EP0554811B1 - Misprint detection device in a rotary printing machine - Google Patents

Misprint detection device in a rotary printing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0554811B1
EP0554811B1 EP93101466A EP93101466A EP0554811B1 EP 0554811 B1 EP0554811 B1 EP 0554811B1 EP 93101466 A EP93101466 A EP 93101466A EP 93101466 A EP93101466 A EP 93101466A EP 0554811 B1 EP0554811 B1 EP 0554811B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camera
image
print
electronic
fact
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP93101466A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0554811A1 (en
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Roger-Henri Roch
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Bobst Mex SA
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Bobst SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Handling Of Sheets (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)

Abstract

The misprint detection device in a rotary printing machine comprises at least one first camera (34) for capturing, with a first resolution, an image of a sample area (16) of the print (12) on a moving strip (10) and an electronic computerised device (39, 50) for digitising the image and for then comparing with a prerecorded reference image. The first camera (34) is associated with a second camera (24) for global capture of the print (12) with a second resolution lower than the first, and the comparative results from the second camera (24) are used in a feedback loop for control of the operation of the first camera (34). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de détection d'erreurs d'impression ou autres dans une machine à imprimer telle qu'utilisée dans l'impression d'emballages ou de journaux imprimés.The present invention relates to a device for detecting printing or other errors in a printing machine as used in the printing of packaging or printed newspapers.

Pour la détection de telles erreurs d'impression, on connaît des dispositifs comprenant une caméra associée avec un flash disposé au-dessus de la bande ou feuille défilante en sortie d'impression d'une ou plusieurs stations de couleurs, cette caméra étant apte à échantillonner quatre à cinq zones d'intérêt par seconde avec une résolution d'images de 512 x 512 points. Il est évident qu'en modifiant la focale de l'objectif de la caméra, le champ de vision, donc la zone d'analyse, peut être modifié de 25 x 25 mm à 40 x 40 cm, ce qui se traduit, pour une image fixe, en la détection maximum respectivement d'une tache de 5/100 de mm et de 2 mm de diamètre. Toutefois, compte tenu des vitesses de défilement importantes de la bande de l'ordre de 10 mètres par seconde, de telles caméras peuvent laisser passer jusqu'à 1,5 mètres de bande inexplorée avant le déclenchement du flash suivant.For the detection of such printing errors, devices are known which include a camera associated with a flash placed above the moving strip or sheet at the print output of one or more color stations, this camera being capable of sample four to five areas of interest per second with an image resolution of 512 x 512 dots. It is obvious that by changing the focal length of the camera lens, the field of vision, therefore the analysis area, can be changed from 25 x 25 mm to 40 x 40 cm, which translates, for a still image, with maximum detection of a spot of 5/100 mm and 2 mm in diameter respectively. However, given the high speed of the tape running on the order of 10 meters per second, such cameras can let up to 1.5 meters of unexplored tape before the next flash fires.

En fait, une analyse des erreurs potentielles d'impression fait apparaître deux types distincts d'erreurs : un premier type d'erreurs fugitives et trop importantes exigeant que l'impression effectuée soit retirée par la suite de la chaîne pour rebuts; et un second type d'erreurs durables qui restent encore temporairement, au début, dans la limite de tolérance mais qui sont l'avertissement d'une détérioration en cours. Comme exemple de causes d'erreur du premier type, on peut citer des défauts majeurs de carton ou de papier, une absence, un surplus ou une projection d'encre, des taches d'huile provenant d'une partie de la machine, un cliché se défaisant du cylindre, voire même un dérèglement de l'arbre électrique calant plusieurs clichés de couleurs les uns par rapport aux autres. Le second type d'erreurs est fréquemment dû à une usure progressive de plusieurs pièces de la machine d'impression rotative tel que, traditionnellement, le racleur d'encre, la forme d'impression, le rouleau presseur, etc. De telles erreurs peuvent également provenir du dépôt momentané de poussière que l'on pourrait facilement éliminer.In fact, an analysis of potential printing errors reveals two distinct types of errors: a first type of fugitive and too large errors requiring that the printing carried out be subsequently removed from the waste chain; and a second type of lasting error which remains temporarily, at the beginning, within the tolerance limit but which is the warning of a deterioration in progress. As an example of causes of error of the first type, one can cite major defects in cardboard or of paper, an absence, a surplus or a projection of ink, oil stains coming from a part of the machine, a cliché getting rid of the cylinder, even even a disturbance of the electric shaft stalling several clichés of colors one to another. The second type of error is frequently due to progressive wear of several parts of the rotary printing machine such as, traditionally, the ink scraper, the printing form, the pressure roller, etc. Such errors can also arise from the momentary deposit of dust which could easily be eliminated.

Comme mentionné précédemment, les dispositifs actuels à base de caméras vidéo saisissant une image lors d'un flash ne peuvent couvrir en temps réel l'ensemble des impressions avec une résolution suffisante pour détecter immédiatement les diverses erreurs mentionnées. De plus, une amélioration d'un facteur de l'ordre de 1.000 de la technologie des caméras n'est guère envisageable, même à long terme, pour remplir ces buts.As mentioned previously, current devices based on video cameras capturing an image during a flash cannot cover all the prints in real time with sufficient resolution to immediately detect the various errors mentioned. In addition, an improvement of a factor of around 1,000 in camera technology is hardly conceivable, even in the long term, to fulfill these goals.

L'objet de cette invention est de résoudre les problèmes précités grâce à un dispositif apte à détecter et analyser rapidement toutes les erreurs d'impression pour correction appropriée.The object of this invention is to solve the aforementioned problems by means of a device capable of rapidly detecting and analyzing all printing errors for appropriate correction.

Ce but est atteint grâce à un dispositif comprenant au moins une première caméra vidéo pour la saisie selon une première résolution d'une image d'une zone échantillon d'une impression sur une bande défilante du fait qu'elle est associée en amont à une seconde caméra de saisie globale de l'impression selon une seconde résolution inférieure à la première, ces deux caméras étant reliées à un dispositif électronique et informatique de numérisation d'images respectives puis de comparaison avec des images de référence pré-enregistrées, les résultats comparatifs issus de la seconde caméra étant utilisés dans la boucle de contre-réaction du contrôle de fonctionnement de la première caméra.This object is achieved by means of a device comprising at least a first video camera for capturing, according to a first resolution, an image of a sample area of an impression on a moving strip because it is associated upstream with a second camera for capturing the overall impression at a second resolution lower than the first, these two cameras being connected to an electronic and computer device for scanning respective images and then comparison with pre-recorded reference images, the comparative results from the second camera being used in the feedback loop of the operation control of the first camera.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la seconde caméra de basse résolution à lecture globale comprend une pluralité de rangées d'éléments photosensibles accolées les unes aux autres, les charges électriques générées dans la première rangée par la lecture d'une bande transversale de l'impression étant transférées successivement aux rangées suivantes en synchronisme avec le défilement de la bande afin d'intégrer les charges supplémentaires générées, dans chaque rangée suivante respective, par la lecture suivie de cette bande.According to a preferred embodiment, the second low resolution camera with global reading comprises a plurality of rows of photosensitive elements placed side by side, the electric charges generated in the first row by reading a transverse strip of the printing being successively transferred to the following rows in synchronism with the running of the strip in order to integrate the additional charges generated, in each respective following row, by the reading followed by this strip.

Grâce à ce type de caméra, une bande transversale d'impression est lue successivement par 16 ou 64 rangées, ce qui en augmente le contraste donc la résolution de l'image vidéo extraite. Ici aussi, la technologie de ce type de caméra peut évoluer, et, par conséquent, le nombre de rangées également. De plus, lorsque la première rangée a transféré sa lecture pour une bande transversale donnée, elle entame immédiatement la lecture de la bande suivante et ainsi de suite faisant que la totalité de l'impression est prise en images au fur et à mesure. Du fait que cette caméra peut comprendre jusqu'à 2 000 éléments photosensibles par rangée, et que son temps d'intégration de charges pour une rangée peut être fixé à une valeur inférieure à 100 micro-secondes, l'image obtenue par cette seconde caméra peut présenter une résolution de l'ordre du mm2 d'impression.Thanks to this type of camera, a transverse print strip is successively read in 16 or 64 rows, which increases the contrast and therefore the resolution of the extracted video image. Here too, the technology of this type of camera can evolve, and therefore the number of rows as well. In addition, when the first row has transferred its reading for a given transverse strip, it immediately begins reading the next strip and so on, causing the entire impression to be taken in pictures as it goes. Because this camera can include up to 2,000 photosensitive elements per row, and that its charge integration time for a row can be set at a value less than 100 micro-seconds, the image obtained by this second camera may have a resolution of the order of mm2 of printing.

Utilement, lors de la phase de démarrage de la machine rotative, l'image globale issue de la seconde caméra de basse résolution peut permettre la définition, par les moyens électroniques et informatiques, des zones non imprimées ou imprimées de couleur uniforme, zones qui ne sont plus surveillées par la suite de manière systématique par la première caméra de haute résolution pilotée par ces mêmes moyens électroniques et informatiques.Usefully, during the start-up phase of the rotary machine, the overall image from the second low resolution camera can allow the definition, by electronic and computer means, of the unprinted or printed areas of uniform color, areas which do not are then more systematically monitored by the first high resolution camera controlled by these same electronic and computer means.

Utilement encore, les moyens électroniques et informatiques peuvent déplacer, automatiquement ou sous le contrôle d'un opérateur, la première caméra de haute résolution transversalement par rapport au défilement de la bande pour lire avec une précision accrue une zone comprenant une erreur grossière détectée par la seconde caméra de basse résolution.Also usefully, electronic and computer means can move, automatically or under the control of an operator, the first high resolution camera transversely with respect to the running of the strip to read with greater precision an area comprising a gross error detected by the second low resolution camera.

Utilement encore, les moyens électroniques et informatiques peuvent modifier le déclenchement du flash illuminant la zone lue par la première caméra de haute résolution en fonction de modifications instantanées de position de l'impression dues à des variations temporaires de tension au sein de la bande telles que détectées par la seconde caméra de basse résolution.Also usefully, electronic and computer means can modify the triggering of the flash illuminating the area read by the first high resolution camera as a function of instantaneous changes in the position of the print due to temporary variations in tension within the strip such as detected by the second low resolution camera.

L'invention ainsi que ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation pris à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré schématiquement sur la figure annexée.The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the description which follows of an embodiment taken by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated diagrammatically in the appended figure.

Sur cette figure est illustrée une bande défilante 10 sur laquelle a été imprimée des motifs successifs 12. Le dispositif comprend une première caméra 34 dite "CCD" couleur munie d'un objectif 30 à focale variable qui projette une zone d'analyse 16 sur l'élément de lecture matricielle CCD 38 comprenant par exemple, trois matrices de 512 x 512 points photosensibles imbriquées : une matrice pour chaque couleur fondamentale rouge, vert et bleu. Cette caméra est reliée à une unité 39 de numérisation du signal vidéo, lequel signal numérisé est envoyé dans une zone mémoire d'un processeur 50 pour analyses et comparaisons ultérieures. La caméra 34 est montée mobile en translation le long d'une laize, sa position pouvant être modifiée à volonté, par exemple par un moteur 35 entraînant une vis sans fin traversant un écrou du boîtier de la caméra. La zone de lecture 16 lue par la caméra 34 est éclairée uniquement lors de prises de vue par un flash 32 apportant une énergie lumineuse importante momentanée.In this figure is illustrated a moving strip 10 on which successive patterns 12 have been printed. The device comprises a first color camera 34 called "CCD" provided with a lens 30 with variable focal length which projects an analysis zone 16 onto the 'element of CCD 38 matrix reading comprising, for example, three matrices of 512 x 512 nested photosensitive dots: one matrix for each fundamental red, green and blue color. This camera is connected to a unit 39 for digitizing the video signal, which digitized signal is sent to a memory area of a processor 50 for subsequent analyzes and comparisons. The camera 34 is mounted movable in translation along a width, its position being able to be modified at will, for example by a motor 35 driving a worm passing through a nut of the housing of the camera. The reading area 16 read by the camera 34 is lit only when shots are taken by a flash 32 providing a momentary high light energy.

Le dispositif comprend de plus une seconde caméra 24 dite "TDI", c'est-à-dire à transfert d'intégration synchrone avec le mouvement de la bande ou des feuilles. Cette caméra 24, munie d'un objectif 20, est montée de préférence, en amont de la caméra 34 par rapport au défilement de la bande 10. Son unité de lecture 28 comprend 8, 16 ou 64 rangées de 2.000 éléments photosensibles. La particularité de cette caméra 24 est qu'elle travaille en continu sous l'éclairage permanent d'un ou plusieurs spots 22. En effet, cette caméra est synchronisée au travers d'un circuit contrôleur 29 avec la vitesse de défilement de la bande 10 de telle sorte que lors de son déplacement, une bande transversale 14 est lue une première fois très rapidement par la première rangée d'éléments photosensibles, puis, suite, d'une part, à un faible déplacement vers la droite dû au défilement de la bande et, d'autre part, au transfert des premières données de la première rangée à la seconde rangée voisine, cette même bande est lue à nouveau par cette seconde rangée et ainsi de suite faisant que, dans la dernière rangée, on obtient une ligne vidéo suffisamment contrastée pour être représentative de l'image dans la bande 14. Entre-temps, la bande d'impression suivante a aussi été lue par les rangées précédentes après réinitialisation immédiate. Les lignes vidéo successives de la dernière rangée sont, après pré-amplification et numérisation dans le circuit 29, également envoyées dans une mémoire du processeur 50.The device further comprises a second camera 24 called "TDI", that is to say with synchronous integration transfer with the movement of the strip or of the sheets. This camera 24, provided with a lens 20, is preferably mounted, upstream of the camera 34 with respect to the movement of the strip 10. Its reading unit 28 comprises 8, 16 or 64 rows of 2,000 photosensitive elements. The particularity of this camera 24 is that it works continuously under the permanent lighting of one or more spotlights 22. In fact, this camera is synchronized through a controller circuit 29 with the speed of travel of the strip 10 so that during its movement, a transverse strip 14 is read a first time very quickly by the first row of photosensitive elements, then, following, on the one hand, a slight movement to the right due to the scrolling of the tape and, on the other hand, the transfer of the first data from the first row to the second row neighboring, this same strip is read again by this second row and so on, so that, in the last row, a video line is obtained which is sufficiently contrasted to be representative of the image in strip 14. In the meantime, the strip Next printout was also read by the previous rows after immediate reset. The successive video lines of the last row are, after pre-amplification and digitization in the circuit 29, also sent to a memory of the processor 50.

Le processeur 50 peut faire apparaître sur l'écran de visualisation 52 l'image globale de l'impression 12 telle que vue par la caméra 24 et, au choix de l'opérateur exprimé sur le clavier 54, faire la comparaison avec une image pré-enregistrée de référence. Toute différence entre ces deux images traduisant l'existence d'une erreur grossière peut être automatiquement détectée par le processeur 50 ou repérée visuellement par l'opérateur.The processor 50 can display on the display screen 52 the overall image of the print 12 as seen by the camera 24 and, at the option of the operator expressed on the keyboard 54, make the comparison with a pre image - registered reference. Any difference between these two images reflecting the existence of a gross error can be automatically detected by the processor 50 or visually identified by the operator.

De manière analogue, l'opérateur peut faire apparaître sur l'écran de visualisation 52 l'image d'une zone d'intérêt à surveiller 16 telle que vue par la caméra CCD 34, laquelle image peut être également comparée à l'image correspondante de référence pré-enregistrée pour faire apparaître immédiatement les erreurs fines.Similarly, the operator can display on the display screen 52 the image of an area of interest to be monitored 16 as seen by the CCD camera 34, which image can also be compared with the corresponding image. of pre-recorded reference to immediately reveal fine errors.

Ayant détecté une différence incompréhensible lors de l'analyse globale de l'impression 12 par la caméra TDI 24, ce dispositif peut télécommander le moteur 35 pour déplacer la caméra CCD 34 et synchroniser le flash 32 afin de positionner la zone de lecture à haute résolution 16 sur l'anomalie précédemment détectée. L'opérateur est alors en mesure de décider si cette différence constitue effectivement une erreur d'impression et peut dans la majorité des cas en déterminer la cause de par son expérience. Cette possibilité est d'autant plus intéressante que l'opérateur aura, lors de la phase de mise en route de la machine rotative, exclu de la surveillance, a priori par la caméra CCD de lecture à haute résolution, des zones présentant un moindre intérêt tel que constaté au vu des premières images prises par la caméra TDI de lecture grossière.Having detected an incomprehensible difference during the global analysis of printing 12 by the TDI camera 24, this device can remote control the motor 35 to move the CCD camera 34 and synchronize the flash 32 in order to position the reading area at high resolution. 16 on the previously detected anomaly. The operator is then able to decide if this difference actually constitutes a printing error and can in the majority of cases determine the cause from experience. This possibility is all the more interesting since the operator will have, during the start-up phase of the rotary machine, excluded from the surveillance, a priori by the CCD high-resolution reading camera, areas of lesser interest. as seen from the first images taken by the TDI coarse reading camera.

Par ailleurs, il peut arriver que, lors de prises d'images au moyen de caméra CCD associée avec des flashes, les images successives oscillent alors que le flash 32 est rigoureusement en synchronisme avec la vitesse de défilement de la bande 10. Ce phénomène peut provenir du fait que des légères variations de tension dans la bande induisent des différences dans la fréquence de passage des images 12 dans le champ de la caméra 34. On peut alors mettre à profit la détection par la caméra 24 de basse résolution du front amont de l'impression 12 pour déclencher au plus juste le flash 32 en fonction de la zone à étudier.Furthermore, it may happen that, when taking images by means of a CCD camera associated with flashes, the successive images oscillate while the flash 32 is strictly in synchronism with the speed of travel of the tape 10. This phenomenon can arise from the fact that slight variations in tension in the band induce differences in the frequency of passage of the images 12 in the field of the camera 34. It is then possible to take advantage of the detection by the camera 24 of low resolution of the upstream front of printing 12 to fire the flash 32 as closely as possible according to the area to be studied.

Comme on a pu le constater à l'étude de cet exposé, le dispositif selon l'invention s'avère particulièrement performant en ce qu'il permet la détection simultanée des erreurs grossières et des erreurs fines d'impression, et ce d'une manière particulièrement efficace de par les répercussions de l'analyse de l'image globale sur l'optimisation des lectures fines. De plus, cette détection s'effectue en des temps particulièrement brefs de par la rapidité de lecture des caméras et de traitement par le processeur. De nombreuses améliorations peuvent être apportées à ce dispositif dans le cadre de cette invention.As we could see from the study of this presentation, the device according to the invention proves to be particularly effective in that it allows the simultaneous detection of gross errors and fine printing errors, and this of a particularly effective because of the repercussions of the analysis of the overall image on the optimization of fine readings. In addition, this detection is carried out in particularly short times due to the speed of reading of the cameras and processing by the processor. Many improvements can be made to this device in the context of this invention.

Claims (5)

  1. Device for detecting print misregisters, arranged in a rotary printing machine and comprising at least a first camera (34) snapping an image of a sample area (16) of the print (12) on a travelling web (10), as well as an electronic and computer appliance (39, 50) for digitalizing the image and comparing it with a pre-registered reference image, characterized by the fact that the said camera is associated with a second camera (24) snapping the global print (12) according to a second resolution which is lower that the first one, the comparative results issued by the second camera (24) being used in the feedback loop of the function control of the first camera (34).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second camera (24) for global scanning comprises several rows of photosensitive elements placed next to one another, the electric charges generated in the first row by the scanning of a cross strip (14) of the print (12) being successively transferred to the following rows in synchronism with the travelling motion of the web (10) in order to integrate the supplementary charges generated in every following row by the constant scanning of the said strip (14).
  3. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that in the start-up phase, the global image snapped by the second camera (24) allows the definition of non-printed as well as printed areas of uniform colour by means of the electronic and computer appliance (50), the said areas being no longer checked systematically by the first camera (34), the latter first camera being controlled by the same electronic and computer appliance.
  4. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electronic and computer appliance (50) shifts automatically or under the control of an operator the first camera (34) crosswise to the travelling motion of the web (10) in order to scan with enhanced precision an new area (16) including a misregister detected by the second camera (24).
  5. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electronic and computer appliance (50) modifies the activation of the flash-light (32) illuminating the area (16) scanned by the first camera (34) with regard to the instant modifications of the position of the print (12) caused by temporary variations of tension occuring on the web (10) and detected by the second camera (24).
EP93101466A 1992-02-07 1993-01-30 Misprint detection device in a rotary printing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0554811B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00357/92A CH687138A5 (en) 1992-02-07 1992-02-07 A print error detection in a rotary printing machine.
CH357/92 1992-02-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0554811A1 EP0554811A1 (en) 1993-08-11
EP0554811B1 true EP0554811B1 (en) 1995-06-21

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EP (1) EP0554811B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05269978A (en)
AT (1) ATE123997T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9300498A (en)
CA (1) CA2088816C (en)
CH (1) CH687138A5 (en)
DE (1) DE69300199T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0554811T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2073309T3 (en)

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DE69300199D1 (en) 1995-07-27
CH687138A5 (en) 1996-09-30
JPH05269978A (en) 1993-10-19
CA2088816A1 (en) 1993-08-08
BR9300498A (en) 1993-08-10
CA2088816C (en) 2000-03-28
DK0554811T3 (en) 1995-09-04
EP0554811A1 (en) 1993-08-11
ATE123997T1 (en) 1995-07-15
ES2073309T3 (en) 1995-08-01
DE69300199T2 (en) 1995-11-30

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