte Form besitzen.A rotatable and possibly axially displaceable shaft 1 rotatably supports a grinding wheel 2 and sets it in rotation. Two parallel support strips 3, 4 are provided on both sides of the grinding wheel 2 on a wall of a machine housing, not shown, which merge into approximately vertical additional support strips 5, 6. At the end of this second pair of support strips 5, 6, a fork-shaped probe 7 is arranged, which consists of a web 8 and two parallel fork legs 9, 10, which are at a distance from the approximate width of the grinding wheel 2. The fork legs 9, 10 can have a shape adapted to the grinding wheel circumference.

Ein Brillenglas 11 ist in bekannter Weise zwischen zwei Halbwellen 14, 15 der Maschine gehalten und wird durch diese in langsame Drehung versetzt. Auf der Kalbwelle 14 ist eine Schablone 16 oder eine Kreisscheibe drehfest angebracht, die auf einem Stutzteil 17 Auflage findet. Da die Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine vorzugsweise rechnergesteuert ist, ist der Stützteil 17 durch die Maschinensteuerung entsprechend einer vorgewählten Brillenglasform auf- und abbeweglich. In diesem Fall muß eine Kreisscheibe 16 verwendet werden, um die Bewegung des Stützteils 17 auf das Brillenglas 11 zu übertragen. Das Brillenglas 11 ruht mit seinem Umfang 12 auf der Schleifscheibe 2, wobei es sich langsam dreht, während die Schleifscheibe 2 mit schneller Drehung das Formschleifen des Umfangs des Brillenglases entsprechend entweder einer vorgegebenen Schablone 16 oder einer vom Rechner durch die Bewegung des Stützteils 17 vorgegebenen Kontur durchführt. Das Schleifen der Brillenglaskontur erfolgt im mittleren Bereich der Schleifscheibe 2 zwischen den Schleifscheibenrändern 19, 20. Dabei berührt das Brillenglas 11 die Schleifscheibe in einem Berührungspunkt 18. Dieser Berührungspunkt 18 wird zu einem vorgegebenen Meßpunkt, an dem die Drehung des Brillenglases 11 angehalten und das Brillenglas 11 relativ zur Schleifscheibe 2 axial verschoben wird. Diese axiale Verschiebung erfolgt nach beiden Seiten in Richtung der Schleifscheibenränder 19, 20 bis zur Berührung mit den Gabelschenkeln 9, 10. Jeweils bei Berührung des einen und anderen Gabelschenkels 9, 10 wird ein elektrisches Signal der Maschinensteuerung bzw. dem Rechner zugeleitet, das die Bewegungsumkehr in Richtung zur Schleifscheibenmitte bewirkt und die zurückgelegte Wegstrecke mißt.A spectacle lens 11 is held in a known manner between two half shafts 14, 15 of the machine and is set in slow rotation by this. On the calf shaft 14 a template 16 or a circular disc is rotatably attached, which is supported on a support part 17. Since the lens edge grinding machine is preferably computer-controlled, the support part 17 can be moved up and down by the machine control in accordance with a preselected shape of the lens. In this case, a circular disc 16 must be used to transmit the movement of the support member 17 to the lens 11. The spectacle lens 11 rests with its circumference 12 the grinding wheel 2, wherein it rotates slowly, while the grinding wheel 2 with rapid rotation carries out the shaping of the circumference of the spectacle lens in accordance with either a predefined template 16 or a contour predefined by the computer through the movement of the support part 17. The contour of the spectacle lens is ground in the central region of the grinding wheel 2 between the grinding wheel edges 19, 20. The spectacle lens 11 touches the grinding wheel at a contact point 18. This contact point 18 becomes a predetermined measuring point at which the rotation of the spectacle lens 11 stops and the spectacle lens 11 is axially displaced relative to the grinding wheel 2. This axial displacement takes place on both sides in the direction of the grinding wheel edges 19, 20 until they come into contact with the fork legs 9, 10. Each time one or the other fork leg 9, 10 is touched, an electrical signal is fed to the machine control or the computer, which reverses the movement effected in the direction of the center of the grinding wheel and measures the distance traveled.

In Fig. 2 ist der Ablauf des Formschleifens des Umfangs des Brillenglases 11 und des Abtastens der Raumkurve und der Dicke des formgeschliffenen Brillenglasumfangs dargestellt. Das Brillenglas 11 wird durch die Halbwellen 14, 15 in langsame Drehung versetzt und legt dabei einen Weg entsprechend einem Umfangabschnitt u₁ zurück. Nunmehr wird die Drehung der Halbwellen 14, 15 und des Brillenglases 11 angehalten. Während Stillstands der Drehung des Brillenglases 11 wird dieses relativ zur Schleifscheibe 2 in Richtung der Schleifscheibenränder 19, 20 verschoben. Es wird angenommen, daß das Brillenglas 11 an dieser Stelle eine Dicke d₁ und die dargestellte relative Lage zur Mittelebene der Schleifscheibe 2 aufweist. Bis zur Berührung der Rückseite 13.2 des Brillenglases 11 im Bereich des Brillenglasumfangs 12 mit dem Gabelschenkel 9 wird daher ein Weg a1.1 zurückgelegt. Durch die Berührung mit dem Gabelschenkel 9 wird die axiale Relativbewegung zwischen dem Brillenglas 11 und der Schleifscheibe 2 umgesteuert, bis die Vorderseite 13.1 im Bereich des Brillenglasumfangs 12 den Gabelschenkel 10 berührt. Hierauf wird erneut die Axialbewegung in umgekehrter Richtung umgesteuert, bis das Brillenglas 11 wieder in seine mittlere Lage mit Bezug auf die Mittelebene der Schleifscheibe 2 gelangt ist. Nunmehr wird das von den Halbwellen 14, 15 gehaltene Brillenglas 11 erneut in langsame Umdrehung versetzt, bis ein Weg entsprechend dem Umfangsabschnitt u₂ zurückgelegt ist, woraufhin die Axialverschiebung mit gleichzeitigem Messen der zurückgelegten Wege a2.1 und a2.2 wiederholt wird, wobei die von den Wegen a1.1 und a1.2 wegen der unterschiedlichen Dicke d₂ des Brillenglases an diesem Meßpunkt und der unterschiedlichen relativen Lage der Vorderseite 13.1 und der Rückseite 13.2 von den vorherigem Meßpunkt verschieden sind. Wird die Randbearbeitung des Brillenglases 11 auf diese Weise fortgesetzt, bis das Brillenglas 11 mindestens eine vollständige Umdrehung durchlaufen hat, ist die Umfangskontur des Brillenglases entsprechend der Steuerung durch die Schablone 16 oder dem Stützteil 17 beendet und die Wertepaare a1.1, a1.2, a2.1, a2.2 usw. sind im Rechner gespeichert. Aus diesen Wertepaaren berechnet der Rechner die jeweilige Dicke des Brillenglases d₁, d₂ usw. und den Verlauf der Raumkurve der Vorderseite 13.1 und der Rückseite 13.2 des Brillenglases.2 shows the process of shaping the circumference of the spectacle lens 11 and scanning the spatial curve and the thickness of the contoured spectacle lens circumference. The spectacle lens 11 is set in slow rotation by the half shafts 14, 15 and thereby covers a path corresponding to a circumferential section u 1. Now the rotation of the half-waves 14, 15 and the spectacle lens 11 is stopped. While the rotation of the spectacle lens 11 is at a standstill, the latter becomes relative moved to the grinding wheel 2 in the direction of the grinding wheel edges 19, 20. It is assumed that the spectacle lens 11 has a thickness d 1 at this point and the position shown relative to the center plane of the grinding wheel 2. A path a 1.1 is therefore covered until the rear 13.2 of the spectacle lens 11 touches the fork leg 9 in the region of the spectacle lens circumference 12. By touching the fork leg 9, the axial relative movement between the spectacle lens 11 and the grinding wheel 2 is reversed until the front 13.1 touches the fork leg 10 in the region of the spectacle lens circumference 12. The axial movement is then reversed again in the opposite direction until the spectacle lens 11 has returned to its central position with respect to the center plane of the grinding wheel 2. Now the eyeglass lens 11 held by the half-shafts 14, 15 is again set in slow rotation until a path corresponding to the circumferential section u 2 has been covered, whereupon the axial displacement is repeated with simultaneous measurement of the distances covered a 2.1 and a 2.2 , whereby the of the paths a 1.1 and a 1.2 because of the different thickness d₂ of the lens at this measuring point and the different relative position of the front 13.1 and the back 13.2 are different from the previous measuring point. If the edge processing of the spectacle lens 11 is continued in this way until the spectacle lens 11 has run through at least one complete revolution, the peripheral contour of the spectacle lens has ended in accordance with the control by the template 16 or the support part 17 and the value pairs a 1.1 , a 1.2 , a 2.1 , a 2.2 etc. are stored in the computer. From these The computer calculates pairs of values the respective thickness of the spectacle lens d 1, d 2, etc. and the course of the spatial curve of the front 13.1 and the back 13.2 of the spectacle lens.

Die Umfangsabschnitte u₁, u₂ usw. können eine unterschiedliche Länge bei gleichem Drehwinkel des Brillenglases 11 oder gleiche oder unterschiedliche Länge bei unterschiedlichen Drehwinkeln des Brillenglases 11 aufweisen. Der Drehwinkel, um den das Brillenglas 11 weitergedreht wird, bis erneut eine Messung durchgeführt wird, ist abhängig vom zu schleifenden Brillenglas, der Kontur sowie der optischen und Dezentrationswerte des Brillenglases, die vor dem Umfangsschleifen in den Rechner eingegeben werden. Der Rechner kann dann, wenn er entsprechend programmiert ist, die charakteristischen Meßpunkte am Brillenglasumfang berechnen und die Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine entsprechend ansteuern.The peripheral sections u₁, u₂ etc. can have a different length with the same angle of rotation of the lens 11 or the same or different length with different angles of rotation of the lens 11. The angle of rotation by which the spectacle lens 11 is rotated until a measurement is carried out again depends on the spectacle lens to be ground, the contour and the optical and decentration values of the spectacle lens, which are entered into the computer before the peripheral grinding. If it is programmed accordingly, the computer can then calculate the characteristic measuring points on the periphery of the spectacle lens and control the spectacle lens edge grinding machine accordingly.

Während der Schleifvorgang der Umfangskontur des Brillenglases 11 durch schrittweises Weiterdrehen der Halbwellen 14, 15 über einen Winkel von z. B. 5° erfolgt, so daß der Schleifvorgang nach zweiundsiebzig Schritten beendet ist, genügt es, zum Vermessen der Raumkurven der Vorderseite 13.1 und der Rückseite 13.2 des Brillenglases 11 und der entsprechenden Glasdicke sechs bis zehn Meßpunkte vorzusehen, deren Anzahl und Lage von der gewählten Brillenglasform und den optischen sowie den Dezentrationswerten des Brillenglases abhängt. Da sich das Brillenglas 11 während des Meßvorgangs nicht dreht, erfolgt auch nur eine punktuelle Berührung im Bereich des Berührungspunktes 18 zwischen der Schleifscheibe 2 und dem Brillenglas 11 mit den Gabelschenkeln 9, 10, so daß keine Verfälschung der Meßwerte durch eine starke Durchmuschelung des Brillenglases, die insbesondere bei sehr dicken Gläsern auftritt, zu befürchten ist. Ebenso entstehen keine Fehler durch ein Auflaufen eines Umfangsbereichs des Brillenglases 11 auf einen der Gabelschenkel 9, 10 in einem Bereich, der vom Berührungspunkt 18 entfernt liegt.During the grinding process of the peripheral contour of the lens 11 by gradually turning the half-shafts 14, 15 over an angle of z. B. 5 °, so that the grinding process is finished after seventy-two steps, it is sufficient to provide six to ten measuring points for measuring the space curves of the front 13.1 and the rear 13.2 of the spectacle lens 11 and the corresponding lens thickness, the number and location of the selected Lens shape and the optical and the decentration values of the lens depends. Since the spectacle lens 11 does not rotate during the measuring process, there is only a point of contact in the area of the point of contact 18 between the grinding wheel 2 and the spectacle lens 11 with the fork legs 9, 10, so that there is no fear of falsification of the measured values due to a strong muddling of the spectacle lens, which occurs in particular in the case of very thick lenses. Likewise, no errors occur due to a peripheral area of the spectacle lens 11 running onto one of the fork legs 9, 10 in an area which is distant from the contact point 18.

Die gewonnenen Werte für die Raumkurven und die Glasdicke werden dazu benutzt, um ein nachfolgendes, im einzelnen nicht beschriebenes, rechnergesteuertes und optimiertes Schleifen einer Dachfacette oder Nut durchzuführen.The values obtained for the room curves and the glass thickness are used to carry out a subsequent, not described in detail, computer-controlled and optimized grinding of a roof facet or groove.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zum Formschleifen des Umfangs eines Brillenglases und zum Abtasten der Raumkurve und der Dicke des formgeschliffenen Brillenglasumfangs mittels einer rechnergesteuerten Brillenglasrandschleifmaschine mit das Brillenglas zwischen sich haltenden Halbwellen und einer den Glasumfang bearbeitenden Umfangsschleifscheibe sowie mit einem das Brillenglas in Nähe seines Umfangs bezüglich der Raumkurve und der Glasdicke messenden Tastkopf, der mit einem Rechner verbunden ist, durch Drehen der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas und Verändern des relativen Abstandes der Achsen der Halbwellen und der Schleifscheibe mit den Schritten: - Anhalten der Drehung des Brillenglases bei Erreichen eines Meßpunkts, - axiales Verschieben des Brillenglases relativ zur Schleifscheibe aus dem mittleren Bereich zu den beiden Rändern der Schleifscheibe hin bis zur Berührung der Vorder- und Rückseite des Brillenglasumfangs mit dem Tastkopf, - Aufnehmen des Weges oder der Zeit vom mittleren Bereich bis zur Berührung mit dem Tastkopf, - Speichern der Meßwerte im Rechner, - Weiterdrehen der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas und Formschleifen des Brillenglasrandes bis zum Erreichen des nächsten Meßpunkts, - erneutes Anhalten und Fortsetzen der Meßwertaufnahme und des Umfangsschleifens bis mindestens eine vollständige Umdrehung der Halbwellen mit dem Brillenglas beendet ist. Method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens and for scanning the space curve and the thickness of the shape-ground spectacle lens circumference by means of a computer-controlled spectacle lens edge grinding machine with the spectacle lens between half waves and a circumferential grinding wheel processing the lens circumference as well as with a spectacle lens close to its circumference with respect to the space curve and the lens thickness measuring probe, which is connected to a computer, by rotating the half-waves with the spectacle lens and changing the relative distance between the axes of the half-waves and the grinding wheel with the steps: Stopping the rotation of the spectacle lens when a measuring point is reached, axial displacement of the spectacle lens relative to the grinding wheel from the central region to the two edges of the grinding wheel until the front and back of the spectacle lens circumference come into contact with the probe, - Record the path or time from the middle range to to touch the probe, - storing the measured values in the computer, - Continuous rotation of the half-waves with the spectacle lens and shape grinding of the rim of the spectacle lens until the next measuring point is reached, - Stopping and resuming the measurement recording and the peripheral grinding until at least one complete revolution of the half-waves with the spectacle lens has ended. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 mit dem zusätzlichen Schritt: - Festlegen von charakteristischen Meßpunkten am Brillenglasumfang entsprechend der gewählten Brillenglasform und der optischen sowie Dezentrationswerte des Brillenglases vor Beginn des Formschleifens. The method of claim 1 with the additional step: - Determination of characteristic measuring points on the circumference of the spectacle lens in accordance with the selected spectacle lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the spectacle lens before the start of shape grinding. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der Meßpunkte vom Rechner in Abhängigkeit von der gewählten Brillenglasform und der optischen sowie Dezentrationswerte des Brillenglases unter Benutzung des Schleifprogramms ermittelt und der Schleifvorgang entsprechend angesteuert wird.Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the number of measuring points is determined by the computer as a function of the selected lens shape and the optical and decentration values of the lens using the grinding program and the grinding process is controlled accordingly. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßpunkte in den Bereich von Umkehrpunkten des Brillenglasumfangs gelegt werden.Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the measuring points are placed in the region of reversal points of the periphery of the spectacle lens.
EP93102920A 1992-03-19 1993-02-25 Method for shape grinding of the periphery of a spectacle glass Expired - Lifetime EP0561186B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4208835 1992-03-19
DE4208835A DE4208835A1 (en) 1992-03-19 1992-03-19 Method for shape grinding the circumference of a spectacle lens

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EP0561186A1 true EP0561186A1 (en) 1993-09-22
EP0561186B1 EP0561186B1 (en) 1995-10-11

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EP (1) EP0561186B1 (en)
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EP0561186B1 (en) 1995-10-11
DE59300726D1 (en) 1995-11-16
JPH0611412A (en) 1994-01-21
DE4208835C2 (en) 1994-02-10
US5538459A (en) 1996-07-23
DE4208835A1 (en) 1993-09-30
JP2694102B2 (en) 1997-12-24

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